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Flood Hazards and Risks in Bangladesh

The document outlines the hazards and risks associated with flooding in Bangladesh over a 378-year period, highlighting significant events such as cyclones and famines. It categorizes various types of floods, including fluvial, flash, and tidal floods, and discusses flood characteristics and modeling. Additionally, it introduces the Dynamic Flood Risk Model (DFRM) developed for flood preparedness and community-level warning systems.

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Md. Masud Rana 201-47-400
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24 views21 pages

Flood Hazards and Risks in Bangladesh

The document outlines the hazards and risks associated with flooding in Bangladesh over a 378-year period, highlighting significant events such as cyclones and famines. It categorizes various types of floods, including fluvial, flash, and tidal floods, and discusses flood characteristics and modeling. Additionally, it introduces the Dynamic Flood Risk Model (DFRM) developed for flood preparedness and community-level warning systems.

Uploaded by

Md. Masud Rana 201-47-400
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

HAZARDS AND RISK ANALYSIS

Lecture -2
Hazards in Bangladesh

Time Period : 1644 – 2022 → 378 Years

Hazard No of Death % of Total death Comment


Occurrence of all events

Cyclone 10 7,06,072 60.26


Famine 1 3,00,000 25.50 Only in 1943
Draught 5 1,35,000 11.50 Only in 1865
Flood 8 32,218 2.74 28,000 people died only in 1974
TOTAL 24 11,73,290
FLOOD HAZARD CHARACTERISTICS
Ganges-Brahmaputra-Meghna Basins
Ganges-Brahmaputra-Meghna Basins
Origin of Brahmaputra River
Origin of Ganges River
Major River System in Bangladesh
Flood Types

Flood Types

1. Fluvial Flood – Flooding by major river systems


2. Flash Flood – Flooding by hilly rivers
3. Urban Flood – Flooding in urban areas
4. Tidal Flood – Flooding by tides
5. Fluvio-tidal Flood (Compound Flooding) – Flooding by fluvial flow and tide
6. Storm surge Flood – Flooding by cyclone generated flood
7. Flooding due to Monsoon Depression – Flooding due to depression in the ocean
during monsoon
8. Pluvial Flood – Flooding by rainfall
Flash Flood

Flash Flood Flash Flood

Fluvial Flood
Flash Flood

Fluvio-tidal Flood

Tidal Flood
Storm surge Flood Flash Flood
Characteristics of Flood Hydrograph
Fluvial Flood Tidal Flood
3
2.5
2.5
2
2

Flood Depth (m)


Flood Depth (m)

1.5 1.5

1 1

0.5
0.5
0
0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 0
-0.5 0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400
Time (day)
Time (day)

Fluvio-Tidal Flood Storm Surge Flood


3

2.5
Flood Depth (m)

1.5

0.5

0
0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400
Time (day)
Fluvial Flood – Model Simulation
Fluvial Flood
Average Flood : 20 % - 22% of the land area is flooded
Extreme Flood : More than 60% of the land area is flooded
Average Flood Extreme Flood

60 fluvial flood events in last 60 years


Fluvial Flood

Staggered flood peaks of major river systems Synchronization of flood peaks of major river
systems
Flood Situation Brahmaputra – As of October 7, 2024
Flood Forecasting Brahmaputra – As of As of October 7, 2024
Flood Situation Ganges – As of As of October 7, 2024
Flood Forecasting Ganges – As of As of October 7, 2024
Dynamic Flood Risk Model
(DFRM)

• Developed by IWFM BUET for


National Resilience Program (NRP)
• Applied for Flood Preparedness
Program (FPP) by using FFWC flood
forecasting
• Risk based flood early warning for
local community
• Model simulated flood parameters
(depth, duration, velocity)
• Hazard map
• Vulnerability map
• Risk map
• Flood warning number
• Community level dissemination by
flagging system
DFRM Flagging System and Action Plan
Flood Warning by DFRM – As of As of October 7, 2024

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