Sound Wave - JEE (Main + Advanced)

Sound Wave DPP-01

1. If the speed of the wave shown in the figure is 330m/s in the given medium, then the
equation of the wave propagating in the positive x-direction will be (all quantities are in
M.K.S. units)

y
0.05

0.25 m

(A) 𝑦 = 0.05 sin 2 𝜋(4000𝑡 − 12.5𝑥) (B) 𝑦 = 0.05 sin 2 𝜋(4000𝑡 − 122.5𝑥)
(C) 𝑦 = 0.05 sin 2 𝜋(3300𝑡 − 10𝑥) (D) 𝑦 = 0.05 sin 2 𝜋(3300𝑥 − 10𝑡)

2. A sound wave is propagating through a medium such that displacement v/s 𝒙 graph is

𝜹𝒔
𝜟𝒑 = −𝑩 (𝜹𝒙) = 𝑩𝒔𝟎 𝒌 𝒔𝒊𝒏( 𝒌𝒙 – 𝝎𝒕)
Corresponding excess pressure v/s 𝒙 graph will be
P
P

(A) x (B) x

P
P

(C) x (D)
x

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Sound Wave - JEE (Main + Advanced)

3. For displacement (s)-x graph shown for a sound wave, select appropriate excess pressure(p)-
x graph.

p p
(A) (B)
x x

p p

(C) (D) x
x

4. Mark the INCORRECT statement about longitudinal pressure wave.

(A) The density variation and the longitudinal velocity of the particles have their maxima and
minima at the position of equilibrium of the particles.
(B) At the position of maximum displacement, the density is at the ambient (environment) value.
(C) Greatest compression occurs at the same time and place where the velocity of the particles is
maximum and in direction of wave propagation.
(D) Greatest rarefaction occurs at the same time and place where the velocity of the particles is
maximum and in direction of wave propagation.

5. The figure (i) shows the graphical representation of the air molecules in a tube of air
(length=L) at atmospheric pressure on the absolute pressure P(x) graph. Which one of the
following pictures corresponds to the absolute pressure P(x) graph of figure (ii).

(A) (B)
L x L x

(C) (D)
L x L x

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Sound Wave - JEE (Main + Advanced)

6. A sound wave is traveling in air along positive 𝒙-direction. Displacement (s) of particles from
their mean positions at a particular time t is shown in the figure. Choose the correct option
(s) for that instant only :–

(A) Particle located at C has zero velocity

(B) Particle located at D has its velocity in the negative direction
(C) The pressure at C is equal to normal atmospheric pressure
(D) Particles located near B are under compression

7. Displacement vs position graph is shown for a longitudinal wave. In the graph below is
shown pressure profile of medium. Choose the CORRECT option(s) :-

(A) If wave is moving towards right then pressure profile is 2

(B) If wave is moving towards left then pressure profile is 2
(C) If wave is moving towards right then pressure profile is 1
(D) If wave is moving towards left then pressure profile is 1

8. Figure shows a graph of particle displacement function of x at t = 0 for a longitudinal wave

travelling in positive x-direction in a gas. A,B,C,D denote position of particles in space.
S

A B x
C D

Column-I Column II
(A) point A (P) Particle velocity is in direction of wave propagation
(B) point B (Q) Maximum magnitude of strain
(C) point C (R) Excess pressure is zero
(D) point D (S) Maximum density
(T) Maximum magnitude of excess pressure

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9. Sound is travelling in a long tube towards right and the graph of excess pressure variation
versus position (at some instant) is given below.
Match velocities in column-I with column-II. P, Q, R, S, T are medium particles inside the
tube.
P Q R S T
Wave propagation

p

Column-I Column-II
(A) velocity is towards right (P) P
(B) velocity is towards left (Q) Q
(C) velocity is zero (R) R
(D) Speed is maximum (S) S
(T) T

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Sound Wave - JEE (Main + Advanced)

Answer Key

Question 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

(A) (P,Q,S,T); (B) (R); (A) (P); (B) (R,S);

Answer C D A D B ABCD CD
(C) (Q,T); (D) (R) (C) (Q,T); (D) (P,R)

SOLUTIONS DPP-01

1. (C)
5𝜆
Here, 𝐴 = 0.05 m, 2 = 0.25  𝜆 = 0.1𝑚
Now standard equation of wave.

2. (D)
𝑑𝑆
𝑃 = −𝐵 𝑑𝑥

3. (A)
𝑑𝑆
𝑃 = −𝐵
𝑑𝑥

4. (D)
𝑑𝑠
𝑝 = −𝐵 𝑑𝑠

5. (B)
For rarefaction, 𝑃 = 𝑃0 – Δ𝑃 and for compression, 𝑃 = 𝑃0 + Δ𝑃

6. (ABCD)
𝑑𝑦
Particle velocity 𝑣𝑝 = –v( )
𝑑𝑥
𝑣 is the wave velocity
𝑑𝑦
is the slope.
𝑑𝑥
𝑑𝑦
Excess pressure 𝛿𝑃 = – 𝐵. 𝑑𝑥

7. (CD)
If wave moving forward pressure at mid point increases.
So, compression vice-versa in second.

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8. (A) (P,Q,S,T); (B) (R); (C) (Q,T); (D) (R)

Point A is the point of compression.
Change in volume at ‘A’ is maximum.
Particles around B are displaced by same.
Amount in same direction.
Point C is the point of rarefaction
Particles around ‘D’ are displaced by same amount in same direction.

9. (A) (P); (B) (R,S); (C) (Q,T); (D) (P,R)

P
P
T
Q x
R S

S T
S x
P R
Q From S – x graph

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Sound Wave DPP-02

1. At what temperature velocity of sound is double than that of at 0°C

(A) 819 K (B) 819°C (C) 600°C (D) 600 K

2. If the density of oxygen is 16 times that of hydrogen, what will be the ratio of their
corresponding velocities of sound waves
(A) 1 : 4 (B) 4 : 1 (C) 16 : 1 (D) 1 : 16

3. The temperature at which the speed of sound in air becomes double of its value at 27°C is
(A) 54°C (B) 327°C (C) 927°C (D) –123°C

4. The speed of longitudinal wave is 100 times the speed of transverse wave in a taut brass
wire. If the Young’s modulus of brass is 𝟏. 𝟎 × 𝟏𝟎𝟏𝟏 𝑵/𝒎𝟐 , the stress in wire is
(A) 1.0 × 107 𝑁/𝑚2 (B) 1.0 × 106 𝑁/𝑚2 (C) 1.0 × 105 𝑁/𝑚2 (D) 1.0 × 108 𝑁/𝑚2

5. Firecracker exploding on the surface of a lake is heard as two sounds in a time interval t
apart by a man on a boat close to water surface. Sound travels with a speed u in water and a
speed v in air. The distance from the exploding firecracker to the boat is
𝑢𝑣𝑡 𝑡(𝑢+𝑣) 𝑡(𝑢−𝑣) 𝑢𝑣𝑡
(A) (B) (C) (D)
𝑢+𝑣 𝑢𝑣 𝑢𝑣 𝑢−𝑣

6. A man is standing between two parallel cliffs and fires a gun. If he hears first and second
echoes after 1.5 s and 3.5s respectively, the distance between the cliffs is
(Velocity of sound in air = 𝟑𝟒𝟎 𝒎𝒔–𝟏 )
(A) 500 m (B) 650 m (C) 850 m (D) 950 m

7. Which of the following statements are wrong about the velocity of sound in air:
(A) decreases with increases in temperature (B) increases with decrease in temperature
(C) decreases as humidity increases (D) independent of density of air.

8. In a mixture of gases, the average number of degrees of freedom per molecule is 6. The rms
speed of the molecules of the gas is c. Find the velocity of sound in the gas.

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Sound Wave - JEE (Main + Advanced)

Answer Key

Question 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
Answer B A C A D C ABCD 2c/3

SOLUTIONS DPP-02

1. (B)

𝑈 𝑇 𝑇2
𝑈 ∝ √𝑇 ⇒ 2 = √ 2 ⇒ 2 = √
𝑈1 𝑇1 (273+0)

 𝑇2 = 273 × 4 = 1092𝐾 = 819°𝐶

2. (A)

𝛾𝑃 𝑣𝑂 𝜌𝐻 1 1
𝑣 = √ 𝜌 ⇒ 𝑣 2 = √ 𝜌 2 = √16 = 4
𝐻 2 𝑜 2

3. (C)
𝛾𝑅𝑇
𝑣 = √  𝑣 ∝ √𝑇
𝑀

4. (A)
𝑇 𝑇 𝛾
𝑉𝑇 = √ = √ 2 ; 𝑉𝐿 = √
𝜇 𝜋𝑟 𝜌 𝜌
 𝑉𝐿 = 100𝑉𝑇
4
𝑇 𝛾 10
= 100√ = √𝜌 ; 𝑦 = stress (Stress = 𝑇/𝐴)
𝜋𝑟2 𝜌
104
 Stress = = 1 × 107 𝑁/𝑚2
𝑦

5. (D)
𝑑 = 𝑣(𝑡0 + 𝑡)
 (𝑣 − 𝑢)𝑡0 + 𝑣𝑡 = 0
𝑣𝑡
𝑡0 = 𝑢−𝑣
𝑣𝑡
𝑑 = (𝑢−𝑣)

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6. (C)

2𝑑1 + 2𝑑2 = 𝑣 × 𝑡1 + 𝑣 × 𝑡2  2(𝑑1 + 𝑑2 ) = 𝑣(𝑡1 + 𝑡2 )

𝑣(𝑡1+𝑡2) 340×(1.5+3.5)
𝑑1 + 𝑑2 = 2
= 2
= 850 m.

d1 d2

v v

7. (ABCD)
All statements are correct.

