Journal Of SHS Graduates: Readiness Towards Pursuing Higher Education

__________________

A Qualitative Research

Presented to
The Faculty of Senior High School of
San Vicente Integrated School

___________

In Partial Fulfillment of
the Requirements for the subject
Practical Research 1

_________

By:
Almadrigo, Prince Ashley
Amicay, Jerald
Buenaflor, Mark Anthony
Jimenez, Beverly
Rabena, Leinard
Riboroso Jr., Jose Dante
Tabula Jr., Jun

2023
 Chapter I
INTRODUCTION

Background of the Study

The world today is in constant evolution leading to complexities in almost all aspects
of life (Smith, 2018). According to a report by the Pew Research Center, "High school
graduates have been given an increased array of options for their future educational pursuits,
differing from traditional paths". This evolution has greatly impacted education, making it
one of the fundamental areas affected.

Many high school graduates are deciding whether to pursue higher education. While it
may seem daunting, continuing our education beyond high school can provide countless
benefits and open doors that would otherwise be closed to us.

Higher education can come in many forms, including traditional four-year universities,
community colleges, vocational schools, and technical institutes. Pursuing higher education
can lead to better job prospects, higher salaries, and a more fulfilling career.

According to a report by National Center for Education Statistics (NCES), higher

education also offers the opportunity to learn and grow in ways that we may not have thought
possible. It can expose to new ideas, perspectives, and ways of thinking that can shape the
lives of SHS graduates who are pursuing higher education. While the decision to pursue
higher education is not one to take lightly, it is a choice that can have a profound impact on
their lives.

According to Smith (2020), education plays a vital role in determining the success and
direction of a person's life. It molds individuals for their future careers and overall success,
enabling them to gain new knowledge and skills, expand their perspectives and horizons, and
enhance their abilities. Pursuing higher education is an excellent way to gain deeper
knowledge and skills, thereby improving the quality of one's life. In today's world, a college
degree has become an essential requirement to succeed in many careers (Johnson, 2019).

This research aims to investigate the readiness and experiences of Senior High School
graduates towards pursuing higher education. Several factors such as academic performance,
financial capabilities, and personal motivation can influence a high school graduate's
readiness to pursue higher education. It is important to understand the readiness of these
graduates to identify the areas that need improvement, bridge the gaps and pave the way to
success.

The pursuit of higher education has become increasingly important in today's fast-
paced world. According to the US Bureau of Labor Statistics, individuals with a bachelor's
degree earn more and experience lower rates of unemployment than those without a degree.
A college degree not only opens doors to lucrative career opportunities but also provides
individuals with valuable skills and knowledge that can be applied in various aspects of their
lives (Anderson, 2020). This is particularly true in the case of Senior High School (SHS)
graduates. The senior high school program was introduced in the Philippines as a part of the
K-12 program, which aims to produce globally competitive graduates (Department of
Education, 2016). The SHS program provides students with additional two years of
fundamental education that prepares them for both further studies and entry-level jobs
(Ramos, 2020).

In this regard, there is a need to investigate the readiness of SHS graduates to pursue
higher education. How prepared are they to take on the challenges of college life? Are they
equipped with the necessary skills and knowledge to thrive in a university environment? Will
they be able to handle the academic demands of college life? These questions are crucial in
determining the success rate of SHS graduates in pursuing higher education.

This study will focus on the readiness of SHS graduates in pursuing higher education.
It aims to explore the factors that contribute to their readiness, including academic
preparedness, personal characteristics, family background, and previous educational
experiences. By doing so, this study will help educators and policymakers design
interventions that will improve the readiness of SHS graduates in pursuing higher education.

The results of this study will not only provide educators and policymakers with useful
information but also contribute to the existing literature on the readiness of SHS graduates in
pursuing higher education. It will also serve as an essential reference for future studies related
to the same topic. Ultimately, this study aims to promote the development and enhancement
of the education system in the Philippines by producing well-prepared and globally
competitive graduates.

