FOCUS GROUP DISCUSSION

TITLE: NAVIGATING THE STRUGGLES OF ELEMENTARY SCHOOL

TEACHERS: ADDRESSING DIVERSE LEARNING NEEDS, CLASSROOM
DYNAMICS, AND RESOURCE CONSTRAINTS

1. What are the lived experiences of the elementary school teachers in

addressing diverse learning needs, classroom dynamics, and resource
constraints?

1.1 What challenges do you frequently encounter in addressing students with

different learning styles and abilities?

Participant 1 : Lack of a learning resources, lack of learning resources in

giving activities in different types of learners.

Participant 3: Ofcourse as a teacher if kung ang students different learning

style sila, mag adjust pud ka magbuhat kag varied activies in every learning
sa bata. So mao na siya.

“Of course as a teacher, if students have different learning styles, you

will also have to adjust and carry out varied activities in every learning
session for the child. So that’s how it is.”

Participant 4,5,6 7: Same raman, mao rato parihas rato.

“ It’s just the same, still the same”

Participant 2: Different strategies for different types of learning.

1.2 How do classroom dynamics, such as student behavior and peer

interactions, impact your teaching experiences?

Participant 3: For example, in terms of student behavior, kanang halimbawa,

kung behave kaayo ang bata, maminaw siya of course makuha niya easily
ang lesson that day pero kung naay mga bata nga ang iya ganing naa silay
behavioral problems mao jud na sila kasagaran bata na di pud na makasabot
dayon unya ma end nalang ang klase nga wa juy nakuha, niya peer
interactions kanang pag kuan nila sa, naay mga bata na samokan gani kaayo,
ginabully nila ilang classmate imbes maminaw, magsinamok, so ang imohang
kuan ma experience nimo nga kanang imbes magklase ka, mag sigi rakag
pamadlong.

“For example, in terms of student behavior, if a child is very well-

behaved, they will listen and, of course, easily grasp the lesson that day.
But if there are children who have behavioral problems, they are usually
the ones who don't understand right away, and the class ends without
them learning anything. Then, peer interactions, like when they are,
some children are very disruptive, they bully their classmates instead of
listening, they cause trouble. So, your experience will be that instead of
teaching, you will just keep reprimanding them.”
Participant 5: Mag sigi kag pamadlong mahurot imong time sa pagpamadlong,
dako ang time sa pagpamadlong kaysa sa klase.

“If you keep scolding, you'll run out of time for scolding; scolding takes
more time than class.”

Participant 1: We need to ano, balance in a kanang balance maintaining

discipline sa mga ano bata. Labi nag katong lahi-lahi ug behavior bitaw kay
lahi-lahi man silag needs, lahi-lahi silag behavior.

“We need to, you know, balance and maintaining discipline among the
children. Especially those with different behaviors, because they have
different needs. They have different behaviors.”

Participant 2: Sometimes ang mga lesson is dili na gani siya ma apas naay
lessons na kanang mawala naka sa time imbes nga imohang limit sa time is
50 minutes so ang imoha ang mga activities pa dapat is makulangan na
imohang time so dili nimo ma todo jud kaayo ug hatag tanang ang kanang
needs sa ana na day because of the behavior sa mga bata nga kanang dili
najud kaayo siya ingon nga kanang focus sa atoang learning ba karon.

Sometimes the lessons can't even be completed; there are lessons that
take up all the time instead of the 50-minute limit. So, your activities end
up being cut short, and you can't fully address all the needs of that day
because of the children's behavior, which isn't really focused on our
learning right now.

Participants 4,6,7: Challenging kaayo! Challenging kaayo! Very Challenging!

“Very challenging”

1.3 What challenges do you face with limited resources, and how do you
handle them?

Participant 2: Hahaha limited resources specially kung naa tay needs na

kanang instructional materials na kanang wala sa atoa ba dili nato mahatag ,
example kadalasan pero ang mga teacher man pud kay naga resourceful
man [Link] Iya iya nalang mga naa lang dira sa makita sa atong kuan
environment. Pero naa juy sometimes jud na mga lessons nga kanang need
pud siya ug katong, katong mga for example mga weighing scale, mga types
of the weighing scale, types of the kanang unsa pana diha sa math na kanang
bag o nato mga prism rectangular something ana, so dili jud nato na mapakita
sa ilaha ug kanang kuan, so mao na ang challenge na dili kaayo siya
available sa amoa nga mga para makabuhat mig IM’S na makita pud sa mga
bata.

