B. K.

BIRLA COLLEGE OF ARTS, SCIENCE AND

COMMERCE, (AUTONOMOUS) KALYAN

Program: M.Sc.

(Choice Based Credit System)

Course: M.Sc. Chemistry

Syllabus
wef: 2021-22
PROGRAM OUTCOME

PO Description
A student after completing Master’s in Science program will be able to
PO 1 Demonstrate in depth understanding in the relevant science discipline. Recall, explain,
extrapolate and organize conceptual scientific knowledge for execution and application
and also to evaluate its relevance.

PO 2 Critically evaluate, analyse and comprehend a scientific problem. Think creatively,

experiment and generate a solution independently, check and validate it and modify if
necessary.

PO 3 Access, evaluate, understand and compare digital information from various sources and
apply it for scientific knowledge acquisition as well as scientific data analysis and
presentation.

PO 4 Articulate scientific ideas, put forth a hypothesis, design and execute testing tools and
draw relevant inferences. Communicate the research work in appropriate scientific
language.

PO 5 Demonstrate initiative, competence and tenacity at the workplace. Successfully plan

and execute tasks independently as well as with team members. Effectively
communicate and present complex information accurately and appropriately to
different groups.

PO 6 Use an objective, unbiased and non-manipulative approach in collection and

interpretation of scientific data and avoid plagiarism and violation of Intellectual
Property Rights. Appreciate and be sensitive to environmental and sustainability issues
and understand its scientific significance and global relevance.

PO 7 Translate academic research into innovation and creatively design scientific solutions to
problems. Exemplify project plans, use management skills and lead a team for
planning and execution of a task.

PO 8 Understand cross disciplinary relevance of scientific developments and relearn and

reskill so as to adapt to technological advancements.
PROGRAM SPECIFIC OUTCOMES

PSO Description
A student completing Master’s degree in Science Program in the subject of chemistry will be
able to :

PSO 1 Acquire in-depth knowledge of the advance concepts in the branch of specialization
viz, Physical , Inorganic , Organic & Analytical.

PSO 2 Design and carry out analysis as well as accurately record and analyse the results.
PSO 3 Explain the findings and share the results with scientists and non scientist with the help
of the written and oral communication skills acquire during the course.

PSO 4 Apply the skills to do specialized research in the core and applied areas of chemical
sciences.

PSO 5 Explore new areas of research in chemistry and allied fields of science and technology.
PSO 6 Demonstrating the developed skills such as problem solving approach , critical thinking
, analytical reasoning ,team work and effective communication for solving the applied
research problems related to their field.

PSO 7 Explain why chemistry plays an integral role in addressing social , economic and
environmental problems.

PSO 8 Become professionally skilled for higher studies in research institutions and to work in
industries.
PROGRAM OUTLINE

Year Semester Course Code Course Title Credits

M.Sc-I BPSCHE101 Physical Chemistry 4
BPSCHE102 Inorganic Chemistry 4
BPSCHE103 Organic Chemistry 4
BPSCHE104 Analytical Chemistry 4
I
BPSCHE1P1 Physical Chemistry 2
BPSCHE1P2 Inorganic Chemistry 2
BPSCHE1P3 Organic Chemistry 2
BPSCHE1P4 Analytical Chemistry 2
BPSCHE201 Physical Chemistry 4
BPSCHE202 Inorganic Chemistry 4
BPSCHE203 Organic Chemistry 4
BPSCHE204 Analytical Chemistry 4
II
BPSCHE2P1 Physical Chemistry 2
BPSCHE2P2 Inorganic Chemistry 2
BPSCHE2P3 Organic Chemistry 2
BPSCHE2P4 Analytical Chemistry 2

Physical Chemistry (BPSCHE101)

Course Outcomes:
After completion of this Course, the learner will be able to:
CO 1 Derive Maxwell equations and understand their significance.
CO 2 Connect quantum mechanical operators to observables.
CO 3 Calculate probabilities, amplitudes, averages values of the observables.
CO 4 Derive rate laws of different types of the reactions.

Inorganic Chemistry (BPSCHE102)

Course Outcomes:
After completion of this Course, the learner will be able to:
CO 1 Comprehend the derivation of different hybridizations such as sp, sp2, sp3 using sigma
bonding concept.
CO 2 Recognize the concept of MOT and how MOT is constructed for polyatomic
molecules.

CO 3 Know how the physical properties like melting and boiling points of molecules get
affected by chemical forces present in it.

CO 4 Understand Symmetry operations and Symmetry elements.

CO 5 Differentiate Abelian and Non-abelian point groups.
 CO 6 Use of Great Orthogonality Theorem for construction of character table.
CO 7 Examine chemical bonding, visualizing molecular orbitals, behaviour of atoms,
molecules and solids using group theory.

CO 8 Know the importance of Material Chemistry and its potential in developing

applications, either by compositional control to optimize properties or by fabrication
into desired forms, shapes or products.
CO 9 Recognize the importance of Stability as we all seek to achieve stability including
molecules.

CO 10 Aware of the various methods/ techniques used to detect complex formation between
metal and ligand.

CO 11 Interpret the electronic spectra of octahedral and square planar complexes.

CO 12 Calculate the various spectral parameters using correlation diagram and spectra.

Organic Chemistry (BPSCHE103)

Course Outcomes:
After completion of this course, the learner will be able to:
CO 1 Know the kinetic and thermodynamic requirements of organic reactions and a few
methods to determine the reaction mechanisms.

CO 2 Recognize the factors affecting acidity and basicity.

CO 3 Understand advanced nucleophilic substitutions with special emphasis on
Neighbouring Group Participations (NGP) and factors affecting the NGP.

CO 4 Identify structural, thermochemical, and magnetic criteria for aromaticity,

including NMR characteristics of aromatic systems.

CO 5 Comprehend the concept of chirality, Molecules with tri- and tetra-coordinate

centres, Axial and planar chirality and prochirality.

CO 6 Explore the applications of different oxidizing and reducing agents in organic

reactions.

Analytical Chemistry (BPSCHE104)

Course Outcomes:
After completion of this Course, the learner will be able to:
 CO 1 Identify the relationships among the different instrument components and the flow
of information from the characteristics of the analyte through the components to the
numerical or graphical output produced by the instrument.

CO 2 Determine the different types of errors in chemical analysis.

CO 3 Make use of calibration curve and standard addition method to carry out
quantitative analysis of sample.

CO 4 Outline the role and importance of total quality management, safety,

accreditations and GLP in industries.

CO 5 Apply the knowledge learned to all scientific data analyses during their studies
and future career-related activities.

CO 6 Explain the working principle and Enlist the applications of UV visible and IR
spectroscopy.

CO 7 Elaborate on the basic principle underlying the different types of thermal methods
and will understand how these methods are employed in industries and research
for characterization of sample.

CO 8 Compare the technique of DTA with DSC.

CO 9 Comprehend the utility of automation in chemical analysis.
CO 10 Outline the Objectives of automation in chemical analysis.
CO 11 Enlist the advantages and disadvantages of Automatic Analysis.

Physical Chemistry (BPSCHE201)

Course Outcomes:
After completion of this Course, the learner will be able to:
CO 1 Distinguish between physical and chemical adsorption.
CO 2 Predict spontaneous nature of thermodynamic mixing.
CO 3 Calculate energy of hydrogen atom.
CO 4 Draw the atomic orbital and locate radial and angular nodes.
CO 5 Derive rate laws for the solid-state reaction.
CO 6 Analyse the effect of inhibitor on enzyme catalysed reaction.
CO 7 Draw phase diagram for two and three component system.

Inorganic Chemistry (BPSCHE202)

Course Outcomes:
After completion of this Course, the learner will be able to:
CO 1 Analyse the reaction pathways of metal complexes and to develop a deeper
understanding of their mechanisms.
CO 2 Know the rate behaviour of the reaction using reaction mechanism.
CO 3 Recognize the general shape of the transition state using trans effect, steric effect and
stereochemistry of the coordination complexes.

CO 4 Illustrate the importance of 18 and 16 electron rules.

CO 5 Understand the structure and bonding involved in d block Organometallic compounds
on the basis of VBT and MOT.

CO 6 Critically review environmental issues as a matter of widespread public concern.

CO 7 Know the toxicology of certain elements through case studies.
CO 8 Identify the importance of essential elements for the organisms.
CO 9 Evaluate the role of metal ions in biological systems.

Organic Chemistry (BPSCHE203)

Course Outcomes:
After completion of this Course, the learner will be able to:
CO 1 Correlate between kinetically and thermodynamically formed enolates and the factors
affecting their formation.

CO 2 Understand the interaction of carbon nucleophiles with carbonyl groups and its reaction
mechanism.

CO 3 Draw the mechanism and stereochemistry (if applicable) of various rearrangement

reactions.

CO 4 Apply Molecular orbital theory to organic molecules with special emphasis on the FMO
theory

CO 5 Make use of advanced application of UV, IR and NMR spectroscopy techniques in

structural elucidation of molecules.

CO 6 Know the concept of McLafferty Rearrangement and its implications on Fragmentation

pattern of molecules.

Analytical Chemistry (BPSCHE204)

Course Outcomes:
After completion of this Course, the learner will be able to:
CO 1 Utilize GC & HPLC techniques for separation of the different components present
in a sample.

CO 2 Make use of X-ray spectroscopy for qualitative and quantitative analysis of

elements.
CO 3 Describe the function of different components of a mass spectrometer.
CO 4 Elaborate on the methods of electrogravimetry and coulometry.
CO 5 Compare the advantages/disadvantages of electrogravimetry and coulometry.
CO 6 Describe the functioning of different types of ion selective electrodes.
CO 7 Select the best method from among those covered in these units while carrying out
analysis of a sample and will be able to justify their choice.

B. K. BIRLA COLLEGE OF ARTS, SCIENCE AND

COMMERCE, (AUTONOMOUS) KALYAN

Program: M.Sc.

(Choice Based Credit System)

Course: M.Sc. Chemistry

Draft Syllabus for Semester I & II

wef: 2021-22
 B. K. Birla College of Arts, Science and Commerce (Autonomous), Kalyan
Syllabus w.e.f. Academic Year, 2021-22
M.Sc. Chemistry
Semester – I
Paper I
Physical Chemistry: Course Code: BPSCHE101 [60 L]

Unit - I

Thermodynamics-I [15]

1.1. State function and exact differentials. Maxwell equations, Maxwell thermodynamic
Relations; its significance and applications to ideal gases, Joule Thomson experiment,
Joule Thomson coefficient, inversion temperature, Joule Thomson coefficient in terms of
van der Waals constants. [8L]
1.2. Third law of Thermodynamics, Entropy change for a phase transition, absolute entropies,
determination of absolute entropies in terms of heat capacity, standard molar entropies
and their dependence on molecular mass and molecular structure, residual entropy. [7L]
[Ref 2 and 1,10,11,12 17]

Unit II

Quantum Chemistry: [15L]

2.1. Classical Mechanics, failure of classical mechanics: Need for Quantum Mechanics.
2.2. Particle waves and Schrödinger wave equation, wave functions, properties of wave
functions, Normalization of wave functions, orthogonality of wave functions.
2.3. Operators and their algebra, linear and Hermitian operators, operators for the dynamic
variables of a system such as, position, linear momentum, angular momentum, total
energy, eigen functions, eigen values and eigen value equation, Schrödinger wave
equation as the eigen value equation of the Hamiltonian operator, average value and the
expectation value of a dynamic variable of the system, Postulates of Quantum
Mechanics, Schrodinger‟s Time independent wave equation from Schrodinger‟s time
dependent wave equation.
2.4. Application of quantum mechanics to the following systems:
a) Free particle, wave function and energy of a free particle.
b) Particle in a one, two and three dimensional box, separation of variables, Expression
for the wave function of the system, expression for the energy of the system, concept
of quantization, introduction of quantum number, degeneracy of the energy levels.
c) Harmonic oscillator, approximate solution of the equation, Hermite polynomials,
expression for wave function, expression for energy, use of the recursion formula.
[Ref 7, 8 and 9]
Unit III

Chemical Dynamics-I [15L]

3.1. Composite Reactions:

Recapitulation: Rate laws, Differential rate equations Consecutive reactions,
Steady state Approximation, rate determining steps, Microscopic Reversibility and
Detailed Balanced Chain reactions-chain initiation processes. Some inorganic
mechanisms: formation and decomposition of phosgene, decomposition of ozone,
Reaction between Hydrogen and Bromine and some general examples Organic
Decompositions: Decomposition of ethane, decomposition of acetaldehyde Gas phase
combustion: Reaction between hydrogen and oxygen, Semenov – Hinshelwood and
Thompson mechanism, Explosion limits and factors affecting explosion limits.
3.2. Polymerization reactions: Kinetics of stepwise polymerization, Calculation of degree
of polymerization for stepwise reaction. Kinetics of free radical chain polymerization,
Kinetic chain length and estimation of average no .of monomer units in the polymer
produced by chain polymerization.
3.3. Reaction in Gas Phase
Unimolecular Reactions: Lindeman-Hinshelwood theory, Rice-Ramsperger-Kasssel
(RRK) theory, Rice-Ramsperger-Kassel Marcus (RRKM) theory.
[Ref. 2 and 15, 17, 18]

Unit IV

Electrochemistry [15L]

Recapitulation – basics of electrochemistry.

4.1. Debye-Hückel theory of activity coefficient, Debye-Hückel limiting law and it‟s
extension to higher concentration (derivations are expected).
4.2. Electrolytic conductance and ionic interaction, relaxation effect,. Debye-Hückel-
Onsager equation (derivation expected). Validity of this equation for aqueous and
non- aqueous solution, deviations from Onsager equation, Debye -Falkenhagen effect
(dispersion of conductance at high frequencies), Wien effect.
4.3. Batteries: Alkaline fuel cells, Phosphoric acid fuel cells, High temperature fuel cells
[Solid –Oxide Fuel Cells (SOFC) and Molten Carbonate Fuel Cells]
4.4. Bio-electrochemistry: Introduction, cells and membranes, membrane potentials,
theory of membrane potentials, interfacial electron transfer in biological systems,
adsorption of proteins onto metals from solution, electron transfer from modified
metals to dissolved protein in solution, enzymes as electrodes, electrochemical
enzyme-catalysed oxidation of styrene. Goldmann equation. (derivations are
expected)
[Ref: 14 and 16, 17, 18]
[Note: Numerical and theoretical problems from each unit are expected]
 References:

1. Peter Atkins and Julio de Paula, Atkin‟s Physical Chemistry, 7th Edn., Oxford
University Press, 2002.
2. K.J. Laidler and J.H. Meiser, Physical Chemistry, 2nd Ed., CBS Publishers and
Distributors, New Delhi, 1999.
3. Robert J. Silby and Robert A. Alberty, Physical Chemistry, 3rd Edn., John Wiley and
Sons (Asia) Pte. Ltd., 2002.
4. Ira R. Levine, Physical Chemistry, 5th Edn., Tata McGraw-Hill New Delhi, 2002.
5. G.W. Castellan, Physical Chemistry, 3rd Edn., Narosa Publishing House, New Delhi,
1983.
6. S. Glasstone, Text Book of Physical Chemistry, 2nd Edn., McMillan and Co. Ltd.,
London, 1962
7. B.K. Sen, Quantum Chemistry including Spectroscopy, Kalyani Publishers, 2003.
8. A.K. Chandra, Introductory Quantum Chemistry, Tata McGraw – Hill, 1994.
9. R.K. Prasad, Quantum Chemistry, 2nd Edn., New Age International Publishers, 2000.
10. S. Glasstone, Thermodynamics for Chemists, Affiliated East-West Press, New Delhi,
1964.
11. W.G. Davis, Introduction to Chemical Thermodynamics – A Non – Calculus
Approach, Saunders, Philadelphia, 19772.
12. Peter A. Rock, Chemical Thermodynamics, University Science Books, Oxford
University Press, 1983.
13. Ira N. Levine, Quantum Chemistry, 5th Edn., Pearson Education (Singapore) Pte. Ltd.,
Indian Branch, New Delhi, 2000.
14. Thomas Engel and Philip Reid, Physical Chemistry, 3rd Edn., Pearson Education
Limited 2013.
15. D.N. Bajpai, Advanced Physical Chemistry, S. Chand 1st Edn., 1992.
16. Bockris, John O'M., Reddy, Amulya K.N., Gamboa-Aldeco, Maria E., Modern
Electrochemistry, 2A, Plenum Publishers, 1998.
17. Physical Chemistry by Gurtu and Gurtu
18. A Text book of Physical Chemistry by K L kapoor Vol 5 , 2nd Edn
 Physical Chemistry Practical
Paper I
Course Code: BPSCHE1P1

Non – Instrumental:

1. To determine the heat of solution (ΔH) of a sparingly soluble acid (benzoic /salicylic
acid) from solubility measurement at three different temperature.
2. To study the variation of calcium sulphate with ionic strength and hence determine
the thermodynamic solubility product of CaSO4 at room temperature.
3. To investigate the reaction between acetone and iodine.
4. To study the variation in the solubility of Ca(OH)2 in presence of NaOH and hence to
determine the solubility product of Ca(OH)2 at room temperature.
5. Graph Plotting of mathematical functions –linear, exponential and trigonometry and
identify whether functions are acceptable or non-acceptable?