8. (2c/3)
1/2

Velocity of sound =   × rms speed of molecules
3
1/2
 2 
1+ f   2
=  c   =1+
 3   f 
1/2
 2
 1+ 6   8 
1/2
4
1/2
2
=  c =   c =   c = c
 3   63  9 3

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Sound Wave - JEE (Main + Advanced)

Sound Wave DPP-03

1. If the amplitude of sound is doubled and the frequency reduced to one-fourth, the intensity
of sound at the same point will be
(A) Increased by a factor of 2 (B) Decreased by a factor of 2
(C) Decreased by a factor of 4 (D) Unchanged

2. A point source emits sound equally in all directions in a non-absorbing medium, two points
A and B are at distance of 3m and 5m respectively from the source. The ratio of the pressure
amplitude of the waves at A and B is
(A) 3 : 5 (B) 25 : 9 (C) 5 : 3 (D) 9 : 25

3. Two sound waves one in air and the other in fresh water are equal in intensity.
Find the ratio of pressure amplitudes of the wave in water to that of the wave in air.
[𝑽𝐬𝐨𝐮𝐧𝐝 = 𝟑𝟒𝟎 𝒎/𝒔 in air & density of air = 𝟏. 𝟐𝟓 𝒌𝒈/𝒎𝟑 , 𝑽𝐬𝐨𝐮𝐧𝐝 = 𝟏𝟓𝟑𝟎 𝒎/𝒔 in water, density
of water = 𝟏𝟎𝟎𝟎 𝒌𝒈 /𝒎𝟑 ]
(A) 20 (B) 40 (C) 60 (D) 80

4. The intensity level due to two waves of the same frequency in a given medium are 1 decibel
and 5 decibel. Then the ratio of amplitudes is
(A) 1 ∶ 4 (B) 1 ∶ 2 (C) 1 ∶ 104 (D) 1 ∶ 102

5. How many times more intense is 90 dB sound than 40 dB sound?

(A) 5 (B) 50 (3) 500 (D) 105

6. A point source is emitting sound in all directions. The ratio of distance of two points from
the point source where the difference in loudness levels is 3dB, is (𝐥𝐨𝐠 𝟏𝟎 𝟐 = 𝟎. 𝟑) -
1 1 1 2
(A) (B) (C) (D)
2 √2 4 3

7. If the intensity is increased by a factor of 30, by how many decibels is the intensity level
increased.
(A) 14.5 dB (B) 14.77 dB (C) 14.85 (D) 14.53

8. Find the intensity of sound wave whose frequency is 250 Hz. The displacement amplitude of
particles of the medium at this position is 1 × 10–8 m. The density of the medium is 1 kg/m3,
bulk modulus of elasticity of the medium is 400 N/m2.

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Sound Wave - JEE (Main + Advanced)

Answer Key

Question 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
2 −9
  10
Answer C C C D D B B W/m2
4

SOLUTIONS DPP-03
1. (C)
𝐼 𝑎 2 𝑛 2
𝐼 = 2𝜋 2 𝑎2 𝑛2 𝑣𝜌  𝐼 ∝ 𝑎2 𝑛2  1 = ( 1 ) × ( 1 )
𝐼2 𝑎2 𝑛2
1 2 1 2 𝐼
=( ) ×( ) ⇒ 𝐼2 = 1
2 1/4 4

2. (C)
𝐼1
1 𝑑2 2 5 2 25 (𝑃𝑂𝐴 )
2
Intensity ∝ 2  = ( ) = ( ) = = 2
(Distance) 𝐼2 𝑑1 3 9 (𝑃𝑂𝐵 )
𝑃𝑂𝐴 5
 =
𝑃𝑂𝐵 3

3. (C)
𝑃0𝑤
= 60
𝑃0𝑎
𝑃02
=  Given 𝐼𝑤 = 𝐼𝑎𝑖𝑟
2𝜌𝑉
𝑃20 𝑃20
(2𝜌𝑉) = (2𝜌𝑉)
𝑊𝑎𝑡𝑒𝑟 𝑎𝑖𝑟
2
𝑃0 𝑤𝑎𝑡𝑒𝑟 𝜌𝑊 × 𝑉𝑊
( ) =
𝑃0 𝑎𝑖𝑟 𝜌𝑎𝑖𝑟 × 𝑉𝑎𝑖𝑟

𝑃0𝑤𝑎𝑡𝑒𝑟 𝜌 × 𝑉𝑤 1000 1530

= √𝜌 𝑤 𝑉 = √ 1.25 × 340 = 60
𝑃0𝑎𝑖𝑟 𝑎𝑖𝑟× 𝑎𝑖𝑟

4. (D)
𝐼
By using 𝐿 = 𝑙𝑜𝑔10 𝐼
0
𝐼 𝐼
𝐿2 − 𝐿1 = 𝑙𝑜𝑔10 2 − 𝑙𝑜𝑔10 1
𝐼0 𝐼0
𝐼 𝐼 𝐼
5 − 1 = 𝑙𝑜𝑔10 𝐼2  4 = 𝑙𝑜𝑔10 𝐼2  𝐼2 = 104
1 1 1
𝑎22 𝑎2 102 𝑎 1
 = 10 4
 = 1  𝑎1 = 2
𝑎12 𝑎1 2 10

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Sound Wave - JEE (Main + Advanced)

5. (D)
𝐼
40 = 10 log …(1)
𝐼0
𝑛𝐼
90 = 10 log …(2)
𝐼0
90 – 40 = 10 log n
𝑛 = 105

6. (B)
𝐼 𝐾/𝑟2
𝑑𝐵 = 10 log [ ] = 10 log [ ]
𝐼0 𝐼0
= 10 [log (𝐾′) – 2 log 𝑟]
𝑑𝐵1 = 10 (log 𝐾′ – 2 log 𝑟1)
𝑑𝐵2 = 10 (log 𝐾′ – 2 log 𝑟2 )
𝑟 𝑟 2
3 = 𝑑𝐵1 – 𝑑𝐵2 = 20 log [𝑟2]  (0.3) = log [𝑟2 ]
1 1
𝑟1 1
 ( ) =
𝑟2 √2

7. (B)
Let the initial intensity be  and the intensity level be 𝛽1 and when the intensity is increased by
30 times, the intensity level increases to 𝛽2 .
𝐼
Then 𝛽1 = 10 log (𝐼 )
0
30𝐼
and 𝛽2 = 10 log ( )
𝐼0
Thus, 𝛽2 – 𝛽1 = 10 log (30𝐼/𝐼)
= 10 log 30
= 14.77 dB.

2  10−9
8. W/m2
4
2  10−9
I = 22 A2 f 2  B /  = w / m2
4

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Sound Wave DPP-04

1. Two waves
𝒚𝟏 = 𝑨𝟏 𝐬𝐢𝐧( 𝝎𝒕 − 𝜷𝟏 ), 𝒚𝟐 = 𝑨𝟐 𝐬𝐢𝐧( 𝝎𝒕 − 𝜷𝟐 )

Superimpose to form a resultant wave whose amplitude is

(A) √𝐴12 + 𝐴22 + 2𝐴1 𝐴2 𝑐𝑜𝑠( 𝛽1 − 𝛽2 ) (B) √𝐴12 + 𝐴22 + 2𝐴1 𝐴2 𝑠𝑖𝑛( 𝛽1 − 𝛽2 )
(C) 𝐴1 + 𝐴2 (D) |𝐴1 + 𝐴2 |

2. Equation of motion in the same direction is given by 𝒚𝟏 = 𝑨 𝒔𝒊𝒏( 𝝎𝒕 − 𝒌𝒙), 𝒚𝟐 = 𝑨 𝒔𝒊𝒏( 𝝎𝒕 − 𝒌𝒙 − 𝜽).
The amplitude of the medium particle will be
𝜃 𝜃
(A) 2𝐴 𝑐𝑜𝑠 2 (B) 2𝐴 𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝜃 (C) √2𝐴 𝑐𝑜𝑠 2 (D) None

3. Two waves having equations

𝒙𝟏 = 𝒂 𝒔𝒊𝒏( 𝝎𝒕 + 𝛟𝟏 ), 𝒙𝟐 = 𝒂 𝒔𝒊𝒏( 𝝎𝒕 + 𝛟𝟐 )

If in the resultant wave the frequency and amplitude remain equal to those of
superimposing waves. Then phase difference between them is
𝜋 2𝜋 𝜋 𝜋
(A) (B) (C) (D)
6 3 4 3

4. The two interfering waves have intensities in the ratio 16 : 9. The ratio of intensities of
maxima and minima in the interference pattern will be

(A) 1 : 121 (B) 121 : 1 (C) 9 : 4 (D) 4 : 9

5. Two waves having the intensities in the ratio of 9 : 1 produce interference. The ratio of
maximum to the minimum intensity, is equal to

(A) 2 : 1 (B) 4 : 1 (C) 9 : 1 (D) 10 : 8

6. In the interference of two sources of intensities 𝑰𝟎 and 𝟗𝑰𝟎 the intensity at a point where the
𝝅
phase difference is is-
𝟐
(A) 10 𝐼0 (B) 8 𝐼0 (C) 6 𝐼0 (D) 4 𝐼0

