EG6022 – Geotechnical Engineering

James Laud Apedoe

U1901477
Table of Contents
Introduction ............................................................................................................................................ 2
1. Executive Summary ......................................................................................................................... 3
1.1 Final design requirements and recommendations ....................................................................... 3
1.2 Pile Options ................................................................................................................................... 3
1.3 Pile load testing requirements ...................................................................................................... 4
1.4 Soil Properties ............................................................................................................................... 4
2. Analysis ........................................................................................................................................... 5
2.1 List of assumptions ....................................................................................................................... 5
2.3 Design Loadings ............................................................................................................................ 5
2.4 Concrete strength ......................................................................................................................... 5
2.5 Soil Strength Parameters and Sensitivity Analysis ........................................................................ 6
2.5.1 Total vertical stress values ..................................................................................................... 6
2.5.2 Total Vertical Effective Stress values ..................................................................................... 7
2.6 Pile Capacity Design ...................................................................................................................... 7
2.6.1 Pile capacities (UB) ................................................................................................................. 7
2.6.2 Pile Capacities (LB) ................................................................................................................. 8
2.6.3 End Bearing Calculation ......................................................................................................... 8
2.6.4 Skin Friction in clay Calculation.............................................................................................. 8
2.7 Pile Capacity Curves ...................................................................................................................... 9
2.8 Pile Settlement Analysis .............................................................................................................. 11
2.8.1 Load Settlement Curves ....................................................................................................... 12
3. Discussion and Justifications ......................................................................................................... 14
3.1 Pile Capacity Analysis Discussion ................................................................................................ 14
3.2 Pile Settlement Analysis Discussion ............................................................................................ 14
4. References .................................................................................................................................... 15
5. Appendix ....................................................................................................................................... 16
1. Oasys Pile lower bound Pile Capacity results............................................................................ 16
2. Oasys Pile upper bound Pile Capacity results ........................................................................... 16
3. Oasys Pile lower bound – Settlement Analysis results ............................................................. 16
4. Oasys Pile upper bound – Settlement Analysis results ............................................................. 16
 Introduction

This report covers the preliminary design of a piled foundation for a new apartment building.

The building is situated on a soil stratum which is comprised of a soft clay layer 4.1m thick, underlaid
by a gravel layer 3.2m thick, underlaid by a lower clay layer. The ground water conditions are
hydrostatic, and the ground water table is located 4.5m below the ground level, so 0.4m into the
gravel layer.

The ground level is taken as 100 mOD as illustrated in Figure 1.

Figure 1 - Existing ground conditions

The preliminary design is based on a vertical load on the heaviest loaded pile to determine the load
carrying capacity of 2no. piles designed to lower and upper bound soil strength parameters for
varied pile lengths, and their expected load settlement performance.

A comparison and discussion is presented following the design of the 2 piles, with varied lengths
which provides commentary on the implications of using the lower and upper bound strength
parameters.

The pile design carried out is compliant with Eurocode 7 – Geotechnical Design.
 1. Executive Summary

1.1 Final design requirements and recommendations

It is recommended that the proposed foundation used is a continuous flight auger pile using lower
bound values for soil strength soil parameters. A high level of quality control and piling methodology
is to be followed by the piling contractor, and the pile testing requirements are to be met.

Pile Type: Continuous Flight Auger Piles (CFA)

Concrete grade: C25/30

Pile length: 17m

Pile diameter: 0.5m

Design loading:

1. DA1 – C1 = 1161 kN
2. DA1 – C2 = 860 kN

Design Resistance:

1. DA1 – C1 = 1322 kN
2. DA1 – C2 = 924 kN

Total Vertical Stress: 356 kPa

Total Effective Vertical Stress: 231 kPa

Ultimate Pile capacity: 1851 kN

Predicted Settlement:

Pile testing requirements: minimum 1% of constructed piles are to be tested to loads not less than
1.5 times the design load.

Pile testing load = 1290 kN.

1.2 Pile Options

For this pile design the two piling options which were considered were driven pre-cast concrete piles
and Continuous flight augur (CFA) piles.

Driven piles are beneficial in being prefabricated offsite and installed by being driven into the soil.
This reduces the requirement for excavation by augering and typically provides higher structural
capacities.

The chosen pile was a CFA pile as although the pile is to be founded in the stiff clay layer to the
bottom on the stratum, the pile will dissect a layer of granular soil. Bored piles are less effective in
granular soil conditions unless a CFA pile is used where the hollow shaft can provide support the
excavated shaft during the drilling and until the concreting has occurred and the auger can be
extracted. As the site space constraints are unknown a CFA pile system will be proposed for the
foundation scheme as opposed to a driven or bored pile system.

For the initial pile design a series of pile lengths were analysed ranging from 10m to 20m for both
upper and lower bound soil strength parameters.
1.3 Pile load testing requirements
As the chosen pile for the preliminary design were CFA piles, the load testing has been set to be
carried out on more than 1% of constructed piles to loads not less than 1.5 times the design load.

Hence piles are required to be tested with a test load of 1290 kN.

1.4 Soil Properties

The below is the given soil properties provided by the coursework spreadsheet.

Soft Clay Layer

Lower Upper
Bulk
Layer Bound Bound Soil
Weight
Thickness Cu Cu Stiffness Eu
Density
value value
4.1 10 33 19.5 Eu = 100 Cu
Table 1 - Firm to stiff clay layer properties

Gravel Layer

Lower Upper Depth

Bulk
Layer Bound Bound Soil to
Weight
Thickness Friction Friction Stiffness Ground
Density
angle angle water
3.2 29 34 21.2 80000 4.5
Table 2 - Gravel layer soil properties

Lower Clay Layer

Lower
Upper Bulk
Bound Soil Stiffness
Bound Weight
Cu Eu
Cu value Density
value
65 6 108 10 21.4 250 Cu
Table 3 - Stiff clay layer soil properties
 2. Analysis
The pile analysis has been carried out using Oasys Pile software.

2.1 List of assumptions

The following assumptions have been made:

- Initial length of pile was considered to be 20m long.

- Initial diameter of the pile was considered to be 0.5m wide.
- The ridged boundary at the base of the soil stratum was considered to be 40m below ground
level (60mOD)
- Therefore, Cu value at rigid boundary is taken as 261.2 kN/m2

2.3 Design Loadings

The pile is to be axially loaded at the head with an unfactored total load of 860 kN.

The following safety factors for combination 1 and combination 2 are applied given a CFA pile design
to Eurocode 7:

Figure 2 - Permanent Load combination factors

Figure 3 - Partial Load Factors

Design approach 1 of the UK National Annes provides 2 loading combinations which are to be
satisfied by the upper and lower bound values of soil strength parameters. This is given by:

- Combination 1 (C1): A1 + M1 + R1 = 1161 kN

- Combination 2 (C2): A2 + M1 + R4 = 860 kN

2.4 Concrete strength

Concrete grade used = C25/30
Concrete strength reduction factor = 0.3
2.5 Soil Strength Parameters and Sensitivity Analysis

The upper bound and lower bound soil strength parameters given in the coursework spreadsheet
are defined in figure 4 below.

Adhesion factor (a) alpha value:

The values used for adhesion factors in the clay soils were calculated using Equation 9.8. (R.F. Craig,
2012, p.331)

Figure 4 - Table of Upper bound undrained soil parameters

Figure 5 - Table of Lower bound undrained soil parameters

Figure 6 - Adhesion factor in cohesion soils equations

The Adhesion factor for the base of the stiff clay layer is calculated by using the second equation
shown in Figure 6. For the lower bound values, the soil strength (Cu) value at the top of the stiff clay
layer is 65 kPa, and the rigid boundary is assumed to be 40m below ground level the soil strength at
the base of the stiff clay layer is calculated to be 261.2 kPa. For the upper bound values, the soil
strength at the top of the stiff clay layer is given as 108 kPa and is calculated to be 435 kPa at the
base of the layer.

2.5.1 Total vertical stress values

These values have been derived from the data output from Oasys.

For upper bound soil strength parameters: 312.57 kPa

For lower bound soil strength parameters: 355.37 kPa
2.5.2 Total Vertical Effective Stress values
These values have been derived from the data output from Oasys.

For upper bound soil strength parameters: 207.57 kPa

For lower bound soil strength parameters: 230.37 kPa

2.6 Pile Capacity Design

Varying length ranges were analysed to determine the most efficient length of a 500mm diameter
with the applied load. The lengths ranged from 10m – 20m. Piles were required to satisfy both
design load combinations when upper and lower bound soil strength parameters are applied.

2.6.1 Pile capacities (UB)

For thew upper bound soil strength parameters the length of pile which satisfies both design load
combinations is 15m (85m OD) as seen in the table extracted below.

Combination
Pile Design with least Factored
Level length resistance resistance # load*
DA1-C1 DA1-C2 DA1-C1 DA1-C2
[mOD] [m] [kN] [kN] [kN] [kN]
90 10 721.01 493.53 2 1161.0(C) 860.00(C)
89 11 824.74 566.03 2 1161.0(C) 860.00(C)
88 12 934.98 643.18 2 1161.0(C) 860.00(C)
87 13 1051.7 724.98 2 1161.0(C) 860.00(C)
86 14 1175 811.42 2 1161.0(C) 860.00(C)
85 15 1304.7 902.52 2 1161.0(C) 860.00(C)
84 16 1441 998.26 2 1161.0(C) 860.00(C)
83 17 1583.8 1098.6 2 1161.0(C) 860.00(C)
82 18 1733.1 1203.7 2 1161.0(C) 860.00(C)
81 19 1888.8 1313.4 2 1161.0(C) 860.00(C)
80 20 2051.1 1427.7 2 1161.0(C) 860.00(C)
Table 4 - Pile Capacities for 10 - 20m lengths (Upper Bound)

The applied load for DA1 – C1 = 1161 kN

The design resistance for DA1 - C1 = 1304.7 kN

The applied load for DA1 – C2 = 860 kN

The design resistance for DA1 - C2 = 902.52 kN
2.6.2 Pile Capacities (LB)
For thew lower bound soil strength parameters the length of pile which satisfies both design load
combinations is 17m (83m OD) as seen in the table extracted below.