“Hahaha limited resources, especially when we have needs like

instructional materials that we don't have. We can't provide them, for
example, most of the time, but the teachers are resourceful. They just
use whatever is available in our environment. But there are real times
when there are lessons that need things like, for example, weighing
scales, types of weighing scales, types of, you know, in math, like our
new rectangular prisms and stuff like that, so we really can't show them
to the kids, and that's the challenge because it's not really available to
us to create IMs that the kids can see”

Participant 6:Resourceful kung unxay available sa classroom, mao lang

among gamiton.

“Resourceful with whatever is available in the classroom, that's what we

will use.”

Participant 7: Tungod pud sa limit nga resources ang amoa nalang jud is
sariling bulsa nalang jud mi mukuot mao jud na amoa.

“Due to limited resources, we really have no choice but to dig into our
own pockets. That's really what we do.”

Participant 5: Dapat ikaw na teacher pud resourceful ka.

“You should also be resourceful as a teacher.”

Participant 3: In terms of resourceful being resourceful for example since naa

man tay the school has an internet connections so kuntahay wala kaila ang
bata ani na kuan na imohang gi lesson for kanang pariha atong giingon ni
maam ganina mga weighing scale ana, imbes magdala ka, instead na
magdala ka e show nimo through sa youtube ana kay naa man mi kasagaran
naman jud, most naman jud naa namay tv,so kanang ma use with the use of
technology, through the use of technology in atu siya pero lahi rajud
pagmagunitan sa bata.

“In terms of being resourceful, for example, since the school has
internet connections, if the child is not familiar with something you
taught, like the weighing scale mentioned by the teacher earlier, instead
of bringing one, you can show them through YouTube, since most of us
have TVs. So, we can use technology for this, but it's really different
when the child can physically hold it.”

Participants 2,5: Pero lahi rajud tung magunitan sa bata, ma experience nila
saon pagtimbang.

“But it's really different when they hold it, they will experience how to
weigh it.”

Participant 3: Pero in ana nalang imohang buhaton kay alangan magbitbit

paka tanan, e provide nimo tanan, so limited man ang resources so mohimo
nalang ka ug laing resource nimo para mapakita, ma show nimo sa mga bata
ang imuhang gina lesson murag ana ba, through the use of technology ana
nalang.
“But just do it like that because it's not practical to carry everything or to
provide everything since resources are limited, so you just create
another resource to show or to demonstrate to the kids what you're
teaching, something like that, through the use of technology, just like
that.”

1.4 How do these struggles impact your motivation, job satisfaction, or stress
levels as a teacher?

Participant 4: Naay times na maka ingon ka na kanang lami na e atras,

kanang mo resign nata bi charis hahahaa, pero kay naa naman ta diria
maningkamot jud ug pangitag way nga maka provide.

“There are times when you feel like it's nice to just back out, like
resigning—just kidding, haha—but since we're already here, we really
have to strive and find a way to provide.”

Participant 5: hahaha lamia na e undang uy!

“Hahaha nice to stop it!”

Participant 1: Kay teacher man ta, so kinahanglan jud nato kanang kuan
kailangan jud nato, unsa ni maging flexible kay maskin na stress naka kay
kanang mga resources nato is dili ma provide pero kay maestra man ta,
gisudlan man nato ni, love man nato ang teaching so ma motivate gihapon ta
sa atoang haha ma motivate gihapon ta to continue.

“Because we are teachers, we really need to be flexible, even when we

are stressed and our resources are not provided. But since we are
teachers, we are dedicated; we love teaching, so we are still motivated
to continue.”

Participant 2: Usahay naa kay plans tpos ang imong plano is kanang naa kay
gusto buhaton sa imong classroom pero because of kanang behavior sa mga
bata nga kanang di nimo kaya ba niya kulang pa jud sa resources so mangita
nalang kag didto nalang ka sa pinaka easy na way haha pinaka easy na way
nalang jud ka na ipa view nalang nimo, mo lesson ka kadali unya usahay
gusto pa unta ka magpadula dula pero because of sa ilahang kanang
pinakakiat jud nila na kanang kuan karon dili nalang ka kay mahadlok man ka
na ma disgrasya ning trabahoa ni, madusmo rani, so didto nalang sa kanang
mga kanang achievable rapud nya easy na kanang learning styles among
ginabuhat.