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Sound Wave - JEE (Main + Advanced)

7. Two waves are propagating to the point P along a straight line produced by two sources
A and B of simple harmonic nature and of equal frequency. The amplitude of every wave at P
is ‘a’ the distance AP is greater than BP by 50 cm. Then the resultant amplitude at the point P
will be, if the wavelength is 1 meter

(A) 2a (B) 𝑎√3 (C) 𝑎√2 (D) 0

8. Three coherent source kept along the same line produce intensity I0 each at point P on this
line. When S1 & S2 are switched on simultaneously, intensity at point P is 2I0. When S2 and S3
are switched on simultaneously, intensity at point P is 2I0. Then
(A) When S1 and S3 are switched on simultaneously, intensity at point P can be 2I0
(B) When S1 and S3 are switched on simultaneously, intensity at point P can be 0
(C) When all 3 sources are switched on simultaneously, intensity at point P can be I0
(D) When all 3 sources are switched on simultaneously, intensity at point P can be 3I0

9. A sound consists of four frequencies → 300 Hz, 900 Hz, 2400 Hz and 4500 Hz. A sound ‘filter’
is made by passing this sound through a bifurcated pipe as shown. The sound waves have to
travel a distance of 50 cm more in the right branch-pipe than in the straight pipe. The speed
of sound in air is 300 m/s. Then, which of the following frequencies will be almost
completely muffled or “silenced” at the outlet?

(A) 300 Hz (B) 900 Hz (C) 2400 Hz (D) 4500 Hz

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Answer Key

Question 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
Answer A A B B B A D BC ABD

SOLUTIONS DPP-04

1. (A)

Phase difference between the two waves is

𝜙 = (𝜔𝑡 − 𝛽2 ) − (𝜔𝑡 − 𝛽1 ) = (𝛽1 − 𝛽2 )

 Resultant amplitude 𝐴 = √𝐴12 + 𝐴22 + 2𝐴1 𝐴2 𝑐𝑜𝑠( 𝛽1 − 𝛽2 )

2. (A)

The resultant amplitude is given by

𝐴𝑅 = √𝐴2 + 𝐴2 + 2𝐴𝐴 𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝜃 = √2𝐴2 (1 + 𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝜃)

= 2𝐴 𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝜃 /2

3. (B)

Superposition of waves does not alter the frequency of resultant wave and resultant amplitude

 𝑎2 = 𝑎2 + 𝑎2 + 2𝑎2 𝑐𝑜𝑠 ϕ = 2𝑎2 (1 + 𝑐𝑜𝑠 ϕ)

 𝑐𝑜𝑠 ϕ = −1/2 = 𝑐𝑜𝑠 2 𝜋/3ϕ = 2𝜋/3

4. (B)
2 2
𝐼 16
𝐼𝑚𝑎𝑥 √𝐼1 +1 √ +1 121
9
= ( √𝐼 2 ) = ( ) =
𝐼𝑚𝑖𝑛 1 16
√ −1 1
−1
√𝐼2 9

5. (B)
2 2
√𝐼1 9
( +1) (√1+1)
𝐼𝑚𝑎𝑥 √𝐼2 4
= 2 = 2 =
𝐼𝑚𝑖𝑛 √𝐼 9 1
( 1 −1) (√1−1)
√𝐼2

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6. (A)

𝐼𝑅 = 𝐼1 + 𝐼2 + 2√𝐼1 𝐼2 𝑐𝑜𝑠 (ϕ)

7. (D)
1
Path difference (𝛥𝑥) = 50𝑐𝑚 = 2 𝑚

2𝜋 2𝜋 1
∴ Phase difference Δϕ = 𝜆 × Δ𝑥 ⇒ ϕ = 1 × 2 = 𝜋

 𝐴 = √𝑎2 + 𝑎2 + 2𝑎2 𝑐𝑜𝑠( 𝜋) = 0

8. (BC)
For S1 and S2
I = I0 + I0 + 2I0cos1
For S2 and S3,
I = I0 + I0 + 2I0cos2
S2

Thus,
S3 S1

9. (ABD)
V=f

x = for minima, n = 1, 3, 5...
2
50  10−2  2  f f
n= =
v v
For f = 300, n = 1
For f = 900, n = 3
For f = 2400, n = 8
For f = 4500, n = 15

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Sound Wave DPP-05

1. Beats are the result of-

(A) Diffraction
(B) Destructive interference
(C) Constructive and destructive interference
(D) Superposition of two waves of nearly equal frequency

2. A tuning fork of frequency 100 when sounded together with another tuning fork of
unknown frequency produces 2 beats per second. On loading the tuning fork whose
frequency is not known and sounded together with a tuning fork of frequency 100 produces
one beat, then the frequency of the other tuning fork is
(A) 102 (B) 98 (C) 99 (D) 101

3. Two tuning forks when sounded together produced 4 beats/sec. The frequency of one fork
is 256. The number of beats heard increases when the fork of frequency 256 is loaded with
wax. The frequency of the other fork is
(A) 504 (B) 520 (C) 260 (D) 252

4. A tuning fork whose frequency as given by manufacturer is 512 Hz is being tested with an
accurate oscillator. It is found that the fork produces a beat of 2 Hz when oscillator reads
514 Hz but produces a beat of 6 Hz when oscillator reads 510 Hz. The actual frequency of
fork is
(A) 508 Hz (B) 512 Hz (C) 516 Hz (D) 518 Hz

5. A tuning fork gives 5 beats with another tuning fork of frequency 100 Hz. When the first
tuning fork is loaded with wax, then the number of beats remains unchanged, then what will
be the frequency of the first tuning fork
(A) 95 Hz (B) 100 Hz (C) 105 Hz (D) 110 Hz

6. Two strings X and Y of a sitar produce a beat frequency 4 Hz. When the tension of the string
Y is slightly increased the beat frequency is found to be 2 Hz. If the frequency of X is 300 Hz,
then the original frequency of Y was
(A) 296 Hz (B) 298 Hz (C) 302 Hz (D) 304 Hz

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Sound Wave - JEE (Main + Advanced)

7. The frequency of tuning forks A and B are respectively 3% more and 2% less than the
frequency of tuning fork C. When A and B are simultaneously excited, 5 beats per second are
produced. Then the frequency of the tuning fork 'A' (in Hz) is
(A) 98 (B) 100 (C) 103 (D) 105

8. Two waves of wave lengths 50 cm and 51 cm produced 12 beats per second. The velocity of
sound is
(A) 306 m/s (B) 331 m/s (C) 340 m/s (D) 360 m/s

9. Two tuning forks of frequency 250 Hz and 256 Hz produce beats. If a maximum of intensity
is observed just now, after how much time the minimum is observed at the same place ?
1 1 1 1
(A) sec (B) sec. (C) sec. (D) sec.
18 4 3 12

Paragraph for Question No. 10 to 13

A source emitting a sound wave at a certain frequency moves with constant speed along an
x-axis figure (a). The source moves directly towards a stationary detector A and directly
away from another stationary detector B. The superimposed three plots of figure (b) indicate
the pressure function P(x) of the sound wave as measured by detector A, by detector B, and
by someone (c) in the rest frame of the source.

10. Which of the following plot corresponds to the measurement done by detector A?
(A) 1 (B) 2 (C) 3 (D) These plots are not possible

11. The plot corresponding to the measurement done by detector B is

(A) 1 (B) 2 (C) 3 (D) These plots are not possible

12. The plot corresponding to the measurement done by the detector C is

(A) 1 (B) 2 (C) 3 (D) These plots are not possible

13. Now the source stops and begins to move along y-axis with same speed, the plot which
corresponds to the measurement of B now is
(A) 1 (B) 2 (C) 3 (D) none of these

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Paragraph for Question No. 14 to 16

A block of mass m is placed on a smooth horizontal floor is attached to one end of spring.
The other end of the spring is attached to fixed support. When spring is vertical it is relaxed.
Now the block is pulled towards right by a force F, which is being increased gradually. When
the spring makes angle 53° with the vertical, block leaves the floor.

14. When blocks leaves the table, the normal force on it from table is
4mg 3mg
(A) mg (B) zero (C) (D)
3 4

15. Force constant of the spring is :-

5mg 15mg 5mg 5mg
(A) (B) (C) (D)
2 8 3 4

16. When the block leaves the table, the force F is :-

3mg 4mg 3mg 4mg
(A) (B) (C) (D)
4 3 5 5

17. A tuning fork of frequency 480 Hz resonates with a tube closed at one end of length, 16 cm
and diameter 5 cm in fundamental mode. Calculate velocity of sound in air.

18. A stretched uniform wire of a sonometer between two fixed knife edges, when vibrates in its
second harmonic gives 1 beat per second with a vibrating tuning fork of frequency 200 Hz.
Find the percentage change in the tension of the wire to be in unison with the tuning fork.

19. A, B and C are three tuning forks. Frequency of A is 350Hz. Beats produced by A and B are 5
per second and by B and C are 4 per second. When a wax is put on A beat frequency
between A and B is 2Hz and between A and C is 6Hz. Then, find the frequency of B and C
respectively.

20. A source of sound of frequency 256 Hz is moving rapidly towards wall with a velocity of
5 m/sec. How many beats per second will be heard if sound travels at a speed of 330 m/sec?