Combination
Pile Design with least Factored
Level length resistance resistance # load*
DA1-C1 DA1-C2 DA1-C1 DA1-C2
[mOD] [m] [kN] [kN] [kN] [kN]
90 10 619 429.22 2 1161.0(C) 860.00(C)
89 11 703.09 488.33 2 1161.0(C) 860.00(C)
88 12 792.64 551.34 2 1161.0(C) 860.00(C)
87 13 887.64 618.25 2 1161.0(C) 860.00(C)
86 14 988.1 689.05 2 1161.0(C) 860.00(C)
85 15 1094 763.74 2 1161.0(C) 860.00(C)
84 16 1205.4 842.33 2 1161.0(C) 860.00(C)
83 17 1322.2 924.81 2 1161.0(C) 860.00(C)
82 18 1444.4 1011.2 2 1161.0(C) 860.00(C)
81 19 1572.2 1101.5 2 1161.0(C) 860.00(C)
80 20 1705.3 1195.6 2 1161.0(C) 860.00(C)
Table 5 - Pile Capacities for 10 - 20m lengths (Lower Bound)

The applied load for DA1 – C1 = 1161 kN

The design resistance for DA1 - C1 = 1322.2 kN

The applied load for DA1 – C2 = 860 kN

The design resistance for DA1 - C2 = 924.81 kN

2.6.3 End Bearing Calculation

The unit end Bearing in clays is given by the following equation:

The total end bearing, QB is given by multiplying the unit end bearing by cross sectional area of the
pile base.

Cross sectional area = 0.196m2

For upper bound soil strength parameters:

qb = 9 x 108 = 972 kPa
QB = 0.196 x 972 = 190 kN

For lower bound soil strength parameters:

qb = 9 x 65 = 585 kPa
QB = 0.196 x 585 = 115 kN

2.6.4 Skin Friction in clay Calculation

These values have been derived from the data output from Oasys.

For upper bound soil strength parameters: 954.74 kN/m

For lower bound soil strength parameters: 1039.8 kN/m
2.7 Pile Capacity Curves

Lower Bound - Pile Capacity Curves

92

90

88

86
Level (mOD)

84

82

80

78
0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200 1400 1600 1800
Design Resistance (kN)

DA1-C1 DA1-C2

Figure 7 - Pile Capacity Curve - Lower Bound`

 Upper Bound - Pile Capacity Curves
92

90

88

86
Level (mOD)

84

82

80

78
0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500
Design Resistance (kN)

DA1-C1 DA1-C2

Figure 8 - Pile Capacity Curve - Upper Bound

2.8 Pile Settlement Analysis
The Pile settlement analysis is conducted using the Oasys Pile Software. This software utilises the
Mindlin method to determine the pile settlement for both upper and lower bound values for soil
strength parameters.

There are several methods of carrying out a pile settlement analysis. Namely:

1. Observational method – by back analysis of actual pile load tests carried out. This was the
most used methods proposed by Fleming in 1992. By calculating the total skin friction and
total end bearing a predicted pile load-settlement curve can be produced.
2. Analytical methods – these include the Randolph and Worth approach, the Mindlin method
and Castelli and Motta method.

An analytical method will be used for the settlement analysis – namely the Mindlin method – as it
incorporates a more complex approach of determining load settlement through the use of integrals
and finite difference techniques which requires software analysis. The pile is divided into a series of
individual elements and the stresses acting on each section or the pile and soil are considered to give
a more accurate analysis of settlement.

Figure 9 - The Mindlin Method

The pile settlement check is a serviceability check so the applied load taken will the unfactored (SLS)
loading of 860 kN. A successful pile settlement should be around 3mm – 5mm of settlement.

The Poisson’s ratio for stiff to soft clays is between 0.2 – 0.45, therefore a value of 0.3 has been used
for this analysis.

The young’s modulus (Eu) increases with depth in the bottom stiff clay layer, therefore average
Young’s modulus in the stiff clay layer has been used for this analysis.

Eu for the upper bound soil strength parameters:

Eu below pile toe = 64500 kPa
Eu above pile toe = 32375 kPa
Eu for the lower bound soil strength parameters:
Eu below pile toe = 50750 kPa
Eu above pile toe = 25500 kPa
2.8.1 Load Settlement Curves

Lower Bound Load Settlement Graph

Load (kN)
0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000
0

3
Settlement (mm)

Figure 10 - Pile Load Settlement Graph - Lower Bound

 Upper bound Load Settlement Graph
Load (kN)
0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000
0

0.5

1.5
Settlement (mm)

2.5

3.5

4.5

Figure 11 - Pile Load Settlement Graph - Lower Bound

 3. Discussion and Justifications

3.1 Pile Capacity Analysis Discussion

Using upper bound soil strength parameters provided a minimum pile length of 15m to satisfy both
design load combinations, whereas using lower bound soil strength parameter provided a minimum
plie length of 17m to satisfy both design load combinations. The length of pile is increased by 2m
using the lower bound soil parameters.

The soil stiffness is the key factor in influencing the pile performance in both loading conditions.

Due to the minimal difference in lengths of piles obtained from the preliminary design, it may be
beneficial to proceed with the pile design using the lower bound soil parameters as this is a more
conservative foundation approach with a 13% increase in in material use and cost from using upper
bound design values.

Further investigation can be carried out to refine the soil strength parameters to reiterate the design
and increase the efficiency of the piled.

3.2 Pile Settlement Analysis Discussion

The piles have been analysed in both lower and upper soil strength parameters and the predicted
settlement to the top of the pile head is indicated by the table below.

Lower Bound Upper Bound

Load Settlement Settlement
(kN) (mm) (mm)
86 0.53336 0.36631
172 1.0667 0.73262
258 1.6002 1.1199
344 2.2021 1.5542
430 2.8152 1.9887
516 3.4283 2.4231
602 4.0415 2.8576
688 4.6546 3.292
774 5.2677 3.7265
860 5.8809 4.1609
Table 6 - Pile loading against settlement for upper and lower bound soil strength parameters

This table shows the expected settlement of the piles increasing with each incremental increase in
load applied.

For the 17m pile designed to the lower bound soil parameters the total displacement experienced as
5.88mm. Whereas for the 15m pile designed to the upper bound soil parameters had a predicted
settlement of 4.16mm. Both of these values fall around the range of the acceptable settlement of a
pile. Using the lower bound parameter results in a higher settlement as the soil strength is taken to
be much weaker. Pile load testing will be necessary to ensure the piles do not settle past the
predictions.
4. References

1. AARSLEFF (2023). CFA Piles vs Driven Piles.

(Accessed 13th April 2023)
Available at: [Link]
piles/#:~:text=Benefits%20of%20CFA%3A&text=A%20broad%20range%20of%20auger,Low%
20noise%20emissions

2. J.A. Knappett, R.F Craig (2012). Craig’s Soil Mechanics. Part 2: Applications in geotechnical
engineering.
(Accessed 13th April 2023)

3. British Standards. Eurocode 7: Geotechnical Design – Part 1: General rules

(Accessed 13th April 2023)

4. British Standards. UK National Annex to Eurocode 7: Geotechnical Design – Part 1: General

rules.
(Accessed 13th April 2023)

5. Oasys Limited (2021) Oasys PILE (Version19.8) [Computer Program].

Available at: [Link]
(Accessed 15th April 2023)

6. I. Smith (2021) ‘Simith’s Elements of Soil Mechanics’. 10th Edition

(Accessed 25th April 2023)
5. Appendix

1. Oasys Pile lower bound Pile Capacity results

2. Oasys Pile upper bound Pile Capacity results
3. Oasys Pile lower bound – Settlement Analysis results
4. Oasys Pile upper bound – Settlement Analysis results
Oasys Ltd.

EG6022 Pile Design 1 - Ultimate Capacity (EC7) - Lower Bound 1

File Pile Ultimate Capacity (EC7) - Lower Bound 1 (10-20m).pls

Exported 05/14/23 [Link]

Pile [Link] 64-bit Copyright © 2000-2021

Analysis Options

START_TABLE
Design approach:
DA1(C1 + C2)
Pile type: CFA
Model factor: 1.4
Partial factor on negative
1 skin friction - Set A1:
Partial factor on negative
1 skin friction - Set A2:
Serviceability
Yesverified by load tests (preliminary/working) carried out on more than 1% of constructed piles to loads not less than 1.5 times the representative load for which t
Resistance verified
No by a maintained load test taken to the calculated, unfactored, ultimate resistance?
Is BS8004 SLSNocheck enabled?
Is pile capacity
No limited by pile material compressive strength?
Pile materialGrade
compressive
based strength calculation type
Limiting pile material0compressive strength[kPa]
Datum typeElevation based
Effective stress
Calculated
profile
END_TABLE

Pile Properties

START_TABLE
Pile type Solid
Material type
Concrete
Concrete code
EN 1992-1-1:2004 Eurocode 2
Concrete grade
C25/30
Concrete capacity factor
0.3
Pile cross-section
Circular
Under-reamNo
Calculation Range
profile
Minimum pile10.000
length
m
Maximum pile20.000
length
m
Increment size 1
END_TABLE