Instrumental:

1. To determine the mean ionic activity coefficient of an electrolyte by e.m.f.

measurement.
2. To study the effect of substituent on the dissociation constant of acetic acid
conductometrically.
3. To determine pKa values of phosphoric acid by potentiometric titration with sodium
hydroxide using glass electrode.
4. To verify Ostwald‟s dilution law and to determine the dissociation constant of a weak
mono-basic acid conductometrically.

References:
1 Practical Physical Chemistry, B. Viswanathan and P.S. Raghavan, Viva Books Private
Limited, 2005.
2 Practical Physical Chemistry, A.M. James and F.E. Prichard, 3rd Edn., Longman
Group Ltd., 1974.
3 Experimental Physical Chemistry, V.D. Athawale and P. Mathur, New Age
International Publishers, 2001.
 Paper II
Inorganic Chemistry: Course Code: BPSCHE102 (60 L)

Unit I
Chemical Bonding: [15 L]
1.1 Recapitulation of hybridization Derivation of wave functions for sp, sp2, sp3
orbital hybridization types considering only sigma bonding.
1.2 Discussion of involvement of d orbitals in various types of hybridizations. Concept
of resonance, resonance energy derivation expected. Formal charge with examples.
1.3 Critical analysis of VBT.
1.4 Molecular Orbital Theory for diatomic species of First transition Series.
1.5 Molecular Orbital Theory for Polyatomic species considering σ bonding for SF6,
CO2, B2H6, I3- molecular species.
1.6 Weak forces of attraction: Hydrogen bonding – concept, types, properties, methods
of detection and importance. Van der Waal‟s forces, ion-dipole, dipole-dipole,
London forces.

Unit-II

Molecular Symmetry and Group Theory: [15L]

2.1. Symmetry criterion of optical activity, symmetry restrictions on dipole moment. A

systematic procedure for symmetry classification of molecules.
2.2. Concepts of Groups, Sub-groups, Classes of Symmetry operations, Group
Multiplication Tables. Abelian and non-Abelian point groups.
2.3. Representation of Groups: Matrix representation of symmetry operations, reducible
and irreducible representations. The Great Orthogonality Theorem and its
application in construction of character tables for point groups C2v, C3v and D2h,
structure of character tables.
2.4. Applications of Group Theory
(a) Symmetry adapted linear combinations (SALC), symmetry aspects of MO
theory, sigma bonding in ABn (Ammonia, CH4) molecule.
(b) Determination of symmetry species for translations and rotations.
(c) Mulliken‟s notations for irreducible representations.
(d) Reduction of reducible representations using reduction formula.
(e) Group-subgroup relationships.
(f) Descent and ascent in symmetry correlation diagrams showing relationship
between different groups.
Unit–III

Materials Chemistry and Nanomaterials: [15 L]

3.1 Solid State Chemistry

3.1.1. Electronic structure of solids and band theory, Fermi level, K Space and Brillouin
Zones.
3.1.2. Structures of Compounds of the type: AB [nickel arsenide (NiAs)], AB2 [fluorite
(CaF2) and anti-fluorite structures, rutile (TiO2) structure and layer structure
[cadmium chloride and iodide (CdCl2, CdI2)].
3.1.3. Methods of preparation for inorganic solids: Ceramic method, precursor method,
sol-gel method (applications in Biosensors), microwave synthesis (discussion on
principles, examples, merits and demerits are expected)
3.2 Nanomaterials
3.2.1. Preparative methods: Chemical methods, Solvothermal, Combustion synthesis,
Microwave, Co-precipitation, Langmuir Blodgett(L-B) method, Biological
methods: Synthesis using microorganisms.
3.2.2. Applications in the field of semiconductors, solar cells

Unit - IV

Characterisation of Coordination compounds [15L]

4.1. Formation, thermal studies, Conductivity measurements, electronic spectral and

magnetic measurements, IR, NMR and ESR spectroscopic methods.
4.2. Spectral calculations using Orgel and Tanabe-Sugano diagram, calculation of
electronic parameters such as ∆, B, C, Nephelauxetic ratio.
4.3. Determination of formation constants of metal complexes (Overall and Stepwise):
Comparative studies of Potentiometric and spectral methods.

References :
Unit I
1. B. R. Puri, L. R. Sharma and K. C. Kalia, Principles of Inorganic Chemistry,
Milestone Publishers, 2013-2014.
2. W. W. Porterfield, Inorganic Chemistry-A Unified Approach, 2nd Ed., Academic
Press, 1993.
3. B. W. Pfennig, Principles of Inorganic Chemistry, Wiley, 2015.
4. C. E. Housecroft and A. G. Sharpe, Inorganic Chemistry, Pearson Education
Limited, 2nd Edition 2005.
5. J. Huheey, F. A. Keiter and R. I. Keiter, Inorganic Chemistry–Principles of
Structure and Reactivity, 4th Ed., Harper Collins, 1993.
6. P. J. Durrant and B. Durrant, Introduction to Advanced Inorganic Chemistry,
Oxford University Press, 1967.
 7. R. L. Dekock and H.B.Gray, Chemical Structure and Bonding, The Benjamin
Cummings Publishing Company, 1989.
8. G. Miessler and D. Tarr, Inorganic Chemistry, 3rd Ed., Pearson Education, 2004.
9. R. Sarkar, General and Inorganic Chemistry, Books & Allied (P) Ltd., 2001.
10. C. M. Day and J. Selbin, Theoretical Inorganic Chemistry, Affiliated East West
Press Pvt. Ltd., 1985.
11. J. N. Murrell, S. F. A. Kettle and J. M. Tedder, The Chemical Bond, Wiley, 1978.
12. G. A. Jeffrey, An Introduction to Hydrogen Bonding, Oxford University Press, Inc.,
1997.
Unit II

1. F. A. Cotton, Chemical Applications of Group Theory, 2nd Edition, Wiley Eastern

Ltd., 1989.
2. H. H. Jaffe and M. Orchin, Symmetry in Chemistry, John Wiley & Sons, New
York, 1996.
3. R. L. Carter, Molecular Symmetry and Group Theory, John Wiley & Sons, New
York, 1998.
4. K. V. Reddy. Symmetry and Spectroscopy of Molecules, 2nd Edition, New Age
International Publishers, New Delhi, 2009.
5. A. Salahuddin Kunju and G. Krishnan, Group Theory and its Applications in
Chemistry, PHI Learning, 2012.
6. P. K. Bhattacharya, Group Theory and its Chemical Applications, Himalaya
Publishing House. 2014.
7. S. Swarnalakshmi, T. Saroja and R. M. Ezhilarasi, A Simple Approach to Group
Theory in Chemistry, Universities Press, 2008.
Unit III
1. Solid State Chemistry Introduction, Lesley E. Smart, Elaine A. Moore, ISBN 0-203-
49635-3, Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.

2. Nanomaterials & Nanochemistry, 2007, Catherine Brechignac, Philippe Houdy,

Marcel Lahmani, ISBN 978-3-540-72992-1 Springer Berlin Heidelberg New York.

3. Nanomaterials Chemistry, Recent Developments and New Directions C.N.R. Rao,

A. Muller, and A.K. Cheetham, ISBN 978-3-527-31664-9, 2007 WILEY-VCH
Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim.

4. Nano-Surface Chemistry, 2001, Morton Rosoff, ISBN: 0-8247-0254-9, Marcel

Dekker Inc. New York.

5. The Chemistry of Nanomaterials, CNR Rao, Muller Cheetham, WILEY-VCH

Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim, 2004.
 6. Semiconductor Nanomaterials, Challa S.S.R. Kumar, ISBN: 978-3-527-32166-7,
WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim, 2010.

Unit IV
1. J. E. Huheey, E. A. Keiter and R. L. Keiter; Inorganic Chemistry: Principles of
Structure and Reactivity, Pearson Education, 2006.
2. D. Banerjea ,Coordination Chemistry
3. Geary Coordination reviews
4. P.W. Atkins, T. Overton, J. Rourke, M. Weller and F. Armstrong; Shriver & Atkins:
Inorganic Chemistry, 4th ed. Oxford University Press, 2006.
5. F. A. Cotton, G. Wilkinson, C. A. Murillo and M. Bochmann; Advanced Inorganic
Chemistry, 6th ed. Wiley, 1999,
6. B. Douglas, D. McDaniel and J. Alexander. Concepts and Models of Inorganic
Chemistry(3rd edn.), John Wiley & Sons (1994).

Inorganic Chemistry Practical

Paper II
Course Code: BPSCHP1P2
Inorganic Preparations (Synthesis and Characterization)
1) Bis-(tetraethylammonium) tetrachloro Cuprate (II) (Et4 N) 2[CuCl4]
2) Bis-(tetraethylammonium) tetrachloro Nickelate (II) (Et4 N) 2 [NiCl4]
3) Bis-(tetraethylammonium) tetrachloro Cobaltate (II) (Et4 N) 2 [CoCl4]
(Any two from above preparations)
4) Tetrammine monocarbanato Cobalt (III) Nitrate [Co(NH3)4CO3]NO3
5) Bis (ethylenediammine) Copper (II) Sulphate [Cu(en)2]SO4
6) Hydronium dichloro bis( dimethylglyoximato) Cobaltate(III) H[ Co(dmgH)2Cl2 ]

Instrumentation
1) Determination of equilibrium constant by Slope intercept method for Fe+3/ SCN-
system
2) Determination of Electrolytic nature of inorganic compounds by Conductance
measurement.

Reference:
1. Advanced experiments in Inorganic Chemistry., G. N. Mukherjee., 1st Edn., 2010.,
U.N.Dhur & Sons Pvt Ltd
2. The Synthesis and Characterization of Inorganic Compounds by William L. Jolly
3. Inorganic Chemistry Practical Under UGC Syllabus for M.Sc. in all India
Universities By: Dr Deepak Pant
 Paper III
Organic Chemistry: Course Code: BPSCHE103
Lectures: 60 L
Unit I
Physical Organic Chemistry: (15 L)
1.1. Thermodynamic and kinetic requirements of a reaction: rate and equilibrium
constants, reaction coordinate diagram, transition state (activated complex), nature of
activated complex, Hammond postulate, Reactivity vs selectivity, Curtin-Hammett
Principle, Microscopic reversibility, Kinetic vs thermodynamic control of organic
reactions.
1.2. Determining mechanism of a reaction: Product analysis, kinetic studies, use of
isotopes (Kinetic isotope effect – primary and secondary kinetic isotope effect).
Detection and trapping of intermediates, crossover experiments and stereochemical
evidence.
1.3. Acids and Bases: Factors affecting acidity and basicity: Electronegativity and inductive
effect, resonance, bond strength, electrostatic effects, hybridization, aromaticity and
solvation. Comparative study of acidity and basicity of organic compounds on the basis
of pKa values, Leveling effect and non-aqueous solvents. Acid and base catalysis –
general and specific catalysis with examples.
[Reference Books: 1, 2, 3, 16]

Unit II
Nucleophilic substitution reactions and Aromaticity
2.1. Nucleophilic substitution reactions: (9 L)
2.1.1. Aliphatic nucleophilic substitution: SN1, SN2, SNi reactions, mixed SN1 and SN2
and SET mechanisms. SN reactions involving NGP - participation by aryl rings, α-
and pi-bonds. Factors affecting these reactions: substrate, nucleophilicity, solvent,
steric effect, hard-soft interaction, leaving group. Ambident nucleophiles. SNcA,
SN1‟ and SN2‟ reactions. SN at sp2 (vinylic) carbon.
2.1.2. Aromatic nucleophilic substitution: SNAr, SN1, benzyne mechanisms. Ipso, cine,
tele and vicarious substitution.
2.1.3. Ester hydrolysis: Classification, nomenclature and study of all eight mechanisms of
acid and base catalyzed hydrolysis with suitable examples.
2.2. Aromaticity: (6 L)
2.2.1. Structural, thermochemical, and magnetic criteria for aromaticity, including NMR
characteristics of aromatic systems. Delocalization and aromaticity.
2.2.2. Application of HMO theory to monocyclic conjugated systems. Frost-Musulin
diagrams. Huckel‟s (4n+2) and 4n rules.
2.2.3. Aromatic and antiaromatic compounds up-to 18 carbon atoms. Homoaromatic
compounds. Aromaticity of all benzenoid systems, heterocycles, metallocenes,
azulenes, annulenes, aromatic ions and Fullerene (C60).
Unit-III
Stereochemistry: (15 L)
3.1. Concept of Chirality: Recognition of symmetry elements.
3.2. Molecules with tri- and tetra-coordinate centers: Compounds with carbon, silicon,
nitrogen, phosphorous and sulphur chiral centers, relative configurational stabilities.
3.3. Molecules with two or more chiral centers: Constitutionally unsymmetrical
molecules: erythro-threo and syn-anti systems of nomenclature. Interconversion of
Fischer, Sawhorse, Newman and Flying wedge projections. Constitutionally
symmetrical molecules with odd and even number of chiral centers: enantiomeric and
meso forms, concept of stereogenic, chirotopic, and pseudoasymmetric centres. R-S
nomenclature for chiral centres in acyclic and cyclic compounds.
3.4. Axial and planar chirality: Principles of axial and planar chirality. Stereochemical
features and configurational descriptors (R,S) for the following classes of compounds:
allenes, alkylidene cycloalkanes, spirans, biaryls (buttressing effect) (including BINOLs
and BINAPs), ansa compounds, cyclophanes, trans-cyclooctenes.
3.5. Prochirality: Chiral and prochiral centres; prochiral axis and prochiral plane.
Homotopic, heterotopic (enantiotopic and diastereotopic) ligands and faces.
Identification using substitution and symmetry criteria. Nomenclature of
stereoheterotopic ligands and faces. Symbols for stereoheterotopic ligands in
molecules with i) one or more prochiral centres ii) a chiral as well as a prochiral centre,
iii) a prochiral axis iv) a prochiral plane v) pro-pseudoasymmetric centre. Symbols for
enantiotopic and diastereotopic faces.
[Reference Books: 6-8]