Statement of the Problem

This study entitled “Journal of SHS Graduates: Readiness towards Pursuing Higher
Education” aims to identify the readiness of senior high graduates in entering college.

Specially, this study will answer to the following research questions:

1. How is the readiness of the respondents towards pursuing higher education in terms of
attitudes, behaviors, and experiences?
2. What are the themes that may be generated from the respondent's responses?
3. What are the recommendations that may be drawn based from the findings of the
study?

Significance of the Study

This study is deemed Significant to the following:

Senior High School graduates- This study will help them determine their readiness
and preparedness for pursuing higher education, thereby enabling them to make informed
decisions about their academic and career goals. It will also serve as a platform for reflection,
allowing them to reflect on their academic, social and personal growth. Through reflection,
they can identify areas where they need to improve and focus on more.

Parents and Guardians- They can use the research findings to guide their children or
wards in selecting the right higher education institution and program to pursue.
 Higher Education Institutions- This study may help higher education institutions
identify the areas where they need to improve their services to meet the needs of incoming
students.

Policymakers- They can use this information to develop policies and programs that
can address the gaps in readiness and help more students pursue higher education. By doing
so, they can ultimately contribute to improving the overall quality of education in the country.

Educators- This study will help educators to design and implement programs that will
enhance the readiness of SHS graduates for higher education.

Researchers- This study will provide insight into the factors that influence SHS
graduates in pursuing higher education. The findings can increase knowledge and
understanding about the experiences and challenges faced by SHS graduates.

Future Researcher- This study will help future researcher by providing important data
that can be useful for future research studies. They may use this data to develop hypotheses
or test theories. It also provides a foundation and may be useful in understanding relevant
phenomena in educational systems.

Scope and Delimitation of the Study

This study entitled “Journal of SHS Graduates: Readiness towards Continuing Higher
Education” aims to investigate the readiness of SHS Graduates towards pursuing higher
education. The study will take place in San Vicente, Ilocos Sur and it is limited to the Senior
High School graduates who are residents of this municipality. The study will use an interview
guide questionnaire as the primary tool for data gathering. Additionally, this study will be
using phenomenological approach as the researchers will investigate the readiness of SHS
Graduates towards pursuing higher education and the sample size for this study will be
limited to five (5) senior high school graduates of batch 2018 to 2022 of San Vicente
Integrated School in the San Vicente, Ilocos Sur.
 This study excluded SHS graduates who did not pursue further education, were out of
school youth or transferred to other municipalities.

Operational Definitions of terms

Senior High School (SHS) Graduates - refers to individuals who have completed the
Senior High School program, as part of the K-12 program in the Philippines.

Higher Education - includes traditional four-year universities, community colleges,

vocational schools, and technical institutes, that offer degree programs for students who have
completed secondary education.

Journal – a written or printed record of experiences, ideas or observation.

Readiness - refers to the state of being prepared or equipped to take on a task or

challenge, in this case, the pursuit of higher education. It will also refer to the readiness and
willingness of SHS graduates to pursue higher education, including their academic, personal,
and financial readiness.

Academic Preparedness - refers to the readiness and ability of an individual to

succeed in their academic pursuits.
 Chapter II
REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

This section provides the synthesis of related articles towards the study. It
includes the significance of higher of education.

According to Kumar (2018), education is essential in ensuring success in the modern

world. It not only provides individuals with the necessary skills and knowledge to succeed in
their careers but also helps to improve social and economic development in communities and
countries.

According to Brunner and Sonderlund (2018), education plays a crucial role

in instilling values such as tolerance, respect, and civic responsibility, which are essential
for building inclusive societies.

"In the context of higher education, academic integrity is an inseparable quality, which
refers to the commitment to values of honesty, trust, fairness, respect, responsibility, and
courage in learning, teaching, research, and community service" (Moyo and Saidi, 2019).

"To enable Japanese higher education institutions to survive in the global market,
central leadership that encourages departmental independence is necessary. (Saito &
SoungHee, 2019).