START_TABLE
Cross-section
Number of cross
Top Diameter
sections
Second Diameter
Second location
Diameter
Third Diameter
Third location
Diameter
[m] [m] [m] [m] [m]
Cross-section 1 1 0.5
END_TABLE

Undrained Materials - General Data

START_TABLE
No. Material description
Bulk unit weight
Cu material
Topfactor
Cu Base Cu
[kN/m³] [kPa] [kPa]
1 Firm to Stiff Clay 19.5 NA 10 10
2 Stiff Clay 21.4 NA 65 261.2
3 Rigid Boundary 21.4 NA 261.2 261.2
END_TABLE

Undrained Materials - Skin Friction Data

START_TABLE
No. Material description
Skin frictionAlpha
computation
q&/s; q&/"s lim";
 Top Base Spec. Value
[kPa] [kPa] [kPa]
1 Firm to StiffAlpha
Clay specified 1 NA NA No NA
2 Stiff Clay Alpha specified 0.81 NA NA No NA
3 Rigid Boundary
Alpha specified 0.35 NA NA No NA
END_TABLE

Undrained Materials - End Bearing Data

START_TABLE
No. Material description
End bearingNc computation
q&/b; q&/"b lim";
Top Base Spec. Value
[kPa] [kPa] [kPa]
1 Firm to StiffNc
Clay
specified 9 NA NA No NA
2 Stiff Clay Nc specified 9 NA NA No NA
3 Rigid Boundary
Nc specified 9 NA NA No NA
END_TABLE

Undrained Materials - Material Factors (Code Based)

START_TABLE
No. Material description
Qs factors Nc factorsQb factors
M1 M2 M1 M2 M1 M2
1 Firm to StiffN.A.
Clay N.A. 1 1 N.A. N.A.
2 Stiff Clay N.A. N.A. 1 1 N.A. N.A.
3 Rigid Boundary
N.A. N.A. 1 1 N.A. N.A.
END_TABLE

Drained Materials - General Data

START_TABLE
No. Material description
Bulk unit weight
Tan(d) material factor
[kN/m³]
1 Gravel Layer 21.2 NA
END_TABLE

Drained Materials - Friction Data

START_TABLE
No. Material description
Skin frictionBeta
computation
Delta (d) Coefficientq&/s;
of earth pressure
q&/"s K lim";
Top Base Spec. Value
[deg] [kPa] [kPa] [kPa]
1 Gravel LayerEarth pressure
NA 21.75 2 NA NA No NA
END_TABLE

Drained Materials - End Bearing Data

START_TABLE
No. Material description
End bearingNq
computation
Phi' PhiD Phicv' Id q&/b; q&/"b lim"; Nq-Phi curves
Top Base Spec. Value
[deg] [deg] [deg] [kPa] [kPa] [kPa]
1 Gravel LayerNq specified 19 NA NA NA NA NA NA No NA NA
END_TABLE

Drained Materials - Material Factors (Code Based)

START_TABLE
No. Material description
Qs factors Nq factorsQb factors
M1 M2 M1 M2 M1 M2
1 Gravel LayerN.A. N.A. 1 1 N.A. N.A.
END_TABLE

STAGE SPECIFIC DATA

Stage 0 : Initial Stage

Groundwater

START_TABLE
No. Level Pressure Unit weight of water
[m] [kPa] [kN/m³]
1 95.5 0 10
END_TABLE

Soil Profiles

Soil Profile 1: Soil Profile 1

START_TABLE
No. Level Material description
Contributes to negative skin friction
[mOD]
1 100 Firm to StiffNo
Clay
2 95.9 Gravel LayerNo
3 92.7 Stiff Clay No
4 60 Rigid Boundary
No
END_TABLE

Soil Profile - Groundwater Map

START_TABLE
No. Soil Profile Groundwater
1 Soil Profile 1Groundwater Profile 1
END_TABLE

Static Loads & Displacements

START_TABLE
Level Applied Prescribed soil
Load factor
load displacement
A1 A2
[mOD] [kN] [mm]
100 860 0 1.35 1
END_TABLE

CAPACITY RESULTS

Partial Resistance Factors Used:

DA1 C1
START_TABLE
Shaft resistance factor
1 for set R1 (Compression):
Base resistance factor1 for set R1:
Shaft resistance factor
1 for set R1 (Tension):
END_TABLE

DA1 C2
START_TABLE
Shaft resistance factor
1.4 for set R4 (Compression):
Base resistance factor
1.7 for set R4:
Shaft resistance factor
1.7 for set R4 (Tension):
END_TABLE

START_TABLE
Model factor: 1.4
END_TABLE

Stress Profiles

Soil Profile 1: Soil Profile 1

START_TABLE
Level * Density UndrainedNqCohesion Total vertical
Porewater
stress Effective
pressure vertical
Effective
stress
horizontal
Cumulative
stress*
skin friction
per unit perimeter
[mOD] [kN/m³] [kPa] [kPa] [kPa] [kPa] [kPa] [kN/m]
100 H 19.5 10 N.A. 0 0 0 NA 0
95.9 - 19.5 10 N.A. 79.95 0 79.95 NA 41
95.9 - 21.2 0 19 79.95 0 79.95 159.9 41
95.5 - 21.2 0 19 88.43 0 88.43 176.86 67.871
92.7 - 21.2 0 19 147.79 28 119.79 239.58 300.47
92.7 - 21.4 65 N.A. 147.79 28 119.79 NA 300.47
90 T 21.4 81.2 N.A. 205.57 55 150.57 NA 460.34
89 T 21.4 87.2 N.A. 226.97 65 161.97 NA 528.54
88 T 21.4 93.2 N.A. 248.37 75 173.37 NA 601.6
87 T 21.4 99.2 N.A. 269.77 85 184.77 NA 679.53
86 T 21.4 105.2 N.A. 291.17 95 196.17 NA 762.31
85 T 21.4 111.2 N.A. 312.57 105 207.57 NA 849.95
84 T 21.4 117.2 N.A. 333.97 115 218.97 NA 942.45
83 T 21.4 123.2 N.A. 355.37 125 230.37 NA 1039.8
82 T 21.4 129.2 N.A. 376.77 135 241.77 NA 1142
81 T 21.4 135.2 N.A. 398.17 145 253.17 NA 1249.1
80 T 21.4 141.2 N.A. 419.57 155 264.57 NA 1361.1
END_TABLE

* Annotation:
H: Pile head location
T: Pile toe locations corresponding to different pile lengths

* Effective horizontal stress not calculated for "Total Stress" materials and for Beta Method.

Cross-section 1 results:

Uniform pile with top shaft diameter = 0.50 m

Results - Compression

Soil Profile 1: Soil Profile 1

START_TABLE
Level Pile length Ultimate baseCumulative
capacityAverage
externalexternal
Friction
Negative
Friction
skin
Netfriction
ultimate resistance
(Q&/b;) (Q&/s;) (q&/s;) (Q&/nsf;)
[mOD] [m] [kN] [kN] [kN/m] [kN] [kN]
90 10 143.49 723.1 72.31 0 866.59
89 11 154.1 830.23 75.476 0 984.33
88 12 164.7 945 78.75 0 1109.7
87 13 175.3 1067.4 82.108 0 1242.7
86 14 185.9 1197.4 85.531 0 1383.3
85 15 196.51 1335.1 89.007 0 1531.6
84 16 207.11 1480.4 92.525 0 1687.5
83 17 217.71 1633.3 96.079 0 1851
82 18 228.32 1793.9 99.661 0 2022.2
81 19 238.92 1962.1 103.27 0 2201
80 20 249.52 2137.9 106.9 0 2387.5
END_TABLE

START_TABLE
Level Pile length Design resistance
Combination
Factored
with least
load*
resistance #
DA1-C1 DA1-C2 DA1-C1 DA1-C2
[mOD] [m] [kN] [kN] [kN] [kN]
 90 10 619 429.22 2 1161.0(C) 860.00(C)
89 11 703.09 488.33 2 1161.0(C) 860.00(C)
88 12 792.64 551.34 2 1161.0(C) 860.00(C)
87 13 887.64 618.25 2 1161.0(C) 860.00(C)
86 14 988.1 689.05 2 1161.0(C) 860.00(C)
85 15 1094 763.74 2 1161.0(C) 860.00(C)
84 16 1205.4 842.33 2 1161.0(C) 860.00(C)
83 17 1322.2 924.81 2 1161.0(C) 860.00(C)
82 18 1444.4 1011.2 2 1161.0(C) 860.00(C)
81 19 1572.2 1101.5 2 1161.0(C) 860.00(C)
80 20 1705.3 1195.6 2 1161.0(C) 860.00(C)
END_TABLE

# Limiting criteria :
1 : DA1 C1
2 : DA1 C2
*(C)-> Compression load, (T)-> Tension load
Note: Design resistance does not include any consideration of negative skin friction.

Nq Calculation Details

Soil Profile 1: Soil Profile 1 - Material Factor Set - 1

There are no pile toe levels in any drained material(with Berezantzev/Bolton option) in the given soil profile.

Soil Profile 1: Soil Profile 1 - Material Factor Set - 2

There are no pile toe levels in any drained material(with Berezantzev/Bolton option) in the given soil profile.

