LESSON 1

Self Concept - awareness of yourself

1.​ Ideal Self - the self that you aspire to be. One that you hope will possess

the characteristics similar to that of your menthol or other worldly

figure

2.​ Actual Self - one that you actually see. Characteristics that you were

nurtured or born to have

Self Awareness - showing or having realization, participation, commitment,

and knowledge of one’s values development.

(Shelly Duval and Robert Wicklund’s Definition)

-​ ability to focus on yourself and how your actions, thoughts, or emotions

do or do not align with your internal standards.

-​ If you are highly self aware, you can objectively evaluate yourself,

manage your emotions, align your behavior with your values, and

understand correctly how others view you.

Self awareness framework - the results that you experience in your life every

minute of each and every day are based totally on your predominant thought

processes, the pre-established beliefs that you hold, as well as the emotions

experienced as a result of them and what you have come to understand and

“perceive” as truth.
Beliefs - Our conditioning from the day we were born that sets up our beliefs,

which in turn determine our attitudes, affect our behavior, and determine our

success or failure

-​ What we believe will determine our attitudes about it, create our

feelings, direct our actions, and influence us to do well or poorly, or

succeed or fail.

1.​ Empowering Beliefs - beliefs that make us feel good, help us

experience how limitless we actually are, motivates us to get the most

out of every single moment

2.​ Limiting Beliefs - beliefs that don't make us feel good, keeps us “safe”,

inside a box, ones that stop us from living the most incredible life

possible.

Attitudes - perspective from which we view life. Good attitudes are created,

controlled, or influenced entirely by our beliefs

Feelings - created, controlled, determined, or influenced by our attitudes.

How we feel about something will always determine or affect what we do and

how we do things.

Actions / Behaviors - step that most directly controls our success or failure –

what we do or not do

Personal Effectiveness - making use of all the personal resources – talents,

skills, energy, and time, to enable us to achieve life goals; depends on our
innate characteristics, talent, experience, accumulated in the process of

personal development

Knowledge - required for setting goals, defining and action plan to achieve

them and risk assessment

Skill - determines whether real actions are performed in accordance with the

plan

1.​ Determination - allows us to focus only on achieving specific goals

without being distracted by less important things or spontaneous

desires

2.​ Self Confidence - appears in the process of personal development, as a

result of getting aware of yourself, your actions, and their consequences

3.​ Persistence - makes you keep moving forward regardless of emerging

obstacles, problems, laziness, bad emotional state, and etc

4.​ Managing Stress - helps combat stress that arises in daily life from

environment and other people

5.​ Problem Solving Skills - help cope with the problems encountered

with a lack of experience

6.​ Creativity - allows you to find extraordinary ways to carry out a specific

action that no one has tried to use

7.​ Generating Ideas - helps you achieve new goals using new, original,

and unconventional ideas.

Adolescence - dynamically evolving theoretical construct informed through

physiologic, psychosocial, temporal, and cultural lenses. Comes from the word

Adolescere which means to grow or to become mature

-​ Transitional phase of growth between childhood and adulthood (ages

10-24).

-​ Time of enormous transition

Whole Person Development - is a progressive process through which the

intellectual, physical, professional, psychological, social and spiritual capacities

of an individual can be holistically enhanced.

Developments in Adolescents

1.​ Physical - hormonal changes and development

2.​ Cognitive - changes in the way the brain functions

3.​ Emotional - how adolescents process emotions and stress

4.​ Social - changes in familial, social, and romantic relationships

5.​ Morals and Values - how adolescents regard their place on the earth

Spiritual

-​ Art Appreciation

-​ Moral Commitment

-​ Spiritual Quest

Psychological

-​ Emotional Health
 -​ Self Appreciation

Aspects of the Self

1.​ Physical or Tangible Aspects - many individuals put a strong emphasis

on the physical aspect of the self

2.​ Intellectual and Conscious Aspects - it may be important to some that

their mind be prominent and well educated

3.​ Emotional and Intuitive Aspects - human emotions are the most

feared aspect, as individuals are reluctant and unprepared to manage

them

LESSON 3

Challenges of Middle and Late Adolescence

Biological Challenges

-​ Most girls have completed the physical changes related to puberty by

age 15

-​ Boys are still maturing and gaining strength, muscle mass, and height

and are completing the development of sexual traits

-​ Puberty

Cognitive Challenges

Theory of Social Development (Piaget) - adolescence is the time when

young people develop cognitively from “concrete operations” to “formal

theories.

-​ Adolescents are egocentric. They can become self conscious thinking

they are being watched by others, and at other times behave as if they

were on a center stage and perform for a non-existent audience

Emotional Challenges

-​ May stress over school and test scores

-​ Self involved (high expectations and low self concept)

-​ Seeks privacy or time alone

-​ Concerned about physical and sexual attractiveness

-​ Complain that parents prevent them from doing things independently

-​ Starts to want both physical and emotional intimacy in relationships

-​ Experience of intimate partnerships

Social Challenges

-​ shifts in relationship with parents from dependency and subordination

to one that reflects the adolescent’s increasing maturity and

responsibilities in the family and the community,

-​ Is more and more aware of social behaviors of friends.