Unit-IV
Oxidation and Reduction: (15 L)
4.1. Oxidation: General mechanism, selectivity, and important applications of the
following:
4.1.1. Dehydrogenation: Dehydrogenation of C-C bonds including aromatization of six
membered rings using metal (Pt, Pd, Ni) and organic reagents (chloranil, DDQ).
4.1.2. Oxidation of alcohols to aldehydes and ketones: Chromium reagents such as
K2Cr2O7/H2SO4 (Jones reagent), CrO3-pyridine (Collin‟s reagent), PCC (Corey‟s
reagent) and PDC (Cornforth reagent), hypervalent iodine reagents (IBX, Dess-Martin
periodinane). DMSO based reagents (Swern oxidation), Corey-Kim oxidation -
advantages over Swern and limitations; and Pfitzner-Moffatt oxidation-DCC and
DMSO and Oppenauer oxidation.
4.1.3. Oxidation involving C-C bonds cleavage: Glycols using HIO4; cycloalkanones
using CrO3; carbon-carbon double bond using ozone, KMnO4, CrO3, NaIO4 and
OsO4; aromatic rings using RuO4 and NaIO4.
4.1.4. Oxidation involving replacement of hydrogen by oxygen: oxidation of CH2 to CO
by SeO2, oxidation of arylmethanes by CrO2Cl2 (Etard oxidation).
4.1.5. Oxidation of aldehydes and ketones: with H2O2 (Dakin reaction), with peroxy acid
(Baeyer-Villiger oxidation)
4.2. Reduction: General mechanism, selectivity, and important applications of the
following reducing reagents:
4.2.1. Reduction of CO to CH2 in aldehydes and ketones- Clemmensen reduction, Wolff-
Kishner reduction and Huang-Minlon modification.
4.2.2. Metal hydride reduction: Boron reagents (NaBH4, NaCNBH3, diborane, 9-BBN,
Na(OAc)3BH, aluminium reagents (LiAlH4, DIBAL-H, Red Al, L and K- selectrides).
4.2.3. NH2NH2 (diimide reduction) and other non-metal based agents including organic
reducing agents (Hantzsch dihydropyridine).
4.2.4. Dissolving metal reductions: using Zn, Li, Na, and Mg under neutral and acidic
conditions, Li/Na-liquid NH3 mediated reduction (Birch reduction) of aromatic
compounds and acetylenes.
[Reference Books: 17, 18, 14]
Reference Books:
1. Physical Organic Chemistry, Neil Isaacs
2. Modern Physical Organic Chemistry, Eric V. Anslyn and Dennis A. Dougherty
3. Comprehensive Organic chemistry, Barton and Ollis, Vol 1
4. Organic Chemistry, J. Claydens, N. Greeves, S. Warren and P. Wothers, Oxford
University Press.
5. Advanced Organic Chemistry, F.A. Carey and R.J. Sundberg, Part A and B, Plenum
Press.
6. Stereochemistry: Conformation and mechamism, P.S. Kalsi, New Age International,
New Delhi.
7. Stereochemistry of carbon compounds, E.L Eliel, S.H Wilen and L.N Manden, Wiley.
8. Stereochemistry of Organic Compounds- Principles and Applications, D. Nasipuri.
New International Publishers Ltd.
9. March‟s Advanced Organic Chemistry: Reactions, Mechanisms and Structure,
Michael B. Smith, Jerry March, Wiley.
10. Advanced Organic Chemistry: Reactions and mechanism, B. Miller and R. Prasad,
Pearson Education.
11. Advanced Organic Chemistry: Reaction mechanisms, R. Bruckner, Academic Press.
12. Understanding Organic Reaction Mechanisms, Adams Jacobs, Cambridge University
Press.
13. Writing Reaction Mechanism in organic chemistry, A. Miller, P.H. Solomons,
Academic Press.
14. Principles of Organic Synthesis, R.O.C. Norman and J.M Coxon, Nelson Thornes.
15. Advanced Organic Chemistry: Reactions and mechanism, L.G. Wade, Jr., Maya
Shankar Singh, Pearson Education.
16. Mechanism in Organic Chemistry, Peter sykes, 6th edition onwards.
17. Modern Methods of Organic Synthesis, W. Carruthers and Iain Coldham, Cambridge
University Press.
18. Organic Synthesis, Jagdamba Singh, L.D.S. Yadav, Pragati Prakashan.
 Organic Chemistry Practical
Paper III
Course Code: BPSCHE1P3

One step preparations (1.0 g scale)

1. Bromobenzene to p-nitrobromobenzene
2. Anthracene to anthraquinone
3. Benzoin to benzil
4. Anthracene to Anthracene maleic anhydride adduct
5. 2-Naphthol to BINOL
6. p-Benzoquinone to 1,2,4-triacetoxybenzene
7. Ethyl acetoacetate to 3-methyl-1-phenylpyrazol-5-one
8. o-Phenylenediamine to 2-methylbenzimidazole
9. o-Phenylenediamine to 2,3-diphenylqunooxaline
10. Urea and benzil to 5,5-diphenylhydantoin

Learning points:
1. Planning of synthesis, effect of reaction parameters including stoichiometry, and
safety aspects including MSDS should be learnt.
2. Purify the product by crystallization. Formation and purity of the product should be
checked by TLC
3. Report mass and melting point of the purified product.
 Paper IV
Analytical Chemistry: Course Code: BPSCHE104
Unit - I Lectures: 60 L
1.1 Language of Analytical Chemistry [8 L]
1.1.1 Analytical perspective, Common analytical problems, terms involved in analytical
chemistry (analysis, determination, measurement, techniques, methods, procedures and
protocol)
1.1.2 An overview of analytical methods, types of instrumental methods, instruments for
analysis, data domains, electrical and non-electrical domains, detectors, transducers and
sensors, selection of an analytical method, accuracy, precision, selectivity, sensitivity,
detection limit and dynamic range.
1.1.3 Errors, determinate and indeterminate errors. Types of determinate errors, tackling of
errors. 1.1.4 Quantitative methods of analysis: calibration curve, standard addition and
internal standard method.
1.2 Quality in Analytical Chemistry: [7 L]
1.2.1 Quality Management System (QMS):
Evolution and significance of Quality Management, types of quality standards for
laboratories, total quality management (TQM), philosophy implementation of TQM
(reference of Kaizen, Six Sigma approach & 5S), quality audits and quality reviews,
responsibility of laboratory staff for quality and problems.
1.2.2 Safety in Laboratories:
Basic concepts of Safety in Laboratories, Personal Protection Equipment (PPE), OSHA,
Toxic Hazard (TH) classifications, Hazardous Chemical Processes (including process
calorimetry / thermal build up concepts).
1.2.3 Accreditations:
Accreditation of Laboratories, Introduction to ISO series, Indian Government
Standards (ISI, Hallmark, Agmark)
1.2.4 Good Laboratory Practices (GLP)
Principle, Objective, OECD guidelines, The US FDA 21CFR58, Klimisch score

Unit- II
Calculations based on Chemical Principles [15 L]
The following topics are to be covered in the form of numerical problems only.
a. Concentration of a solution based on volume and mass units.
b. Calculations of ppm, ppb and dilution of the solutions, concept of mmol.
 c. Stoichiometry of chemical reactions, concept of kg mol, limiting reactant, theoretical
and practical yield.
d. Solubility and solubility equilibria, effect of presence of common ion.
e. Calculations of pH of acids, bases, acidic and basic buffers.
f. Concept of formation constants, stability and instability constants, stepwise formation
constants.
g. Oxidation number, rules for assigning oxidation number, redox reaction in term of
oxidation number, oxidizing and reducing agents, equivalent weight of oxidizing and
reducing agents, stoichiometry of redox titration (Normality of a solution of a
oxidizing / reducing agent and its relationship with molarity).

Unit III
Optical Methods [15 L]
3.1 Recapitulation and FT Technique [3 L]
3.1.1 Recapitulation of basic concepts, Electromagnetic spectrum, Sources, Detectors, sample
containers.
3.1.2 Laser as a source of radiation, Fibre optics
3.1.3 Introduction of Fourier Transform
3.2 Molecular Ultraviolet and Visible Spectroscopy [6 L]
NUMERICALS ARE EXPECTED
3.2.1 Derivation of Beer- Lambert‟s Law and its limitations, factors affecting molecular
absorption, types of transitions [emphasis on charge transfer absorption], pH,
temperature, solvent and effect of substituents.
Applications of Ultraviolet and Visible spectroscopy:
1) On charge transfer absorption
2) Simultaneous spectroscopy
3) Derivative Spectroscopy
3.2.2 Dual spectrometry – Introduction, Principle, Instrumentation and Applications
3.3 Infrared Absorption Spectroscopy [6 L]
3.3.1 Instrumentation: Sources, Sample handling, Transducers, Dispersive, non-dispersive
instrument05 L
3.3.2 FTIR and its advantages
3.3.3 Applications of IR [Mid IR, Near IR, Far IR]: Qualitative with emphasis on “Finger
print” region, Quantitative analysis, Advantages and Limitations of IR
3.3.4 Introduction and basic principles of diffuse reflectance spectroscopy.
 Unit - IV
4.1 Thermal Methods: [9 L]
4.1.1 Introduction, Recapitulation of types of thermal methods, comparison between TGA
and DTA.
4.1.2 Differential Scanning Calorimetry- Principle, comparison of DTA and DSC,
Instrumentation, Block diagram, Nature of DSC Curve, Factors affecting curves
(sample size, sample shape, pressure).
4.1.3 Applications - Heat of reaction, Specific heat, Safety screening, Polymers, liquid
crystals, Percentage cystallinity, oxidative stability, Drug analysis, Magnetic
transition. e.g. Analysis of Polyethylene for its crystallinity.
4.2 Automation in chemical analysis: [6 L]
Need for automation, Objectives of automation, An overview of automated
instruments and instrumentation, process control analysis, flow injection analysis,
discrete automated systems, automatic analysis based on multilayered films, gas
monitoring equipments, Automatic titrators.

References
Unit I
1. Modern Analytical Chemistry by David Harvey, McGraw-Hill Higher Education
2. Principles of Instrumental Analysis - Skoog, Holler and Nieman, 5th Edition, Ch: 1.
3. Fundamentals of Analytical Chemistry, By Douglas A. Skoog, Donald M. West, F. James
Holler, Stanley R. Crouch, 9th Edition, 2004, Ch: 5.
4. Undergraduate Instrumental Analysis, 6th Edition, J W Robinson, Marcel Dekker, Ch:1.
5. ISO 9000 Quality Systems Handbook, Fourth Edition, David Hoyle. (Chapter: 3 & 4)
(Free download).
6. Quality in the Analytical Laboratory, Elizabeth Pichard, Wiley India, Ch: 5, Ch: 6 &Ch: 7.
7. Quality Management, Donna C S Summers, Prentice-Hall of India, Ch:3.
8. Quality in Totality: A Manager‟s Guide To TQM and ISO 9000, ParagDiwan, Deep &
Deep Publications, 1st Edition, 2000.
9. Quality Control and Total Quality Management - P.L. Jain-Tata McGraw-Hill (2006)
Total Quality Management - Bester field - Pearson Education, Ch:5.
10. Industrial Hygiene and Chemical Safety, M H Fulekar, Ch:9, Ch:11 & Ch:15.
11. Safety and Hazards Management in Chemical Industries, M N Vyas, Atlantic Publisher,
Ch:4, Ch:5 & Ch:19.
12. Staff, World Health Organization (2009) Handbook: Good Laboratory Practice (GLP)
13. OECD Principles of Good Laboratory Practice (as revised in 1997)". OECD
Environmental Health and Safety Publications. OECD. 1. 1998.
14. Klimisch, HJ; Andreae, M; Tillmann, U (1997). "A systematic approach for evaluating the
quality of experimental toxicological and eco-toxicological
data". doi:10.1006/rtph.1996.1076. PMID 9056496.
Unit II
1. 3000 solved problems in chemistry, Schaums Solved problem series, David E. Goldbers,
Mc Graw Hill international Editions, Chapter 11,15,16,21,22
Unit III
1. D. A. Skoog, F. J. Holler, T. A. Nieman, Principles of Instrumental Analysis, 5th Edition,
Harcourt Asia Publisher. Chapter 6, 7.
2. H. H. Willard, L. L. Merritt, J. A. Dean, F. A. Settle, Instrumental Methods of Analysis,6
th Edition, CBS Publisher. Chapter 2.
3. R. D. Braun, Introduction to Instrumental Analysis, McGraw Hill Publisher. Chapter 8.
4. D. A. Skoog, F. J. Holler, T. A. Nieman, Principles of Instrumental Analysis, 5 th Edition,
Harcourt Asia Publisher. Chapter 13, 14.
5. H. H. Willard, L. L. Merritt, J. A. Dean, F. A. Settle, Instrumental Methods of Analysis,6
th Edition, CBS Publisher. Chapter 2.
6. R. D. Braun, Introduction to Instrumental Analysis, McGraw Hill Publisher. Chapter 5.
7. G. W. Ewing, Instrumental Methods of Chemical Analysis, 5 th Edition, McGraw Hill
Publisher, Chapter 3.
8. M. Ito, The effect of temperature on ultraviolet absorption spectra and its relation to
hydrogen bonding, J. Mol. Spectrosc. 4 (1960) 106-124.
9. A. J. Somnessa, The effect of temperature on the visible absorption band of iodine
inseveral solvents, Spectrochim. Acta. Part A: Molecular Spectroscopy, 33 (1977) 525-
528.
10. D. A. Skoog, F. J. Holler, T. A. Nieman, Principles of Instrumental Analysis, 5 th Edition,
Harcourt Asia Publisher. Chapter 16, 17.
11. R. D. Braun, Introduction to Instrumental Analysis, McGraw Hill Publisher. Chapter 12
12. Z. M. Khoshhesab (2012). Infrared Spectroscopy- Materials Science, Engineering and
Technology. Prof. Theophanides Theophile (Ed.). ISBN: 978-953- 51-0537- 4,
InTech,(open access)
Unit IV
1. Introduction to instrumental methods of analysis by Robert D. Braun, Mc. Graw Hill
(1987): Chapter 27
2. Thermal Analysis-theory and applications by R. T. Sane, Ghadge, Quest Publications
3. Instrumental methods of analysis, 7 th Edition, Willard, Merrit, Dean: Chapter 25
4. Instrumental Analysis, 5 th Edition, Skoog, Holler and Nieman: Chapter 31
5. Quantitative Chemical Analysis, 6 th Edition, Vogel: Chapter 12
6. Analytical Chemistry by Open Learning: Thermal Methods by James W. Dodd &
Kenneth H. Tonge
7. Instrumental methods of analysis, 7 th Edition, Willard, Merrit, Dean: Chapter 26
8. Instrumental Analysis, 5th Edition, Skoog, Holler and Nieman: Chapter 33
9. Introduction to instrumental methods of analysis by Robert D. Braun, Mc. GrawHill
(1987): Chapter 28
 Analytical Chemistry Practical
Paper IV
Course Code: BPSCHE1P4

1. To carry out assay of the sodium chloride injection by Volhard‟s method.

Statistical method.
2. To determine (a) the ion exchange capacity (b) exchange efficiency of the given cation
exchange resin.
3. To determine amount of Cr(III) and Fe(II) individually in a mixture of the two by titration
with EDTA.
4. To determine the breakthrough capacity of a cation exchange resin.
5. To determine the lead and tin content of a solder alloy by titration with EDTA.
6. To determine amount of Cu(II) present in the given solution containing a mixture of
Cu(II) and Fe(II).
7. To determine number of nitro groups in the given compound using TiCl3.
References:
1. Quantitative Inorganic Analysis including Elementary Instrumental Analysis by A. I.
Vogels, 3rd Ed. ELBS (1964)
2. Vogel's textbook of quantitative chemical analysis, Sixth Ed. Mendham, Denny, Barnes,
Thomas, Pearson education
3. Standard methods of chemical analysis, F. J. Welcher
4. Standard Instrumental methods of Chemical Analysis, F. J. Welcher
5. W.W.Scott."Standard methods of Chemical Analysis",Vol.I, Van Nostrand
Company,Inc.,1939.
6. E.B.Sandell and H.Onishi,"Spectrophotometric Determination of Traces of Metals",Part-
II,4th Ed.,A Wiley Interscience Publication,New York,1978.
 Semester – II
Paper I
Physical Chemistry: Course Code: BPSCHE201
[60 L]
Unit I
Chemical Thermodynamics II [15 L]

1.1. Fugacity of real gases, Determination of fugacity of real gases using graphical
method and from equation of state. Equilibrium constant for real gases in terms of
fugacity. Gibbs energy of mixing, entropy and enthalpy of mixing.
1.2. Real solutions: Chemical potential in non ideal solutions excess functions of non
ideal solutions calculation of partial molar volume and partial molar enthalpy, Gibbs
Duhem Margules equation.
1.3. Thermodynamics of surfaces, Pressure difference across curved surface
(Laplace equation), vapour pressure of droplets (Kelvin equation), Gibbs adsorption
isotherm, BET isotherm (derivations expected).
1.4. Bioenergetics : standard free energy change in biochemical reactions, exergonic,
endergonic. Hydrolysis of ATP, synthesis of ATP from ADP.