Results - Tension

Soil Profile 1: Soil Profile 1

START_TABLE
Level Pile length CumulativeAverage
externalexternal
Friction
Net ultimate
Friction
Design
resistance
resistance
CombinationFactored
with least
load*resistance #
(Q&/s;) (q&/s;) DA1-C1 DA1-C2 DA1-C1 DA1-C2
[mOD] [m] [kN] [kN/m] [kN] [kN] [kN] [kN] [kN]
90 10 723.1 72.31 723.1 516.5 303.82 2 N.A. N.A.
89 11 830.23 75.476 830.23 593.02 348.84 2 N.A. N.A.
88 12 945 78.75 945 675 397.06 2 N.A. N.A.
87 13 1067.4 82.108 1067.4 762.43 448.49 2 N.A. N.A.
86 14 1197.4 85.531 1197.4 855.31 503.12 2 N.A. N.A.
85 15 1335.1 89.007 1335.1 953.64 560.97 2 N.A. N.A.
84 16 1480.4 92.525 1480.4 1057.4 622.02 2 N.A. N.A.
83 17 1633.3 96.079 1633.3 1166.7 686.28 2 N.A. N.A.
82 18 1793.9 99.661 1793.9 1281.4 753.74 2 N.A. N.A.
81 19 1962.1 103.27 1962.1 1401.5 824.42 2 N.A. N.A.
80 20 2137.9 106.9 2137.9 1527.1 898.3 2 N.A. N.A.
END_TABLE

Note - The weight of the pile has not been included in the factored load.
# Limiting criteria :
1 : DA1 C1 [Shaft Tension]
2 : DA1 C2 [Shaft Tension]
*(C)-> Compression load, (T)-> Tension load
Note: Design resistance does not include any consideration of negative skin friction.
Oasys Ltd.

EG6022 Pile Design 1 - Ultimate Capacity (EC7) - Upper Bound 1

File Pile Ultimate Capacity (EC7) - Upper Bound 1 (10-20m).pls

Exported 05/14/23 [Link]

Pile [Link] 64-bit Copyright © 2000-2021

Analysis Options

START_TABLE
Design approach:
DA1(C1 + C2)
Pile type: CFA
Model factor: 1.4
Partial factor on negative
1 skin friction - Set A1:
Partial factor on negative
1 skin friction - Set A2:
Serviceability
Yesverified by load tests (preliminary/working) carried out on more than 1% of constructed piles to loads not less than 1.5 times the representative load for which they ar
Resistance verified
No by a maintained load test taken to the calculated, unfactored, ultimate resistance?
Is BS8004 SLSNocheck enabled?
Is pile capacity
No limited by pile material compressive strength?
Pile materialGrade
compressive
based strength calculation type
Limiting pile material0compressive strength[kPa]
Datum typeElevation based
Effective stress
Calculated
profile
END_TABLE

Pile Properties

START_TABLE
Pile type Solid
Material type
Concrete
Concrete code
EN 1992-1-1:2004 Eurocode 2
Concrete grade
C25/30
Concrete capacity factor
0.3
Pile cross-section
Circular
Under-reamNo
Calculation Range
profile
Minimum pile10.000
length
m
Maximum pile20.000
length
m
Increment size 1
END_TABLE

START_TABLE
Cross-section
Number of cross
Top Diameter
sections
Second Diameter
Secondlocation
Diameter
Third Diameter
Thirdlocation
Diameter
[m] [m] [m] [m] [m]
Cross-section 1 1 0.5
END_TABLE

Undrained Materials - General Data

START_TABLE
No. Material description
Bulk unit weight
Cu materialTop
factor
Cu Base Cu
[kN/m³] [kPa] [kPa]
1 Firm to Stiff Clay 19.5 NA 10 10
2 Stiff Clay 21.4 NA 108 435
3 Rigid Boundary 21.4 NA 435 435
END_TABLE

Undrained Materials - Skin Friction Data

START_TABLE
No. Material description
Skin frictionAlpha
computation
q&/s; q&/"s lim";
Top Base Spec. Value
 [kPa] [kPa] [kPa]
1 Firm to StiffAlpha
Clay specified 1 NA NA No NA
2 Stiff Clay Alpha specified 0.58 NA NA No NA
3 Rigid Boundary
Alpha specified 0.35 NA NA No NA
END_TABLE

Undrained Materials - End Bearing Data

START_TABLE
No. Material description
End bearingNccomputation
q&/b; q&/"b lim";
Top Base Spec. Value
[kPa] [kPa] [kPa]
1 Firm to StiffNc
Clay
specified 9 NA NA No NA
2 Stiff Clay Nc specified 9 NA NA No NA
3 Rigid Boundary
Nc specified 9 NA NA No NA
END_TABLE

Undrained Materials - Material Factors (Code Based)

START_TABLE
No. Material description
Qs factors Nc factors Qb factors
M1 M2 M1 M2 M1 M2
1 Firm to StiffN.A.
Clay N.A. 1 1 N.A. N.A.
2 Stiff Clay N.A. N.A. 1 1 N.A. N.A.
3 Rigid Boundary
N.A. N.A. 1 1 N.A. N.A.
END_TABLE

Drained Materials - General Data

START_TABLE
No. Material description
Bulk unit weight
Tan(d) material factor
[kN/m³]
1 Gravel Layer 21.2 NA
END_TABLE

Drained Materials - Friction Data

START_TABLE
No. Material description
Skin frictionBeta
computation
Delta (d) Coefficient of
q&/s;
earth pressure
q&/"sK lim";
Top Base Spec. Value
[deg] [kPa] [kPa] [kPa]
1 Gravel LayerEarth pressure
NA 21.75 2 NA NA No NA
END_TABLE

Drained Materials - End Bearing Data

START_TABLE
No. Material description
End bearingNq
computation
Phi' PhiD Phicv' Id q&/b; q&/"b lim"; Nq-Phi curves
Top Base Spec. Value
[deg] [deg] [deg] [kPa] [kPa] [kPa]
1 Gravel LayerNq specified 19 NA NA NA NA NA NA No NA NA
END_TABLE

Drained Materials - Material Factors (Code Based)

START_TABLE
No. Material description
Qs factors Nq factors Qb factors
M1 M2 M1 M2 M1 M2
1 Gravel LayerN.A. N.A. 1 1 N.A. N.A.
END_TABLE

STAGE SPECIFIC DATA

Stage 0 : Initial Stage

Groundwater

START_TABLE
No. Level Pressure Unit weight of water
[m] [kPa] [kN/m³]
1 95.5 0 10
END_TABLE

Soil Profiles

Soil Profile 1: Soil Profile 1

START_TABLE
No. Level Material description
Contributes to negative skin friction
[mOD]
1 100 Firm to StiffNo
Clay
2 95.9 Gravel LayerNo
3 92.7 Stiff Clay No
4 60 Rigid Boundary
No
END_TABLE

Soil Profile - Groundwater Map

START_TABLE
No. Soil Profile Groundwater
1 Soil Profile 1Groundwater Profile 1
END_TABLE

Static Loads & Displacements

START_TABLE
Level Applied Prescribed soil
Load factor
load displacement
A1 A2
[mOD] [kN] [mm]
100 860 0 1.35 1
END_TABLE

CAPACITY RESULTS

Partial Resistance Factors Used:

DA1 C1
START_TABLE
Shaft resistance factor
1 for set R1 (Compression):
Base resistance factor1 for set R1:
Shaft resistance factor
1 for set R1 (Tension):
END_TABLE

DA1 C2
START_TABLE
Shaft resistance factor
1.4 for set R4 (Compression):
Base resistance factor
1.7 for set R4:
Shaft resistance factor
1.7 for set R4 (Tension):
END_TABLE

START_TABLE
Model factor: 1.4
END_TABLE

Stress Profiles
Soil Profile 1: Soil Profile 1

START_TABLE
Level * Density Undrained Cohesion
Nq Total vertical
Porewater
stress pressure
Effective vertical stress Effective horizontal
Cumulative
stress*
skin friction
per unit perimeter
[mOD] [kN/m³] [kPa] [kPa] [kPa] [kPa] [kPa] [kN/m]
100 H 19.5 10 N.A. 0 0 0 NA 0
95.9 - 19.5 10 N.A. 79.95 0 79.95 NA 41
95.9 - 21.2 0 19 79.95 0 79.95 159.9 41
95.5 - 21.2 0 19 88.43 0 88.43 176.86 67.871
92.7 - 21.2 0 19 147.79 28 119.79 239.58 300.47
92.7 - 21.4 108 N.A. 147.79 28 119.79 NA 300.47
90 T 21.4 135 N.A. 205.57 55 150.57 NA 490.74
89 T 21.4 145 N.A. 226.97 65 161.97 NA 571.94
88 T 21.4 155 N.A. 248.37 75 173.37 NA 658.94
87 T 21.4 165 N.A. 269.77 85 184.77 NA 751.74
86 T 21.4 175 N.A. 291.17 95 196.17 NA 850.34
85 T 21.4 185 N.A. 312.57 105 207.57 NA 954.74
84 T 21.4 195 N.A. 333.97 115 218.97 NA 1064.9
83 T 21.4 205 N.A. 355.37 125 230.37 NA 1180.9
82 T 21.4 215 N.A. 376.77 135 241.77 NA 1302.7
81 T 21.4 225 N.A. 398.17 145 253.17 NA 1430.3
80 T 21.4 235 N.A. 419.57 155 264.57 NA 1563.7
END_TABLE

* Annotation:
H: Pile head location
T: Pile toe locations corresponding to different pile lengths

* Effective horizontal stress not calculated for "Total Stress" materials and for Beta Method.