21. Two tuning forks with natural frequencies of 340 Hz each move relative to a stationary
observer. One fork moves away from the observer, while the other moves towards him at
the same speed. The observer hears beats of frequency 3 Hz. Find the speed of the tuning
fork (assume vsound = 340 m/s)

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Sound Wave - JEE (Main + Advanced)

Answer Key

Question 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
Answer D A C C C A C A BD A B C D B A
Question 16 17 18 19 20 21
Answer B 336 m/s 1% 345, 341 or 349 Hz 8 1.5 m/s

SOLUTIONS DPP-05
1. (D)
Beat is the phenomenon of interference of two nearly same frequency sound wave.

2. (A)
Suppose 𝑛𝐴 = known frequency = 100 𝐻𝑧, 𝑛𝐵 = ?
𝑥 = 2 = Beat frequency, which is decreasing after loading (i.e. x)
Unknown tuning fork is loaded so 𝑛𝐵 
Hence 𝑛𝐴 − 𝑛𝐵  = 𝑥 ...(i) Wrong
𝑛𝐵  – 𝑛𝐴 = 𝑥 ...(ii) Correct
 𝑛𝐵 = 𝑛𝐴 + 𝑥 = 100 + 2 = 102 𝐻𝑧.

3. (C)
Suppose two tuning forks are named A and B with frequencies 𝑛𝐴 = 256𝐻𝑧 (known),
𝑛𝐵 =? (unknown), and beat frequency 𝑥 = 4 bps.

Known Unknown
nA nB
A x bps A

Frequency of unknown tuning fork may be

𝑛𝐵 = 256 + 4 = 260𝐻𝑧
or = 256 − 4 = 252𝐻𝑧
It is given that on sounding waxed fork A (fork of frequency 256 Hz) and fork B, number of beats
(beat frequency) increases. It means that with decrease in frequency of A, the difference in new
frequency of A and the frequency of B has increased. This is possible only when the frequency of A
while decreasing is moving away from the frequency of B.
This is possible only if 𝑛𝐵 = 260 Hz.
Alternate method : It is given 𝑛𝐴 = 256𝐻𝑧, 𝑛𝐵 = ? and 𝑥 = 4 bps
Also after loading A (i.e. 𝑛𝐴 ), beat frequency (i.e. x) increases ().
Apply these information’s in two possibilities to known the frequency of unknown tuning fork.
𝑛𝐴  – 𝑛𝐵 = x ...(i)
𝑛𝐵 – 𝑛𝐴  = x ...(ii)
It is obvious that equation (i) is wrong (ii) is correct so
𝑛𝐵 = 𝑛𝐴 + 𝑥 = 256 + 4 = 260 Hz.

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Sound Wave - JEE (Main + Advanced)

4. (C)
The tuning fork whose frequency is being tested produces 2 beats with oscillator at 514 Hz,
therefore, frequency of tuning fork may either be 512 or 516. With oscillator frequency 510 it gives
6 beats/sec, therefore frequency of tuning fork may be either 516 or 504.
Therefore, the actual frequency is 516 Hz which gives 2 beats/sec with 514 Hz and 6 beats/sec with
510 Hz.

5. (C)
Suppose 𝑛𝐴 = known frequency = 100 𝐻𝑧, 𝑛𝐵 = ?
x = 5 bps, which remains unchanged after loading
Unknown tuning fork is loaded so 𝑛𝐵 
Hence 𝑛𝐴 – 𝑛𝐵  = x ...(i)
𝑛𝐵  – 𝑛𝐴 = x ...(ii)
From equation (i), it is clear that as 𝑛𝐵 decreases, beat frequency. (𝑖. 𝑒. 𝑛𝐴 – (𝑛𝐵 )𝑛𝑒𝑤 ) can never be 𝑥
again.
From equation (ii), as 𝑛𝐵 , beat frequency (i.e. (𝑛𝐵 )𝑛𝑒𝑤 − 𝑛𝐴 ) decreases as long as (𝑛𝐵 )𝑛𝑒𝑤 remains
greater than 𝑛𝐴 , If (𝑛𝐵 )𝑛𝑒𝑤 become lesser than 𝑛𝐴 the beat frequency will increase again and will be
𝑥. Hence this is correct.
So, 𝑛𝐵 = 𝑛𝐴 + x = 100 + 5 = 105 Hz.

6. (A)
𝑛𝑥 = 300𝐻𝑧, 𝑛𝑦 = ?
𝑥 = beat frequency = 4 Hz, which is decreasing (4 → 2)
after increasing the tension of the string 𝑦.
Also tension of wire y increasing so 𝑛𝑦 ↑ (∵ 𝑛 ∝ √𝑇)
Hence 𝑛𝑥 − 𝑛𝑦 ↓= 𝑥 ↓ Correct
𝑛𝑦 ↑ −𝑛𝑥 = 𝑥 ↓ Wrong
 𝑛𝑦 = 𝑛𝑥 − 𝑥 = 300 − 4 = 296𝐻𝑧

7. (C)
Let n be the frequency of fork C then
3𝑛 103𝑛 2𝑛 98𝑛
𝑛𝐴 = 𝑛 + 100 = 100 and 𝑛𝐵 = 𝑛 − 100 = 100
5𝑛
but 𝑛𝐴 − 𝑛𝐵 = 5  100 = 5  𝑛 = 100𝐻𝑧
(103)(100)
 𝑛𝐴 = = 103𝐻𝑧
100

8. (A)
𝑣 𝑣 𝑣 𝑣
𝑛1 = 𝜆 = 0.50 and 𝑛2 = 𝜆 = 0.51
1 2
1 1
Δ𝑛 = 𝑛1 − 𝑛2 = 𝑣 [ − ] = 12
0.50 0.51
12×0.51×0.50
 𝑣= 0.01
= 306 𝑚/𝑠

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Sound Wave - JEE (Main + Advanced)

9. (BD)
1
Time different b/w maximum and minimum is sec.
12
1
First minimum = sec.
12
1 1 1 1
Second minimum = + + = sec.
12 12 12 4
1 5
Third minimum = 5  = sec.
12 12

10. (A)
Frequency detected by A is maximum. (Greater than Original frequency)

11. (B)
Frequency detected by B is minimum. (Less than original frequency)

12. (C)
Frequency detected by C is the original frequency.

13. (D)
Frequency detected by B now will be different from all three detectors. In previous case. Plot will
be different.

14. (B)

x
53° 53°


5 2
Extension in spring = − =
3 3
3
kx' cos 53 = mg =
x 5
2 3 5
k  = mg =x
3 5 3
5mg
k=
2

15. (A)
Questions is not from sound wave.

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Sound Wave - JEE (Main + Advanced)

16. (B)
F = kx'sin 53
5mg 2 4
F= 
2 3 5
4mg
F=
3

17. (336 m/s)

 e = 0.6r 
V = f  = +e  
4 = 0.3D 
= 480 (4l + 4 × 0.3D)
= 336 m/s.

18. (1%)
1
f= T /

dT df
 100 = 2.  100.
T f
f = 199 or 201
df =1
dT
 100  1%
T

19. (345, 341 or 349 Hz)

fA = 350 Hz, Beat freq. (A and B) = 5 Hz.
After wax on A B.f. decreases between A and B.
therefore fB = 345.
After wax fA = 347 Hz.
349
fc 
341
But with A (after wax)
Produces. 6 Beats / sec.
Therefore fc = 341 Hz.

20. (8)
2V Vsf
B. f . = f2 − f1 = = 3.
v2 − vs 2
If v >> vs
3 V
Vs =  = 1.5 m / s
2 t

21. (1.5 m/s)

v v
f1 = f , f2 = f
v + vs v − vs

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Sound Wave DPP-06

1. If 𝝀𝟏 , 𝝀𝟐 , 𝝀𝟑 are the wavelengths of the waves giving resonance in the fundamental, first and
second overtone modes respectively in a open organ pipe, then the ratio of the
wavelengths 𝝀𝟏 : 𝝀𝟐 : 𝝀𝟑 is :

(A) 1 : 2 : 3 (B) 1 : 3 : 5 (C) 1 : 1/2 : 1/3 (D) 1 : 1/3 : 1/5

2. The fundamental frequency of a closed organ pipe is same as the first overtone frequency of
an open pipe. If the length of open pipe is 50 cm, the length of closed pipe is

(A) 25 cm (B) 12.5 cm (C) 100 cm (D) 200 cm

3. A tube of diameter d and of length 𝓵 unit is open at both the ends. Its fundamental frequency of
resonance is found to be 𝒗𝟏 . The velocity of sound in air is 330 m/sec. One end of tube is now
closed. The lowest frequency of resonance of tube is now 𝒗𝟐 . Taking into consideration the end
𝝂𝟐
correction, is
𝝂𝟏

(ℓ+0.6×𝑑) 1 (ℓ+0.3×𝑑) 1 (ℓ+0.6×𝑑) 1 (𝑑+0.3ℓ)

(A) (B) (C) (D)
(ℓ+0.3×𝑑) 2 (ℓ+0.6×𝑑) 2 (ℓ+0.3×𝑑) 2 (𝑑+0.6ℓ)

4. The second overtone of an open pipe A and a closed pipe B have the same frequencies. The
ratio of fundamental frequency of A to the fundamental frequency of B is:

