CENTRAL BICOL STATE UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURE – SIPOCOT

IMPIG, SIPOCOT, CAMARINES SUR

COLLEGE OF EDUCATION

Semi – Detailed Lesson Plan in

Plane Area Under the Curve

PREPARED BY:
Añonuevo, Nicole
Barangas, Melody Joy
Damiano, Ivy
Ecalner, Jorge
Llaguno, Rosavel
Orea, Janseen Sebastian
Perion, Althea
Royales, Erika

SUBMITTED TO:
Engr. Richard Castuera
 I. OBJECTIVES
At the end of the lesson, 75% of the students must be able to:
1. Define the concept of finding the area under the curve.
2. Identify the formula for finding the area under the curve using
integration.
3. Apply the formula in finding the area under the curve.

II. SUBJECT MATTER

Topic: Plane Area Under Curve
References: [Link]
[Link]
Area Under The Curve - Method, Formula, Solved Examples, FAQs
([Link])
Instructional Materials: Marker, Manila Paper
Strategies: 4As Approach

III. PROCEDURE
a. Preparation
 Prayer
 Greetings
 Checking of attendance
 Recapitulation of the previous activity

IV. LESSON PROPER

ABSTRACTION (Lesson Proper)

Topic:
 One of the most useful applications of integral calculus is learning how
to calculate the area under the curve. Definite integrals and areas
found under the curve are essential in physics, statistics, engineering,
and other applied fields. Learning about areas under the curve also
makes you appreciate what you’ve learned so far and makes you see
how amazing integral calculus is.

 Areas under the curve are formed with the function, two vertical lines,
and the horizontal axis. Their values can be calculated by evaluating
the definite integral of the function with respect to the vertical bounds.
 A. What is the area under the curve?

 The area under the curve is defined as the region bounded by the
function we’re working with, vertical lines representing the
function’s bounds, and the x-axis.

 The graph above shows the area under the curve of the continuous
function, f(x). The interval, [a,b], represents the vertical bounds of
the function. The region has to be bounded by the x-axis all the
time.

 In the past, we’ve learned that we can estimate the are under the curve
through the Riemann Sum and other approximation techniques. We can find
the actual value of the area found under the curve by evaluating the integral
of the function at the bounds of its interval.
b
Area=∫ f ( x ) dx
a

¿ F ( b )−F (a)

 Keep in mind that F(x) represents the antiderivative of f(x). this means that
when we want to find the are below f(x)’s curve and bounded by x=a and x=b
as well as the x-axis, simply evaluate f(x)’s definite integral for the interval,
[a,b]

B. How to find the area under a curve?

 When calculating the area under the curve of f(x), use the steps
below as a guide:

STEP 1. Graph the curve.

 STEP 2. Decide whether to use vertical or horizontal strip.
STEP 3. Determine the graph/equation where the end of the strips
lie.
STEP 4. Use [(Y)Up – (Y)Down] or [(X)Right – (X)Left] for the
length
of the strip.
STEP 5. Write the integral area of the strip.
STEP 6. Apply limits.

C. Formula for area under the curve

 The area of the curve can be calculated with respect to the different
axes, as the boundary for the given curve. The area under the
curve can be calculated with respect to the x-axis or y-axis. For
special cases, the curve is below the axes, and partly below the
axes. For all these cases we have the derived formula to find the
area under the curve.

 Area with respect to the x-axis: Here we shall first look at the
area enclosed by the curve y = f(x) and the x-axis. The below
figures present the area enclosed by the curve and the x-axis. The
bounding values for the curve with respect to the x-axis are a and b
respectively. The formula to find the area under the curve with
respect to the x-axis is
b
A=∫ f ( x ) dx
a

 Area with respect to the y-axis: The area of the curve bounded
by the curve x = f(y), the y-axis, across the lines y = a and y = b is
given by the following below expression. Further, the area between
the curve and the y-axis can be understood from the below graph.
 b
A=∫ ¿ ¿ (for vertical strip)
a

(NOTE: Strip must travel only in 2 curves/lines, not 1, not more than 2.)

EXAMPLE 1:
Find the area bounded by the curve f ( x )=4−x 2 from x=-2 to x=2.

Solution
Begin by sketching the graph to confirm that the area is located above the
x-axis.

