Extreme Demand Avoidance 8-item measure (EDA-8)
A brief caregiver-report measure of EDA traits for caregivers of children aged 5 – 17 years.
Please answer the questions thinking about your child’s behaviour during the last six months. Please
read each item carefully and fill in the answer that best applies.
Not Some- Mostly Very
Please tick one option per question only: true what true true
true
Obsessively resists and avoids ordinary demands and
1
requests.
2 Is driven by the need to be in charge.
Tells other children how they should behave, but does not
3
feel these rules apply to him/herself.
Has difficulty complying with demands unless they are
4
carefully presented.
Seems unaware of the differences between him/herself
5
and authority figures (e.g. parents, teachers, police).
Mood changes very rapidly (e.g. switches from
6
affectionate to angry in an instant).
Uses outrageous or shocking behaviour to get out of doing
7
something.
Has bouts of extreme emotional responses to small events
8
(e.g. crying/giggling, becoming furious).
Scoring:
• Please note that the EDA-8 was designed to measure EDA traits for research purposes, and is not
a diagnostic instrument.
• All items are scored as follows: Not true = 0; Somewhat true = 1, Mostly true = 2, Very true = 3.
• Our research shows that the EDA-8 scale can measure the severity of EDA characteristics well at
modest levels, but at high levels, more in-depth measurement is needed.
• Scores over 19 could indicate the need for more in-depth measurement of EDA, but do not
necessarily suggest a PDA-profile.
• This questionnaire asks about a person’s presentation not the causation of this presentation.
There are a range of reasons for why a person may present with extreme demand avoidance
besides PDA. More in-depth assessment is needed to establish whether a PDA profile underpins
demand avoidance behaviours. This would consider early development and any situational factors
affecting current behaviour. More information about identifying and assessing for a PDA profile can
be found at [Link]
Key reference:
O’Nions, Happé, Viding & Noens (2021) Extreme Demand Avoidance in Children with Autism
Spectrum Disorder: Refinement of a Caregiver-Report Measure. Advances in Neurodevelopmental
Disorders, 5, 269–281 [Link]
© O’Nions, Christie, Gould, Viding, & Happé