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RSGLec 05

The document discusses image interpretation in remote sensing, emphasizing the importance of visual observations and systematic examination of images and supporting materials. Key elements of image interpretation include shape, size, pattern, tone, texture, shadow, site, association, and resolution. Additionally, it explains image scale as the representation of objects on maps relative to their actual size on the ground.

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sstitiksha
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© © All Rights Reserved
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Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Topics covered

  • Map Representation,
  • Resolution,
  • Contrast,
  • Coarseness,
  • Vegetation Specificity,
  • Land Use Analysis,
  • Tonal Change,
  • Image Processing,
  • Image Scale,
  • Geographic Information Systems
43 views11 pages

RSGLec 05

The document discusses image interpretation in remote sensing, emphasizing the importance of visual observations and systematic examination of images and supporting materials. Key elements of image interpretation include shape, size, pattern, tone, texture, shadow, site, association, and resolution. Additionally, it explains image scale as the representation of objects on maps relative to their actual size on the ground.

Uploaded by

sstitiksha
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Topics covered

  • Map Representation,
  • Resolution,
  • Contrast,
  • Coarseness,
  • Vegetation Specificity,
  • Land Use Analysis,
  • Tonal Change,
  • Image Processing,
  • Image Scale,
  • Geographic Information Systems

Remote Sensing and GIS

Lecture 05
T. Pant
Image interpretation
• In remotely sensed images various objects of
different sizes and shapes are observed
• The process of communicating the details of
image objects is called image interpretation
• Image interpretation involves the description
of objects on the basis of various features and
factors
• Image interpretation is best learned through
experience!
Visual Image Interpretation
• Visual observations make the elementary
interpretations
• An image interpreter systematically examines:
– the images and
– supporting materials (maps and reports of field
observations
• The interpretation is made to the physical
nature of objects
Visual Interpretation Equipment
• Lens stereoscope

• Zoom stereoscope- continuously variable


magnification
Elements of Image Interpretation
• Shape
• Size
• Pattern
• Tone (hue)
• Texture
• Shadow
• Site
• Association
• Resolution
• Other factors: image scale, image color balance,
condition of images
Elements of Image Interpretation
• Shape refers to the general form,
configuration, or outline of individual objects
• For stereoscopic images, the height also
defines the shape
• Size of objects is considered with the scale of
the image
• Size helps to identify and differentiate various
objects
Elements of Image Interpretation
• Pattern relates to the spatial arrangement of
objects- repetition of certain general forms
• Tone refers to the relative brightness or color
of objects on an image
• Without tonal differences, the shapes,
patterns and textures of objects couldn’t be
discerned
Elements of Image Interpretation
• Texture is the frequency of tonal change on an
image- it is produced by an aggregation of unit
features that may be too small to be discerned
individually, e.g., tree leaves and leaf shadows
• Texture determines the visual smoothness or
coarseness of image features
• It changes with the scale of the image
Elements of Image Interpretation
• Shadows interpret the objects in true or false
shapes
– e.g., The shadows of trees may be misinterpreted
as the tree leaves
– Shadow is useful to distinguish the clouds (possess
a shadow) with snow (no shadow)
• Site refers to geographic location and used as
an additional information: certain vegetation
is specific to a location (e.g., mango trees)
Elements of Image Interpretation
• Association refers to the occurrence of certain
features in relation to others
• Resolution (spatial) places a practical limit on
interpretation as some objects are too small or
have too little contrast with the surroundings
Image Scale
Image scale represents the relative
representation of objects on the map and on the
ground.
Mostly it is represented in the forms of ratio,
i.e., 1:N where 1mm on the map represents
Nmm on the ground.
Example: The scale 1: 50,000,000 represents 50
km length on the ground by 1mm on the map.

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