Since the graph confirm that the entire region, we need to account for is
located above the x-axis, we simply evaluate the definite integral of f(x)
from x=-2 to x=2.
2
Area=∫ ( 4−x ) dx
2

−2
 Apply the integral properties we’ve learned in the past to evaluate this
expression. Once we have the antiderivative of f(x), evaluate it from x=-2
and x=2.
2
Area=∫ ( 4−x ) dx
2

−2

[ ]
3
x 2
Area= 4 x−
3 −2

[ ][ ]
3
23 (−2 )
¿ 4 ( 2 )− − 4 (−2 )−
3 3
32
¿ sq .units
3
From this, we can see that the area under the curve of f(x) from x=-2 and
32
x=2 is equal to squared units.
3

EXAMPLE 2:
A great example for the second case is by finding the area bounded by the
curve of g ( x )=x 2−9 from x = -3 to x = 3.

Solution
Graph the curve of g(x) from x = -3 to x = 3. This will confirm whether the
entire are is located entirely below the x – axis.

From this, we can see that the entire region bounded by the curve, x = -3,
x=3, and the horizontal axis is found below the x- axis. This means that
after evaluating the definite integral, we take the absolute value of the
result to find the area under the curve.
 | |
3
Area= ∫ ( x −9 ) dx
2

−3

Find the derivative of g(x) then evaluate the resulting expression at the
bounds: x+ -3 and x+3.

| |
3
Area= ∫ ( x −9 ) dx
2

−3

|[ ] |
3
x
¿ −9 x 3
3 −3
¿¿
¿|−36|
¿ 36 sq . units

The reason why we take the absolute value of the definite integral is to
make sure that we return a positive value for the area. Hence, the area of
the curve under g(x) from x = -3 to x = 3 is 36 squared units.

EXAMPLE 3.
Find the area under the curve and the axis, x= y 2−2 y−3 from y= 3 and y= -.
Solution
b
A=∫ ¿ ( x ) ¿ ¿ dy ¿
a
−1
¿ ∫ ( y −2 y −3−0 ) dy
2

3
−1
¿ ∫ ( y −2 y −3 ) dy
2

y3 2 y2
¿ − −3 y| 3
3 2 −1
¿¿

¿
[ −1
3
+2 −
][
27
3
−18
]
5
¿ −(9−18)
3
5
¿ −(−9)
3
32
¿ sq .units
3
EXAMPLE 4.
Find the area bounded by the curve y=x 2and the x-axis and the ordinates x=1
and x=3.
Solution
b
A=∫ [ ( Y ) up−( Y ) down ] dx
a
3
¿ ∫ ( x −0 ) dx
2

1
3
¿ ∫ x dx
2

|
3
x 3
¿
3 1
3
3 1
¿ −
3 3
1
¿ 9−
3
26
¿ sq . units
3
EXAMPLE 5.
Find the area lying above the x-axis and under the parabola y=4 x−x 2.
Solution
b
A=∫ [ ( Y ) up−( Y ) down ] dx
a
4
¿ ∫ ( 4 x−x ) dx
2

1
¿ 2 x2 − x 3 4
3 0 |
1
¿ 2 ( 16 )− ¿
3
64
¿ 32−
3
96−64
¿
3
32
¿ sq .units
3

EXAMPLE 6.
 Find the area bounded by the parabola x=8+ 2 y − y 2 and the y-axis and
the lines y= -1 and y= 3.
Solution
b
A=∫ ¿ ( x ) ¿ ¿ dy ¿
a
3
¿ ∫ ( 8+2 y− y −0 ) dy
2

¿ 8 y + y 2−
1 3 3
y
3 −1 |
92
¿ sq . units
3

EXAMPLE 7.
Find the area bounded by the curve y=x 2−7 x +6 and the x-axis and the
ordinates x=2 and x=6.
Solution
b
A=∫ [ ( Y ) up−( Y ) down ] dx
a
6
¿∫ ¿ ¿
2
6
¿ ∫ −( x −7 x+6)dx
2

2
¿−¿
56
A= sq .units
3

EXAMPLE 8.
Find the area bounded by the parabola y 2=4 x and the line y=2 x−4.

Solution
b
A=∫ ¿ ( x ) ¿ ¿ dy ¿
a
4
A=∫
−2
( 12 y+ 2− 14 y ) dy
2
¿
1 2
4 [ ]
1
y +2 y− y 3 4
12 −2
A=9 sq .units