HYDROSTATIC FORCE ON

PLANE SURFACES
MARCH 2025

TIME IITÉÉÉ
Intended Learning Outcomes (ILOs)
• After this lecture the student will be able:
• To analyze the total hydrostatic force on surfaces in a given condition.
• To compute total hydrostatic force and its location on surfaces under various
circumstances using formula method and geometrical method.
HYDROSTATIC PRESSURE ON
PLANE SURFACES
HYDROSTATIC PRESSURE ON
PLANE SURFACES
4179

o
nd o
 HYDROSTATIC PRESSURE ON
PLANE SURFACES
where:
ℎത = vertical distance of the center of gravity of the
immersed area below the free surface.
Yp = distance of the center of pressure from the free
surface along with the inclination of the plane.
Cg = center of gravity of the immersed area
Cp = center of pressure
e = eccentricity
𝜽 = angle of inclination with respect to horizontal.
HYDROSTATIC PRESSURE ON
PLANE SURFACES: Formula Method
RESULTANT FORCE

In general, the total hydrostatic pressure on any plane

On
surface is equal to the product of the area of the
surface and the unit pressure at its center of gravity:

𝐹 = 𝑃𝑟𝑒𝑠𝑠𝑢𝑟𝑒 Pga
Iggy 𝑎𝑡 𝑐𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑟𝑜𝑖𝑑 𝑥 𝐴𝑟𝑒𝑎 PE
where pcg is the pressure at the center of gravity. For
homogeneous free liquid at rest, the equation can be
expressed in terms of unit weight γ of the
liquid,
ത
𝐹 = 𝛾ℎ𝐴 sorta
Wgarnattane
III t
HYDROSTATIC PRESSURE ON
PLANE SURFACES: Formula Method sineEy g Ent
LOCATION OF THE RESULTANT FORCE

I
𝑌𝑝 = 𝑦ത + 𝑒

𝐼ഥ𝑥
𝑒=
𝐴𝑦ത
Where:

Therefore:
0
ℎത = 𝑦ത sin 𝜃
8
𝐼ഥ𝑥 sin 𝜃

0
𝑒=
𝐴ℎത
HYDROSTATIC PRESSURE ON
PLANE SURFACES: Formula Method
MOMENT OF INERTIA FORMULA
HYDROSTATIC PRESSURE ON
PLANE SURFACES: Geometrical Method
RESULTANT FORCE CAN

1111111111

O
HYDROSTATIC PRESSURE ON
PLANE SURFACES: Geometrical Method
LOCATION OF RESULTANT FORCE: the line of action of the resultant force will pass through the
centroid of the volume of the prism
 EXAMPLE
FEI
1) A rectangular plate (2.5 m wide, 6
m high) is submerged vertically in the
water with its top flushed with the
Fifth O up
water surface.
(a) Determine the total hydrostatic Is at
force acting on one side of the plate.
(b) And its location from the water
surface.
F 9.8110h31amFMX
a PegA jhA 6m 441450KN

by hpet te 3Mt
If 3t ftp.I
smg
ztgt 4m
 É hi0 1.86 6 2
5 5
FR 441.450KN

b hp
p.ph 3 4m

9.816
D 58.86kPa

I
EXAMPLE
2) A triangular gate is submerged in
seawater (1.03) as shown in the

itI gg
figure. neglect the weight of the
gate.
(a) Determine the total hydrostatic
force acting on the gate and its em
location from the hinge at A.
(b) Determine the reaction at B.
Assume that the gate rests on a
smooth floor at B.
9
Fight 1.03198 4 0.5 3 2 121.252kN i Loc of Ffrom A
Zte
It II
AT
at Ekin

2tBty

2
5
59,5

H
ftp.rmosno

IMA O Mt
RBooszo 3 2 11 0 RB 96.280 KN
EXAMPLE
3) A rectangular storage tank contains oil and water, 0.75m and 1.5m
heights, respectively. Determine the resultant force of these liquids
together exerted on one side with width 1.25m. Determine also the
location of the resultant force measure from the top of oil.

1
T Peg 9.810.375 t 0.9198710.77
iÉit
da
 F jhA PegA 10.301 kPa 1 Amx 2 2 28.972KN

hp ite he Fight
28.972 15 2.25 1.28

W l 2JM

I IE eW
M
EY
0.7
92 0 6AM

f4 fyg.IT tIcstoHti.as is to.nl

hp D te

If
iEt hp
loss mt
t.ostt.at

1.450 M
 PA T.ala.si
oA

T 6.622KPa

f Éf I 1331th

F Apd n 10.576.6227107 1 6.6227 0.511.521.337

Y 23453m2 TAT A
It Can imma Fecal xin t.tn co.atg
J 1.511 M

to
aegis