“Sometimes you have plans, and your plan is to do something in your

classroom, but because of the children's behavior, which you can't
handle, and the lack of resources, you end up looking for the easiest
way out, haha, the easiest way. You just let them watch, you teach a bit,
and sometimes you want to play games, but because of their really
mischievous behavior, you don't do it anymore because you're afraid of
getting into trouble with this job. It might get you in trouble, so you stick
to the achievable and easy learning styles that we do.”

Participant 7: Para paraan nalang jud para paraan

“Just a way to find a way.”

2. How do elementary school teachers cope with the challenges in

diverse learning needs, classroom dynamics, and resource constraints?

2.1 What strategies or support systems have you found most helpful in
addressing challenges related to diverse learning needs and limited
resources?

Participant 1: Through the help of the school and my collegues, so kung diba
ang admin man jud ang first atoang ginapangayoan sa mga specially sa mga
sa mga resources nato so kailangan namo ang help sa amoang
administration as well as sa amoang collegues kay if ever naay mi kuan
kanang mga quiries na or mga among resources limited lang so pwde mi
mangayog advise sa admin as well as sa among mga kaubanan pud para ma
cope up namo ni siya na mga challenges.

“Through the help of the school and my colleagues, since the admin is
usually the first we turn to, especially for our resources, we need the
help of our administration as well as our colleagues. If we ever have
queries or our resources are limited, we can ask for advice from the
admin as well as from our peers to cope with these challenges.”

Participant 6: ahhhh kana diay’ng kuan kanang mga diverse learning through
seminar ginaprovide man pud na sa amoa sa school, sa deped mismo
ginaprovide man pud na sa amoa, ginatagaan mi mga seminar about that
particular topics, trainings din unsa pa.

“Ahhhh, those diverse learning seminars are also provided for us at

school, and even the DepEd provides them to us. We are given seminars
on those particular topics, trainings, and so on.”

Participant 2: Din sometimes mangayo pud mi usahay kanang kuan kanang

advise especially katung mga bata nga kanang, kanang d na gani mi kasabot
sa behavior naa man mi kuan diri SNED teacher so magpa ano mi “ ma’am
palihug daw ko assist atung bata nako ma’am bi unsa ba to” normal mn to
iyang behavior” ana, mao na siya.

“Then sometimes we also ask for advice, especially for those children
whose behavior we don't really understand anymore. We have an SNED
teacher here, so we ask, "Ma'am, please assist me with my child. Ma'am,
is this behavior normal?" That's it.”
2.2 How do you manage limited resources such as facilities and materials, to
ensure every student receives the support they need?

Participant 4: Sariling bulsa nalang jud sa teacher hahaha kuot sa kuotonon

hahaha specially kanang sa mga kuan kanang mga activities so kanang mag
consume man ug time kung magpasulat sulat pa mi so among ginahimo mo
print mi sariling bulsa namo.

“It's really just out of the teacher's own pocket, hahaha; it's really tight,
hahaha, especially for those activities that consume time if we have to
write them down, so what we do is print them from our own pockets.”

Participant 5: Mupalit mig bond paper amoang bulsa, mupalit mig ink amoang
bulsa, amoa tanan.

“We buy bond paper we get in our pockets; we buy ink we get in our
pockets; everything is ours.”

Participant 7: And sometimes also we ask the help from the parents ana,
mangayo mi sa ilahang tabang kung kinsa tung mga willing kanang daghan
man pug parents na voluntarily muhatag pud gani ug help sa teachers, pero
most of the time, most of the time mao jud nay giingon na teachers gyud ang
naga provide kay dili man pud enough ang ginahatag sa admin.

“And sometimes we also ask for help from the parents; we request their
assistance from those who are willing because there are many parents
who voluntarily provide help to the teachers. But most of the time, most
of the time, it's really the teachers who provide because what the admin
gives is not enough.”

Participant 6: Kay limited raman pud ang resources nila, so mao jud na ang
realidad.

“Because their resources are also limited, so that's really the reality.”

Participant 5: So nahulog jud na siya na miskan pag ang teachers kay dili
man jud enough iyang salary din kuhaan pajud sa mga resources hahaha ana
murag laban nalang jud hahaha fighting.

“ So it really fell apart because even the teachers' salaries are not
enough, and they even take from the resources, hahaha; it's like a
struggle, hahaha, fighting.”