Unit II
Quantum Chemistry II [15 L]

2.1. Rigid rotor, spherical coordinates Schrödinger wave equation in spherical

coordinates, separation of the variables, the phi equation, wavefunction, quantum
number, the theta equation, wave function, quantization of rotational energy,
spherical harmonics.
2.2. Hydrogen atom, the two particle problem, separation of the energy as translational
and potential, separation of variables, the R the * and the equations, solution of
the requation, introduction of the four quantum numbers and their interdependence
on the basis of the solutions of the three equations, total wave function, expression
for the energy, probability density function, distances and energies in atomic units,
radial and angular plots., points of maximum probability, expressions for the total
wave function for 1s,2s, 2p and 3d orbitals of hydrogen.
2.3. Application of the Schrödinger equation to two electron system, limitations of the
equation, need for the approximate solutions, methods of obtaining the approximate
solution of the Schrödinger wave equation.
2.4. Hückel Molecular Orbitals theory for ethylene , 1,3-butadiene and benzene.
(Derivation expected)
Unit III
Chemical Kinetics and Molecular Reaction Dynamics [15 L]
3.1. Elementary Reactions in Solution:- Solvent Effects on reaction rates, Reactions
between ions- influence of solvent Dielectric constant, influence of ionic strength,
Linear free energy relationships Enzyme action
3.2. Kinetics of reactions catalyzed by enzymes -Michaelis-Menten analysis,
Lineweaver-Burk and Eadie Analyses.
3.3. Inhibition of Enzyme action: Competitive, Noncompetitive and Uncompetitive
Inhibition. Effect of pH, Enzyme activation by metal ions, Regulatory enzymes.
3.4. Kinetics of reactions in the Solid State:- Factors affecting reactions in solids
Rate laws for reactions in solid: The parabolic rate law, The first order rate
Law, the contracting sphere rate law,Contracting area rate law, some examples of
kinetic studies.
(Ref: 7 and 2)

Unit IV
Solid State Chemistry and Phase Equilibria [15 L]
4.1 : Solid State Chemistry
4.1.1.Recapitulation: Structures and Defects in solids.
Types of Defects and Stoichiometry
a) Zero dimensional (point) Defects
b) One dimensional (line) Defects
c) Two dimensional (Planar) Defects
d) Thermodynamics of formation of defects (Mathematical derivation to find
concentration of defects and numerical problems based on it)
(Ref: 17, 18 and19 )
4.2 Phase equilibria
4.2.1. Recapitulation: Introduction and definition of terms involved in phase rule.
Thermodynamic derivation of Gibbs Phase rule.
4.2.2. Two component system:
a) Solid –Gas System : Hydrate formation, Amino compound formation
b) Solid – Liquid System: Formation of a compound with congruent melting
point, Formation of a compound with incongruent melting point . (with suitable
examples)
4.2.3. Three component system
Type-I : Formation of one pair of partially miscible liquids
Type-II: Formation of two pairs of partially miscible liquids
Type-III: Formation of three pairs of partially miscible liquids
(Ref: 4, 6, 11, 12 ,13,16, 24 )
References

1. Peter Atkins and Julio de Paula, Atkin‟s Physical Chemistry, 7th Edn., Oxford
University Press, 2002.
2. K.J. Laidler and J.H. Meiser, Physical Chemistry, 2nd Ed., CBS Publishers and
Distributors, New Delhi, 1999.
3. Robert J. Silby and Robert A. Alberty, Physical Chemistry, 3rd Edn., John Wiley and
Sons (Asia) Pte. Ltd., 2002.
4. Ira R. Levine, Physical Chemistry, 5th Edn., Tata McGraw-Hill New Delhi, 2002.
5. G.W. Castellan, Physical Chemistry, 3rd Edn., Narosa Publishing House, New Delhi,
1983.
6. S. Glasstone, Text Book of Physical Chemistry, 2nd Edn., McMillan and Co. Ltd.,
London, 1962.
7. Principles of Chemical Kinetics, 2nd Ed., James E. House, ELSEVIER, 2007.
8. B.K. Sen, Quantum Chemistry including Spectroscopy, Kalyani Publishers, 2003.
9. A.K. Chandra, Introductory Quantum Chemistry, Tata McGraw – Hill, 1994.
10. R.K. Prasad, Quantum Chemistry, 2nd Edn., New Age International Publishers, 2000.
11. S. Glasstone, Thermodynamics for Chemists, Affiliated East-West Press, New Delhi,
1964.
12. W.G. Davis, Introduction to Chemical Thermodynamics – A Non – Calculus
Approach, Saunders, Philadelphia, 19772.
13. Peter A. Rock, Chemical Thermodynamics, University Science Books, Oxford
University Press, 1983.
14. Ira N. Levine, Quantum Chemistry, 5th Edn., Pearson Education (Singapore) Pte. Ltd.,
Indian Branch, New Delhi, 2000.
15. Thomas Engel and Philip Reid, Physical Chemistry, 3rd Edn., Pearson Education
Limited 2013.
16. D.N. Bajpai, Advanced Physical Chemistry, S. Chand 1st Edn., 1992.
17. Solid State Chemistry [An Introduction], 3rd Ed., Lesley E. Smart & Elaine A.
Moore, Taylor & Francis, 2010.
18. The Physics and „Chemistry of Solids, Stephen Elliott, Willey India, 2010
19. Principles of the Solid State, H.V. Keer, New Age International Publishers, 2011.
20. Solid State Chemistry, D.K. Chakrabarty, New Age International Publishers, 1996.
21. Principles of physical Chemistry , Marrown and Prutton 5th edition
22. Essentials of Physical Chemistry , Arun Bahl, B. S Bahl, G. D.Tulli , S Chand and
Co. Ltd , 2012 Edition.
23. Introduction of Solids L.V Azaroff , Tata McGraw Hill .
24. A Text book of physical Chemistry ; Applications of thermodynamics vol III, Mac
Millan Publishers India Ltd ,2011
25. New directions in solid state Chemistry, C.N.R. Rao and J Gopalkrishnan ,
Cambridge University Press.
 Physical Chemistry Practical
Paper I
Course Code: BPSCHE2P1

Non – instrumental:

1. Polar plots of atomic orbitals such as 1s,2s and 3 orbitals by using angular part of
hydrogen atom wave functions.
2. To study the influence of ionic strength on the base catalysed hydrolysis of ethyl
acetate.
3. To study phase diagram of three component system water – chloroform /toluene -
acetic acid.
4. To determine the rate constant of decomposition reaction of diacetone alcohol by
dialtometric method.
Instrumental:

1. To determine the formula of silver ammonia complex by potentiometric method.

2. To determine CMC of sodium Lauryl Sulphate from measurement of conductivities at
different concentrations.
3. To determine Hammette constant of m- and p- amino benzoic acid/nitro benzoic acid
by pH measurement.
4. To determine the Michaelis – Menten‟s constant value (Km) of the enzyme Beta
Amylase spectrophotometrically.

References

4 Practical Physical Chemistry, B. Viswanathan and P.S. Raghavan, Viva Books Private
Limited, 2005.
5 Practical Physical Chemistry, A.M. James and F.E. Prichard, 3rd Edn., Longman
Group Ltd., 1974.
6 Experimental Physical Chemistry, V.D. Athawale and P. Mathur, New Age
International Publishers, 2001.
 Semester II
Paper II
Inorganic Chemistry: Course Code: BPSCHE202

Unit I
Inorganic Reaction Mechanism: [15 L]
1.1 Rate of reactions, factors affecting the rate of reactions, techniques for
determination of rate of reaction (Direct chemical analysis, spectrophotometric
method, electrochemical and flow methods).
1.2 Ligand substitution reactions of:
a)Octahedral complexes without breaking of metal-ligand bond (Use of isotopic
labelling method)
b) Square planar complexes, trans-effect, its theories and applications. Mechanism
and factors affecting these substitution reactions.
1.3 Redox reactions: inner and outer sphere mechanisms, complimentary and non-
complimentary reactions.
1.4 Stereochemistry of substitution reactions of octahedral complexes. (Isomerization
and racemization reactions and applications.)

Unit II
Organometallic Chemistry of Transition metals: [15 L]
2.1. Eighteen and sixteen electron rule and electron counting with examples.
2.2. Preparation and properties of the following compounds
(a) Alkyl and aryl derivatives of Pd and Pt complexes
(b) Carbenes and carbynes of Cr, Mo and W
(c) Alkene derivatives of Pd and Pt
(d) Alkyne derivatives of Pd and Pt
(e) Allyl derivatives of nickel
(f) Sandwich compounds of Fe, Cr and Half Sandwich compounds of Cr, Mo.
2.3 Structure and bonding on the basis of VBT and MOT in the following
organometallic compounds:
Zeise‟s salt, bis(triphenylphosphine)diphenylacetylene platinum(0)
[Pt(PPh3)2(HC≡CPh)2], diallylnickel(II), ferrocene and bis(arene)chromium(0),
tricarbonyl (η2-butadiene) iron(0).
Unit III
Environmental Chemistry:[15 L]
3.1. Conception of Heavy Metals: Critical discussion on heavy metals
3.2. Toxicity of metallic species: Mercury, lead, cadmium, arsenic, copper and
chromium, with respect to their sources, distribution, speciation, biochemical effects
and toxicology, control and treatment.
3.3. Case Studies:
(a) Itai-itai disease for Cadmium toxicity,
(b) Arsenic Poisoning in the Indo-Bangladesh region.
3.4. Interaction of radiation in context with the environment:Sources and biological
implication of radioactive materials. Effect of low level radiation on cells- Its
applications in diagnosis and treatment, Effect of radiation on cell proliferation and
cancer.

Unit IV
Bioinorganic Chemistry:[15 L]
4.1. Biological oxygen carriers; hemoglobin, hemerythrene and hemocyanine- structure of
metal active center and differences in mechanism of oxygen binding, Differences
between hemoglobin and myoglobin: Cooperativity of oxygen binding in hemoglobin
and Hill equation, pH dependence of oxygen affinity in hemoglobin and myoglobin
and it‟s implications.
4.2. Activation of oxygen in biological system with examples of mono-oxygenases, and
oxidases- structure of the metal center and mechanism of oxygen activation by these
enzymes.
4.3. Copper containing enzymes- superoxide dismutase, tyrosinase and laccase: catalytic
reactions and the structures of the metal binding site
4.4. Nitrogen fixation-nitrogenase, hydrogenases
4.5. Metal ion transport and storage:Ionophores, transferrin, ferritin and metallothionins
4.6. Medicinal applications of cis-platin and related compounds

References

Unit I
1. P. Atkins, T. Overton, J. Rourke, M. Weller and F. Armstrong, Inorganic Chemistry,
5th Ed., Oxford University Press, 2010.
2. D. Banerjea, Coordination Chemistry, Tata McGraw Hill, 1993.
3. W. H. Malik, G. D./ Tuli and R. D. Madan, Selected Topics in Inorganic Chemistry, 8th
Ed., S. Chand & Company ltd.
4. M. L. Tobe and J. Burgess, Inorganic Reaction Mechanism, Longman, 1999.
5. S. Asperger, Chemical kinetics and Inorganic Reaction Mechanism, 2nd Ed., Kluwer
Academic/ Plenum Publishers, 2002
6. Gurdeep Raj, Advanced Inorganic Chemistry-Vol.II, 12th Edition, Goel publishing
house, 2012.
7. B. R. Puri, L. R. Sharma and K. C. Kalia, Principles of Inorganic Chemistry, Milestone
Publishers, 2013-2014.
8. F. Basalo and R. G. Pearson, Mechanism of Inorganic Reactions, 2nd Ed., Wiley, 1967.
9. R. Gopalan and V. Ramlingam, Concise Coordination chemistry, Vikas Publishing
house Pvt Ltd., 2001.
10. Robert B. Jordan, Reaction Mechanisms of Inorganic and Organometallic Systems, 3rd
Ed., Oxford University Press 2008.

Unit II
1. D. Banerjea, Coordination chemistry. Tata McGrew Hill, New Delhi,1993.
2. R.C Mehrotra and A.Singh, Organometallic Chemistry- A unified Approach, 2nded,
New Age International Pvt Ltd, 2000.
3. R.H Crabtree, The Organometallic Chemistry of the Transition Metals, 5th edition,
Wiley International Pvt, Ltd 2000.
4. B.Doughlas, D.H McDaniel and J.J Alexander. Concepts and Models of Inorganic
Chemistry, 2nd edition, John Wiley and Sons. 1983.
5. Organometallic Chemistry by G.S Sodhi. Ane Books Pvt Ltd.
Unit III
1. Environmental Chemistry 5th edition, Colin Baird Michael Cann, W. H. Freeman and
Company, New York, 2012.
2. Environmental Chemistry 7th edition, Stanley E. Manahan, CRC Press Publishers,
3. Environmental Contaminants, Daniel A. Vallero, ISBN: 0-12-710057-1, Elsevier Inc.,
2004.
4. Environmental Science 13th edition, G. Tyler Miller Jr. and Scott E. Spoolman, ISBN-
10: 0-495-56016-2, Brooks/Cole, Cengage Learning, 2010.
5. Fundamentals of Environmental and Toxicological Chemistry 4th edition, Stanley E.
Manahan, ISBN: 978-1-4665-5317-0, CRC Press Taylor & Francis Group, 2013.
6. Living in the Environment 17th edition, G. Tyler Miller Jr. and Scott E. Spoolman,
ISBN-10: 0-538-49414-X, Brooks/Cole, Cengage Learning, 2011
7. Poisoning and Toxicology Handbook, Jerrold B. Leikin, Frank P. Paloucek, ISBN: 1-
4200-4479-6, Informa Healthcare USA, Inc.
8. Casarett and Doull‟s Toxicology- The Basic Science of Poisons 6th edition, McGraw-
Hill, 2001.
Unit IV
1. R. W. Hay, Bioinorganic Chemistry, Ellis Harwood, England, 1984.
2. I. Bertini, H.B.Gray, S. J. Lippard and J.S. Valentine, Bioinorganic Chemistry, First
South Indian Edition, Viva Books, New Delhi, 1998.
 3. J. A. Cowan, Inorganic Biochemistry-An introduction, VCH Publication, 1993.
4. S. J. Lippard and J. M. Berg, Principles of Bioinorganic Chemistry, University Science
Publications, Mill Valley, Caligronic, 1994.
5. G.N. Mukherjee and A. Das, Elements of Bioinorganic Chemistry, Dhuri & Sons,
Calcutta, 1988.
6. J.Chem. Educ. (Special issue), Nov, 1985.
7. E.Frienden, J.Chem. Educ., 1985, 62.
8. Robert R.Crechton, Biological Inorganic Chemistry – An Introduction, Elsevier
9. J. R. Frausto da Silva and R. J. P. Williams The Biological Chemistry of the Elements,
Clarendon Press, Oxford, 1991.
10. JM. D. Yudkin and R. E. Offord A Guidebook to Biochemistry, Cambridge University
Press, 1980.

