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t-Intuitionistic Fuzzy Subgroups

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International Journal of Fuzzy Mathematics and Systems.
ISSN 2248-9940 Volume 2, Number 3 (2012), pp. 233-243
© Research India Publications
[Link]

t- Intuitionistic Fuzzy Subgroups

P.K. Sharma

Post Graduate Department of Mathematics,

D.A.V. College, Jalandhar City, Punjab, India
E-mail: pksharma@[Link]

Abstract

In this paper, the notion of t-intuitionistic fuzzy set and t-intuitionistic fuzzy
subgroup (normal subgroup) are defined and discussed. The homomorphic
behavior of t-intuitionistic fuzzy subgroup (normal subgroup) and their inverse
homomorprhic images has been obtained. Some related result have been
derived.

Mathematics Subject Classification: 03F55, 08A72

Keywords: Intuitionistic fuzzy (IFS) , t-intuitionistic fuzzy subgroup ( t-

IFSG), t- intuitionistic fuzzy normal subgroup (t-IFNSG).

Introduction
The notion of intuitionistic fuzzy set (IFS) was introduced by Atanassov [1] as a
generalization of Zadeh’s fuzzy sets. After the introduction of the notion of
intuitionistic fuzzy group by Biswas [3]. Many researcher’s tried to generalize the
notion of intuitionistic fuzzy group, for example Zhan and Tan [11] define the notion
of intuitionistic fuzzy M- group , Palaniappan , Naganathan and Arjanan [5] define
intuitionistic L-fuzzy Subgroup , Fathi and salleh [4] introduced the notion of
intuitionistic fuzzy group based on the notion of fuzzy space. The notion of t-
intuitionistic fuzzy coset and t-intuitionistic fuzzy quotient group has already been
introduced by the author in [6]. Here in this paper, we introduce the notion of t-
intuitionistic fuzzy set and then define t-intuitionistic fuzzy subgroup ( normal
subgroup ) of a group G and study their properties.

Preliminaries
We first recall some definition for the sake of completeness of the topic under study.
234 P.K. Sharma

Definition 2.1: [1] Let X be a fixed non-empty set. An intuitionistic fuzzy set (IFS) A
of X is an object of the form A = {< x , μA(x) , νA(x) > : x ∈X}, where μA : X Æ [0,
1] and νA : X Æ [0, 1] define the degree of membership and degree of non-
membership of the element x ∈X respectively and for any x ∈X , we have 0 ≤ μA(x) +
νA(x) ≤ 1 .

Remark 2.2
• When μA(x) + νA(x) = 1 , i.e. when νA(x) = 1 - μA(x) = μAc(x) . Then A is called
fuzzy set.
• We use the notation A = ( μA , νA) to denote the IFS A of X.

Definition 2.3: [ 7 ] : Let G be a group. An intuitionistic fuzzy subset (IFS) A = ( μA ,

νA) of G is called intuitionistic fuzzy subgroup (IFSG) of G if
• μA(xy) ≥ min{μA(x) , μA(y) }
• νA(xy) ≤ max{νA(x) , νA(y)}
• μA(x-1) = μA(x)
• νA(x-1) = νA(x) , for all x , y ∈G

Or Equivalently A is IFSG of G if and only if

μA(xy-1) ≥ min {μA(x) , μA(y)} and νA(xy) ≤ max {νA(x) , νA(y)}

Definition 2.4 [7 ] An IFSG A = ( μA , νA) of a group G is said to be intuitionistic

fuzzy normal subgroup of G ( In short IFNSG) of G if
• μA(xy) = μA(yx)
• νA(xy) = νA(yx) , for all x , y ∈G

Or Equivalently A is an IFNSG of a group G is normal if and only if

μA(y-1 x y) = μA(x) and νA(y-1 x y) = νA(x) , for all x , y ∈G

Definition 2.5: [7 ] Let G be a group and A be IFSG of group G . Let x ∈G be a fixed

element. Then for every element g ∈G , we define
• (xA)(g) = (μxA(g), νxA(g)) ,where μxA(g) = μA(x -1g) and νxA(g) = νA(x -1g). Then
xA is called intuitionistic fuzzy left coset of G determined by A and x
• Ax(g) = (μAx(g) , νAx(g)), where μAx(g) = μA(gx -1) and νAx(g) = νA(gx -1) Then
Ax is called the intuitionistic fuzzy right coset of G determined by A and x .

Definition 2.6: [ 9 ] An IFSG A of a group G is IFNSG of G if and only if

xA = Ax for all x ∈ G

Definition 2.7: [ 7 ]: Let A be intuitionistic fuzzy set of a universe set X . Then ( α , β

)-cut of A is a crisp subset Cα , β(A) of the IFS A is given by
Cα , β(A) = { x : x ∈X such that μA(x) ≥ α , νA(x) ≤ β } ,
t- Intuitionistic Fuzzy Subgroups 235

where α , β ∈ [0 , 1] with α + β ≤ 1 .