Furthermore, Morris and Stommel (2019) found that incorporating technology into
Education can lead to improved learning outcomes. The use of technology increases student
engagement and motivation, enables easier access to information, and fosters communication
and collaboration among learners and educators.

In addition, "the COVID-19 pandemic accelerated the adoption and integration of

online learning, highlighting both the potential and limitations of virtual education" (Hodges
et al., 2020).

Moreover, Palis and Quijada (2020) noted that education has a significant impact on
poverty reduction, income generation, and economic growth.

According to Yang (2021), higher education has long established primary importance
to the formation of students, manifest in ideas such as Confucian xiushen (self-cultivation)
and Bildung.

"In higher education, personalized learning has been gaining popularity due to its
potential to enhance student success by tailoring instruction to individual needs and interests"
(Deandrea & Clinefelter, 2021).

In addition, Mantonakis and Cronenwett (2021) noted that education helps to reduce
inequality by providing individuals with equal opportunities for social and economic
mobility.

According to Agbenyega and Kargbo (2021), "Education provides individuals with

knowledge, skills, and competencies critical for personal, social, and economic development,
making it a crucial foundation for building prosperous societies"

Taking everything into account, education is essential for personal and societal success,
as it provides individuals with the necessary skills, knowledge, and values to succeed in their
careers and contribute to their communities and countries. Incorporating technology and
personalized learning can improve learning outcomes, and education has a significant impact
on poverty reduction, economic growth, and reducing inequality. The COVID-19 pandemic
has highlighted both the potential and limitations of virtual education, but education remains
a crucial foundation for building inclusive and prosperous societies.

This section provides synthesis of related articles towards the study. It includes
the impact of pursuing higher education.

There is a growing interest in understanding the impact of Senior High School (SHS)
on students pursuing higher education. According to a study by Osagie et al. (2018), "The
introduction of SHS has increased access and retention rates for students pursuing higher
education".

“Pursuing higher education can lead to better career opportunities and higher salaries"
(Adams, A. 2018).

"The individuals with higher levels of education are more likely to have access to
better healthcare and a higher quality of life" (Wang, & Liu, 2019).

"SHS education has improved students' cognitive and non-cognitive skills, enhancing
their competitiveness in higher education" (Amoako & Oduro, 2019).

"SHS graduates possess the necessary skills required for higher education success,
including critical thinking and problem-solving abilities" (Ayisi et al. 2020).

However, it is important to note that pursuing higher education can also come with
challenges such as financial burdens and time constraints. As noted by Simpson & Smith,
(2020), "students may face difficulties in balancing work and school while managing debt
accrued from student loans".
 "The students who completed SHS performed better academically in their first year of
higher education compared to those who did not" (Akudugu et al. 2021).

"The pursuit of higher education is not just a means to an end, it is a life-long journey
of growth and personal development" (Jang & Lee, 2023).

"SHS has positively impacted students' readiness and preparedness for higher
education" (Tetteh et al. 2023)

In conclusion, the literature suggests that SHS has a positive impact on students
pursuing higher education, improving their access, readiness, preparedness, competitiveness,
and academic performance. It can also lead to both personal and professional growth, but it is
important to carefully consider the associated challenges and drawbacks.

This section provides synthesis of related articles towards the study. It includes
the Journal of SHS Graduates which is the attitudes, behaviors, and experiences
towards pursuing higher education.

Attitudes

"Students' attitudes on pursuing higher education was influenced by their perceived

academic ability and the level of support received from their family and teachers" (Abuta &
Oyewole, 2019).

In a study by Beadle et al. (2021), it was noted that "SHS students who believed that
higher education is necessary for career success had more positive attitudes towards pursuing
it".
 "SHS students who received career guidance were more likely to have positive
attitudes towards pursuing higher education, which was positively associated with future
career prospects" (Chitsike & Rambe, 2018).

Furthermore, Ng'ang'a et al. (2022) found that "SHS students who had exposure to role
models who had pursued higher education were more motivated and had more positive
attitudes towards pursuing it".