Inorganic Chemistry Practical

Paper II
Course Code: BPSCHE2P2
Ores and Alloys
1) Analysis of Devarda‟s alloy
2) Analysis of Cu – Ni alloy
3) Analysis of Tin Solder alloy
4) Analysis of Limestone.
Instrumentation
1) Estimation of Copper using Iodometric method Potentiometrically.
2) Estimation of Fe+3 solution using Ce(IV) ions Potentiometrically

Reference:
1. Advanced experiments in Inorganic Chemistry., G. N. Mukherjee., 1st Edn., 2010.,
U.N.Dhur & Sons Pvt Ltd
2. The Synthesis and Characterization of Inorganic Compounds by William L. Jolly
3. Inorganic Chemistry Practical Under UGC Syllabus for M.Sc. in all India
Universities By: Dr Deepak Pant
 Paper III
Organic Chemistry: Course Code: BPSCHE203

Lectures 60 L
Unit-I
1.1. Alkylation of Nucleophilic Carbon Intermediates: (7 L)
1.1.1. Generation of carbanion, kinetic and thermodynamic enolate formation,
Regioselectivity in enolate formation, alkylation of enolates.
1.1.2. Generation and alkylation of dianion, medium effects in the alkylation of enolates,
oxygen versus carbon as the site of alkylation.
1.1.3. Alkylation of aldehydes, ketones, esters, amides and nitriles.
1.1.4. Nitrogen analogs of enols and enolates- Enamines and Imines anions, alkylation of
enamines and imines.
1.1.5. Alkylation of carbon nucleophiles by conjugate addition (Michael reaction).
1.2. Reaction of carbon nucleophiles with carbonyl groups: (8 L)
1.2.1. Mechanism of Acid and base catalyzed Aldol condensation, Mixed Aldol
condensation with aromatic aldehydes, regiochemistry in mixed reactions of aliphatic
aldehydes and ketones, intramolecular Aldol reaction and Robinson annulation.
1.2.2. Addition reactions with amines and iminium ions; Mannich reaction.
1.2.3. Amine catalyzed condensation reaction: Knoevenagel reaction.
1.2.4. Acylation of carbanions.
[Reference Books: 1-11]

Unit II
Reactions and Rearrangements: (15 L)
Mechanisms, stereochemistry (if applicable) and applications of the following:
2.1. Reactions: Baylis-Hilman reaction, McMurry Coupling, Corey-Fuchs reaction, Nef
reaction, Passerini reaction.
2.2. Concerted rearrangements: Hofmann, Curtius, Lossen, Schmidt, Wolff, Boulton-
Katritzky.
2.3. Cationic rearrangements: Tiffeneau-Demjanov, Pummerer, Dienone-phenol, Rupe,
Wagner-Meerwein.
2.4. Anionic rearrangements: Brook, Neber, Von Richter, Wittig, Gabriel–Colman,
Payne.
[Reference Books: 19-22]
Unit-III
3.1. Introduction to Molecular Orbital Theory for Organic Chemistry: ( 7 L)
3.1.1. Molecular orbitals: Formation of σ- and π-MOs by using LCAO method. Formation
of π MOs of ethylene, butadiene, 1, 3, 5-hexatriene, allyl cation, anion and radical.
Concept of nodal planes and energies of π-MOs
3.1.2. Introduction to FMOs: HOMO and LUMO and significance of HOMO-LUMO gap
in absorption spectra as well as chemical reactions. MOs of formaldehyde: The effect
of electronegativity perturbation and orbital polarization in formaldehyde. HOMO and
LUMO (π and π* orbitals) of formaldehyde. A brief description of MOs of
nucleophiles and electrophiles. Concept of „donor-acceptor‟ interactions in
nucleophilic addition reactions on formaldehyde. Connection of this HOMO-LUMO
interaction with „curved arrows‟ used in reaction mechanisms. The concept of
hardness and softness and its application to electrophiles and nucleophiles. Examples
of hard and soft nucleophiles/ electrophiles. Identification of hard and soft reactive
sites on the basis of MOs.
3.1.3. Application of FMO concepts in (a) SN2 reaction, (b) Lewis acid base adducts (BF3-
NH3 complex), (c) ethylene dimerization to butadiene, (d) Diels-Alder cycloaddition,
(e) regioselective reaction of allyl cation with allyl anion (f) addition of hydride to
formaldehyde.
3.2. Applications of UV and IR spectroscopy: (8 L)
3.2.1. Ultraviolet spectroscopy: Recapitulation, UV spectra of dienes, conjugated polyenes
(cyclic and acyclic), carbonyl and unsaturated carbonyl compounds, substituted
aromatic compounds. Factors affecting the position and intensity of UV bands – effect
of conjugation, steric factor, pH, and solvent polarity. Calculation of absorption
maxima for above classes of compounds by Woodward-Fieser rules (using
Woodward-Fieser tables for values for substituents).
3.2.2. Infrared spectroscopy: Fundamental, overtone and combination bands, vibrational
coupling, factors affecting vibrational frequency (atomic weight, conjugation, ring
size, solvent and hydrogen bonding). Characteristic vibrational frequencies for
alkanes, alkenes, alkynes, aromatics, alcohols, ethers, phenols, amines, nitriles and
nitro compounds. Detailed study of vibrational frequencies of carbonyl compounds,
aldehydes, ketones, esters, amides, acids, acid halides, anhydrides, lactones, lactams
and conjugated carbonyl compounds.

Unit-IV
NMR spectroscopy and Mass spectrometry (15 L)
4.1. Proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy: Principle, Chemical shift, Factors
affecting chemical shift (Electronegativity, H-bonding, Anisotropy effects). Chemical
and magnetic equivalence, Chemical shift values and correlation for protons bonded to
carbon and other nuclei as in alcohols, phenols, enols, carboxylic acids, amines,
amides. Spin-spin coupling, Coupling constant (J), Factors affecting J, geminal, vicinal
and long range coupling (allylic and aromatic). First order spectra, Karplus equation.
 13
4.2. C NMR spectroscopy: Theory and comparison with proton NMR, proton coupled
and decoupled spectra, off-resonance decoupling. Factors influencing carbon shifts,
correlation of chemical shifts of aliphatic, olefin, alkyne, aromatic and carbonyl
carbons.
4.3. Mass spectrometry: Molecular ion peak, base peak, isotopic abundance, metastable
ions. Nitrogen rule, Determination of molecular formula of organic compounds based
on isotopic abundance and HRMS. Fragmentation pattern in various classes of organic
compounds (including compounds containing hetero atoms), McLafferty
rearrangement, Retro-Diels-Alder reaction, ortho effect.
4.4. Structure determination involving individual or combined use of the above spectral
techniques.
[Reference Books: 13-18]

References:
1. Organic Chemistry, J. Claydens, N. Greeves, S. Warren and P. Wothers, Oxford
University Press.
2. Advanced Organic Chemistry, F.A. Carey and R.J. Sundberg, Part A, page no. 713-769,
and B, Plenum Press.
3. March‟s Advanced Organic Chemistry: Reactions, Mechanisms and Structure, Michael
B. Smith, Jerry March, Wiley.
4. Organic Chemistry, R.T. Morrison, R.N. Boyd and S.K. Bhattacharjee, Pearson
Publication (7th Edition)
5. Advanced Organic Chemistry: Reactions and mechanism, B. Miller and R. Prasad,
Pearson Education.
6. Advanced Organic Chemistry: Reaction mechanisms, R. Bruckner, Academic Press.
7. Understanding Organic Reaction Mechanisms, Adams Jacobs, Cambridge University
Press.
8. Writing Reaction Mechanism in organic chemistry, A. Miller, P.H. Solomons, Academic
Press.
9. Principles of Organic Synthesis, R.O.C. Norman and J.M Coxon, Nelson Thornes.
10. Advanced Organic Chemistry: Reactions and mechanism, L.G. Wade, Jr., Maya Shankar
Singh, Pearson Education.
11. Mechanism in Organic Chemistry, Peter Sykes, 6th
12. Molecular Orbital and Organic chemical reactions, Ian Fleming Reference Edition,
Wiley
13. Introduction to Spectroscopy, Donald L. Pavia, Gary M. Lampman, George S. Kriz,
Thomson Brooks.
14. Spectrometric Identification of Organic Compounds, R. Silverstein, G.C Bassler and
T.C. Morrill, John Wiley and Sons.
15. Organic Spectroscopy, William Kemp, W.H. Freeman & Company.
16. Organic Spectroscopy-Principles and Applications, Jagmohan, Narosa Publication.
17. Organic Spectroscopy, V.R. Dani, Tata McGraw Hill Publishing Co.
18. Spectroscopy of Organic Compounds, P.S. Kalsi, New Age International Ltd.
19. Organic Reaction Mechanisms, V.K. Ahluwalia, R.K. Parasher, Alpha Science
International, 2011.
20. Reactions, Rearrangements and Reagents by S. N. Sanyal
21. Name Reactions, Jie Jack Li, Springer
22. Name Reactions and Reagents in Organic Synthesis, Bradford P. Mundy, M.G. Ellerd,
and F.G. Favaloro, John Wiley & Sons.

Organic Chemistry Practical

Paper III
Course Code: BPSCHE2P3
Separation of Binary mixture using micro-scale technique
1. Separation of binary mixture using physical and chemical methods.
2. Characterization of one of the components with the help of chemical analysis and
confirmation of the structure with the help of derivative preparation and its physical
constant.
3. Purification and determination of mass and physical constant of the second component.
The following types are expected:
(i) Water soluble/water insoluble solid and water insoluble solid,
(ii) Non-volatile liquid-Non-volatile liquid (chemical separation)
(iii) Water-insoluble solid-Non-volatile liquid.
Minimum three mixtures from each type and a total of ten mixtures are expected.
Reference:
1. Systematic Qualitative organic analysis, H. Middleton (Orient Longman)
2. A Handbook of Organic Analysis, H.T. Clark (Orient Longman)
3. Systematic Identification of organic compounds, R.L. Shriner (John Wiley, New York)
4. Practical Organic Chemistry by Mann and Saunders.
5. Advance Practical Organic Chemistry, N.K. Vishnoi, Vikas Publication

Paper IV
Analytical Chemistry: Course Code: BPSCHE104 [60 L]

Unit I
Chromatography [15 L]
1.1 Recapitulation of basic concepts in chromatography: Classification of
chromatographic methods, requirements of an ideal detector, types of detectors in LC
and GC, comparative account of detectors with reference to their applications (LC and
GC respectively), qualitative and quantitative analysis.[2 L]
1.2 Concept of plate and rate theories in chromatography: efficiency, resolution,
selectivity and separation capability. Van Deemter equation and broadening of
chromatographic peaks. Optimization of chromatographic conditions.[5 L]
1.3 Gas Chromatography: Instrumentation of GC with special reference to sample
injection systems – split/splitless, column types, solid/ liquid stationary phases,
column switching techniques, temperature programming, Thermionic and mass
spectrometric detector, Applications. [3 L]
1.4 High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC): Normal phase and reversed
phase with special reference to types of commercially available columns (Use of C8
and C18 columns). Diode array type and fluorescence detector, Applications of
HPLC. Chiral and ion chromatography. [5 L]
Unit II
2.1 X-ray spectroscopy: principle, instrumentation and applications of X-ray
fluorescence, absorption and diffraction spectroscopy. [4 L]
2.2 Mass spectrometry: recapitulation, instrumentation, ion sources for molecular
studies, electron impact, field ionization, field absorption, chemical ionization and fast
atom bombardment sources. Mass analyzers: Quadrupole, time of flight and ion trap.
Applications.[6 L]
2.3 Radioanalytical Methods – recapitulation, isotope dilution method, introduction,
principle, single dilution method, double dilution method and applications. [5 L]
Unit III
3.1 Surface Analytical Techniques – [9 L]
Introduction, Principle, Instrumentation and Applications of:
3.1.1 Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM)
3.1.2 Scanning Tunneling Microscopy (STM)
3.1.3 Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM)
3.1.4 Electron Spectroscopy (ESCA and Auger)

3.2 Atomic Spectroscopy [6 L]

3.2.1 Advantages and Limitations of AAS
3.2.2 Atomic Spectroscopy based on plasma sources – Introduction, Principle,
Instrumentation and Applications.
Unit IV
Electroanalytical Methods (Numericals are Expected)
4.1 Ion selective potentiometry and Polarography: [10 L]
Ion selective electrodes and their applications (solid state, precipitate, liquid –liquid,
enzyme and gas sensing electrodes), ion selective field effect transistors, biocatalytic
membrane electrodes and enzyme based biosensors.
 Polarography: Ilkovic equation, derivation starting with Cottrell equation, effect of
complex formation on the polarographic waves.
4.2 Electrogravimetry: Introduction, principle, instrumentation, factors affecting the
nature of the deposit, applications.[3 L]
4.3 Coulometry: Introduction, principle, instrumentation, coulometry at controlled
potential and controlled current [2 L]
References:
Unit I
1. Instrumental Analysis, Skoog, Holler & Crouch
2 HPLC Practical and Industrial Applications, 2 nd Ed., Joel K. Swadesh, CRC Press
Unit II
1. Essentials of Nuclear Chemistry, H J Arnikar, New Age Publishers (2005)
2. Fundamentals of Radiochemistry D. D. Sood , A. V. R. Reddy and N. Ramamoorthy
3. Principles of Instrumental Analysis - Skoog, Holler and Nieman, 5th Edition, Ch: 12
4. Principles of Instrumental Analysis - Skoog, Holler and Nieman, 5th Edition, Ch: 20
Unit III
1. Instrumental Analysis by Douglas A. Skoog - F. James Holler - Crouch, Publisher:
Cengage; Edition, (2003), ISBN-10: 8131505421, ISBN-13: 978-8131505427
2. Physical Principles of Electron Microscopy, An Introduction to TEM, SEM, and AEM
3. Authors: Ray F. Egerton, ISBN: 978-0- 387-25800- 3 (Print) 978-0- 387-26016- 7
(Online)
4. Modern techniques of surface science by D.P. Woodruff, T.A. Delchar, Cambridge Univ.
Press, 1994.
5. Introduction to Scanning Tunneling Microscopy by C. J. Chen, Oxford University Press,
NewYork, 1993.
6. 5. Transmission Electron Microscopy: A text book for Material Science, David B
Williams and C., Barry Carter, Springer
7. Modern Spectroscopy, by J.M. Hollas, 3rd Edition (1996), John Wiley, New York
8. Principles of Instrumental Analysis – Skoog, Holler, Nieman, 5th ed., Harcourt College
Publishers, 1998.
9. Instrumental Analysis by Douglas A. Skoog - F. James Holler - Crouch,
Publisher: Cengage; Edition (2003), ISBN10: 8131505421, ISBN-13: 978-8131505427