Theorem 2.8: [ 7 ,9 ] : If A is IFS of a group G . Then A is IFSG ( IFNSG ) of G if

and only if Cα , β(A) is a subgroup ( normal ) of group G , for all α , β ∈ [0,1] with α +
β ≤ 1.

Definition 2.9: [ 8 ]: Let X and Y be two non-empty sets and f : X Æ Y be a mapping

. Let A and B be IFS’s of X and Y respectively. Then the image of A under the map f
is denoted by f (A) and is defined as
(
f ( A ) ( y ) = μ f ( A ) ( y ) , ν f ( A ) ( y ) , where )
⎧⎪ ∨{ μ A ( x ) : x ∈ f −1 (y)}
and ν ( y ) = ⎧⎪⎨ ∧{ ν A ( x ) : x ∈ f (y)}
−1
μ f (A) ( y) = ⎨ f (A )
⎪⎩ 0 ; otherwise ⎪⎩ 1 ; otherwise
⎧
i.e. f ( A ) ( y ) = ⎪⎨ ( ∨{ μ ( x) : x ∈ f
A
−1
(y)} , ∧{ ν A ( x) : x ∈ f −1 (y)} )
⎪⎩ ( 0, 1) ; otherwise

-1
Also the pre-image of B under f is denoted by f ( B) and is defined as
f −1
( B ) ( x ) = ( μ f ( B ) ( x ) , ν f ( B ) ( x ))
−1 −1
i.e.
w here μ f −1
( B)
( x ) = μ B ( f ( x )) and ν f −1
( B)
( x ) = ν B ( f ( x ))

f −1
( B )( x ) = ( μ B ( f ( x )) , ν B ( f ( x )) )
Note (2.10): For any x ∈X , we have μf (A) ( f (x)) ≥ μA (x) and ν f (A) ( f (x)) ≤νA (x)

t - Intuitionistic fuzzy Subgroup

Definition 3.1: Let A be an IFS of a group G. Let t ∈ [0,1]. Then the IFS A t of G is
called the t- intuitionistic fuzzy subset of G w.r.t. IFS A and is defined as
At = (μAt ,ν At ) , where μAt (g) = min{μA(g), t} and ν At (g) = max{ν A(g), 1-t}, for all g∈G
Re sult. (3.2). Let At = ( μ At ,ν At ) and Bt = (μ Bt ,ν Bt ) be two t-IFS of a group G. Then
( A ∩ B)t = At ∩ Bt .
P ro o f. L e t x ∈ G b e a n y e le m en t , th e n
μ ( A ∩ B ) t ( x ) = m in { μ A ∩ B ( x ), t }
= m in [m in { μ A ( x ), μ B ( x )} ,t]
= m in [ m in { μ A (x ), t} , m in { μ B (x ), t} ]
= m in { μ A t (x ), μ B t (x ) }
= μ At∩ Bt
(x )
S im ila r ly , w e c a n s h o w th a t ν ( A ∩ B )t
(x) = ν At∩ Bt
(x )
H ence ( A ∩ B ) = A t t
∩ B . t
236 P.K. Sharma

Re sult(3.3): Let f : X ⎯⎯
→Y be a mapping and A and B are two IFS of X and Y respectively, then
(i) f −1(Bt ) = ( f −1 (B))t (ii) f ( At ) = ( f ( A))t , for all t ∈[0 ,1]

Proof. (i) f −1 ( B t )( x ) = B t ( f ( x )) = ( μ Bt ( f ( x )), ν Bt ( f ( x )))

= ( min{μ B ( f ( x )), t}, max{ν B ( f ( x)),1 − t})

(
= min{μ f −1 ( B ) ( x), t}, max{ν f −1 ( B ) ( x),1 − t} )
= (μ ( f −1 ( B ))t
( x ), ν ( f −1 ( B ))t ( x ) )
= ( f −1 ( B ))t ( x )
Hence f −1 ( B t ) = ( f −1 ( B ))t .
(ii ) f ( At )( y ) = ( ∨{μ At ( x) : f ( x) = y}, ∧ {ν At ( x) : f ( x) = y})
= ( ∨[min{μ A ( x), t}: f ( x ) = y}], ∧ [max{ν A ( x ), 1-t}: f ( x ) = y}])
= ( min[∨{μ A ( x ) : f ( x ) = y}, t ], max[∧{ν A ( x) : f ( x) = y},1 − t ])
= ( min{μ f ( A) ( y ), t} , max{ν f ( A) ( y ), 1-t})

(
= μ ( f ( A))t ( y ), ν ( f ( A))t ( y) )
= ( f ( A))t ( y )
Hence f ( At ) = ( f ( A))t .