Cross-section 1 results:

Uniform pile with top shaft diameter = 0.50 m

Results - Compression

Soil Profile 1: Soil Profile 1

START_TABLE
Level Pile length Ultimate baseCumulative
capacity Average
external external
Friction
Negative
Friction
skin
Net
friction
ultimate resistance
(Q&/b;) (Q&/s;) (q&/s;) (Q&/nsf;)
[mOD] [m] [kN] [kN] [kN/m] [kN] [kN]
90 10 238.56 770.85 77.085 0 1009.4
89 11 256.24 898.4 81.673 0 1154.6
88 12 273.91 1035.1 86.255 0 1309
87 13 291.58 1180.8 90.833 0 1472.4
86 14 309.25 1335.7 95.408 0 1645
85 15 326.92 1499.7 99.98 0 1826.6
84 16 344.59 1672.8 104.55 0 2017.4
83 17 362.26 1855 109.12 0 2217.3
82 18 379.94 2046.3 113.69 0 2426.3
81 19 397.61 2246.8 118.25 0 2644.4
80 20 415.28 2456.3 122.82 0 2871.6
END_TABLE

START_TABLE
Level Pile length Design resistance
CombinationFactored
with least
load*
resistance #
DA1-C1 DA1-C2 DA1-C1 DA1-C2
[mOD] [m] [kN] [kN] [kN] [kN]
90 10 721.01 493.53 2 1161.0(C) 860.00(C)
89 11 824.74 566.03 2 1161.0(C) 860.00(C)
88 12 934.98 643.18 2 1161.0(C) 860.00(C)
87 13 1051.7 724.98 2 1161.0(C) 860.00(C)
 86 14 1175 811.42 2 1161.0(C) 860.00(C)
85 15 1304.7 902.52 2 1161.0(C) 860.00(C)
84 16 1441 998.26 2 1161.0(C) 860.00(C)
83 17 1583.8 1098.6 2 1161.0(C) 860.00(C)
82 18 1733.1 1203.7 2 1161.0(C) 860.00(C)
81 19 1888.8 1313.4 2 1161.0(C) 860.00(C)
80 20 2051.1 1427.7 2 1161.0(C) 860.00(C)
END_TABLE

# Limiting criteria :
1 : DA1 C1
2 : DA1 C2
*(C)-> Compression load, (T)-> Tension load
Note: Design resistance does not include any consideration of negative skin friction.

Nq Calculation Details

Soil Profile 1: Soil Profile 1 - Material Factor Set - 1

There are no pile toe levels in any drained material(with Berezantzev/Bolton option) in the given soil profile.

Soil Profile 1: Soil Profile 1 - Material Factor Set - 2

There are no pile toe levels in any drained material(with Berezantzev/Bolton option) in the given soil profile.

Results - Tension

Soil Profile 1: Soil Profile 1

START_TABLE
Level Pile length Cumulative Average
external external
Friction
Net ultimate
Friction
Design
resistance
resistance
CombinationFactored
with least
load*
resistance #
(Q&/s;) (q&/s;) DA1-C1 DA1-C2 DA1-C1 DA1-C2
[mOD] [m] [kN] [kN/m] [kN] [kN] [kN] [kN] [kN]
90 10 770.85 77.085 770.85 550.61 323.89 2 N.A. N.A.
89 11 898.4 81.673 898.4 641.71 377.48 2 N.A. N.A.
88 12 1035.1 86.255 1035.1 739.33 434.9 2 N.A. N.A.
87 13 1180.8 90.833 1180.8 843.45 496.15 2 N.A. N.A.
86 14 1335.7 95.408 1335.7 954.08 561.22 2 N.A. N.A.
85 15 1499.7 99.98 1499.7 1071.2 630.13 2 N.A. N.A.
84 16 1672.8 104.55 1672.8 1194.9 702.86 2 N.A. N.A.
83 17 1855 109.12 1855 1325 779.42 2 N.A. N.A.
82 18 2046.3 113.69 2046.3 1461.7 859.81 2 N.A. N.A.
81 19 2246.8 118.25 2246.8 1604.8 944.02 2 N.A. N.A.
80 20 2456.3 122.82 2456.3 1754.5 1032.1 2 N.A. N.A.
END_TABLE

Note - The weight of the pile has not been included in the factored load.
# Limiting criteria :
1 : DA1 C1 [Shaft Tension]
2 : DA1 C2 [Shaft Tension]
*(C)-> Compression load, (T)-> Tension load
Note: Design resistance does not include any consideration of negative skin friction.
Oasys Ltd.

EG6022 Pile Design 1 - Ultimate Capacity (EC7) - Lower Bound 1 (17m)

File Pile Settlement Analysis (EC7) - Lower Bound 1 (17m).pls

Exported 05/15/23 [Link]

Pile [Link] 64-bit Copyright © 2000-2021

Analysis Options

START_TABLE
Datum typeElevation based
Effective stress
Calculated
profile
Rigid boundary
60.000
level
mOD
Poisson's ratio of soil
0.3
Young's modulus
[Link]
soil above toe level of pile
Young's modulus
[Link]
soil below toe level of pile
Number of pile elements
15
Increment type:
Loads only
Number of load increments
100
Increment results
10 increments
would be printed once every
Include effect
Yesof soil above pile base in base displacement calculation
END_TABLE

Pile Properties

START_TABLE
Pile type Solid
Material typeConcrete
Concrete codeEN 1992-1-1:2004 Eurocode 2
Concrete grade
C25/30
Concrete capacity factor
0.3
Pile cross-section
Circular
Under-reamNo
Use differentNovalues of Young's modulus for compression and tension
Young's modulus
20.000E+6
of pile
kPa
Is fixed headNoboundary condition active?
Calculation Single
profile
Pile length 15.000 m
END_TABLE

START_TABLE
Cross-section
Number of cross
Top Diameter
sections
Second Diameter
Secondlocation
Diameter
Third Diameter
Thirdlocation
Diameter
[m] [m] [m] [m] [m]
Cross-section 1 1 0.5
END_TABLE

Undrained Materials - General Data

START_TABLE
No. Material description
Bulk unit weight
Cu materialTop
factor
Cu Base Cu
[kN/m³] [kPa] [kPa]
1 Firm to Stiff Clay 19.5 NA 10 10
2 Stiff Clay 21.4 NA 65 261.2
3 Rigid Boundary 21.4 NA 261.2 261.2
END_TABLE

Undrained Materials - Skin Friction Data

START_TABLE
No. Material description
Skin frictionAlpha
computation
q&/s; q&/"s lim";
Top Base Spec. Value
[kPa] [kPa] [kPa]
1 Firm to StiffAlpha
Clay specified 1 NA NA No NA
2 Stiff Clay Alpha specified 0.81 NA NA No NA
3 Rigid Boundary
Alpha specified 0.35 NA NA No NA
END_TABLE

Undrained Materials - End Bearing Data

START_TABLE
No. Material description
End bearingNccomputation
q&/b; q&/"b lim";
Top Base Spec. Value
[kPa] [kPa] [kPa]
1 Firm to StiffNc
Clay
specified 9 NA NA No NA
2 Stiff Clay Nc specified 9 NA NA No NA
3 Rigid Boundary
Nc specified 9 NA NA No NA
END_TABLE

Undrained Materials - Material Factors (Code Based)

START_TABLE
No. Material description
Qs factors Nc factors Qb factors
M1 M2 M1 M2 M1 M2
1 Firm to StiffN.A.
Clay N.A. 1 1 N.A. N.A.
2 Stiff Clay N.A. N.A. 1 1 N.A. N.A.
3 Rigid Boundary
N.A. N.A. 1 1 N.A. N.A.
END_TABLE

Drained Materials - General Data

START_TABLE
No. Material description
Bulk unit weight
Tan(d) material factor
[kN/m³]
1 Gravel Layer 21.2 NA
END_TABLE

Drained Materials - Friction Data

START_TABLE
No. Material description
Skin frictionBeta
computation
Delta (d) Coefficient of
q&/s;
earth pressure
q&/"s K lim";
Top Base Spec. Value
[deg] [kPa] [kPa] [kPa]
1 Gravel LayerEarth pressure
NA 21.75 2 NA NA No NA
END_TABLE

Drained Materials - End Bearing Data

START_TABLE
No. Material description
End bearingNq
computation
Phi' PhiD Phicv' Id q&/b; q&/"b lim"; Nq-Phi curves
Top Base Spec. Value
[deg] [deg] [deg] [kPa] [kPa] [kPa]
1 Gravel LayerNq specified 19 NA NA NA NA NA NA No NA NA
END_TABLE

Drained Materials - Material Factors (Code Based)

START_TABLE
No. Material description
Qs factors Nq factors Qb factors
 M1 M2 M1 M2 M1 M2
1 Gravel LayerN.A. N.A. 1 1 N.A. N.A.
END_TABLE

Nq-Phi curve data

Curve 1 : Nq-Phi Curve 1

START_TABLE
Nq Phi'
[deg]
END_TABLE

Convergence Control Data

START_TABLE
Maximum number 1000
of iterations
Tolerance for
0.010000
displacement
mm
Tolerance for
1.0000
skin friction
kPa
Damping coefficient 1
END_TABLE

STAGE SPECIFIC DATA

Stage 0 : Initial Stage

Groundwater

START_TABLE
No. Level Pressure Unit weight of water
[m] [kPa] [kN/m³]
1 95.5 0 10
END_TABLE

Soil Profiles

Soil Profile 1: Soil Profile 1

START_TABLE
No. Level Material description
Contributes to negative skin friction
[mOD]
1 100 Firm to StiffNo
Clay
2 95.9 Gravel LayerNo
3 92.7 Stiff Clay No
4 60 Rigid Boundary
No
END_TABLE

Soil Profile - Groundwater Map

START_TABLE
No. Soil Profile Groundwater
1 Soil Profile 1Groundwater Profile 1
END_TABLE

Static Loads & Displacements

START_TABLE
Level Applied Prescribed soil
Load factor
load displacement
A1 A2
[mOD] [kN] [mm]
100 860 0 1.35 1
END_TABLE

Calculated Limiting shaft skin friction

Soil Profile 1: Soil Profile 1

Cross Section 1

START_TABLE
Level Limiting shaft skin friction
[mOD] [kPa]
100 10
95.9 10
95.9 63.794
92.7 95.583
92.7 52.65
85 90.072
END_TABLE