(A) 3 : 5 (B) 5 : 3 (C) 5 : 6 (D) 6 : 5

5. A resonance tube is resonated with tuning fork of frequency 256 Hz. If the length of first and
second resonating air columns are 32 cm and 100 cm, then end correction will be

(A) 1 cm (B) 2 cm (C) 4 cm (D) 6 cm

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6. An organ pipe 𝑷𝟏 closed at one end vibrating in its first harmonic and another pipe 𝑷𝟐 open
at ends vibrating in its third harmonic are in resonance with a given tuning fork. The ratio of
the length of 𝑷𝟏 to that of 𝑷𝟐 is:
(A) 8/3 (B) 3/8 (C) 1/6 (D) 1/3

7. In an experiment to measure the speed of sound by a resonating air column, a tuning fork of
frequency 500 Hz is used. The length of the air column is varied by changing the level of
water in the resonance tube. Two successive resonances are heard at air columns of length
50.7 cm and 83.9 cm. Which of the following statements is (are) true ?
(A) The speed of sound determined from this experiment is 332 𝑚𝑠 –1
(B) The end correction in this experiment is 0.9 cm
(C) The wavelength of the sound wave is 66.4 cm
(D) The resonance at 51.7 cm corresponds to the fundamental harmonic

8. Two organ pipes, each closed at one end, gives 5 beats per sec, when emitting their
fundamental notes. If their lengths are in the ratio of 50 : 51, their fundamental frequencies
(in Hz) are -
(A) 255, 250 (B) 255, 260 (C) 260, 265 (D) 265, 270

9. In an organ pipe the distance between the adjacent nodes is 4 cm. Find the frequency of
source if speed of sound in air is 336 m/s
(A) 4.2 kHz (B) 5.2 kHz (C) 6 kHz (D) 8 kHz

10. Two adjacent resonance frequencies of an open organ pipe are 1800 and 2100 Hz. Find the
length of the tube. The speed of sound in air is 330 m/s.
(A) 50 cm (B) 60 cm (C) 75 cm (D) 55 cm

11. Two identical tubes A and B are kept in air and water respectively as shown. If the
fundamental frequency of A is 𝒇𝟎 , then the fundamental frequency of B is

𝑓0 𝑓0
(A) (B) (C) 𝑓0 (D) 2𝑓0
4 2

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Paragraph for Question No. 12 to 14

In an organ pipe (may be closed or open) of length 1m standing wave is setup, whose
2
equation for longitudinal displacement is given by  = (0.1 mm) cos (y) cos (400) t where
0.8
y is measured from the top of the tube in meters and t in second.

12. The upper end and the lower ends of the tube are respectively:
(A) open – closed (B) closed – open (C) open – open (D) closed – closed

13. The air column is vibrating in

(A) First overtone (B) Second overtone (C) Third harmonic (D) Fundamental mode

14. Equation of the standing wave in terms of excess pressure is (Bulk modulus of air B = 5 × 105
N/m2)
2 2
(A) Pex = (125 N/m2) sin (y) cos (400 t) (B) Pex = (125  N/m2) cos (y) sin (400 t)
0.8 0.8
2 2
(C) Pex = (225 N/m2) sin (y) cos (200 t) (D) Pex = (225 N/m2) cos (y) sin (200 t)
0.8 0.8

15. The first overtone of a pipe closed at one end resonates with the third harmonic of a string
fixed at its ends. The ratio of the speed of sound to the speed of transverse wave travelling
on the string is 2 :1. Find the ratio of the length of pipe to the length of string.

16. In a resonance-column experiment, a long tube, open at the top, is clamped vertically. By a
separate device, water level inside the tube can be moved up or down. The section of the
tube from the open end to the water level act as a closed organ pipe. A vibrating tuning fork
is held above the open end, first and the second resonances occur when the water level is
24.1 cm and 74.1 cm respectively below the open end. Find the diameter of the tube.

17. An open organ pipe filled with air has a fundamental frequency 500Hz. The first harmonic of
another organ pipe closed at one end and filled with carbon dioxide has the same frequency
as that of the first harmonic of the open organ pipe. Calculate the length of each pipe.
Assume that the velocity of sound in air and in carbondioxide to be 330 and 264 m/s
respectively.

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Sound Wave - JEE (Main + Advanced)

18. A steel rod having a length of 1 m is fastened at its middle. Assuming young’s modulus to
be2  1011 Pa, and density to be 8 gm/cm3 find the fundamental frequency of the
longitudinal vibration and frequency of first overtone.

19. Two narrow cylindrical pipes A and B have the same length. Pipe A is open at both ends and is
filled with a monoatomic gas of molar mass MA. Pipe B is open at one end and closed at the
other end, and is filled with a diatomic gas of molar mass MB. Both gases are at the same
temperature.
(a) If the frequency of the second harmonic of the fundamental mode in pipe A is equal to the
frequency of the third harmonic of the fundamental mode in pipe B, determine the value of
MA/MB.
(b) Now the open end of pipe B is also closed (so that the pipe is closed at both ends). Find the ratio
of the fundamental frequency in pipe A to that in pipe B.

20. A tube of a certain diameter and of length 48 cm is open at both ends. Its fundamental
frequency of resonance is found to be 320 Hz. The velocity of sound in air is 320m/sec.
Estimate the diameter of the tube.

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Sound Wave - JEE (Main + Advanced)

Answer Key

Question 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
Answer C B C B B C ABC A A D C A B A 1:1
Question 16 17 18 19 20
Answer 3 33 cm and 13.2 cm 2.5 kHz, 7.5 kHz (a) 2.116, (b) 3/4 3.33 cm

SOLUTIONS DPP-06

1. (C)

𝑛1 ∶ 𝑛2 ∶ 𝑛3 = 1 : 2 : 3
𝑉 𝑉 𝑉
∶ ∶ = 1:2:3
𝜆1 𝜆2 𝜆3

1 1
𝜆1 ∶ 𝜆2 ∶ 𝜆3 = 1 ∶ 2 ∶ 3

2. (B)

Closed Open

𝑉 𝑉
=
4ℓ1 ℓ2

ℓ2 = 4ℓ1

ℓ 50
ℓ1 = 42 = 4 = 12.5 cm

3. (C)

𝜆1 𝑉
= ℓ + 0.6d, 𝑣1 =
2 𝜆1

𝜆2 𝑉
= ℓ + 0.3d, 𝑣2 =
4 𝜆2

𝜐2 2×(ℓ+0.6𝑑) (ℓ+0.6𝑑)
= =
𝜐1 4×(ℓ+0.3𝑑) 2×(ℓ+0.3𝑑)

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4. (B)
3𝑉
Second overtone of open pipe =
2ℓ1
5𝑉
second overtone of closed pipe =
4ℓ2
Since, these frequencies are same
3𝑉 5𝑉 ℓ1 4×3 6
 = ⇒ = =
2ℓ1 4ℓ2 ℓ2 2×5 5
𝑉
ƒ1 2ℓ2
Now, the ratio of fundamental frequencies:
2ℓ1
= 𝑉 ⇒
ƒ2 ℓ1
4ℓ2

= 10 : 6 = 5 : 3

5. (B)
𝜆
= ℓ+e ......(1)
4
3𝜆
= ℓ2 + e .......(2)
4
from (1) and (2) e = 2 cm

6. (C)

𝜈
𝑣 = 4ℓ for first harmonic
1
3𝜈
𝑣 = 2ℓ for third harmonic
2
𝜈 3𝜈 ℓ1 1
 = ⇒ =
4ℓ1 2ℓ2 ℓ2 6

7. (ABC)
𝜆
(2n + 1) = 50.7 cm +e
4
𝜆
(2n + 3) = 83.9 cm +e
4
using n = 1e = – 0.9 cm
 = 66.4 cm
v = f  = 332 m/s

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8. (A)
𝑣 𝑣
− =5
4ℓ1 4ℓ2
𝑣 1 1
or ( − )=5
4 50 51
𝑣 5×50×51
=
4 1
𝑣 5×50×51
 𝑣1 = = = 255 Hz
4ℓ1 50
𝑣 5×50×51
 𝑣2 = = = 250 Hz
4ℓ2 51

9. (A)
𝜆
= 4 × 10–2 m ;  = 8 × 10–2 m
2

Nod Nod
e e

𝑉 336
n= = = 4200 Hz = 4.2 KHz
𝜆 8×10−2

10. (D)
𝑉
n = = (2100 – 1800)
2ℓ
330 330×100
ℓ = 2(300) 𝑚 = 2×300 cm = 55 cm

11. (C)
Now the tube becomes a closed pipe with length ℓ/2.
𝑣 𝑣
fundamental frequency of 𝐵 = sound = sound
4(ℓ/2) 2ℓ

which is fundamental frequency of A.

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12. (A)
y = 0 for upper end.
2
Amplitude = (0.1 nm) cos y.
0.8

y = 1 for lower end.

13. (B)

 = 0.8  n. = 1
4
4
n= = 5 → second overtone.
0.8

14. (A)
2
 = BKS0 = 5  105   0.1  10−3 = 125 N / m2
0.8

Phase change of in location of Nodes and antinodes.
2

15. (1 : 1)

3Vs 3V p Vs
=  = =1
4 p 2 s s 2V

16. (3 cm)

= 1 + e.
4
3
= 2 + e.
4

= 2 − 1
2

 = 2( 2 − 1 )   = 2(74.1 − 24.1) 
Vs = f   = 1m.


