HYDRAULIC MACHINES IMPORTANT THEORY PART QUESTIONS
HYDRAULIC MACHINES
MODULE WISE IMPORTANT QUESTIONS BASED ON 16 SET OF PREVIOUS
YEAR QUESTION PAPERS
MODULE 4
2 MARKS
1. Define slip of pump (8 times)
2. Define specific speed of centrifugal pump (5 times)
3. What is cavitation (5 times)
4. Why priming is done in centrifugal pump (3 times)
5. What are pumping device (2 times)
6. Name the types of casing in centrifugal pump (2 times)
7. State the functions of an air vessel for reciprocating pump (2 times)
8. Differentiate turbine and pump
9. State the advantages of jet pump
10.Define NPSH ( NET Positive Suction Head)
11.Distinguish static head and dynamic head
12.Mention the chances of negative slip in reciprocating pump
13.What is manometric head in centrifugal pump
14.State the equation for power required to drive the reciprocating pump
15.Define hydraulic efficiency of a turbine
16.List any advantages of centrifugal pump over reciprocating pump
6 MARKS
1. Describe slip, percentage slip ,negative slip (6 times)
2. Explain working of air lift pump (4 times)
3. Explain the functions of air vessel (4 times)
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HYDRAULIC MACHINES IMPORTANT THEORY PART QUESTIONS
4. Explain phenomenon of cavitation (3 times)
5. What is cavitation what are the effects of cavitation (4 times)
6. Compare reciprocating pump and centrifugal pump (3 times)
7. Discuss different types of casing of centrifugal pump (2 times)
8. What is an air vessel how it works (2 times)
9. What do you mean by multistage centrifugal pump? List advantages of
multistage pump. ( 2 times)
10.Explain the working of centrifugal pump or what is centrifugal pump
(2 times)
11.Explain the working of hydraulic ram (2 times)
12.Write short note on air vessel (2 times)
13.Explain the advantages of hydraulic ram (2 times)
14.Explain working of double acting pump
15.Explain the working of jet pump
16.Classify reciprocating pump
17.Describe the functions of casing in centrifugal pump. Name the types
18.Explain various heads of centrifugal pump and its importance
19.Explain construction & operation of hydraulic ram
20.Explain manometric head and manometric efficiency of centrifugal
pump
21.Explain working of reciprocating pump with a neat sketch
PART C (7 0R 8 MARKS)
1. Compare/differentiate centrifugal & reciprocating pump (6 times)
2. Sketch & explain Hydraulic ram (4 times)
3. Explain working of an airlift pump (4 times)
4. Types of (spiral) casing for centrifugal pump. Explain functions (3 times)
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HYDRAULIC MACHINES IMPORTANT THEORY PART QUESTIONS
5. Explain spiral casing for centrifugal pump. Name the types of casing
(2 times)
6. Explain functions of air vessels with sketch (2 times)
7. Cavitation & its effects
8. Sketch & explain piping system of centrifugal pump
9. Explain priming & cavitation
10.Main components of reciprocating pump with sketches
11.Distinguish between volute casing and vortex casing in centrifugal pump
12.Explain high head multistage centrifugal pump with sketch
13.Explain working of jet pump with sketch
14.Explain multistage centrifugal pump with sketch
15.Explain centrifugal pump with sketch
16.Efficiencies of centrifugal pump
17.Classification of reciprocating pump
18.Explain working of reciprocating pump with sketch. Define slip
MODULE 3
2 MARKS
1. Define specific speed of turbine (3 times)
2. Define unit speed of a turbine (3 times)
3. Name any two reaction turbine (2 times)
4. Define reaction turbine (2 times)
5. Define unit discharge of a reaction turbine (2 times)
6. List main types of draft tube (2 times)
7. Define governing of turbine
8. Write classification of reaction turbine
NIKHIL, LECTURER, DEPT OF ME, MGMPTC Page 3
HYDRAULIC MACHINES IMPORTANT THEORY PART QUESTIONS
9. Name the machine which convert hydraulic energy into mechanical
energy
10.List the unit quantities of turbine
11.List functions of draft tube
12.Write the discharge equation of a reaction turbine
13.List main components of a reaction turbine
14.Write various efficiencies of reaction turbine