SETTLEMENT RESULTS

Soil Profile 1: Soil Profile 1

Results for length 15.000 [m] Cross-section 1 Load increment 10

Load applied to pile = 86.000 kN

Converged at iteration number = 3
Maximum displacement = 0.53336 mm at node 1
Displacement error = 0.0 mm
Skin friction error = 0.0 kPa

Stresses and Displacements along Pile

START_TABLE
Level Shaft skin Pile Pile
friction stress displacement
[mOD] [kPa] [kPa] [mm]
99.5 3.3508 424.59 0.53336
98.5 3.282 398.06 0.5128
97.5 3.2005 372.13 0.49355
96.5 3.0854 346.99 0.47558
95.5 2.9765 322.74 0.45885
94.5 2.8781 299.32 0.44331
93.5 2.7925 276.64 0.42892
92.5 2.7213 254.58 0.41565
91.5 2.6662 233.03 0.40346
90.5 2.6298 211.85 0.39234
89.5 2.6169 190.86 0.38228
88.5 2.6356 169.85 0.37326
87.5 2.7151 148.45 0.36529
86.5 2.8052 126.37 0.35841
85.5 4.4588 97.312 0.35266
END_TABLE
Base pressure = 81.815 kPa Base displacement = 0.35040 mm

Results for length 15.000 [m] Cross-section 1 Load increment 20

Load applied to pile = 172.00 kN

Converged at iteration number = 3
Maximum displacement = 1.0667 mm at node 1
Displacement error = 0.0 mm
Skin friction error = 0.0 kPa

Stresses and Displacements along Pile

START_TABLE
Level Shaft skin Pile Pile
friction stress displacement
[mOD] [kPa] [kPa] [mm]
99.5 6.7016 849.18 1.0667
98.5 6.5641 796.12 1.0256
97.5 6.401 744.26 0.9871
96.5 6.1708 693.97 0.95117
95.5 5.9531 645.48 0.9177
94.5 5.7562 598.64 0.88662
93.5 5.585 553.28 0.85784
92.5 5.4426 509.17 0.83129
91.5 5.3324 466.07 0.80692
90.5 5.2597 423.7 0.78469
89.5 5.2338 381.72 0.76455
88.5 5.2712 339.7 0.74651
87.5 5.4301 296.9 0.73058
86.5 5.6104 252.74 0.71683
85.5 8.9176 194.62 0.70531
END_TABLE

Base pressure = 163.63 kPa Base displacement = 0.70081 mm

Results for length 15.000 [m] Cross-section 1 Load increment 30

Load applied to pile = 258.00 kN

Converged at iteration number = 3
Maximum displacement = 1.6002 mm at node 1
Displacement error = 3.4654E-6 mm
Skin friction error = 28.014E-6 kPa

Stresses and Displacements along Pile

START_TABLE
Level Shaft skin Pile Pile
friction stress displacement
[mOD] [kPa] [kPa] [mm]
99.5 10 1274 1.6002
98.5 9.8761 1194.5 1.5385
97.5 9.605 1116.6 1.4808
96.5 9.2593 1041.1 1.4269
95.5 8.9318 968.33 1.3767
94.5 8.636 898.06 1.33
93.5 8.3789 830 1.2869
92.5 8.1651 763.83 1.247
91.5 7.9997 699.17 1.2105
 90.5 7.8905 635.61 1.1771
89.5 7.8516 572.64 1.1469
88.5 7.9076 509.6 1.1199
87.5 8.146 445.39 1.096
86.5 8.4165 379.14 1.0753
85.5 13.378 291.96 1.058
END_TABLE

Base pressure = 245.46 kPa Base displacement = 1.0513 mm

Results for length 15.000 [m] Cross-section 1 Load increment 40

Load applied to pile = 344.00 kN

Converged at iteration number = 3
Maximum displacement = 2.2021 mm at node 1
Displacement error = 0.0021579 mm
Skin friction error = 0.24169 kPa

Stresses and Displacements along Pile

START_TABLE
Level Shaft skin Pile Pile
friction stress displacement
[mOD] [kPa] [kPa] [mm]
99.5 10 1712 2.2021
98.5 10 1632 2.1185
97.5 10 1552 2.0391
96.5 10 1472 1.9638
95.5 15.16 1371.3 1.8925
94.5 12.59 1260.3 1.8273
93.5 12.067 1161.7 1.7671
92.5 11.613 1067 1.7117
91.5 11.293 975.36 1.661
90.5 11.08 885.87 1.6148
89.5 10.981 797.63 1.5731
88.5 11.026 709.6 1.5357
87.5 11.329 620.18 1.5027
86.5 11.683 528.13 1.4743
85.5 18.529 407.28 1.4506
END_TABLE

Base pressure = 336.52 kPa Base displacement = 1.4413 mm

Results for length 15.000 [m] Cross-section 1 Load increment 50

Load applied to pile = 430.00 kN

Converged at iteration number = 3
Maximum displacement = 2.8152 mm at node 1
Displacement error = 0.0021579 mm
Skin friction error = 0.24169 kPa

Stresses and Displacements along Pile

START_TABLE
Level Shaft skin Pile Pile
friction stress displacement
[mOD] [kPa] [kPa] [mm]
99.5 10 2150 2.8152
98.5 10 2070 2.7098
 97.5 10 1990 2.6084
96.5 10 1910 2.5112
95.5 22.117 1781.5 2.418
94.5 16.734 1626.1 2.3337
93.5 15.916 1495.5 2.256
92.5 15.188 1371.1 2.1848
91.5 14.695 1251.6 2.1196
90.5 14.366 1135.3 2.0602
89.5 14.2 1021 2.0067
88.5 14.227 907.34 1.9588
87.5 14.593 792.06 1.9166
86.5 15.028 673.58 1.8802
85.5 23.798 518.28 1.8498
END_TABLE

Base pressure = 429.16 kPa Base displacement = 1.8380 mm

Results for length 15.000 [m] Cross-section 1 Load increment 60

Load applied to pile = 516.00 kN

Converged at iteration number = 3
Maximum displacement = 3.4283 mm at node 1
Displacement error = 0.0021579 mm
Skin friction error = 0.24169 kPa

Stresses and Displacements along Pile

START_TABLE
Level Shaft skin Pile Pile
friction stress displacement
[mOD] [kPa] [kPa] [mm]
99.5 10 2588 3.4283
98.5 10 2508 3.301
97.5 10 2428 3.1778
96.5 10 2348 3.0586
95.5 29.074 2191.7 2.9436
94.5 20.877 1991.9 2.8401
93.5 19.765 1829.3 2.745
92.5 18.763 1675.2 2.6578
91.5 18.097 1527.7 2.5781
90.5 17.652 1384.7 2.5057
89.5 17.418 1244.5 2.4403
88.5 17.428 1105.1 2.3818
87.5 17.857 963.95 2.3304
86.5 18.373 819.03 2.2861
85.5 29.068 629.27 2.2491
END_TABLE

Base pressure = 521.79 kPa Base displacement = 2.2347 mm

Results for length 15.000 [m] Cross-section 1 Load increment 70

Load applied to pile = 602.00 kN

Converged at iteration number = 3
Maximum displacement = 4.0415 mm at node 1
Displacement error = 0.0021579 mm
Skin friction error = 0.24169 kPa

Stresses and Displacements along Pile

START_TABLE
Level Shaft skin Pile Pile
friction stress displacement
[mOD] [kPa] [kPa] [mm]
99.5 10 3026 4.0415
98.5 10 2946 3.8922
97.5 10 2866 3.7471
96.5 10 2786 3.6061
95.5 36.031 2601.8 3.4691
94.5 25.02 2357.6 3.3465
93.5 23.614 2163.1 3.234
92.5 22.338 1979.3 3.1308
91.5 21.5 1803.9 3.0367
90.5 20.938 1634.2 2.9511
89.5 20.636 1467.9 2.8739
88.5 20.629 1302.8 2.8049
87.5 21.121 1135.8 2.7442
86.5 21.718 964.48 2.692
85.5 34.337 740.26 2.6484
END_TABLE

Base pressure = 614.42 kPa Base displacement = 2.6315 mm

Results for length 15.000 [m] Cross-section 1 Load increment 80

Load applied to pile = 688.00 kN

Converged at iteration number = 3
Maximum displacement = 4.6546 mm at node 1
Displacement error = 0.0021579 mm
Skin friction error = 0.24169 kPa

Stresses and Displacements along Pile

START_TABLE
Level Shaft skin Pile Pile
friction stress displacement
[mOD] [kPa] [kPa] [mm]
99.5 10 3464 4.6546
98.5 10 3384 4.4835
97.5 10 3304 4.3164
96.5 10 3224 4.1535
95.5 42.988 3012 3.9946
94.5 29.163 2723.4 3.8529
93.5 27.463 2496.9 3.7229
92.5 25.913 2283.4 3.6039
91.5 24.902 2080.1 3.4952
90.5 24.224 1883.6 3.3965
89.5 23.855 1691.3 3.3075
88.5 23.83 1500.6 3.228
87.5 24.385 1307.7 3.1581
86.5 25.063 1109.9 3.0979
85.5 39.607 851.25 3.0477
END_TABLE

Base pressure = 707.05 kPa Base displacement = 3.0282 mm

Results for length 15.000 [m] Cross-section 1 Load increment 90

Load applied to pile = 774.00 kN
Converged at iteration number = 3
Maximum displacement = 5.2677 mm at node 1
Displacement error = 0.0021579 mm
Skin friction error = 0.24169 kPa