→e = − 1 = 0.9 cm.
4
→ e = 0.3D = 0.9

→ D = 3cm.

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17. (33 cm and 13.2 cm)

Vair VCO2 2 Vair 2  330
=  1
= =
2 1 42 2 VCO2 264

330
1 = = 33 cm
2  500
33  264
2 = = 13.2 cm
2  330

18. (2.5 kHz, 7.5 kHz)

1 
f0 = = 2.5KHz
2 s
3 
f= = 7.5 KHz
2 s

19. (a) 2.116, (b) 3/4

2 5/3RT Pipe A
(a) F1 = 
2L MA Monoatomic gas

3 7 /5RT
F2 = Pipe B
4L MB
Diatomic gas
F1 = F2 (given)
1 5RT 3 7RT
 =
L 3M A 4L 5MB
5 9 7
= 
3M A 16 5MB
M A 5  5  16 400
= = = 2.116
M B 3  9  7 189

(b) If pipe B is closed

1 7RT
FB =
2L 5MB

1 5RT
FA =
2L 3M A

FA 5 5 MB 25 189 3
=   =  =
FB 3 7 MA 27 400 4

20. (3.33 cm)

1
320 =  320  0.96 + 4e = 1
2(0.48 + 2e )
e = 1 cm = 0.3 D
D = 3.33 cm

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Sound Wave DPP-07

1. A whistle emitting a sound of frequency 440 Hz is tied to a string of 1.5 m length and rotated
with an angular velocity of 20 rad 𝒔−𝟏 in the horizontal plane. Calculate the range of
frequencies heard by an observer stationed at a large distance from the whistle in same
horizontal plane. (𝒗𝐬𝐨𝐮𝐧𝐝 = 𝟑𝟑𝟎 𝒎/𝒔)

(A) 403.33 Hz to 484 Hz (B) 203.33 Hz to 284 Hz

(C) 403.33 Hz to 284 Hz (D) 203.33 Hz to 484 Hz

2. A sound wave of wavelength  travels towards the right horizontally with a velocity v. It
strikes and reflects from a vertical plane surface, travelling at acceleration a starting from
rest. The number of positive crests striking in a time interval of 5 sec on the wall is
5𝑎 5𝑎
(𝑣+ ) (𝑣– )
2 2
(A) 5 𝜆
(B) 5 𝜆
(C) 5v/  (D) (v – 5a) /5

3. A person P is 600 m away from the station when train is approaching station with 72 km/h, it
blows a whistle of frequency 800 Hz when 800 m away from the station. Find the frequency
heard by the person. Speed of sound = 340 𝒎𝒔–𝟏 .
A
800 m
S

600 m

(A) 800 Hz (B) 839.5 Hz (C) 829.5 Hz (D) 843.5 Hz

4. A band playing music at a frequency 𝒇 is moving towards a wall at a speed 𝒗𝒃 . A motorist is

following the band with a speed 𝒗𝒎 . If v is the speed of sound, obtain an expression for the
beat frequency heard by the motorist.
𝑉 (𝑉+𝑉𝑚) 2𝑉𝑏(𝑉+𝑉𝑚) 4𝑉𝑏(𝑉+𝑉𝑚) 8𝑉𝑏(𝑉+𝑉𝑚 )
(A) 𝑓𝑏 = 𝑏 2 2 𝑓 (B) 𝑓𝑏 = 2 2 𝑓 (C)𝑓𝑏 = 2 2 𝑓 (D) 𝑓𝑏 = 2 2 𝑓
𝑉 −𝑉𝑏 𝑉 −𝑉𝑏 𝑉 −𝑉𝑏 𝑉 −𝑉𝑏

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5. A police car moving at 22m/s chases a motorcyclist. The police man sounds his horn at 176 Hz,
while both of them move towards a stationary siren of frequency 165 Hz. Calculate the speed of
the motorcycle. If it is given that the motorcyclist does not observe any beats: (Given 𝒗𝒔 = 320
m/s)
Police car Motorcycle

Stationary
22m/s, 176 Hz V Siren
(165 Hz)

(A) 33 m/s (B) 22 m/s (C) zero (D) 11m/s

6. A source of sound producing sound of frequency 100 Hz is moving towards a wall with
velocity 20 m/s as shown. If 𝑶𝟏 and 𝑶𝟐 are two stationary observers and beat frequencies
heard by them are 𝒇𝟏 and 𝒇𝟐 respectively between sound directly from source and sound
reflected from wall. Then : (Assume velocity of sound to be 330 m/s)

O1 S O2

wall

(A) 𝑓1 = 0 𝐻𝑧 (B) 𝑓2 = 0 𝐻𝑧 (C) 𝑓1 > 𝑓2 (D) 𝑓1 < 𝑓2

7. Which of the following graphs represents a plot of the frequency 𝒇′ of a sound wave
perceived by a stationary observer versus the speed 𝒗𝒔 of the source approaching towards
him?
f f

(A) (B)

v vs v vs

f f

(C) (D)

v vs v vs

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8. A car has front- and back-directed speakers mounted on its roof, and drives toward you with
a speed of 50 ft/s, as shown in Fig.

If the speakers are driven by a 1000 Hz oscillator, what beat frequency will you hear between
the direct sound and the echo off a brick building behind the car? (Take the speed of sound
as 1000 ft/s.)

(A) 100 Hz (B) 50 Hz (C) 25 Hz (D) 60 Hz

9. A stationary sound source S of frequency 334 Hz and a stationary observer O are placed near
reflecting surface moving away from the source with velocity 2m/s as shown in figure.
Velocity of sound waves in air v = 330 m/s. The apparent frequency of echo is –

OS
2 m/s

(A) 332 Hz (B) 326 Hz (C) 334 Hz (D) 330 Hz

10. A police car with a siren of frequency 8 kHz is moving with uniform velocity 36 km/hr
towards a tall building which reflects the sound waves. The speed of sound in air is 320 m/s.
The frequency of the siren heard by the car driver is

(A) 8.50 kHz (B) 8.25 kHz (C) 7.75 kHz (D) 7.50 kHz

11. A car moves towards a hill with speed vc. It blows a horn of frequency f which is heard by an
observer following the car with speed v0. The speed of sound in air is v.
v
(A) the wavelength of sound reaching the hill is
f
v − vc
(B) the wavelength of sound reaching the hill is
f
 v + vo 
(C) the beat frequency observed by the observer is  f
 v − vc 
(D) the beat frequency observed by the observer is 2vc (2v + v2o ) f
v − vc

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12. Two tuning forks A and B lying on opposite sides of observer ‘O’ and of natural frequency
85 Hz move with velocity 10 m/s relative to stationary observer O. Fork A moves away from
the observer while the fork B moves towards him. A wind with a speed 10 m/s is blowing in
the direction of motion of fork A. Find the beat frequency measured by the observer in Hz.
[Take speed of sound in air as 340 m/s]

13. A car is moving towards a huge wall with a speed = c/10 , where c = speed of sound in still
air. A wind is also blowing parallel to the velocity of the car in the same direction and with
the same speed. If the car sounds a horn of frequency f, then what is the frequency of the
reflected sound of the horn heard by driver of the car?

14. A plane sound wave of frequency f0 and wavelength 0 travels horizontally toward the right.
It strikes and is reflected from a large, rigid, vertical plane surface, perpendicular to the
direction of propagation of the wave and moving towards the left with a speed v.
(a) How many positive wave crests strike the surface in a time interval t ?
(b) At the end of this time interval, how far to the left of the surface is the wave that was reflected
at the beginning of the time interval ?
(c) What is the wavelength of the reflected waves, in terms of 0 ?
(d) What is the frequency, in terms of f0 ?
(e) A listener is at rest at the left of the moving surface. Describe the sensation of sound that he
hears as a result of the combined effect of the incident and reflected wave trains.

15. A bus is moving towards a huge wall with a velocity of 5 ms–1. The driver sounds a horn of
frequency 200 Hz. The frequency of the beats heard by a passenger of the bus will be..... Hz
(speed of sound in air = 342 ms–1)

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Answer Key

Question 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
 v +  0 f0  6Hz
(a)   t (b) ( 0 f0 − v ) t
 0 
  0 f0 − v    0 f0 + v 
Answer A A B B B C A A D A BD 5 11f/9 (c) 0   (d) f0  
  0 f0 + v    0 f0 − v 
2vf0
(e)
 0 f0 − v

SOLUTIONS DPP-07

1. (A)

𝑉𝑠 = Speed of source (whistle) = R

= (1.5) (20) m/s

𝑉𝑠 = 30 m/s

P Vs
O

Maximum frequency will be heard by the observer O in position P of whistle and minimum in
position Q of whistle. Now–
𝑉
𝑓𝑚𝑎𝑥 = 𝑓 (𝑉−𝑉 ) where V = Speed of sound in air = 330 m/s
𝑠

330
= (440) (330−30) 𝐻𝑧

𝑓𝑚𝑎𝑥 = 484 𝐻𝑧
𝑉 330
and 𝑓𝑚𝑖𝑛 = 𝑓 (𝑉+𝑉 ) = (440) (330+30)
𝑠

𝑓𝑚𝑖𝑛 = 403.33 𝐻𝑧

Therefore, range of frequencies heard by observer is from 403.33 Hz to 484 Hz.

2. (A)
1
 Distance covered = v.5 + 𝑎. 52 = 5[𝑣 + (5𝑎/2)]
2

∵ Number of positive crests striking per second is same as the frequency.