2.3 How do you assess and accommodate the different learning styles and
abilities in your classroom?

Participant 5: Different strategies

Participant 4: Ah different activities nga mahaom sa different learning style sa

bata.
“ Ah, different activities that suit the different learning styles of the
child.”

Participant 2: lahi lahi silag kuan, oh differentiated activities na siya.

“ They have different things; oh, those are differentiated activities.”

Participant 6: When we say differentiated activities, like for example katung

mga fast learner namo lahi ilang activity, ang among slow learner lahi pud
sila. Sometimes also kanang sa group activity namo kay kadtong mga hawud
mo kanta ipa perform nimo sila,ang kadtong hawud mo sayaw din naa toy
hawud mo drawings didto pud nimo sila ibutang kay lahi-lahi man ang ilahang
mga kuan ba abilidad kumbaga, so e suite nimo ang imuhang assessment
depending on their kanang learning style gani nila, level and style sa ilang
learnings.

“When we say differentiated activities, like, for example, our fast

learners have different activities, and our slow learners have different
ones too. Sometimes also in our group activities, those who are good at
singing are asked to perform, those who are good at dancing are given
that task, and those who are good at drawing are assigned to that
because their abilities are different. So, you adjust your assessment
depending on their learning style, level, and style of learning.”

2.4 How do you handle behavioral issues or conflicts among students to

maintain a positive classroom environment?

Participant 2: Nah kani diri, taason ang pasensya hahaha kay daghan bawal
biya karon na buhaton sa maistra, so sometimes malibog ka unsaon jud nimo
siya pag disiplina kay and discipline karon murag pati maistra gina disiplina
naman hahaha maglibog nalang ka.

“Nah, here, patience is really tested hahaha because there are many
things the teacher forbids now, so sometimes you get confused about
how to discipline because even the teacher is being disciplined now
hahaha; you just get confused.”

Participant 4: Pag wala najud mi choice nga mag discipline sa among student,
mangayo nalang jud mig tabang sa ilang ginikanan kay sila man gyud ang
prior nga kuan sa bata.

“ If we really have no choice but to discipline our students, we will just

ask for help from their parents because they are the primary ones
responsible for the child.”

Participant 2: Ana nalang jud, reminders.

“ Just like that, reminders.”

Participant 3: Maghatag nalang jud mig kanang advise, kanang reminders sa
ilaha kay dili man pwede na kanang mag wala naman nang mga punishment,
reinforcement rajud among mabuhat, maghatag mig reinforcement sa ilaha.
“ We will just give them advice and reminders because we can't just
remove the punishments; we can only do reinforcement. We will give
them reinforcement.”

Participant 1: Like maghatag mig candy, maghatag prizes, grado din kuan
kanang kuan always take to the rules jud ka permanente everyday gina
remind nimo sila sa imong mga rules para ma follow nila, niya kung ma follow
nila kanang ma murag kanang makuan pud gani nila permanente pud gani
nila mabuhat, masunod kung unsa imong rules so ma routine na nila, so pag
kuan kabalo na sila kung unsa ang consequence kung buhaton to nila , so
always take to your rules gyud ka naa jud pud kay rules from the start to mag
end ang klase.

“Like we give candy, prizes, and grades and always stick to the rules.
You have to remind them of your rules every day so they can follow
them. And if they follow them, they will eventually make it a habit and
consistently do it. They will know the consequences if they don't follow
your rules, so always stick to your rules. You should have rules from the
start until the end of the class.”

2.5 How do challenges such as diverse learning needs, classroom dynamics,

and resource constraints influence your decision-making as an elementary
teacher?

Participant 2: Hahahaha ano lang kanang dawat dawat nalang jud ta, so
unsay naa dira atong paigoan, ug unsay makaya nato karong adlawa din mao
rapud atoang e kuan e hatag ang importante at the end of the day naay ma
learn ang bata.

“ Hahahaha, let's just accept whatever comes our way, so whatever is

there, let's tackle it, and whatever we can handle today, that's what we'll
give. The important thing is that at the end of the day, the child learns
something.”

Participant 6: Dili lang pud e force ang sarili kay ikaw man pud ma stress sa
imong kuan

“Don't force yourself too much because you'll just stress yourself out.”

Participant 7: Enjoyin mo nalang jud ang pagiging maistra, dawaton nalang

jud ang kamatuoran, be resourceful, make ways kung unsa ang naa pasigoan
hahaha BDO jud always find ways hahaha.