Stresses and Displacements along Pile

START_TABLE
Level Shaft skin Pile Pile
friction stress displacement
[mOD] [kPa] [kPa] [mm]
99.5 10 3901.9 5.2677
98.5 10 3821.9 5.0747
97.5 10 3741.9 4.8858
96.5 10 3661.9 4.7009
95.5 49.945 3422.2 4.5202
94.5 33.306 3089.2 4.3594
93.5 31.312 2830.7 4.2119
92.5 29.488 2587.5 4.0769
91.5 28.304 2356.3 3.9538
90.5 27.51 2133.1 3.8419
89.5 27.073 1914.7 3.7411
88.5 27.031 1698.3 3.6511
87.5 27.649 1479.6 3.5719
86.5 28.408 1255.4 3.5037
85.5 44.876 962.24 3.447
END_TABLE

Base pressure = 799.68 kPa Base displacement = 3.4249 mm

Results for length 15.000 [m] Cross-section 1 Load increment 100

Load applied to pile = 860.00 kN

Converged at iteration number = 3
Maximum displacement = 5.8809 mm at node 1
Displacement error = 0.0021579 mm
Skin friction error = 0.24169 kPa

Stresses and Displacements along Pile

START_TABLE
Level Shaft skin Pile Pile
friction stress displacement
[mOD] [kPa] [kPa] [mm]
99.5 10 4339.9 5.8809
98.5 10 4259.9 5.6659
97.5 10 4179.9 5.4551
96.5 10 4099.9 5.2484
95.5 56.902 3832.3 5.0457
94.5 37.449 3454.9 4.8658
93.5 35.161 3164.5 4.7008
92.5 33.063 2891.6 4.55
91.5 31.706 2632.5 4.4123
90.5 30.796 2382.5 4.2873
89.5 30.291 2138.2 4.1747
88.5 30.232 1896.1 4.0741
87.5 30.913 1651.5 3.9857
86.5 31.754 1400.8 3.9096
85.5 50.146 1073.2 3.8463
END_TABLE

Base pressure = 892.31 kPa Base displacement = 3.8216 mm

Oasys Ltd.

EG6022 Pile Design 1 - Ultimate Capacity (EC7) - Upper Bound 1 (15m)

File Pile Settlement Analysis (EC7) - Upper Bound 1 (15m).pls

Exported 05/15/23 [Link]

Pile [Link] 64-bit Copyright © 2000-2021

Analysis Options

START_TABLE
Datum typeElevation based
Effective stress
Calculated
profile
Rigid boundary
60.000
level
mOD
Poisson's ratio of soil
0.3
Young's modulus
[Link]
soil above toe level of pile
Young's modulus
[Link]
soil below toe level of pile
Number of pile elements
15
Increment type:
Loads only
Number of load increments
100
Increment results
10 increments
would be printed once every
Include effect
Yesof soil above pile base in base displacement calculation
END_TABLE

Pile Properties

START_TABLE
Pile type Solid
Material typeConcrete
Concrete codeEN 1992-1-1:2004 Eurocode 2
Concrete grade
C25/30
Concrete capacity factor
0.3
Pile cross-section
Circular
Under-reamNo
Use differentNovalues of Young's modulus for compression and tension
Young's modulus
20.000E+6
of pile
kPa
Is fixed headNoboundary condition active?
Calculation Single
profile
Pile length 15.000 m
END_TABLE

START_TABLE
Cross-section
Number of cross
Top Diameter
sections
Second Diameter
Secondlocation
Diameter
Third Diameter
Thirdlocation
Diameter
[m] [m] [m] [m] [m]
Cross-section 1 1 0.5
END_TABLE

Undrained Materials - General Data

START_TABLE
No. Material description
Bulk unit weight
Cu materialTop
factor
Cu Base Cu
[kN/m³] [kPa] [kPa]
1 Firm to Stiff Clay 19.5 NA 10 10
2 Stiff Clay 21.4 NA 108 435
3 Rigid Boundary 21.4 NA 435 435
END_TABLE

Undrained Materials - Skin Friction Data

START_TABLE
No. Material description
Skin frictionAlpha
computation
q&/s; q&/"s lim";
Top Base Spec. Value
[kPa] [kPa] [kPa]
1 Firm to StiffAlpha
Clay specified 1 NA NA No NA
2 Stiff Clay Alpha specified 0.58 NA NA No NA
3 Rigid Boundary
Alpha specified 0.35 NA NA No NA
END_TABLE

Undrained Materials - End Bearing Data

START_TABLE
No. Material description
End bearingNccomputation
q&/b; q&/"b lim";
Top Base Spec. Value
[kPa] [kPa] [kPa]
1 Firm to StiffNc
Clay
specified 9 NA NA No NA
2 Stiff Clay Nc specified 9 NA NA No NA
3 Rigid Boundary
Nc specified 9 NA NA No NA
END_TABLE

Undrained Materials - Material Factors (Code Based)

START_TABLE
No. Material description
Qs factors Nc factors Qb factors
M1 M2 M1 M2 M1 M2
1 Firm to StiffN.A.
Clay N.A. 1 1 N.A. N.A.
2 Stiff Clay N.A. N.A. 1 1 N.A. N.A.
3 Rigid Boundary
N.A. N.A. 1 1 N.A. N.A.
END_TABLE

Drained Materials - General Data

START_TABLE
No. Material description
Bulk unit weight
Tan(d) material factor
[kN/m³]
1 Gravel Layer 21.2 NA
END_TABLE

Drained Materials - Friction Data

START_TABLE
No. Material description
Skin frictionBeta
computation
Delta (d) Coefficient of
q&/s;
earth pressure
q&/"s K lim";
Top Base Spec. Value
[deg] [kPa] [kPa] [kPa]
1 Gravel LayerEarth pressure
NA 21.75 2 NA NA No NA
END_TABLE

Drained Materials - End Bearing Data

START_TABLE
No. Material description
End bearingNq
computation
Phi' PhiD Phicv' Id q&/b; q&/"b lim"; Nq-Phi curves
Top Base Spec. Value
[deg] [deg] [deg] [kPa] [kPa] [kPa]
1 Gravel LayerNq specified 19 NA NA NA NA NA NA No NA NA
END_TABLE

Drained Materials - Material Factors (Code Based)

START_TABLE
No. Material description
Qs factors Nq factors Qb factors
 M1 M2 M1 M2 M1 M2
1 Gravel LayerN.A. N.A. 1 1 N.A. N.A.
END_TABLE

Convergence Control Data

START_TABLE
Maximum number 1000
of iterations
Tolerance for
0.010000
displacement
mm
Tolerance for
1.0000
skin friction
kPa
Damping coefficient 1
END_TABLE

STAGE SPECIFIC DATA

Stage 0 : Initial Stage

Groundwater

START_TABLE
No. Level Pressure Unit weight of water
[m] [kPa] [kN/m³]
1 95.5 0 10
END_TABLE

Soil Profiles

Soil Profile 1: Soil Profile 1

START_TABLE
No. Level Material description
Contributes to negative skin friction
[mOD]
1 100 Firm to StiffNo
Clay
2 95.9 Gravel LayerNo
3 92.7 Stiff Clay No
4 60 Rigid Boundary
No
END_TABLE

Soil Profile - Groundwater Map

START_TABLE
No. Soil Profile Groundwater
1 Soil Profile 1Groundwater Profile 1
END_TABLE

Static Loads & Displacements

START_TABLE
Level Applied Prescribed soil
Load factor
load displacement
A1 A2
[mOD] [kN] [mm]
100 860 0 1.35 1
END_TABLE

Calculated Limiting shaft skin friction

Soil Profile 1: Soil Profile 1

Cross Section 1

START_TABLE
Level Limiting shaft skin friction
[mOD] [kPa]
100 10
95.9 10
95.9 63.794
92.7 95.583
92.7 62.64
85 107.3
END_TABLE

Stage specific warnings

SETTLEMENT RESULTS

Soil Profile 1: Soil Profile 1

Results for length 15.000 [m] Cross-section 1 Load increment 10

Load applied to pile = 86.000 kN

Converged at iteration number = 3
Maximum displacement = 0.36631 mm at node 1
Displacement error = 0.0 mm
Skin friction error = 0.0 kPa

Stresses and Displacements along Pile

START_TABLE
Level Shaft skin Pile Pile
friction stress displacement
[mOD] [kPa] [kPa] [mm]
99.5 4.1205 421.51 0.36631
98.5 3.8415 389.66 0.34606
97.5 3.6312 359.77 0.32734
96.5 3.4004 331.65 0.31008
95.5 3.1927 305.28 0.29418
94.5 3.0083 280.47 0.27955
93.5 2.8474 257.05 0.26613
92.5 2.7096 234.82 0.25385
91.5 2.5951 213.6 0.24265
90.5 2.5051 193.2 0.23249
89.5 2.4428 173.41 0.22333
88.5 2.4148 153.98 0.21515
87.5 2.4461 134.53 0.20793
86.5 2.4928 114.78 0.2017
85.5 3.9088 89.173 0.19645
END_TABLE

Base pressure = 75.547 kPa Base displacement = 0.19439 mm

Results for length 15.000 [m] Cross-section 1 Load increment 20

Load applied to pile = 172.00 kN

Converged at iteration number = 3
Maximum displacement = 0.73262 mm at node 1
Displacement error = 0.0 mm
Skin friction error = 0.0 kPa