Unit IV
1. Principles of Instrumental Analysis – Skoog, Holler, Nieman, 5th Edition, Harcourt
College Publishers, 1998. Chapters - 23, 24, 25.
2. Analytical Chemistry Principles – John H Kennnedy, 2nd edition, Saunders College
Publishing (1990).
3. Modern Analytical Chemistry David Harvey; McGraw Hill Higher education publishers,
(2000).
4. Vogel‟s Text book of quantitative chemical analysis, 6th edition, Pearson Education
Limited, (2007).
5. Electrochemical Methods Fundamentals and Applications, Allen J Bard and Larry R
Faulkner, John Wiley and Sons, (1980).
6. Instrumental Methods of Analysis Willard, Merrit, Dean and Settle, 7th edition, CBS
publishers.
 Analytical Chemistry Practical
Paper IV
Course Code: BPSCHPE2P4
1. To determine percentage purity of sodium carbonate in washing soda pH metrically.
2. To determine amount of Ti(III) and Fe(II) in a mixture by titration with Ce(IV)
potentiometrically.
3. To determine the percentage purity of a sample (glycine/sodium benzoate/primary amine)
by titration with perchloric acid in a non aqueous medium using glass calomel system
potentiometrically.
4. To determine the amount of nitrite present in the given water sample colorimetrically.
5. To determine the amount of Fe(II) and Fe(III) in a mixture using 1,10-phenanthroline
spectrophotometrically.
6. Simultaneous determination of Cr(VI) and Mn(VII) in a mixture spectrophotometrically.
7. To determine the percentage composition of HCl and H2SO4 on weight basis in a mixture
of two by conductometric titration with NaOH and BaCl2.
8. To determine amount of potassium in the given sample of fertilizers using flame
photometer by standard addition method.
References
1. Quantitative Inorganic Analysis including Elementary Instrumental Analysis by A. I.
Vogels, 3rd Ed. ELBS (1964)
2. Vogel's textbook of quantitative chemical analysis, Sixth Ed. Mendham, Denny, Barnes,
Thomas, Pearson education
3. Standard methods of chemical analysis, F. J. Welcher
4. Standard Instrumental methods of Chemical Analysis, F. J. Welcher
5. W.W.Scott."Standard methods of Chemical Analysis",Vol.I, Van Nostrand Company,
Inc.,1939.
6. E.B.Sandell and H.Onishi,"Spectrophotometric Determination of Traces of Metals",Part-
II, 4th Ed.,A Wiley Interscience Publication,New York,1978

Practical Examination

Practical examination of each paper for 50 marks will be held for three and half hours
Practical 40M
Journal 5M
Viva-voce 5M
Total 50M

Xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
B. K. BIRLA COLLEGE OF ARTS, SCIENCE AND
COMMERCE, (AUTONOMOUS) KALYAN

Program: M.Sc.

(Choice Based Credit System)

Course: M.Sc. Analytical Chemistry

Syllabus for Semester III & IV
PROGRAM OUTLINE

Year Semester Course Code Course Title Credits

M.Sc-II (Analytical BPSCHEA301 Quality in Analytical 4
Chemistry) Chemistry- I
BPSCHEA302 Advanced Instrumental 4
Techniques- I
III BPSCHEA303 Bioanalytical Chemistry 4
& Food Analysis
BPSCHEA304 Environmental & Certain 4
Industrially Important
Materials
BPSCHEA3P1 Practical 8
BPSCHEA3P2
BPSCHEA3P3
BPSCHEA3P4
BPSCHEA401 Quality in Analytical 4
Chemistry- II
BPSCHEA402 Advanced Instrumental 4
Techniques- II
IV BPSCHEA403 Selected Topics in 4
Analytical Chemistry
BPSCHEA404 Research methodology and 4
Introduction to Intellectual
Property Rights
BPSCHEA4P1 Practical 8
BPSCHEA4P2
BPSCHEA4P3
BPSCHEA4P4

Analytical Chemistry (BPSCHEA301)

Course Outcomes:

After completion of this course, the learner will be able to,

CO 1 Elaborate on the concept of Sampling and various methods involved in sample
preparation and storage.

CO 2 Select the best method out of all the methods available for the analysis of samples.
CO 3 Calculate the uncertainty involved in a measurement.
CO 4 Describe the sources & different methods used for the enhancement of signal to
noise ratio.

CO 5 Apply the parameters involved in method validation for developing a new method
for the analysis of a sample.
CO 6 Make use of the principles involved in various chromatographic techniques such as
Ionexchange, Size exclusion, SCF, Affinity, Inverse & UPLC to carry out separation
& analysis of sample.

Analytical Chemistry (BPSCHEA302)

Course Outcomes:
After completion of this course, the learner will be able to,
CO 1 Make use of the surface analytical techniques(such as SIMS,PIXE) for obtaining
information about the surfaces while characterizing the samples.

CO 2 Enlist the advantages of development of hyphenated techniques and will be able to

explain the different types of interfaces that are used to achieve this hyphenation.

CO 3 Apply the principle underlying spectroelectrochemistry& the use of optically

transparent electrodes to carry out the analysis of samples.

CO 4 Elaborate on the essential principles underlying the applications of thermal methods

and radiochemical methods.

CO 5 Develop a working knowledge of various methods used in polarography.

CO 6 Explain anodic , cathodic and adsorptive stripping methods in voltammetry.
CO 7 Select a suitable method of voltammetry for the analysis of a particular sample.

Analytical Chemistry (BPSCHEA303)

Course Outcomes:
After completion of this course,the learner will be able to
CO 1 Describe the composition of body fluids (blood & Urine).
CO 2 Enlist the physiological and nutritional significance of vitamins & biological
macromolecules.
CO 3 Apply the various analytical (microbiological techniques) learned for the analysis of
these vitamins and biological macromolecules which in turn will help them in
identification and diagnosis of diseases.

CO 4 Explain the mechanism of operation of immune system.

CO 5 Describe the various food preservation techniques that are widely practiced in food
industries as quality control measure.

CO 6 Design an experiment to confirm the presence and amount of various components

present in different types of food samples for further label claim studies.
 Analytical Chemistry (BPSCHEA304)

Course Outcomes:
After completion of this course, the learner will be able to

CO 1 List the major sources of different types of pollutants.

CO 2 Classify the different types of pollutants.

CO 3 Estimate the pollutants present in air.

CO 4 Outline the role of pollution control boards in monitoring and controlling pollution.

CO 5 Apply the methods learned in sampling of these pollutants to procure a sample for analysis.

CO 6 Indicate appropriate measures to reduce/or minimize the effects of these

pollutants on environment.
CO 7 Evaluate the quality of potable water based on the guidelines laid down by the regulatory
bodies.
CO 8 Acquire awareness of the principles of green chemistry.

CO 9 Plan out the synthesis of a sample by incorporating benign and environmentally safe
solvents.

Analytical Chemistry (BPSCHEA401)

Course Outcomes:
After completion of this course, the learners will be able to,
CO 1 Identify and design the suitable membrane separation technique for intended problem.
CO 2 Elaborate on the importance of concept of pH ½ in solvent extraction.
CO 3 Select an appropriate method for the processing, extraction using different techniques
and standardization of the herbal materials as per WHO cGMP guidelines.

CO 4 Recommend methods for the biodegradation of insectiscides and pestiscides.

CO 5 Judge the quality of the detergents by making use of the various methods which are
used in industries for carrying out their analysis.

CO 6 Enlist properties of an ideal fuel.

CO 7 Determine the calorific value of fuels using the methodologies learned.
CO 8 Separate & estimate the amount of biomolecules using appropriate electrophoretic
technique.

Analytical Chemistry (BPSCHEA402)

Course Outcomes:
After completion of this course, the learners will be able to,
CO 1 Explain the basic theory of 1H NMR spectroscopy & Raman Spectroscopy.
CO 2 Describe the working of the different components of NMR spectrophotometer &
Raman spectrometer and will be able to explain how the spectrum is recorded.

CO 3 Apply 1H ,13C, 31Pand 19F NMR spectroscopy techniques in combination with other
spectroscopic data to carry out structure determination.

CO 4 Explain the mechanism of formation and fragmentation of ions in gas phase.

CO 5 Interpret the information contained in the mass spectra.
CO 6 Apply the basic working principles involved in the spectroscopic techniques learned
for carrying out identification and analysis of samples.

CO 7 Make use of the phenomenon of chemiluminescence for varied applications.

CO 8 Elaborate on the concept of ORD & CD.
CO 9 Discuss the principle , instrumentation involved in Photoacoustic spectroscopy and
will be able to use it for the trace analysis of solid , liquid and gaseous samples.

Analytical Chemistry (BPSCHEA403)

Course Outcomes:
After completion of this course, the learner will be able to,
CO 1 Elaborate on the various physical , chemical and biological processes which are used
in CETP to remove the contaminants from wastewater.

CO 2 Apply the concept of recycling, reuse & reclamation in managing solid waste in real
life.

CO 3 Classify the different types of plastics.

CO 4 Outline the importance of additives in plastic.
CO 5 Estimate the amount of metallic impurities in plastics.
CO 6 Describe the composition of paints.
CO 7 Make use of the methodologies learned to carry out the analysis of each and every
component present in paints.

CO 8 Develop an understanding of zone refining and vacuum fusion and extraction

techniques.

CO 9 Classify the kinds of elements that can be purified by the process of zone refining.
CO 10 Suggest a method for analyzing different elements present in ores & alloys.

Analytical Chemistry (BPSCHEA404)

Course Outcomes:
After the completion of this course, the learner will be able to:
CO 1 Know basics of research methodology
CO 2 Get the technical know-how of research from developing a problem.
CO 3 Write a research paper, study formats of existing research papers and review papers.
CO 4 Be aware about importance of lab-safety and the safety protocols in R&D laboratories.
CO 5 Be well versed with the concept of intellectual property and the terms involved with
respect to Indian Patent Law.
CO 6 Distinguish between patents and copyrights.
CO 7 Elaborate on the economical impact and legislature involved in Intellectual property
rights.
CO 8 Make use of the software tools pertaining to Cheminformatics and Molecular
Modelling.
CO 9 Conduct structure and sub-structure search online, determine SMILES codes for
various molecules.
CO 10 Gain knowledge about the application of the research based tools.

B. K. Birla College of Arts, Science and Commerce (Autonomous),

Kalyan
M.Sc. Analytical Chemistry
Semester III and IV

SEMESTER III

Course
Code UNIT TOPICS Credits L/Week
QUALITY IN ANALYTICAL
CHEMISTRY- I

I Quality in Analytical Chemistry – I 1

II Quality in Analytical Chemistry – II 1
BPSCHEA301 4
III Chromatographic Techniques - I 1
IV Chromatographic Techniques - II 1
ADVANCE INSTRUMENTAL
TECHNIQUES- I
I Spectral methods – I 1
II Spectral methods – II 1
BPSCHEA302 4
III Electroanalytical methods 1
IV Advanced Miscellaneous techniques 1
BPSCHEA303 BIOANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
AND FOOD ANALYSIS
I Analytical Biochemistry 1
II Immunological methods 1
4
III Food analysis – I 1

IV Food analysis – II 1
ENVIRONMENTAL AND
CERTAIN INDUSTRIAL
IMPORTANT MATERIAL
I Air pollution 1
BPSCHEA304 II Water Quality Standards 1
4
III Other types of pollution 1
IV Industrial materials 1
BPSCHA3P1
BPSCHA3P2
BPSCHA3P3 Practicals 8 16
BPSCHA3P4
 SEMESTER IV

Course Code
UNIT TOPICS Credits L / Week

Quality in Analytical Chemistry- II

I Safety and Research 1

Membrane separation and
II automated techniques 1
BPSCHEA401 4
III Green Chemistry 1
IV Advanced technology 1
Advanced Instrumental Techniques- II

I Spectral methods – III 1

II Spectral methods – IV 1
BPSCHEA402 4
III Radiochemical and thermal methods 1
IV Hyphenated techniques 1
Selected Topics in Analytical
Chemistry
I Potable Water – II 1
II Solid waste management 1
BPSCHEA403 4
III Plastics and polymers 1
IV Metallurgy 1
Intellectual Property Rights and
Cheminformatics
I Resources 1
II Data Analysis 1
BPSCHEA404 4
III Methods of Scientific Research and 1
writing Scientific Papers
IV Intellectual Property Rights 1
BPSCHEA4P1
BPSCHEA4P2 Practicals 8 16
BPSCHEA4P3
BPSCHEA4P4
 M.Sc. ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
SEMESTER – III
BPSCHEA301
Quality in Analytical Chemistry

UNIT I Quality In Analytical Chemistry - I 15

1.1 Sampling: Definition, types of sample, sampling plan, quality of sample,

subsampling, Sampling of raw materials, intermediates and finished products.
Sample preparations – dissolution technology and decomposition, storage of
Samples. Pre-treatment of samples: soil, food and cosmetics. (8L)
1.2 Selection of the Method: sources of methods, factors to consider when
selecting a method, performance criteria for methods used, reasons for
incorrect analytical results, method validation, and quality by design (PAT).
(7L)

UNIT II Quality In Analytical Chemistry - II 15

2.1 Measurement of uncertainty: Definition and evaluation of uncertainty,

putting uncertainty to use, interpretation of results and improving the quality
of results. (4L)

2.2 Signal to noise: Signal to noise ratio, sources of noise in instrumental

analysis. Signal to noise enhancement, hardware devices for noise reduction,
software methods for noise reduction. (6L)

2.3 Pharmaceutical Legislation: introduction to drug acts, drug rules

(schedules), concept of regulatory affairs in pharmaceuticals, review of GLP
and GMP and their regulations for analytical labs, roles and responsibilities of
personnel, appropriate design and placement of laboratory equipment,
requirements for maintenance and calibration. (5L)

UNIT III Chromatographic Techniques -I 15

3.1 Ion exchange chromatography: Ion exchange equilibria, breakthrough

capacity, inorganic ion exchangers, synthetic ion exchangers, chelating resins
and their applications for separation of inorganic and organic compounds. (8L)
3.2 Ion chromatography: Principle, instrumentation with special reference to
separation and suppressor columns, applications. (2L)
3.3 Exclusion chromatography: Theory, instrumentation and applications of gel
permeation chromatography, retention behavior, inorganic molecular sieves,
determination of molecular weight of polymers. (5L)
 UNIT IV Chromatographic Techniques -II 15

4.1 Supercritical fluid Chromatography: Theory, concept of critical state of

matter and supercritical state, types of supercritical fluids, instrumentation,
applications to environmental, food, pharmaceuticals and polymeric
analysis. (8L)
4.2 Affinity Chromatography: principle, instrumentation and applications (4l)
4.3 Optimum pressure liquid chromatography (OPLC) (3L)

List of books and references:

1. Quality in the analytical chemistry laboratory, E Prichard, John Wiley and sons
N.Y 1997.
2. Quality assurance in analytical Chemistry, W Funk, V Dammann, G. Donnevert
VCH Weinheim1995.
3. Amit S. Patil et. al.,Quality by Design (QbD) : A new concept for development of
Quality pharmaceuticals, International Journal of Pharmaceutical Quality Assurance;
4(2); 13-19.
4. Lalit Singh and Vijay Sharma, Quality by Design (QbD) Approach in
Pharmaceuticals: Status, Challenges and Next Steps, Drug Delivery Letters, 2015,
5, 2-8. Quality in the analytical chemistry laboratory, E Prichard, John Wiley and
sons N.Y 1997
5. Fundamentals of Analytical Chemistry, D. A. Skoog and D. M. West, Saonders,
College publication.
6. Chemical methods of separation, J A Dean, Van Nostrand Reinhold, 1969
7. Solvent extraction and ion exchange, J Marcus and A. S. Kertes Wiley INC 1969.
8. Analytical Chemistry, G. D. Christain, Wiley
9. Extraction Chromatography T. Braun, G. Ghersene, Elsevier Publications 1978.
10 Supercritical Fluid Extraction, Larry Taylor Wiley publishers N.Y. 1996
nd
11. Ion exchange separation in analytical chemistry O Samuelson John Wiley 2 ed
1963
12 Ion exchange chromatography Ed H.F Walton Howden, Hutchenson and Rossing
1976
13. Chromatographic and electrophoresis techniques I Smith Menemann Interscience
1960
 SEMESTER-III
BPSCHEA302
Advance Instrumental Techniques

UNIT I Spectral Methods I 15

1.1 Surface Analytical Techniques: Preparation of the surface, difficulties
involved in the surface analysis. (1L)
1.2 Principle, instrumentation and applications of the following:
a. Secondary Ion mass spectroscopy. (4L)
b. Particle-Induced X-Ray Emission (5L)
c. Low-Energy Ion Scattering and Rutherford Backscattering (5L)
UNIT II Spectral Methods – II 15
Principle, Instrumentation, and Applications of
2.1 Electron Spin Resonance Spectroscopy (ESR) (5L)
2.2 Mossbauer’s Spectroscopy (5L)
2.3 Atomic Emission Spectroscopy- based on plasma and electrical discharge
sources (5L)
UNIT III Electroanalytical Methods 15
Advanced Electroanalytical Techniques:-
3.1 Current Sampled (TAST) Polarography, Normal and Differential Pulse
Polarography (3L)
3.2 Potential Sweep methods- Linear Sweep Voltammetry and Cyclic
voltammetry. (3L)
3.3 Potential Step method- Chronoamperometry (2L)
3.4 Controlled potential technique- Chronopotentiometry (2L)
3.5 Stripping Voltammetry- anodic, cathodic, and adsorption (2L)
3. 6 Chemically and electrolytically modified electrodes and ultra- microelectrodes
in voltammetry (3L)
UNIT IV Miscellaneous Techniques 15
Principle, Instrumentation and Applications of:
4.1 Chemiluminesescence techniques (3L)
4.2 Chirooptical Methods: ORD, CD (5L)
4.3 Photoacoustic spectroscopy (3L)
4.4 Spectroelectrochemistry (4L)

List of books and references:

th
1. Analytical Chemistry, G. D. Christian, 4 Ed. John Wiley, New York (1986)
2. Fundamentals of Analytical Chemistry, D .A. Skoog and D. M. West and F. J. Holler
Holt- Saunders 6th Edition (1992)
3. Principles of Instrumental Analysis, D. A. Skoog, F. J. Holler and J.A. Niemann,
5th Edition (1998)
4. Instrumental Methods of Analysis, H. H. Willard, L. L. Merritt, Jr. J. A. Dean and F.
A. Settle Jr 6th Ed CBS (1986)
5. Instrumental Methods of Analysis, H. H. Willard, L. L. Merritt Jr, J. A. Dean and F. A.
Settle Jr 7th Ed CBS (1986)
6. Introduction to Instrumental Analysis, R. D. Braun, Mc Graw Hill (1987)
7. Electrochemical Methods, A. J. Bard and L.R. Faulkner, John Wiley, New York,
(1980)
8. Electroanalytical Chemistry, J.J . Lingane, 2nd Ed Interscience, New York (1958)
9. Modern Polarographic Methods in Analytical Chemistry, A. M. Bond, Marcel Dekker,
New York, 1980.
10. Electroanalytical Chemistry, Ed A. J. Bard and Marcel Dekker, New York, (A
series of volumes)
11. Techniques and mechanism of electrochemistry, P. A. Christian and A. Hamnett,
Blachie Academic and Professional (1994)
12. Wilson and Wilson’s Comprehensive Analytical Chemistry, Ed. G. Svehla. (A series
of Volumes)
13. Treatise on Analytical Chemistry, Eds. I. M. Kolthoff and Others, Interscience Pub.
(A series of volumes).
14. Standard Methods of Chemical Analysis, Eds. F. J. Welcher, Robert E. Krieger
Publishing Company, (A series of volumes)
15. Polarographic Methods in Analytical Chemistry, M. G. Arora, Anmol Publications
Pvt Ltd
nd
16 Surface Analysis –The Principal Techniques, 2 Edition Edited by John C. Vickerman
and Ian S. Gilmore 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. ISBN: 978-0-470-01763-0
17. NMR, NQR, EPR, and Mössbauer Spectroscopy in Inorganic Chemistry R. V. Parish.
Ellis Horwood, Chichester
 SEMESTER – III
BPSCHEA303
Bioanalytical Chemistry and Food Analysis

UNIT I Bioanalytical chemistry 15

1.1 Body Fluids
1.1.1 Composition of body fluids and detection of abnormal levels of
glucose, creatinine, uric acid in blood, protein, ketone bodies and
bilirubin in urine leading to diagnosis of diseases. (5L)
1.1.2 Physiological and nutritional significance of vitamins (water
soluble and fat soluble) and minerals. (5L)
1.1.3 Analytical techniques (including microbiological techniques)
for vitamins. (5L)
UNIT II Immunological Methods 15
2.1 General processes of immune response, antigen-antibody
reactions, precipitation reactions, radio, enzyme and fluoro-immuno
assays.(8L)
2.2 Human Nutrition: Biological values and estimation of enzymes,
carbohydrates, proteins, essential amino acids and lipids.(7L)
UNIT III Food Analysis – I 15
3.1 Fuel value of food and importance of food nutrients (2L)
3.2 Food Additives – General idea about Food processing and
preservation, Chemical preservatives, fortifying agents, emulsifiers,
texturizing agents, flavours, colours, artificial sweeteners, enzymes.
Analysis of food products for flavoring agents and colour. (5L)
3.3 Food Contaminants– Trace metals and pesticide residues,
contaminants from industrial wastes (polychlorinated polyphenols,
dioxins), toxicants formed during food processing (aromatic
hydrocarbons, nitrosamines), veterinary drug residues and melamine
contaminants. (8L)
UNIT IV Food Analysis – II 15
4.1 Food packaging – Introduction, types of packing materials,
properties and industrial requirements.(2L)
4.1.1 Processing and Quality requirements of Milk and milk products
(cheese, butter and ice cream), vegetables and fruits, meat and meat
products. (6L)
4.2 Analysis of Milk – Fat content, proteins, acidity, bacteriological
quality and milk adulterants.(2L)
4.3 Analysis of Oils and Fats – acid value, sap value, iodine value.
Determination of rancidity and antioxidants.(2L)
4.4 Analysis of spices (cloves, cinnamon, pepper, mustard)
Determination of volatile oils and fixed oils.(3L)
List of books and References:
1. General, organic and biological chemistry, H. Stephen Stoker, Cengage Learning.
2. Advance dairy chemistry, vol 3, P. F. Fox, P. L. H. McSweeney Springer.
3. Physiological fluid dynamics vol 3, Nanjanagud Venkatanarayanasastry
Chandrasekhara Swamy Narosa Pub. House, 1992
4. Molecular Biological and Immunological Techniques and Applications for food,
edited by Bert Popping, Carmen Diaz-Amigo, Katrin Hoenicke, John Wiley & sons.
5. Food Analysis: Theory and practice, Yeshajahu Pomeranz, Clifton E. Meloan,
Springer.
6. Principles of package development, Gribbin et al
7. Modern packaging Encyclopedia and planning guide, Macgra Wreyco.
8. Food Analysis, Edited by S. Suzanne Nielsen, Springer
9. Analytical Biochemistry, D, J. Homes and H. Peck, Longman (1983)
10. Bioanalytical Chemistry, S. R. Mikkelesen and E. Corton, John Wiley and sons 2004
11. Analysis of food and beverages, George Charalanbous, Accademic press 1978
 SEMESTER-III
BPSCHEA304
Environmental and Certain Industrially Important Matrials
UNIT I Air Pollution 15
1.1 Sources, classification, pollutants and permissible limits.(2L)
1.2 Sampling methods for air, flew gas ,Industrial Exhaust, stag
samples etc. (2L)
1.3 Importance of automobile exhaust control and its limits(2L)
1.4 Sampling and analysis of: Particulate matter, aerosols, ammonia
and organic vapors. (3L)
1.5 Carbon credit and global issues related to air pollution.(3L)
1.6 Greenhouse gases and their substitutes. (1L)
1.7 Environmental Legislation: role of pollution control boards, article
48A and 51A, Motor Vehicle Act and method of analysis with
respect to PUC. (2L)
UNIT II Water Quality Standards 15
2.1 Water: quality and requirements of potable water, direct and
indirect pollutants for potable water reservoirs, quality of potable water
from natural sources. (6L)
2.2 Bore well water quality and analytical parameters. Quality of
bottled mineral water (3L)
2.3 Process of purification of bore well water to bottled mineral water.
(2L)
2.4 Regulatory requirements for packaged drinking water (4L)
UNIT III Other Types Of Pollution 15
3.1 Soil pollution and Soil Analysis : sources of soil pollution and
their control, sampling of soil, determination of water holding
capacity, determination total nitrogen, ammonia and nitrates, fertility
of soil and effect of pollution on it, synthetic fertilizers and their long
term effect on soil quality. (6L)
3.2 Noise Pollution : sources, effects, methods of measurements and
control measures.(2L)
 3.3 Thermal Pollution: definition, source, impact, control measures,
working of cooling towers and cooling ponds, involved economy.
(3L)
3.4 Radioactive pollutants: source, exposure hazards, precautions in
handling and safety, Long term effects. (2L)
3.5 Environmental Audits: concept of audit, authorities, evaluation
methodology, benefits and certification (2L)
UNIT IV Industrial Materials 15
4.1 Insecticides, Pesticides: definition, classification of insecticides
pesticides. Biodegradation of insecticides and pesticides (5L).
4.2 Soaps and Detergents: classification and composition, qualitative
analysis, quantitative analysis of detergents- alkalinity, active
ingredients and oxygen releasing capacity. Biodegradable detergents
(5L)
4.3 Petrochemical products: crude oils, fuels, and calorific values,
fractional distillation process and fractions, properties of fuel,
composition of fuel, flashpoint, fire point, corrosion test, carbon
residue and impact on environment. (5L)

List of Books and References:

1. Environmental Chemistry, A. K. De, 2nd ED. Wiley (1989).
2. Environmental Pollution Analysis, S. M. Khopkar, John Wiely (1993).
3. Air Pollution Sampling And Analysis, Sharad Gokhale, IIT Guwahati, May 2009.
4. Environmental Pollution Analysis, S. M. Khopkar, New Age International publication
(2011).
5. Water And Water Pollution (hand book) Ed., Seonard’l Ciacere, Vol I to IV, Marcel
Dekker inc. N.York(1972)
6. Water pollution, Arvind kumar, APH publishing (2004)
7. Introduction to Potable Water Treatment Processes Simon Parsons, Bruce Jefferson,
Paperback publication.
8. Guidelines for drinking-water quality, Third edition, (incorporating first and second
addenda). WHO report.
9. Soil pollution, S.G. Misra and Dinesh Mani, APH Publishing Corporation, (2009).
10. Soil Pollution: origin, monitoring and remediation, Abrahim Mirsal, Springer (2010).
11. Noise Pollution, Donald F Anthrop, Lexington Books, (1973)
12. Noise Effects Handbook: A Desk Reference to Health and Welfare Effects of Noise
(1981) Available at NCL laboratories e- Library.
13. Chemistry, Emission Control, Radioactive Pollution and Indoor Air Quality Edited by
Nicolas Mazzeo, InTech Publications (2011).
14. Environmental Protection Against Radioactive Pollution: N. Birsen, Kairat K.
Kadyrzhanov, Springer publication , (2003).
15. Environmental law in India, Mohammad Naseem, Wolters Kluwer.
16. Environmental Protection, Law And Policy In India Kailash Thakur google books
(1997).
17. Green chemistry An Introductory text, Mzike Lancaster, Royal Society of Chemistry
(2002)
18. Pesticide Analysis Ed K. G. Das, Dekker (1981)
19. Analytical, Agricultural Chemistry S. L Chpra J.S Kanwar Kalyani publication
20. Soil and plant Analysis C.S Piper , Hans Publication
 SEMESTER-III
PRACTICALS

BPSCHEA3P1 Group – A:
1. Determination of the pK value of an indicator.
2. Determination of copper and bismuth in mixture by photometric titration.
3. Estimation of strong acid, weak acid and salt in the given
mixture conductometrically.
4. Analysis of mixture of carbonate and bicarbonate (present in
ppm range) using pHmetry.
5. Determination of copper by extractive photometry using
diethyldithiocarbamate.

BPSCHEA3P2 Group – B:
1. Estimation of drugs by non aqueous titration: Pyridoxine hydrochloride,
Sulphamethoxazole.
2. Determination of percentage purity of methylene blue indicator.
3. Estimation of cholesterol and Uric acid in the given sample of blood serum
4. Estimation of fluoride in a tooth paste.
5. Determination of silica by molybdenum blue method.

BPSCHEA3P3 Group–C:
1. Total reducing sugars before and after inversion in honey using: (a) Cole’s
Ferricyanide (b) Lane - Eynon method.
2. Analysis of lactose in milk
3. Estimation of Caffeine in tea
4. Estimation of Vitamin C in lemon Juice/squash by Dichlorophenol-indophenol
method
5. Iodine value of oil / fat
6. Analysis of alcoholic beverages (Beer) for alcohol content by distillation followed
by specific gravity method, acidity by titration, total residue by evaporation.

BPSCHEA3P4 Group – D:
1. To analyze Pyrolusite for: Fe by colorimetry and / or Mn by
volumetry.
2. To analyze Magnelium for Mg by complexometry.
3. Analysis of Bauxite for Ti by colorimetry / Al by gravimetry / Fe (volumetry)
4. Analysis of water sample: Total hardness and salinity.
5. Analysis of water sample: Acidity and sulphate(Benzidine method).

NOTE:
1. The candidate is expected to submit a journal certified by the Head of the
Department / institution at the time of the practical examination.
2. A candidate will not be allowed to appear for the practical examination unless he / she
produces a certified journal or a certificate from the Head of the institution/department stating
that the journal is lost and the candidate has performed the required number of experiments
satisfactorily. The list of the experiments performed by the candidate should be attached with
such certificate.