Lastly, a study by Sanna (2023) indicated that "SHS students who perceived that there
were more opportunities for higher education and had the financial means to pursue it had
more positive attitudes towards it".

Behaviors

One study conducted by Balmaseda (2018), "the behavior of SHS students in pursuing
higher education is influenced by different factors such as family and peer pressure, personal
interests, and perceived outcomes of education".

Similarly, a study by Castro (2019) revealed that SHS students who come from
families with higher education attainment are more likely to pursue higher education, as they
view education as a means to achieve success and improve socio-economic status.

"SHS students with parents or guardians who have completed tertiary education are
more likely to pursue higher education due to increased awareness and knowledge of the
benefits of higher education" (Marquez et al. 2020).

However, not all SHS students have access to the resources and support needed to
pursue higher education. One study by Dela Cruz et al. (2021) found that "SHS students from
low-income families are less likely to pursue higher education because of financial
constraints and lack of guidance and support from parents and school institutions".
 Experiences

“Mentors play a critical role in the post-secondary success of high-achieving students,

particularly those who are first-generation college students" (Brownstein & Renzulli, 2018).

According to the study conducted by Liao & Yen (2019) on the challenges faced by
senior high school students in pursuing higher education in Taiwan, "the pressure of
obtaining high grades in college entrance exams creates a high degree of anxiety and
competition among students, leading to emotional distress and decreased motivation for
learning".

In the research of Nagy et al. (2020) on career planning and decision-making among
senior high school students in Hungary, they found that, "students who received vocational
guidance and career orientation services had a clearer understanding of their strengths and
weaknesses, as well as the necessary skills and qualifications for their desired career path".

A study by Ha & Kim (2021) on the college-going experiences of Indigenous students

in Korea revealed that they faced numerous challenges such as "stereotypes and
discrimination, a lack of understanding of Indigenous cultures and histories, and a lack of
financial resources to fund their education or access necessary support services".

In a study by Singh et al. (2022), the authors emphasize the practical implications of
this activity for marketing educators, as it provides a comprehensive and engaging learning
experience that prepares students to apply marketing concepts.
 Lastly, " the students who participated in career planning courses had higher levels of
career confidence and were more prepared for their future careers than those who did not
receive such courses" (Wang & Zhang, 2022).

Overall, the literature suggests that SHS students' attitudes, behaviors, and experiences
play a crucial role in their readiness for pursuing higher education. Family support, academic
performance, and comprehensive career guidance are among the factors that can influence
their preparedness.

This section provides synthesis of related articles towards the study. It includes
the readiness of students in pursuing higher education.

According to the Journal of SHS, "Readiness is a multifaceted construct that comprises

academic, socio-emotional, and environmental factors" (Nguyen & Holmberg, 2018). These
factors can greatly affect a student's ability to handle the rigors of college-level coursework
and adapt to the demands of campus life.

Moreover, according to Blayone (2018), readiness for digital learning is an

international research domain exploring the preparedness of people and contexts for
successful technology-rich education.

In addition, according to Kim et al. (2019) Highlighted the students’ perceptions of e-

learning, based on their experiences, and the mediating roles of academic engagement and
digital readiness within the university context of an e-learning environment for academic
achievement.

According to the study of Cuy, & Salinas (2019), senior high school students showed
very high level of aspiration and high level of readiness in pursuing college degree.
 Moreover, a study by Culp & Mewborn (2019) noted that "students who are prepared
academically are more likely to persist and succeed in college." To achieve academic
readiness, students must possess a strong foundation in core subject areas such as math,
reading, and writing.

Furthermore, according to Ashford and Esteves (2021), "Socio-emotional readiness is

essential for students to thrive in college and beyond." A lack of socio-emotional readiness
can result in feelings of isolation, anxiety, and depression, which can negatively impact
academic performance.

"Environmental readiness is critical for students to fully engage in the college

experience and achieve their academic goals." (Lasker and Akiva, 2023).