15.List the function of guide vanes of a reaction turbine
16.What is radial flow turbine
17.Define hydraulic efficiency of a turbine
6 MARKS
1. Define unit power, unit speed, unit discharge
Or
Define Unit Quantities) (7 times)
2. Compare impulse turbine and reaction turbine (4 times)
3. Discuss the different efficiencies of reaction turbine (4 times)
4. Write the difference between inward flow reaction turbine and outward
flow reaction turbine (4 times)
5. Explain the significance of specific speed of water turbine (3 times)
6. Define hydraulic efficiency, mechanical efficiency and overall efficiency
of a turbine (3 times)
7. Discuss the function of draft tube (2 times)
8. Draw the figure of an axial flow reaction turbine and list its parts
(2 times)
NIKHIL, LECTURER, DEPT OF ME, MGMPTC Page 4
HYDRAULIC MACHINES IMPORTANT THEORY PART QUESTIONS
9. Explain the functions of draft tube & draw any type of draft tube
(2 times)
10.What are the uses of draft tubes ( 2 times )
11. What are the different types of draft tube ( 2 times)
12.Explain the main components of reaction turbine
Or
Describe the working of Kaplan turbine (2 times)
13.What are the criteria for selection of turbine ( 2 times)
14.Classify reaction turbine and explain the efficiencies of reaction turbine
15.Write the advantages of water turbine
PART C (7 0R 8 MARKS)
1. Sketch, explain& mark main components of Kaplan turbine
OR
Explain construction & operation of Kaplan turbine
OR
Explain radial flow reaction turbine & state expression for discharge
(7 times)
2. What is draft tube (or significance or define ),Sketch & explain different
types of draft tubes (6 times)
3. Difference between( or compare) Francis turbine & Kaplan turbine
(6 times)
4. Sketch & explain Francis turbine label parts, explain functions
( 4 times)
5. Describe the working principle of inward flow reaction turbine
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HYDRAULIC MACHINES IMPORTANT THEORY PART QUESTIONS
6. Describe working principle of an outward flow reaction turbine
7. Describe the discharge equation of a reaction turbine
8. How reaction turbines are classified and what are they
9. Compare impulse & reaction turbine
10.Discuss selection of turbine based on specific speed & head
11.Explain significance of specific speed
12.Define specific speed and unit quantities
MODULE 2
2 MARKS
1. Name the components of pelton turbine {4 times}
2. What is an impulse turbine {3 times}
3. Classify water turbine {2 times}
4. Name any 2 impulse turbine {2 times}
5. Name the functions of governor
6. Define hydraulic machine
7. State the function of spear in pelton wheel
8. What are the classification of water turbine based on its operating
principles
9. Write the principal parts of water turbine
10.Define hydraulic efficiency of pelton wheel
11.Define the term governing of turbine
12.What do you mean by hydraulic turbine
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HYDRAULIC MACHINES IMPORTANT THEORY PART QUESTIONS
6 MARKS
13.Enumerate advantages of water turbines {5 times}
14.Describe speed ratio and flow ratio {3 times}
15.Define hydraulic efficiency, mechanical efficiency and overall efficiency
of a turbine
OR
Explain various efficiencies of turbine {3 times}
16.Enumerate the functions of governor in an impulse turbine
PART C {7 or 8 MARKS}
1. Describe working of pelton wheel with sketch. OR (describe an impulse
turbine) {11 times}
2. Sketch the method of governing of Pelton wheel(or impulse turbine)
using oil pressure governor
OR
Describe the governing mechanism of a pelton wheel
OR
Sketch & explain the servomotor method of governing of pelton wheel
OR
Explain how impulse turbines are governed at constant speed
{10 times}
3. Classify hydraulic turbines OR illustrate the classification of turbines
{9 times}
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HYDRAULIC MACHINES IMPORTANT THEORY PART QUESTIONS
4. Describe the main parts of Pelton wheel
OR
Describe an impulse turbine with sketches
{4 times}
5. Define water power, brake power, shaft power and overall efficiency of
turbine.