“Just enjoy being a teacher, accept the truth, be resourceful, and make
ways with what you have; BDO always finds ways.”
3. What are the insights that can be shared in addressing diverse
learning needs, classroom dynamics, and resource constraints of the
learners?

3.1 Based on your experiences, what do you think schools can do to better
support teachers in addressing diverse learning needs?

Participant 2: Maybe magkuan silag program nga kuan jud siya ay karon nag
start naman hinuon karon na kanang naga ano diri sa school ginalahi na
namo ang katong mga kuan ba spg na mga fast learner, so naa pud untay
dapat program na ilahi pud tung mga slow reader, mga prostition, mga kuan,
din pero dili sila ilahi jud ug kanang classroom mas ok kung naa jud kanang
reading specialist teacher, katong mo train jud siya unsaon pagpabasa anang
mga kanang easy gani mas nice siya bahalag dili sila ipanglahi ug classroom.

“Maybe they should have a program that really focuses on that. It has
just started now, and here at school, we are differentiating between the
fast learners and the others. There should also be a program for slow
readers, those with difficulties, and so on. But they shouldn't be
separated into different classrooms. It would be better if there was a
reading specialist teacher who could train them on how to read the
easier materials. It would be nice even if they weren't separated into
different classrooms.”

Participant 3: In connection sa giingon ni ma’am no,katong ilahi gyud,karon

man gud though naa na siya na program, naa mi reading specialist, naa mi in
ana pero wala jud siya nag function as a reading specialist kay naa pud siyay
regular na klase na gina handle, so dapat kung magbutang man ana dapat
didto ra gyud iyang gunitan mao ra gyud iyang gunitan para ma focus sa mga
bata nga ing ato ang mga kuan labi natung mga slow learners nato. So in
ana unta ba, unta naay in ana, so as of now nag exist lang ang pangalan pero
realidad wala siya nag function tas in ana jud iyang trabaho.

“ In connection with what ma’am said, the one that is really separate,
right now, though there is already a program, we have a reading
specialist; we have that, but it really doesn't function as a reading
specialist because they also handle regular classes, so if we are going
to put someone like that, they should really focus on that; that should be
their only responsibility so they can focus on the children, especially
our slow learners. So that's how it should be; it should really be like
that, but as of now, the title exists, but in reality, it doesn't function as it
should.”

Participant 4: Support pud sa amoa specially sa amoang mga ah instructional

materials no kay diha mi ma botbot gud kay among bulsa diha man jud mi mo
kuot ana ba nya more support.

“Support for us too, especially for our instructional materials, because

that's where we really need it, since that's where we draw from for our
pocket, and we need more support.”
Participant 5: Niya kong wala najud kay kuoton kay murag mapugos nalang
jud ka na kuan mao nay giingon na mao nalang gyud, lisud man pug pugson
nimo kay ikaw man ma stress, ikaw may madaot.

“And if you really don't have it, you'll just have to force it; that's what
they mean by "that's it." It's hard to force it because you'll just get
stressed; you'll be the one to suffer.”

Participant 1: Kay provided naman mi sa mga seminar, naa naman mi na siya

no ginaprovide naman na sa amoa ang kulang nalang jud sa amoa is kana
resources, asa mi manguha ug kanang mga kuan materials specially pag
conduct sa activities sa amoang mga bata kana.

“Because we are already provided with seminars, we already have that,

right? We are provided with that; what we really lack are the resources
and where we can get those materials, especially when conducting
activities for our children.”

Participant 2: Budget

Participant 6: Pero kuan gani ma’am no, bisan naa ta usahay seminars more
pajud unta no more that focus on adrressing learning needs sa bata, kanang
in ana gyud na focus gyud in ana ba, dili kay kung unsa lang ilang gusto na
ipa seminar nila sa amoa kanang focus gyud na about learning needs sa
bata.

“But you know, ma’am, even if we sometimes have seminars, they

should really focus more on addressing the learning needs of the
children, like really focusing on that, not just whatever they want to have
us attend, but really focusing on the learning needs of the children.”

Participant 2: Ang uban naay mga training, mga seminar niya kanang kuan
kaayo kanang kuan nindot gud unta pero gasto man pud kaayo, buhaton to
nimo tanan ilang kuan uy mayraba untag “ ma’am o mana man kag training
naay 1000 ok no?