In conclusion, readiness is a multifaceted construct that involves academic, socio-

emotional, and environmental factors. Each of these components plays an indispensable role
in determining a student's readiness for higher education. By understanding and addressing
these factors, schools and educators can help prepare students for the demands of college and
help them achieve academic success.

This section provides synthesis of related articles towards the study. It includes
the readiness of SHS students on pursuing higher education and various factors that
influenced them to pursue higher education.

According to a study by Fisher and Korte (2018), the attitudes, behaviors, and
experiences of students greatly affect their decision-making process. The authors state that
"Students who perceive themselves as having the necessary skills, resources, and support
systems are more likely to pursue higher education". This finding underscores the importance
of addressing the students' need for support to increase their readiness to pursue higher
education.
 "SHS curriculum is designed to prepare students to be college-ready and to make them
ready to pursue higher education". (De Mesa, 2018).

"The factors such as academic preparation, motivation, support from family and
friends, and availability of financial resources had significant impact on the readiness of SHS
graduates to pursue higher education" (Dziabenko et al. 2018).

In addition, according to the report of the Department of Education (DepEd, 2019),

"SHS graduates are equipped with knowledge and skills that enable them to choose the right
career path or pursue higher education".

According to the studyo of Kadir & Sarfraz (2019) "students who had attended SHS
showed a greater readiness for higher education as compared to those who had not".

Moreover, a recent study by O'Connor, et al. (2020) highlights the significant influence of
parental educational attainment on the readiness of SHS students to choose higher education.
The authors found that "students with parents who have a higher level of education are more
likely to be prepared for higher education and have more positive attitudes towards it".

Furthermore, according to Pagtakhan-Tiongson, Tan, & Bilibli (2020), "Senior high

school (SHS) plays a significant role in preparing students for higher education by providing
them with specialized courses that hone their skills and knowledge in their chosen fields".

In a study by Yang (2022), it was found that students who participate in extracurricular
activities and volunteering have a higher readiness towards pursuing higher education. The
author states that "participation in extracurricular activities and volunteering can help
students develop important skills that are necessary for success in higher education and
beyond".
 In the study of Coros et al. (2022) concludes that students’ maturity and constant
immersion in various digital technologies play a vital role in making them more ready to
learn online.

According to the study of Insorio et al. (2023), The findings show that the students
have low awareness, interest, and readiness for their preferred college courses before
implementing work immersion in a blended modality.

In summary, SHS students' readiness to pursue higher education is influenced by

several factors, including their attitudes, behaviours, and experiences. It is crucial to provide
additional support to students, especially those whose parents have a lower level of
education, and to provide opportunities for them to engage in extracurricular activities and
volunteering to enhance their readiness for higher education.
 Chapter III
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

Research Design

This study uses a phenomenological approach as the research design for the study. This
approach will allow the researcher to explore the readiness of SHS graduates in pursuing
higher education in San Vicente Integrated School.

Population and Sample

The population of the study will be five (5) SHS graduates from Batch 2018 to 2022 of
San Vicente Integrated School who graduated batch 2018-2020. A purposive sampling
technique will be utilized in selecting the sample size based on their academic performance
and availability for participation in the study using snowball sampling.

Data Gathering Tools

The main data gathering tool for this study will be semi-structured interview guide
questionnaire. A set of open-ended questions will be developed to explore the readiness of
the SHS graduates.
Data Gathering Procedures

For conducting this study, several steps need to be taken. First, ethical clearance must
be obtained from the principal and the faculty of senior high school. Then, graduates who
meet the inclusion criteria for the study should be identified. The participants must give
informed consent before the study commences. Semi-structured interviews must be
conducted with the participants while providing them with a survey questionnaire. The
interviews can be conducted face-to-face or online, with the participants' permission to record
and photograph their participation in the study. To analyze data, themes should be developed
using thematic analysis. Throughout the process, confidentiality and anonymity of the
participants should be maintained. After that, the findings of the study should be written up,
and stakeholders should be informed of the outcomes.
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