-​ Friends become more important.

-​ Starts to have more intellectual interests.

-​ Explores romantic and sexual behaviors with others.

-​ May be influenced by peers to try risky behaviors (alcohol, tobacco, sex).

-​ Bullying

-​ Stress

-​ Depression

-​ Child Abuse

-​ Addiction (Cyber and Drugs)

-​ Drinking and Smoking

-​ Premarital Sex

-​ Broken Family

Mental Challenges

-​ Becomes better able to set goals and think in terms of the future.

-​ Has a better understanding of complex problems and issues.

-​ Starts to develop moral ideals and select role models.

Psychological Challenges

-​ Eating Disorders

-​ Mental Disorders

Ways to become a responsible Adolescent

1.​ Managing School and Work - Regardless of how smart you are,

excelling at school means being the best that you can be.

2.​ Caring for Your Health and Hygiene - When you're a teen, it's a good

idea to start practicing good habits, and health is one of them.

parent wants what's best for their kids.

4.​ Always Listen to Everyone but Do the Best for You - If an elder gives

you a piece of advice, always listen to them because it is not them who’s

speaking, it is their experience speaking.

5.​ Learn how to manage your finances - One of the major responsibilities

you will have as an adult is to take care of your money.

6.​ Be consistent and keep to your schedule - Routine means order, and

this means that you are on the right track.

7.​ Level of maturity - Some teenagers are more mature than others, and

their ability to act responsibly varies from situation to situation.

Developmental Tasks of Adolescence

1.​ Learning to get along with friends of both sexes

2.​ Accepting one's body and keeping it healthy

3.​ Becoming more Self Sufficient

4.​ Making decisions about marriage and family life

5.​ Preparing for a job or career

6.​ Acquiring a set of values to guide behavior

7.​ Becoming socially responsible

LESSON 4
Stress - can be defined as a state of worry or mental tension caused by a

difficult situation

-​ Stress is a natural human response that prompts us to address

challenges and threats in our lives.

-​ Everyone experiences stress to some degree. (WHO, 2023)

Cause and Effects of Stress

1.​ Anxiety

2.​ Pressure

3.​ Misery

4.​ Strain

5.​ Desperation

6.​ Tension

7.​ Anger

8.​ Panic

9.​ Dejection

-​ Everyday frustrations cause stress build-up. Problems in our personal

life can be devastating; A common cause of stress is dealing with life’s

transitions.

-​ Prolonged stress can be devastating; burnout, breakdown, and

depression are some of the potential results of long-term, unmanaged

stress.
Stress Response - the collection of physiological changes that occur when

you face a perceived threat—when you face situations where you feel the

demands outweigh your resources to successfully cope. These situations are

known as stressors.

Keep Stress Under Control

1.​ Understand the Causes of Stress

2.​ Analyze your Stress Factors and Write Them Down

3.​ Deal with the Stressors

4.​ Learn to Work under Pressure or Unusual Conditions

LESSON 5

Mental Health - Mental health includes our emotional, psychological, and

social well-being. It affects how we think, feel, and act. It also helps determine

how we handle stress, relate to others, and make healthy choices. (CDC, 2023)

-​ Our mental health directly influences how we think, feel and act: it also

affects our physical health.

Self Esteem - is all about how much you feel you are worth — and how much

you feel other people value you.

What Influences a Person's Self-Esteem?

1.​ Puberty and Development

2.​ Media Images and Other Outside Influences

3.​ Family and School

you are attractive and whether others like your looks.

Depression - is a feeling of low mood that lasts for a long time and affects

your everyday life

Anxiety - is what we feel when we are worried, tense or afraid – particularly

about things that are about to happen, or which we think could happen in

the future.

Phobia - is an extreme form of fear or anxiety triggered by a particular

situation (such as going outside) or object (such as spiders), even when it's

very unlikely to be dangerous.

Personality disorder - is a type of mental health problem where your

attitudes, beliefs and behaviors cause you longstanding problems in your life.

What else might I experience?

1.​ Panic Attacks

2.​ Self Harm

3.​ Psychosis

4.​ Suicidal feelings

How can I deal with stigma?

1.​ Show people reliable information

2.​ Get more involved in your treatment

3.​ Contact an advocate

4.​ Know your rights

6.​ Get involved in a campaign

How can I help myself?

1.​ stay aware of your mental health

2.​ nourish your social life

3.​ try peer support

4.​ make time for therapeutic activities

5.​ look after your physical health

6.​ contact a specialist organisation