“Some have training, seminars, and those things that are really nice but
also very expensive. You have to meet all their requirements, and it
would be great if they said, "Ma'am, after the training, you get 1000,
okay?”

Participant 5,6,7: Provide ang materials.

“Provide the materials.”

Participant 3: Provided man pud tuod ang materials pero isa ra kabuok ang
mugamit eleven kabuok ana ba, sa isa ra ka maistra tagaan rag sample kami
nay mo produce. Mao na among kuan na experience.
“The materials were indeed provided, but only one person used them,
while eleven were supposed to. The teacher was given just a sample,
and we were the ones who produced it. That's our experience.”

3.2 What policies or programs do you believe would improve classroom

management and teacher-student relationships?

Participant 3: Programs? Karon man gud ang mga programs a na ginahatag

nagyud sa atoa no kay it is more on student-centered na kaayo siya ba,
kanang halos tanan pabor na sa studyante mao gani na ang mga kuan
makabantay ta ang mga bata halos di na badlungon sa mga maistra kay ang
maistra magbantay na basig ay basig igo lang ka naka shagit gamay foul
naka, ma foul na dayon ka kanang specially with the with the kuan of social
media ma’am with the influence of social media karun dayon bisan ug dili ikaw
nagkusi ni kuan na gamay e kuan na dayon ka sa parents e post na dayon ka
so daghan na kaayo mi ug bantayan, so kanang program pud unta na fair pud
fair sa bata ug sa maistra ambot kanus a pana maabot lisud man kaayo kay
murag kami may permanente sad an, so unsaon nato pag improve ang atong
classroom management kong tanan na program ginahatag pabor lang sa mga
bata pero dili ma pwede man siguro magbuhat ug program nga pabor sa
maistra nga dili lang pud ang iyaha lang sigurong policies or guidelines what
do you call on that ma’am nga dili lang pud maabuso sa maistra ba kana lang
gung point na maalagaan lang pud ang amoang right towards the children
ug unsaon pud namo sila pag disiplina as long as into a positive discipline ba,
parihas gud sa unang panahon, siguro kadto lang siguro pud tung mamunal
jud ka manglagom mao jud nay bawal no?

“Programs? Right now, the programs being offered to us are very

student-centered; almost everything is in favor of the students. That's
why we notice that the children are hardly scolded by the teachers
anymore because the teachers are afraid that if they just shout a little, it
might be considered a foul. Especially with the influence of social
media, even if you didn't do anything wrong, you might still get reported
by parents and posted online. So we have to be very careful. We need
programs that are fair to both the children and the teachers. I don't know
when that will happen because it seems like we are the permanent ones.
How can we improve our classroom management if all the programs are
only in favor of the children? But we can't create programs that only
favor the teachers, not just their policies or guidelines. What do you call
that, ma'am, so that teachers won't abuse it? The point is to also protect
our rights towards the children and how we discipline them, as long as
it's positive discipline. Just like in the old days, maybe the only thing
that was really prohibited was corporal punishment.”

Participant 6: Karun man gud kay pati sa words lang bawal naman gud ,
dapat careful ka sa imohang mga ipangkuan kay ang emotions sa bata ana
“Now, even words are prohibited, so you have to be careful with what
you say because it affects the child's emotions.”

Participant 2: Nagka worse na biya karon ang mga behavior.

“The behaviors have really gotten worse now.”

Participant 3: Tama siya pero sa sa kuan sa mga bata karon sa kuan unsa ni
sa ilang generation ba

“He's right, but in terms of the kids today, in their generation, you
know?”

Participant 5: Murag na spoiled na hinuon silag samot, di naman sila

mahadlok ug maistra kay wala namay mahimo ang maistra.

“It seems like they have become even more spoiled; they are no longer
afraid of the teacher because the teacher can't do anything anymore.”

Participant 2: knowledgeable napod sila anang ilang rights nga kanang inig
makuanan sa teacher kay mo sumbong dayon, nya naa pay mama
konsintidor. o mamakak pajud so baliktaron nato ang program charrr hahaha

“They are knowledgeable about their rights, like when the teacher takes
something, they immediately report it, and there's even a mother who
condones it. or they even lie, so let's just turn the program upside down,
charrr hahaha”

Participant 6: Kuan lang dili lang pasobraan na kanang student-centered ta im

terms of their learning pero In terms of discipine dapat kuan jud siya dapat
naay say ang teachers unta o naa jud lay it is not for us man it is for them, mo
grow sila na discipline ana ba.