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3. (B)
𝑣 340
𝑓𝑎𝑝𝑝 = 𝑣 –𝑣 𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝜃 𝑓 = 340 – 16 × 800 = 839.5
𝑠
vs


v scos

4. (B)

.....(1)

.....(2)
Frequency received in case 1
𝑉+𝑉 𝑉+𝑉
𝑓1 = 𝑓 ( 𝑉+𝑉𝑚 ) [using 𝑓′ = 𝑓 ( 𝑉+𝑉𝑚)]
𝑏 𝑏
𝑉+𝑉𝑚
and in case 2 𝑓2 = 𝑓 ( )
𝑉−𝑉𝑏
Obviously 𝑓2 > 𝑓1
𝑉+𝑉𝑚 𝑉+𝑉
 Beat frequency 𝑓𝑏 = 𝑓2 – 𝑓1 = 𝑓 ( ) – 𝑓 ( 𝑚)
𝑉−𝑉𝑏 𝑉+𝑉𝑏
2𝑉𝑏 (𝑉+𝑉𝑚 )
or 𝑓𝑏 = 𝑓
𝑉 2 −𝑉𝑏 2

5. (B)
As no beats 𝑓1 = 𝑓2
330−𝑣0 330+𝑣0
176 ( ) = 165 ( )
330−22 330
𝑣0 = 22𝑚/ 𝑠𝑒𝑐

6. (C)
𝑣
𝑓𝑎𝑝 . = (𝑣−𝑣 ) 𝑓𝑟𝑒𝑎𝑙 , when source is moving towards observer
𝑆
𝑣
and 𝑓𝑎𝑝 = (𝑣+𝑣 ) 𝑓𝑟𝑒𝑎𝑙 , when source is moving away from observer
𝑆

and 𝑓𝑏𝑒𝑎𝑡 = 𝑓1 ~ 𝑓2

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7. (A)
𝑣
𝑓′ = 𝑓 (𝑣−𝑣 )
𝑠
𝑓′ = 𝑓 as 𝑣𝑠 = 0
and 𝑓′ →  as 𝑣𝑠 = 𝑣
So, graph (A) is the correct answer.

8. (A)
The sound from the back-directed speaker has Doppler frequency
𝑐
𝑓𝑏 = ( )𝑓
𝑐+𝑣
Where c and v are the speeds of sound and the car respectively, and  is the frequency of the
sound emitted. As the wall is stationary with respect to the observer, 𝑣𝑏 is also the frequency as
heard by the latter. The sound from the front-directed speaker has Doppler frequency
𝑐
𝑓𝑓 = (𝑐−𝑣) 𝑓

Hence the beat frequency is

1 1 2𝑣𝑐𝜈 2𝑓𝑣
𝑓𝑓 – 𝑓𝑏 = 𝐶𝑓 (𝑐−𝑣 − 𝑐+𝑣) = 2 2 ≈ 𝑐 = 100𝐻𝑧
𝑐 −𝑣

9. (D)
In wall frame

V V
VO = VW V V Vs
VS =VW

𝑉 –𝑉 330 – 2
𝐹𝑒𝑐ℎ𝑜 = 𝑓𝑎𝑐 [ 𝑉+𝑉0 ] = 334 [330+2]
𝑆
328
= 334 × = 330 Hz
332

10. (A)

320
𝐹𝑖𝑛𝑐𝑖𝑑𝑒𝑛𝑡 = 𝑓𝑟𝑒𝑓𝑙𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑒𝑑 = × 8 kHz
320−10
320+10
𝑓𝑜𝑏𝑠𝑒𝑟𝑣𝑒𝑑 = 320
𝑓𝑟𝑒𝑓𝑙𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑒𝑑
330
=8× = 8.51 kHz  8.5 kHz
310

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11. (BD)
wavelength at the hill,  ' =  − Vc .T
v vc v − v c
= − =
f f f

V + V0 V + V0 2V (V + V0 )
Beat frequency = f− f = c2
V − Vc V + Vc V − VC2

12. (5)
 350   330 
Beat frequency =   85  −   85  = 5
 350 − 10   330 + 10 

13. (11f / 9)
9C C
+
11C /10 11
f '=  f  10 10 = f
11C C 9C /10 9
−
10 10

 v +  0 f0    0 f0 − v    0 f0 + v  2vf0
14. (a)   t , (b) ( 0 f0 − v ) t , (c) 0   , (d) f0   , (e)
 0    0 f0 + v    0 f0 − v   0 f0 − v

 V +V  f0  0 + V
(a) f '  S   f0 =
 Vs  0 .

t  f0  0 + V 
No of crest = .= t
T  0 
(b) Vst − Vt = (0 f0 − v )t

 V +V  VS 0 f0  0 f0 − v 
(c) f ' =  S   f0   ' = =  
 VS − V  f' f0   0 f0 + v 

 V +V 
(d) f ' =  S  f0
 VS − V 
  t +V 
(e) Beat frequency = f0  0 0  − f0 .
  0 f0 − v 

15. (6 Hz)
2  5  200
B frequency = = 5.93
342 − 5
 6Hz .

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Sound Wave DPP-08

1. Two pipes 𝑷𝟏 and 𝑷𝟐 are closed and open respectively. 𝑷𝟏 has a length of 0.3 m. Find the
length of 𝑷𝟐 , if third harmonic of 𝑷𝟏 is same as first harmonic of 𝑷𝟐 .

(A) 20 cm (B) 40 cm (C) 10 cm (D) 60 cm

2. A closed organ pipe of length 𝓵 = 100 cm is cut into two unequal pieces. The fundamental
frequency of the new closed organ pipe piece is found to be same as the frequency of first
overtone of the open organ pipe piece. Determine the length of the two pieces and the
fundamental tone of the open pipe piece. Take velocity of sound = 320 m/s.

(A) 20, 80 cm, 400 Hz (B) 40, 60 cm, 200 Hz

(C) 20, 80 cm, 200 Hz (D) 40, 60 cm, 400 Hz

3. A tube closed at one end has a vibrating diaphragm at the other end, which may be assumed
to be displacement node. It is found that when the frequency of the diaphragm is 2000 Hz, a
stationary wave pattern is set up in which the distance between adjacent nodes is 8 cm.
When the frequency is gradually reduced, the stationary wave pattern disappears but
another stationary wave pattern reappears at a frequency of 1600 Hz. Calculate

(i) the speed of sound in air,

(ii) the distance between adjacent nodes at a frequency of 1600 Hz,

(iii) the next lower frequencies at which stationary wave patterns will be obtained.

(A) 320 m/s, 20 m, 400 Hz (B) 320 m/s, 10 m, 300 Hz

(C) 320 m/s, 20 m, 300 Hz (D) 320 m/s, 10 m, 400 Hz

𝟏
4. The fundamental frequency of a closed pipe is 220 Hz. If of the pipe is filled with water,
𝟒
the frequency of the first overtone of the pipe now is

(A) 220 Hz (B) 440 Hz (C) 880 Hz (D) 1760 Hz

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5. Column I shows four systems, each of the same length L, for producing standing waves. The
lowest possible natural frequency of a system is called its fundamental frequency, whose
wavelength is denoted as 𝝀𝒇 . Match each system with statements given in Column II
describing the nature and wavelength of the standing waves.
Column I Column II
(1) Pipe closed at one end (p) Longitudinal waves

(2) Pipe open at both ends (q) Transverse waves

(3) Stretched wire clamped at both ends (r) f = L

(4) Stretched wire clamped at both ends (s) f = 2L

and at mid-point

(t) f = 4L

(A) (1) – p,t , (2) – p,s, (3) – q,s, (4) – q, r (B) (1) – p,q (2) – p,s, (3) – q,r, (4) – q, r
(C) (1) – p,t , (2) – p,s, (3) – q,r, (4) – q, r (D) (1) – p,q, (2) – p,s, (3) – q,s, (4) – q, r

6. A sound source is falling under gravity. At some time t = 0 the detector lies vertically below
source at a height H as shown in Fig. If v is velocity of sound and 𝒇𝟎 is frequency of the
source then the apparent frequency recorded after t = 2 second is -

Source

Detector

(𝑣+2𝑔) (𝑣+2𝑔) 𝑣
(A) 𝑓0 (B) 𝑓0 (C) 𝑓0 (D) 𝑓0 ( )
𝑣 𝑣 𝑣 – 2𝑔

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7. A stationary observer receives a sound of frequency 𝒇𝟎 = 𝟐𝟎𝟎𝟎 𝑯𝒛. The apparent frequency 𝒇
varies with time as shown in figure. Speed of sound = 300 m/s. Choose the correct
alternative (s) –
f (Hz)

fm

2000
1800
t (s)

Fig.
(A) Speed of source is 66.7 m/s (B) 𝑓𝑚 shown in figure cannot be greater than 2500 Hz
(C) Speed of source is 33.33 m/s (D) 𝑓𝑚 shown in figure cannot be greater than 2250 Hz

8. A closed organ pipe and an open pipe of same length produce 4 beats when they are set into
vibrations simultaneously. If the length of each of them were twice their initial lengths, the
number of beats produced will be [Assume same mode of vibration in both cases]
(A) 2 (B) 4 (C) 1 (D) 8