OR
State the equations of power produced and efficiencies of an impulse
turbine {4 times}
6. Classify water turbines {2 times}
7. Distinguish between radial flow turbine & axial flow turbine
8. Explain spear regulation of a pelton wheel with a neat sketch
9. Explain the hydraulic functions of casing in pelton turbine.
MODULE 1
2 MARKS
1. Define jet /jet of water/fluid jet {4 times}
2. Define impact of jets {2 times}
3. What is meant by jet propulsion { 2 times }
4. Write the equation for angle of swing of a vertical swing plate.
5. State the expression for force exerted by the jet on a stationary curved
symmetrical plate at its centre
6. Write the principle of impact of jet
7. Define hydraulics machine
8. List any 2 application of jet of water.
9. What is meant by efficiency of jet
NIKHIL, LECTURER, DEPT OF ME, MGMPTC Page 8
HYDRAULIC MACHINES IMPORTANT THEORY PART QUESTIONS
10.Write the principle of propulsion of ships
11.Interpret the equation for the force of jet impinging on an inclined fixed
plate
12.State the equation of force by the jet impinging on a stationary curved
vane
13.Name 2 applications of principle of jet propulsion
6 MARKS
1. Explain the principle of jet propulsion of ships {5 times}
2. Explain the principle of jet propulsion
3. Describe how ships move in a sea using jet propulsion
4. Draw the velocity triangles and mark the velocities and angles of a jet
tangentially impinging at on tip of an unsymmetrical moving curved
plate.
PART C {7 & 8 MARKS} DERIVATIONS ONLY
1. Derive an expression for the force/work done/efficiency exerted by a jet
on a series of vanes { 8 times }
2. Derive an expression for force exerted by a jet on a flat vertical plate
moving in the direction of jet {6 times }
3. Derive force/work done for a curved plate when the plate is moving in
the direction of the jet {6 times}
4. Derive an expression for force exerted by a jet on an inclined fixed plate
in the direction of jet and perpendicular to the direction of jet
{5 times}
5. Force exerted by Jet impinging stationary curved vane at centre
{2 times}
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HYDRAULIC MACHINES IMPORTANT THEORY PART QUESTIONS
6. Derive equation for force on a hinged plate
{2 times}
7. Derive an expression for force exerted by a jet on a flat vertical fixed
plate
8. Derive an expression for stationary force exerted on a stationary
symmetrical curved plate at one end tangentially (model)
BASED ON THE ABOVE PATTERN YOU WILL GET A CLEAR IDEA ABOUT THE
IMPORTANT TOPICS. SO PLEASE STUDY AT LEAST THE FOLLOWING TOPICS
[Priority order: UPPERCASE BOLD > lowercase bold > normal]
MODULE 4
Classification of pump
Centrifugal pump-diagram, working
Types of casing
HEADS OF CENTRIFUGAL PUMP
EFFICIENCIES OF CENTRIFUGAL PUMP
Specific speed of centrifugal pump
Multistage centrifugal pump
Priming
Cavitation
Net Positive Suction Head (NPSH)
Reciprocating pump, single & double acting –diagram, working, types,
classification
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HYDRAULIC MACHINES IMPORTANT THEORY PART QUESTIONS
COMPARISON BETWEEN CENTRIFUGAL PUMP & RECIPROCATING
PUMP
SLIP OF PUMP,
Air vessels
Hydraulic ram
Air lift pump
Jet pump
MODULE 3
Axial flow turbine, radial flow turbine
DIFFERENCE BETWEEN REACTION & IMPULSE TURBINE
Inward & outward flow reaction turbine
FRANCIS TURBINE- CONSTRUCTION, WORKING, DIAGRAM,
PARTS/COMPONENTS
KAPLAN TURBINE - CONSTRUCTION, WORKING, DIAGRAM,
PARTS/COMPONENTS
DIFFERENCE BETWEEN KAPLAN TURBINE & FRANCIS TURBINE
DRAFT TUBE – FUNCTION, USES, TYPES
Unit quantities
SPECIFIC SPEED
Selection of turbine ( based on specific speed & head of water)
MODULE 2
CLASSIFICATION OF TURBINES
Types of power & overall efficiency
PELTON TURBINE OR IMPULSE TURBINE – MAIN COMPONENTS,
SKETCH, WORKING
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HYDRAULIC MACHINES IMPORTANT THEORY PART QUESTIONS
Speed ratio, jet ratio
Governor
Functions of governor
GOVERNING OF PELTON WHEEL
MODULE 1
JET, IMPACT OF JET
JET PROPULSION, PRINCIPLE OF PROPULSION OF SHIP
Important derivation
Derive an expression for force (or efficiency or work) exerted by jet on
1. Flat vertical plate (stationary or fixed)
2. Inclined plate (stationary or fixed)
3. Curved vane at centre (stationary or fixed)
4. Hinged plate
5. FLAT VERTICAL PLATE (MOVING)
6. CURVED PLATE (MOVING)
7. SERIES OF VANES
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