“Just don't go overboard with being student-centered in terms of their

learning, but in terms of discipline, there should really be a balance
where teachers have authority, or there should really be a clear
distinction. It's not for us; it's for them; they will grow in discipline that
way.”

Participant 5,2 6,7: Lahi ra jud ang disiplina sauna no, ikaw pud na teacher
mo hold back pud ka,naga hold back jud ka, pati ang klase maapektuhan kay
saba na kaayo unsaon mana nimo, daghan kaayo niya imong strategy tanan
gi kuan na nimo tanan, gi apply na nimo tanan para mahilom sila, binut an
nimo tanan naa na, unya ang imuhang kuan set kay by set pud biya ang bata
ma’am no? Usahay maka set jud kag perting labada, unya di nimo na kasab
an , d nimo kuan so maka inforce jud ka ug medyo isog isog dinha, so dapat
naa pud untay kuan ba kanang mo protect pud ana sa, sa programs na mo
protect pud sa teachers in terms of discipline para naa tay classroom
management mao lang.
“Discipline was really different back then, right? You, as a teacher,
would hold back, really hold back, and even the class would be affected
because they would be very noisy. How would you handle that? You had
so many strategies; you tried everything and applied everything to make
them quiet. You were very kind, and then your approach was set by set,
right, ma'am? Sometimes you can really set a lot of rules, and then you
can't even scold them; you can't do anything, so you really have to
enforce them a bit strictly there. So there should be something that
protects the programs, something that protects the teachers in terms of
discipline so that we have classroom management; that's all.”

3.3 How can the government or educational institutions help alleviate

resource constraints in your school?

Participant 1: When we say resource constraints no kay in your school man

no? Kay daghan man gud tag gina ingon na resource constraints, one is the
financial constraint that we have kana financial constraint palang daan sa
maistra mas daghan pamig kuot kaysa sa sa gibalik sa gihatag sa amoa na
sweldo, so kung sauna paman na ginayango ngo sa teachers na kanang
unta kong tas an tas an kaisahon pud di kay kada tuig tas an tag isa ka libo
niya ang tax perting dakoa kanang dili gyud nila ma kuan, dili gyud nila ma
hatag sa amoa amoang panginahanglan ba na salary na tam. So ana maka
help jud ang government, government jud ang number one makahelp ana na
constraint kanang financial constraint namo.

“ When we say resource constraints, it's referring to your school, right?

Because we often mention resource constraints, one is the financial
constraints that we have. Just the financial constraint alone for
teachers: we have more deductions than what is returned to us in our
salary. So, if you remember, teachers used to complain that if only the
salary increase was given all at once, instead of just a thousand pesos
every year, and the tax, which is really high, they couldn't really manage
it. They can't really provide for our needs, like our salary. So the
government can really help; the government is really the number one
that can help with our financial constraints.”

Participant 5: Kulang jud kaayo ang sweldo sa maistra.

“The teacher's salary is really insufficient.”

Participant 6: Educational institution labi na as of now, honest lang ko a ang

atoang ang atoang eduactional system is always kana ganing affected by the
politics, wala mi klaro na program, kami na teacher nga naa sa field
maningkamot ra basta ang amoa nalang gyud gina isip na nagtudlo na
makabalo ang bata pero ang amoang gina follow walay klaro sigi rag usab
usab.
“Educational institutions, especially as of now. To be honest, our
educational system is always affected by politics; we don't have a clear
program; we teachers in the field just strive, thinking that we are
teaching so that the child learns, but what we follow is unclear and
keeps changing.”
Participant 5: Kung kinsa ang mo lingkod malahi napod ang program, kung
kinsa ang secretary malahi napod niya kami kay mag sigi ramig gukod sa
ilaha.

“Whoever sits down, the program changes; whoever the secretary is, it
changes too, because we keep chasing after them.”

Participant 7: For how many years ang educational system sa pilipinas wala
jud siya na perfect sigig change, sigig change kung kinsa ang mo lingkod ma
change, because it is affected by a politics gani ana siya, so so wala jud sigi
rag kambyo

“For how many years has the educational system in the Philippines
never been perfect, always changing, always changing depending on
who is in power, because it is affected by politics, so there is no
constant?”