3. Use of non-programmable calculator is allowed both at the theory and the practical examination.
 SEMSTER-IV
BPSCHEA401
Quality In Analytical Chemistry- II

UNIT I Separation Science 15

1.1 Membrane separation processes: operating principles and

applications of microfiltration, ultra-filtration, reverse osmosis, dialysis
and electro-dialysis. (8L)
1.2 Applications of Solvent extraction in Analytical Chemistry-
recapitulation of solvent extraction, roles of solvent extraction in
analytical chemistry, solvent extraction in sample preparation and
pretreatment steps, solvent extraction as a means of analytical
determination (7L)

UNIT II Separation, Analysis and Standardization of Herbal based products. 15

2.1 Herbs as a raw material: Defination of herb, herbal medicine, herbal

Medicinal products, herbal drug preparation. Sources of herbs. Selection,
identification and authentication of herbal materials, drying and
processing of herbal raw materials,drying and processing of herbal raw
material.(6L)
2.2 Extraction of herbal materials: Choice of solvent for extraction, methods
used for extraction and principles involved in extraction.(3L)
2.3 Standardization of herbal formulation and herbal extracts:
Standardization of herbal extract as per WHO cGMP guidelines, Physical,
Chemical,Spectral and toxilogical standardization,qualitative and
quantitative esimations.(6L)
 UNIT III Green Chemistry 15

3.1 Principle and concepts of green chemistry: sustainable development

and green chemistry, atom economy, examples of atom economic and
atom uneconomic reactions, reducing toxicity (4L)
3.2 Organic solvents: environmentally benign solutions, solvent free
systems, supercritical fluids (only introduction) Ionic liquids as catalysts
and solvents (4L)
3.3 Emerging Green Technologies: photochemical reactions (advantages
and challenges), examples. Chemistry using microwaves, sonochemistry
and electrochemical synthesis. (4L)
3.4 Designing Greener Processes: Inherently Safer Designs (ISD), Process
intensification (PI) in-process monitoring. (3L)

UNIT IV Advanced Techniques 15

4.1 Electrophoresis: introduction, factors affecting migration rate,

supporting media (gel, paper, cellulose, acetate, starch, polyacrylamide,
agarose, sephedax and thin layers) (2L)
4.2 Techniques of Electrophoresis: low and high voltage, sds-page,
continuous electrophoresis, capillary electrophoresis, zone, gel, isoelectric
focusing, isotaechophoresis and miceller electro kinetic capillary
chromatography, instrumentation, detection and applications. (8L)
4.3 Introduction to Nanotechnology: Analytical techniques in
nanotechnology, consequences of the nanoscale, (nanoparticles
morphology, electronic structure, optical properties) one dimensional nano
materials (nanofilms, nanolayers), two dimensional nanomaterials (
nanotubes, nanowires), three dimensional nanomaterials (nanoparticles
and quantum dots). (5L)

List of Books and references:

1. Research Methodology: Methods & Techniques by C R Kothari, 2e, Wishwa Publication,
New Delhi
2. Research Methodology by D K Bhattacharyya, 1 e, Excel Books, New Delhi, 2003
3. How to Research by Loraine Blaxter, Christina Hughes and Molcolm Tight, Viva
Books Pvt.Ltd., New Delhi
4. Chemical methods of separation, J A Dean, Van Nostrand Reinhold, 1969
5. Solvent extraction and ion exchange, J Marcus and A. S. Kertes Wiley INC 1969.
6. Extraction Chromatography, T. Braun, G. Ghersene, Elsevier Publications 1978.
7. Super critical fluid extraction, Larry Taylor Wiley publishers N.Y. 1996
8. Ion exchange separation in analytical chemistry, O Samuelson John Wiley 2nd ed 1963
9. Ion exchange chromatography, Ed H.F Walton Howden, Hutchenson and Rossing 1976
10. Chromatographic and electrophoresis techniques, I Smith Menemann Interscience 1960
11. Green chemistry and catalyst, R. A. Sheldon, Isabella Arends, Ulf Hanefeld Wiley
VCH verlag GmBH & co.
12. Sustainable residential development: planning and design for green neighborhoods.
Avi Friedman, McGraw Hill professional.
 SEMESTER-IV
BPSCHEA402
Advanced Instrumental Techniques-II

UNIT I Spectral Methods III 15

NMR Spectroscopy
1.1 Theory and Instrumentation- recapitulation, FTNMR, 2D NMR,- FID signal
generation mechanism, Techniques in 2D NMR- homo nuclear correlation
spectroscopy (COSY), total correlation spectroscopy (TOCSY),
heteronuclear correlation (HETCOR) (9L)
1.2 Radio waves in imaging- principle instrumentation and applications of MRI
(3L)
13 31 19
1.3 Application of NMR to other nuclei C , P and F spectroscopy (3L)
UNIT-II Spectral Methods IV 15
2.1 Mass spectroscopy: recapitulation, correlation of mass spectra with
molecular structure- interpretation of mass spectra, analytical information
derived from mass spectra- molecular identification, metastable peaks,
Fragmentation Reactions (9L)
2.2 Raman spectroscopy: Principle Theory Instrumentation , techniques(SERS
and Resonance Raman) and Applications of Raman spectroscopy(6L)
UNIT III Radiochemical And Thermal Methods 15
3.1 Activation analysis- NAA ,radiometric titrations and radio-release methods
(7L)
3.2 Thermal analysis- Principle, Interfacing , instrumentation and Applications
of
(a) Simultaneous Thermal Analysis- TG-DTA and TG-DSC
(b) Evolved gas analysis- TG-MS and TG-FTIR (8L)

UNIT IV Hyphenated Techniques 15

4.1 concept of hyphenation, need for hyphenation, possible hyphenations.
(2L)
4.2 Interfacing devices and applications of GC – MS, ICP -MS, GC - IR,
Tandem Mass Spectrometry, LC – MS: HPLC-MS, CE-MS. (13L)
List of Books and references:
th
1. Analytical Chemistry, G. D. Christian, 4 Ed. John Wiley, New York (1986)
2. Fundamentals of Analytical Chemistry, D. A. Skoog and D. M. West and F. J Holler
Holt- Saunders 6th Edition (1998)
th
3. Principles of Instrumental Analysis, D. A. Skoog, F. J. Holler and J.A. Niemann 5 Ed.
4. Instrumental methods of Analysis, H. H. Willard, L. L. Merritt Jr, J. A. Dean and F. A.
5. Thermal methods of Analysis, P. J. Haines, Blackie Academic & Professional, London (1995)
6. Principles and Practices of X-ray spectrometric Analysis, 2 Ed E. P. Bertain, Plenum Press,
NY, (1975)
7. Nuclear Analytical Chemistry, D. Bane, B. Forkman, B. Persson, Chartwell - Bratt Ltd
(1984)
8. Standard Methods of Chemical Analysis, Eds. F. J. Welcher, Robert E. Krieger
Publishing Company, A series of volumes
st
9. A Complete Introduction to Modern NMR Spectroscopy 1 Edition by Roger S.
Macomber
10. Spectrometric Identification of Organic Compounds Hardcover – by Robert
M.Silverstein Wiley
st
12 Tandem Techniques (Separation Science Series) 1 Edition by Raymond P. W. Scott
John Wiley & Sons Ltd, 1997
13 Encyclopedia of Analytical Science, Editors-in-Chief: Paul Worsfold, Alan Townshend,
and Colin Poole ISBN: 978-0-12-369397-6
14. Encyclopedia of Analytical Chemistry: Applications, Theory, and Instrumentation.
Meyers Robert A Meyers
15. Introduction to Thermal Analysis Techniques and Applications Edited by Michael
E. Brown
16 Principles and Applications of Thermal Analysis Edited by Paul Gabbott
 SEMESTER – IV
BPSCHEA403
Selected Topics in Analytical Chemistry

UNIT I Effluent Treatment 15

1.1 Effluent treatment plant general construction and process flow charts(3L)
1.2 Treatment and disposal of Sewage.(3L)
1.3. Effluent parameters for metallurgical industry.(2L)
1.4 Permissible limits for metal (example Cr, As, Pb, Cd etc) traces
in the effluent.(2L)
1.5 Recovery of metals from effluent, modern methods – Electrodialysis,
Electrodeposition and Ion Exchange etc.(3L)
1.6 Recycle and reuse of process and treated (effluent) water(2L)
UNIT – II Solid Waste 15
Management
2.1 Solid waste management: objectives, concept of recycle, reuse
and recovery (3L)
2.2 Methods of solid waste disposal.(2L)
2.3 Treatment and disposal of sludge / dry cake (3L)
2.4 Managing non-decomposable solid wastes(2L)
2.5 Bio- medical waste : Introduction , Classification and methods of disposal
(5L)
UNIT – III Plastics and Polymers 15
3.1 Classification of plastic, determination of additives, molecular weight
distribution, analysis of plastic and polymers based on styrene, vinyl chloride,
ethylene, acrylic and cellulosic plastics. (5L)

3.2 Metallic impurities in plastic and their determination, (2L)

3.3 Impact of plastic on environment as pollutant.(2L)

3.4 Paints and pigments: Types of paints pigments, determination of volatile

and non - volatile components, Flash point (significance and method of
determination), separation and analysis of pigments, binders and thinners.(3L)
3.5 Role of Organo silicones in paints and their impact on environment.(3L)
 UNIT – IV Metallurgy 15
4.1 Ores and minerals: Dressing of ores, pollution due to metallurgical
processes (ore dressing, calcination, smelting ) (3L)
4.2 Chemical analysis of ores for principal constituents : Galena,
Pyrolusite, Bauxite, Hematite, Monazite (4L)
4.3 Alloys: definition, analysis of Cupronickel, Magnelium, Steel And
Stainless Steel, Bronze, Gun metal.(4L)
4.4 Techniques of purification: Zone refining, analysis of high purity
materials like silicon, vacuum fusion and extraction techniques. (4L)

List of Books and References:

1. Environmental Pollution Analysis, S. M. khopkar, New Age International publication
(2011).
2. Water and water pollution (hand book) Ed., Seonard’l Ciacere, Vol I to IV, Marcel
Dekker inc. N.Y.(1972)
3. Water pollution, Arvind kumar, APH publishing (2004)
4. Introduction to Potable Water Treatment Processes Simon Parsons, Bruce Jefferson,
Paperback publication.
5. Solid waste management, K Sasikumar and Sanoop Gopi Krishna PHI publication
(2009)
6. Solid waste management, Surendrakumar Northen Book Center (2009)
7. Handbook of chemical technology and pollution control 3rd Edn Martin Hocking AP
Publication (2005).
8 Fundamental Concepts of Environmental Chemistry, Second Edition G. S. Sodhi, Alpha
Science, 2005
9. Chemical analysis of metals; Sampling and analysis of metal bearing ores: American
Society for Testing and Materials 1980 - Technology & Engineering
10. Manual of Procedures for Chemical and Instrumental Analysis of Ores, Minerals, and
Ore Dressing Products. Government of India Ministry of Steel & Mines, Indian Bureau of
Mines, 1979.
11. Alloying: understanding the basics, edited by Joseph R. Davis, ASM International
(2001).
12. Zone refining and allied techniques, Norman L. Parr, G. Newnes Technology &
Engineering (1960).
 SEMESTER – IV
Course Code: BPSCHEA404
PAPER – IV: Research Methodology and Introduction to
Intellectual Property rights*

UNIT I Resources [15L]

Print: [5L]

Primary, Secondary and Tertiary sources.*

Journals:
Journal abbreviations, abstracts, current titles, reviews, monographs,
dictionaries, text-books, current contents, Introduction to Chemical Abstracts
and Beilstein, Subject Index, Substance Index, Author Index, Formula Index,
and other Indices with examples.
Digital: [5L]

Web sources, E-journals, Journal access, TOC alerts, Hot articles, Citation
Index, Impact factor, H-index, E-consortium, UGC infonet, E-books, Internet
discussion groups and communities, Blogs, preprint servers, Search engines,
Scirus, Google Scholar, ChemIndustry, Wiki-databases, ChemSpider, Science
Direct, SciFinder, Scopus.
Information Technology and Library Resources: [5L]

The Internet and World wide web, Internet resources for Chemistry, finding and
citing published information.

UNIT II Data Analysis [15L]

The Investigative Approach:

Making and recording Measurements, SI units and their use, Scientific methods
and design of experiments.

Analysis and Presentation of Data:

Descriptive statistics, choosing and using statistical tests, Chemometrics,

Analysis of Variance (ANOVA), Correlation and regression, curve fitting,
fitting of linear equations, simple linear cases, weighted linear case, analysis of
residuals, general polynomial fitting, linearizing transformations, exponential
function fit,r and its abuse, basic aspects of multiple linear regression analysis.
Unit III Methods of Scientific Research and writing Scientific Papers [15L]
 Reporting practical and project work, Writing literature surveys and
reviews, organizing a poster display, giving an oral presentation.

Writing Scientific Papers:

Justification for scientific contributions, bibliography, description of

methods, conclusions, the need for illustration, style, publications of
scientific work, writing ethics, avoiding plagiarism.
Unit IV Intellectual Property Rights [15L]
Introduction to Intellectual Property: [2L]
Historical Perspective, Different types of IP, Importance of protecting
IP.
Patents: [5L]
Historical Perspective, Basic and associated right, WIPO, PCT system,
Traditional Knowledge, Patents and Health care-balancing promoting
innovation with public health, Software patents and their importance
for India.
Industrial Designs: [2L]
Definition, How to obtain, features, International design registration.
Copyrights: [2L]
Introduction, How to obtain, Differences from Patents.
Trade Marks: [2L]
Introduction, How to obtain, Different types of marks – Collective
marks, certification marks, service marks, trade names etc.
Geographical Indications: [2L]
Definition, rules for registration, prevention of illegal exploitation,
importance to India.
REFERENCES

1. Dean, J. R., Jones, A. M., Holmes, D., Reed, R., Weyers, J., &
Jones, A., (2011), Practical skills in Chemistry, 2nd Ed., Prentice
Hall, Harlow.
2. Hibbert, D. B. & Gooding, J. J. (2006) Data Analysis for
Chemistry
Oxford University Press.
3. Topping, J., (1984) Errors of Observation and their
Treatment 4th Ed., Chapman Hill, London.
4. Harris, D. C. (2007) Quantative Chemical Analysis 6th Ed.,
Freeman Chapters 3-5
5. Levie, R. De. (2001) How to use Excel in Analytical
Chemistryand in general scientific data analysis Cambridge
Universty Press.
6. Chemical Safety matters – IUPAC-IPCS, (1992) Cambridge
University Press.
OSU Safety manual 1.01
 Practical course BPSCHEA4P1

Group – A:
1. Determination of pK value of H3PO4 potentimetrically
2. Estimation of Na+ in dairy whitener by flame photometry
3. Spectrophotometric determination of pH of buffer solution.
3+ 5+
4. Simultaneous determination of Ti and V spectrophotometrically by H2O2
method
5. To analyze Bronze for Zn by complexometric method

BPSCHEA4P2
Group – B:
1. Analysis of drugs by non aqueous titration: Glycine , Sodium Benzoate
2. Analysis of detergents: Active detergent matter, alkalinity and Oxygen releasing
capacity
3. Determination of the purity of crystal violet
4. Estimation of Ca in Ca-pentathonate/calcium lactate tablets
5. Canned food: Limits test for tin/zinc

BPSCHEA4P3

Group – C:
1. Analysis of Calcium, Iron and phosphorous in milk.
2. Determination of SAP value of oil.
3. Estimation of Aldehyde in lemon grass oil / Cinnamon oil
4. Estimation of Glucose by Folin-Wu method
5. Analysis of water sample : Mn2+ by colorimetric method

BPSCHEA4P4
Group – D: Project Evaluation

NOTE:
1. The candidate is expected to submit a journal
certified by the Head of the Department /
institution at the time of the practical
examination.

2. A candidate will not be allowed to appear for the practical

examination unless he / she produces a certified journal or a
certificate from the Head of the institution/department stating
that the journal is lost and the candidate has performed the
required number of experiments satisfactorily. The list of the
experiments performed by the candidate should be attached with
 such certificate.

3. Use of non-programmable calculator is allowed both at the theory and

the practical examination.