Stresses and Displacements along Pile

START_TABLE
Level Shaft skin Pile Pile
friction stress displacement
[mOD] [kPa] [kPa] [mm]
99.5 8.2411 843.02 0.73262
98.5 7.6829 779.33 0.69212
97.5 7.2623 719.55 0.65469
96.5 6.8008 663.3 0.62016
95.5 6.3853 610.55 0.58836
94.5 6.0166 560.94 0.55911
93.5 5.6948 514.1 0.53227
92.5 5.4193 469.64 0.5077
91.5 5.1902 427.2 0.4853
90.5 5.0102 386.4 0.46498
89.5 4.8857 346.82 0.44666
88.5 4.8297 307.96 0.4303
87.5 4.8921 269.07 0.41587
86.5 4.9856 229.56 0.40339
85.5 7.8175 178.35 0.39291
END_TABLE

Base pressure = 151.09 kPa Base displacement = 0.38877 mm

Results for length 15.000 [m] Cross-section 1 Load increment 30

Load applied to pile = 258.00 kN

Converged at iteration number = 3
Maximum displacement = 1.1199 mm at node 1
Displacement error = 0.0017976 mm
Skin friction error = 0.28947 kPa

Stresses and Displacements along Pile

START_TABLE
Level Shaft skin Pile Pile
friction stress displacement
[mOD] [kPa] [kPa] [mm]
99.5 10 1274 1.1199
98.5 10 1194 1.0583
97.5 10 1114 1.0008
96.5 10 1034 0.94739
95.5 10.64 951.42 0.89807
94.5 9.4697 870.99 0.85301
93.5 8.9024 797.5 0.81173
92.5 8.4212 728.2 0.77402
91.5 8.0351 662.38 0.73967
90.5 7.7352 599.3 0.70854
89.5 7.5271 538.25 0.6805
88.5 7.4285 478.43 0.65547
87.5 7.5141 418.66 0.63342
 86.5 7.6493 358 0.61437
85.5 11.979 279.49 0.59838
END_TABLE

Base pressure = 230.11 kPa Base displacement = 0.59207 mm

Results for length 15.000 [m] Cross-section 1 Load increment 40

Load applied to pile = 344.00 kN

Converged at iteration number = 3
Maximum displacement = 1.5542 mm at node 1
Displacement error = 0.0018405 mm
Skin friction error = 0.29667 kPa

Stresses and Displacements along Pile

START_TABLE
Level Shaft skin Pile Pile
friction stress displacement
[mOD] [kPa] [kPa] [mm]
99.5 10 1712 1.5542
98.5 10 1632 1.4707
97.5 10 1552 1.3913
96.5 10 1472 1.316
95.5 18.597 1357.6 1.2448
94.5 14.023 1227.1 1.1811
93.5 13.023 1118.9 1.1229
92.5 12.146 1018.2 1.07
91.5 11.492 923.7 1.0219
90.5 10.995 833.75 0.97836
89.5 10.649 747.17 0.93926
88.5 10.471 662.69 0.90442
87.5 10.559 578.57 0.87377
86.5 10.723 493.44 0.84735
85.5 16.748 383.56 0.82521
END_TABLE

Base pressure = 317.33 kPa Base displacement = 0.81650 mm

Results for length 15.000 [m] Cross-section 1 Load increment 50

Load applied to pile = 430.00 kN

Converged at iteration number = 3
Maximum displacement = 1.9887 mm at node 1
Displacement error = 0.0018405 mm
Skin friction error = 0.29667 kPa

Stresses and Displacements along Pile

START_TABLE
Level Shaft skin Pile Pile
friction stress displacement
[mOD] [kPa] [kPa] [mm]
99.5 10 2150 1.9887
98.5 10 2070 1.8833
97.5 10 1990 1.782
96.5 10 1910 1.6848
95.5 26.561 1763.7 1.5917
94.5 18.579 1583.2 1.5092
 93.5 17.145 1440.3 1.4342
92.5 15.873 1308.2 1.366
91.5 14.949 1184.9 1.3041
90.5 14.256 1068.1 1.2482
89.5 13.773 955.98 1.1981
88.5 13.514 846.83 1.1534
87.5 13.605 738.35 1.1142
86.5 13.798 628.74 1.0804
85.5 21.518 487.47 1.0521
END_TABLE

Base pressure = 404.57 kPa Base displacement = 1.0410 mm

Results for length 15.000 [m] Cross-section 1 Load increment 60

Load applied to pile = 516.00 kN

Converged at iteration number = 3
Maximum displacement = 2.4231 mm at node 1
Displacement error = 0.0018405 mm
Skin friction error = 0.29667 kPa

Stresses and Displacements along Pile

START_TABLE
Level Shaft skin Pile Pile
friction stress displacement
[mOD] [kPa] [kPa] [mm]
99.5 10 2588 2.4231
98.5 10 2508 2.2958
97.5 10 2428 2.1726
96.5 10 2348 2.0535
95.5 34.526 2169.9 1.9385
94.5 23.135 1939.2 1.8373
93.5 21.268 1761.6 1.7454
92.5 19.599 1598.1 1.662
91.5 18.407 1446.1 1.5864
90.5 17.517 1302.4 1.5181
89.5 16.896 1164.8 1.4569
88.5 16.558 1031 1.4024
87.5 16.651 898.13 1.3546
86.5 16.873 764.03 1.3134
85.5 26.287 591.39 1.279
END_TABLE

Base pressure = 491.81 kPa Base displacement = 1.2654 mm

Results for length 15.000 [m] Cross-section 1 Load increment 70

Load applied to pile = 602.00 kN

Converged at iteration number = 3
Maximum displacement = 2.8576 mm at node 1
Displacement error = 0.0018405 mm
Skin friction error = 0.29667 kPa

Stresses and Displacements along Pile

START_TABLE
Level Shaft skin Pile Pile
friction stress displacement
[mOD] [kPa] [kPa] [mm]
99.5 10 3026 2.8576
98.5 10 2946 2.7084
97.5 10 2866 2.5633
96.5 10 2786 2.4223
95.5 42.49 2576 2.2854
94.5 27.691 2295.3 2.1655
93.5 25.39 2083 2.0566
92.5 23.325 1888.1 1.958
91.5 21.865 1707.3 1.8686
90.5 20.778 1536.8 1.788
89.5 20.019 1373.6 1.7157
88.5 19.601 1215.1 1.6514
87.5 19.698 1057.9 1.595
86.5 19.947 899.32 1.5464
85.5 31.057 695.31 1.5058
END_TABLE

Base pressure = 579.05 kPa Base displacement = 1.4899 mm

Results for length 15.000 [m] Cross-section 1 Load increment 80

Load applied to pile = 688.00 kN

Converged at iteration number = 3
Maximum displacement = 3.2920 mm at node 1
Displacement error = 0.0018405 mm
Skin friction error = 0.29667 kPa

Stresses and Displacements along Pile

START_TABLE
Level Shaft skin Pile Pile
friction stress displacement
[mOD] [kPa] [kPa] [mm]
99.5 10 3464 3.292
98.5 10 3384 3.1209
97.5 10 3304 2.9539
96.5 10 3224 2.791
95.5 50.454 2982.1 2.6322
94.5 32.246 2651.3 2.4936
93.5 29.512 2404.3 2.3679
92.5 27.052 2178 2.254
91.5 25.322 1968.5 2.1509
90.5 24.038 1771.1 2.0579
89.5 23.143 1582.4 1.9745
88.5 22.645 1399.2 1.9004
87.5 22.744 1217.7 1.8354
86.5 23.022 1034.6 1.7794
85.5 35.827 799.22 1.7327
END_TABLE

Base pressure = 666.29 kPa Base displacement = 1.7144 mm

Results for length 15.000 [m] Cross-section 1 Load increment 90

Load applied to pile = 774.00 kN

Converged at iteration number = 3
Maximum displacement = 3.7265 mm at node 1
Displacement error = 0.0018405 mm
Skin friction error = 0.29667 kPa

Stresses and Displacements along Pile

START_TABLE
Level Shaft skin Pile Pile
friction stress displacement
[mOD] [kPa] [kPa] [mm]
99.5 10 3901.9 3.7265
98.5 10 3821.9 3.5335
97.5 10 3741.9 3.3446
96.5 10 3661.9 3.1598
95.5 58.419 3388.3 2.9791
94.5 36.802 3007.4 2.8217
93.5 33.635 2725.6 2.6791
92.5 30.778 2468 2.55
91.5 28.78 2229.8 2.4331
90.5 27.299 2005.4 2.3278
89.5 26.266 1791.2 2.2333
88.5 25.688 1583.4 2.1494
87.5 25.79 1377.5 2.0758
86.5 26.097 1169.9 2.0125
85.5 40.596 903.14 1.9596
END_TABLE

Base pressure = 753.53 kPa Base displacement = 1.9389 mm

Results for length 15.000 [m] Cross-section 1 Load increment 100

Load applied to pile = 860.00 kN

Converged at iteration number = 3
Maximum displacement = 4.1609 mm at node 1
Displacement error = 0.0018405 mm
Skin friction error = 0.29667 kPa

Stresses and Displacements along Pile

START_TABLE
Level Shaft skin Pile Pile
friction stress displacement
[mOD] [kPa] [kPa] [mm]
99.5 10 4339.9 4.1609
98.5 10 4259.9 3.946
97.5 10 4179.9 3.7352
96.5 10 4099.9 3.5285
95.5 66.383 3794.4 3.3259
94.5 41.358 3363.4 3.1499
93.5 37.757 3047 2.9904
92.5 34.505 2757.9 2.846
91.5 32.238 2491 2.7154
90.5 30.56 2239.8 2.5976
89.5 29.389 2000 2.4922
88.5 28.731 1767.5 2.3984
87.5 28.836 1537.2 2.3162
86.5 29.172 1305.2 2.2455
85.5 45.366 1007.1 2.1864
END_TABLE

Base pressure = 840.77 kPa Base displacement = 2.1633 mm