Participant 2: Daghan trabahuon kaysa sa kuan nya, ang mga trabahuon

pajud like for example kanang mga lesson plans namo nakaplano naman
namo na amoa, every year mag usab usab ang format so walay bisan kami
ang students walay mastery kami pud maglisod saon mani pag masters namo
uy na paspas pagyud kaayo kanang kuan kanang unsa ni daga, changes sa
mga lesson niya ang government nato daghan manig kwarta ang problema
kay giabot nila tanan kwarta gihimo nilag papel siguro kaning isa ka
bondpaper tag 100 pesos ilang budget ani.

“There are many tasks compared to before, and the tasks like our lesson
plans are already planned out by us. Every year, the format changes, so
even we, the students, have no mastery, and we struggle to master it
quickly. It's really fast, like, what's this, a race? Changes in the lessons,
and our government has a lot of money, but the problem is they take all
the money and turn it into paper. Maybe this one bond paper costs 100
pesos in their budget.”

Participant 6: Resource constraints sa mga books, no? Problema mana nato

na books nato atong parihas sa gi ingon ni ma’am ang lesson, mga lesson
plan nag sigi rag usab ug kadto nalang diay gi improve unya pagkahuman
gipadayon dili kay sigig usab edi among resources this year dili napod namo
magamit pagka next year.

“Resource constraints involving books, right? That's our problem with

the books, just like what ma'am said about the lesson plans. They keep
getting revised, and we just continue to improve them, but after that, we
don't keep reusing them. So, our resources this year won't be usable
next year either.”
Participant 2: Kanang ready na gani siya bahalag unsa na kabaga diha, niya
mamili ra gani mi didto ibutang na daan strategies ba, a kani na strategies kay
kani akong gusto karong adlawa in ana ba

“When it's ready, no matter how thick it is, we just choose and place the
strategies there, and these strategies are what I want today, like this.”

Participant 5,4,2 : Wala pa gani siya na established ug maayo ang matatag gi

abolished napod, another napod, lahi napod na training karon, sa government
man jud na siya niya atoang educational institution sa ato sa deped mismo
no? Wala sila nagkasinabot, wala nagkasinabot sa mga hahaa. Ang ulo nila
kay puro politics, daghan kaayo silag gipabuhat sa maistra ultimo gani sila
wala kasabot ug unsa to ilang gipabuhat sa maistra. So, mao to unsa pa na
constraints? Kadto resources, money, unsa pa, diverse learning, financial
aspect haha nganong kaya man sa uban nasud na tag hundred plus ang
sweldo sa teacher, nganong diri sa pilipinas gamay raman jud kaayo hahaha
isa raman jud ang tubag ana corrupt man gud ang philippines, kuan pud no
kana gyung materials sigig kambyo ang budget ana ba, kung gipadulong
palang na no sigi rag usik usik sa budget, kadto untang mga tibay na
materials na mo lust ug pila ka years, sauna ang books kana no kay resource
constraints man gihapon na no kanang books sauna sa atoang time bisan pa
ug second generation na third generation na gwapo pa ang books, karon isa
ka gamitan sa studyante inig return ana the end of the school year pangit na
kaayo siya. Di pud nato sila ma mahay because of the low material na
gigamit, government man ug atoang educational institution ang dapat naay
buhaton ana, kami wala man mi mabuhat ana kay sa ilaha mana gikan.

“It hasn't even been well-established yet, and it was abolished again.
Another one, different training now, and it's really under the
government, in our educational institutions, in the DepEd itself, right?
They don't agree; they don't agree with that haha. Their minds are full of
politics; they have the teacher do so many things, and in the end, they
don't even understand what the teacher had them do. So, what other
constraints are there? Those resources, money, and so on; diverse
learning; financial aspects. Haha, why can other countries afford to pay
teachers hundreds of dollars, while here in the Philippines, it's just so
little, haha? The answer is really just one: the Philippines is
corrupt. Also, for those materials, the budget keeps changing; if only
they were directed properly, the budget would keep getting wasted.
Those durable materials that could last for years. Back then the books,
even if they were second or third generation, were still good. Now, a
student's use of a book at the end of the school year makes it look so
bad. We can't blame them because of the low-quality materials used;
whether it's the government or our educational institutions, they should
do something about it. We can't do anything because it comes from
them. We can't blame them either because of the low-quality materials
used; it's the government and our educational institutions that should
do something about it. We can't do anything because it comes from
them.”