9. S, O and W represent source of sound (of frequency 𝒇), observer & wall respectively.
𝑽𝑶 , 𝑽𝑺 , 𝑽𝑫 , 𝑽 are velocity of observer, source, wall & sound (in still air) respectively. 𝑽𝑾 is the
velocity of wind. They are moving as shown. then match the following∶ where
𝑽+𝑽𝒘+𝑽
𝒇𝒓 = 𝑽+𝑽 −𝑽𝑫 𝒇
𝒘 𝑺

(1) The wavelength of the waves coming (p) (𝑉 − 𝑉𝑊 − 𝑉𝐷 )/𝑓𝑟

towards the observer from source.
(2) The wavelength of the waves incident on the wall. (q) (𝑉 − 𝑉𝑊 − 𝑉𝑂 )𝑓𝑟 /(𝑉 − 𝑉𝑊 − 𝑉𝐷 )
(3) The wavelength of the waves coming towards (r) (𝑉 − 𝑉𝑊 + 𝑉𝑆 )/𝑓
observer from the wall.
(4) Frequency of the waves (as detected by O) (s) (𝑉 + 𝑉𝑊 − 𝑉𝑆 )/𝑓
coming from wall after reflection.
(A) (1) → (p); (2) → (q); (3) → (r); (4) → (s) (B) (1) → (s); (2) → (r); (3) → (p); (4) → (q)
(C) (1) → (r); (2) → (s); (3) → (p); (4) → (q) (D) (1) → (r); (2) → (s); (3) → (q); (4) → (p)

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Sound Wave - JEE (Main + Advanced)

10. Two observers A and B carry identical sound sources of frequency 256 Hz. If A is stationary
while B moves away from A at a speed of 10 m/s, how many beats per second are heard by A
and B ? (c = 343 m/s)
(A) 8.46 Hz (B) 7.46 Hz (C) 5.46 Hz (D) 9.46 Hz

11. A source of sound of frequency 256 Hz is moving towards a wall with a velocity of 5 m/s.
Velocity of sound is 330 m/s. The number of beats heard by an observer standing behind the
source is nearly -
256×330 256×330
(A) – 256 (B) 256 – 335
325
256×330 256×330 256×330 256×330
(C) – (D) –
325 335 325 325

12. A vehicle is moving towards a cliff. The driver blows horn and hears ‘𝒏𝟏 ’ beats/sec. Driver
hears ‘n2 ’ beats/sec when vehicle is moving away from cliff with same speed. If velocity of
sound in air is 𝒗, then-
𝑛1 –𝑛2 √𝑛1 – √𝑛2
(A) Velocity of vehicle is .𝑣 (B) Velocity of vehicle is .𝑣
𝑛1 +𝑛2 √𝑛1 +√𝑛2
𝑛1 𝑛2
(C) Frequency of horn is √𝑛1 𝑛2 (D) Frequency of horn is
𝑛1 –𝑛2

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Sound Wave - JEE (Main + Advanced)

Answer Key

Question 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
Answer A C D C A D D A C B C A
SOLUTIONS DPP-08

1. (A)

3𝜆 𝜆
ℓ1 = 4
ℓ2 = 2

First overtone fundamental

3𝑉 𝑉
=
4ℓ1 2ℓ2
2ℓ 2×30
ℓ2 = 31 = 3 = 20 cm

2. (C)

l1

2𝜆1 𝜆2
= ℓ1 = ℓ2
2 4
2ℓ
𝜆1 = 21 = ℓ1 ; 𝜆2 = 4ℓ2

𝑓1 = 𝑓2
Δ𝑉 Δ𝑉
=
ℓ1 4ℓ2

ℓ1 = 4ℓ2 ; ℓ1 + ℓ2 = 100

5ℓ2 = 100 ; ℓ2 = 20 𝑐𝑚 ; ℓ1 = 80 cm

Fundamental frequency of open pipe.

320 320 320×100
𝑓 = 𝜆 = 2×ℓ = 2×80 = 200 𝐻𝑧
1

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3. (D)
𝜆 /2 = 0.08 or 𝜆 = 0.16 m
(i) c = n 𝜆
∴ 𝑐 = 2000 × 0.16 = 320 𝑚𝑠 –1
(ii) 320 = 1600 × 𝜆 or 𝜆 = 0.2 m
∴ distance between nodes = 0.2/2 = 0.1 m = 10 m
(iii) For the next lower frequency n = 3, 2, 1
∴ 0.4 = 3𝜆 /2 or 𝜆 = 0.8/3
320
Since c = n𝜆, 𝑛 = = 1200 Hz
0.8/3
Again 0.4 = 1. 𝜆 /2 or 𝜆 = 0.4 m
∴ n = 320 / 0.4 = 800 Hz
Again 0.4 = 1. 𝜆 /2 or 𝜆 = 0.8 m
∴ n = 320 / 0.8 = 400 Hz

4. (C)
Fundamental frequency of closed pipe
𝑣
𝑛 = 4𝑙 = 220𝐻𝑧 ⇒ 𝑣 = 220 × 4𝑙
1 3𝑙
If of the pipe is filled with water then remaining length of air column is
4 4
𝑣 𝑣
Now fundamental frequency = 3𝑙 = and
4( ) 3𝑙
4
First overtone = 3 × fundamental frequency
3𝑣 𝑣 220×4𝑙
= = = = 880𝐻𝑧.
3𝑙 𝑙 𝑙
(Here v is the speed of sound)

5. (A)
𝜆
(1) = L,  = 4L,
4
Sound waves are longitudinal waves
𝜆
(2) = L,  = 2L
2
Sound waves are longitudinal waves
𝜆
(3) = L,  = 2L
2
String waves are transverse waves
(4) =L
String waves are transverse waves

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6. (D)
𝑣𝑠 = 0 + 𝑔. 2 = 2𝑔
𝑣 𝑣
𝑣′ = 𝑓0 𝑣 –𝑣 = 𝑓0 (𝑣 – 2𝑔)
𝑠

7. (D)
The graph shows the situation shown in figure below. The observed frequency will initially be more
than the natural frequency. When the source is at P, observed frequency is equal to its natural
frequency i.e., 2000 Hz.
𝑣
For region AP : 𝑓 = 𝑓0 (𝑣−𝑣 𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝜃)
𝑠
vs P
𝑣 A B
For PB : 𝑓 = 𝑓0 (𝑣+𝑣 𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝜃) 
𝑠
Minimum value of f will be:
𝑣
𝑓𝑚𝑖𝑛 = 𝑓0 (𝑣+𝑣 ) when cos  = 1
𝑠 O
300
or 1800 = 2000( )
300+𝑣𝑠
Solving this we get, 𝑣𝑠 = 33.33 m/s
and maximum value of f can be
𝑣
𝑓𝑚𝑎𝑥 = 𝑓0 (𝑣 –𝑣 ) when cos  = 1
𝑠
300
Or 𝑓𝑚𝑎𝑥 = 2000 (300−33.33) = 2250 𝐻𝑧

8. (A)
𝑉 𝑉
𝜂1 = 2ℓ 𝜂2 = 4ℓ

𝑉
no. of beat heard 𝑛1 – 𝑛2 = 4ℓ = 4
𝑉 4
if length of pipes are doubled. no of beats heard 𝑛1′ – 𝑛2′ = 8ℓ = 2 = 2

9. (C)
Find all speeds w.r.t. wind and apply doppler effect.
(1) The wavelength of the waves coming towards the observer from source = (𝑉 − 𝑉𝑊 + 𝑉𝑆 )/𝑓
(2) The wavelength of the waves incident on the wall
= (𝑉 + 𝑉𝑊 − 𝑉𝑆 )/𝑓
(3) The wavelength of the waves coming towards observer from the wall = (𝑉 − 𝑉𝑊 − 𝑉𝐷 )/𝑓𝑟
(4) Frequency of the waves (as detected by O) coming from wall after reflection
= (𝑉 − 𝑉𝑊 − 𝑉𝑂 )𝑓𝑟 /(𝑉 − 𝑉𝑊 − 𝑉𝐷 )

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Sound Wave - JEE (Main + Advanced)

10. (B)
Number of beats = 7.5 𝑠 –1 and 07.25 𝑠 –1

For observer A, who is stationary, source B is moving away at speed u.

𝜈0 𝐶 343×256
𝑣′ = 343+10 = 353
343 256×10
Number of beats = 𝑣0 (1 – 353) = 353 = 07.25 Hz

For observer B,
𝜈0 (𝐶 – 𝑢0 ) 256×333
= =
𝐶 343
343 256×10
Number of beats = 256 (1 – 353) = 343 = 7.46 Hz

11. (C)
nD vs
S n'
O
nR
330
𝑛𝐷 = 256 (330+5)
330
𝑛𝑅 = 256 ( )
330 – 5
256×330 256×330
Δ𝑛 = 𝑛𝑅 – 𝑛𝐷 = 325
– 335

12. (A)
Let velocity of vehicle be 𝑣0
𝑣+𝑣0 v0 v0
 𝑛1 = .f
𝑣 –𝑣0
2𝑣0 𝜈
 𝑛1 = …(i)
𝑣 –𝑣0
𝑣 –𝑣0
𝑛2 =  – 
𝑣+𝑣0
2𝜈𝑣0
 𝑛2 = …(ii)
𝑣+𝑣0
[Where  = Frequency of horn
v = Velocity of sound in air]
From (i) and (ii)
𝑛1 𝑛2
=
𝑛1 –𝑛2
𝑛1 –𝑛2
and 𝑣0 = .v
𝑛1 +𝑛2

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