Definition 3.4: Let A be an IFS of a group G. Let t ∈ [0,1]. Then A is called t-

intuitionistic fuzzy subgroup ( In short t- IFSG ) of G if A t is IFSG of G i.e. if the
following conditions hold
(i) μ A ( xy) ≥ min{μ A ( x), μ A ( y)}
t t t (ii) ν At ( xy) ≤ max{ν At ( x), ν At ( y)}
(iii) μ At ( x−1 ) = μ At ( x) (iv) ν At ( x−1 ) = ν At ( x) , for all x , y ∈ G

Proposition 3.5: If A is IFSG of a group G , then A is also t- IFSG of G.

Proof: Let x, y ∈ G be any element of the group G.

μ At ( xy ) = min{μ A ( xy ), t}
≥ min[min{μ A ( x), μ A ( y )}, t ]
= min[ min{μ A ( x), t}, min{μ A ( x), t}]
= min{ μ At ( x ), μ At ( y )}
Thus μ A ( xy ) ≥ min{μ A ( x), μ A ( y )}
t t t
t- Intuitionistic Fuzzy Subgroups 237

Similarly, we can show that ν At ( xy) ≤ max{ν At ( x), ν At ( y )}

Also, μ At ( x −1 ) = min{μ A ( x −1 ), t} = min{μ A ( x), t} = μ At ( x)
Similarly, we can show that ν At ( x −1 ) = ν At ( x)
Hence A is t-IFSG of G.

Remark 3.6: The converse of above proposition (3.5) need not be true

Example 3.7: Let G = { e , a , b , ab }, where a2 = b2 = e and ab = ba be the Klein

four group. Define the IFS
A = {< e , 0.1 , 0.1> , < a , 0.3 , 0.3> , < b , 0.3 , 0.4> , < ab , 0.2 , 0.4> } of G. Clearly , A
is not IFSG of G . Take t = 0.05 . Then
μA(x) > t for all x ∈G also νA(x) < 1- t for all x ∈G
μA (x) = min{μA(x), t} = t and νA (x) = max{ν A(x), 1-t} =1−t , for all x∈G
t t

Therefore, μAt (xy) ≥ min{μAt (x), μAt (y)} and νAt (xy) ≤ max{νAt (x), νAt (y)} hold

Further, as a−1 = a , b−1 = b , (ab)−1 = (ab). So μAt (x−1) = μAt (x) and ν At (x−1) =ν At (x) hold
Hence A is t- IFSG of G.

Proposition 3.8: Let A be a IFS of group G such that μA(x-1) = μA(x) and νA(x-1) =
νA(x) hold for all x ∈G. Let t < min{ p , 1- q } , where p = min{ μA(x) : for all x∈G}
and q = max{ νA(x) : for all x∈G}. Then A is t-IFSG of G.

Proof: Since t < min{ p , 1- q } implies that p > t and q < 1- t

⇒ min{ μA(x) : for all x∈G} > t and max{ νA(x) : for all x∈G} < 1 – t
⇒ μA(x) > t for all x ∈G also νA(x) < 1- t for all x ∈G
Therefore, μAt (xy) ≥ min{μAt (x), μAt ( y)} and ν At (xy) ≤ max{ν At (x), ν At ( y)} hold
Further , as μA(x-1) = μA(x) and νA(x-1) = νA(x) holds for all x ∈G.
So μAt ( x−1 ) = μAt ( x) and ν At ( x−1 ) =ν At ( x) hold . Hence A is t- IFSG of G.

Proposition 3.9: Intersection of two t-IFSG’s of a group G is also t-IFSG of G.

Proof: Let x, y ∈ G be any element of the group G. Then

238 P.K. Sharma

μ ( A ∩ B ) ( xy ) = m in{ μ A ∩ B ( xy ), t }
t

= m in[m in{ μ A ( xy ), μ B ( xy )}, t ]

= m in[ m in{ μ A ( xy ), t } , m in{ μ B ( xy ), t }]
= m in{ μ A t ( xy ), μ B t ( xy )}
≥ m in[ m in{ μ A t ( x ), μ A t ( y )} , m in{ μ B t ( x ), μ B t ( y )}]
= m in[ m in{ μ A t ( x ), μ B t ( x )} , m in{ μ A t ( y ), μ B t ( y )} ]
= m in{ μ A t ∩ B t ( x ), μ A t ∩ B t ( y )}
= m in{ μ ( A ∩ B ) t ( x ), μ ( A ∩ B )t ( y )}
T h us μ ( A ∩ B ) ( xy ) ≥ m in{ μ ( A ∩ B ) ( x ), μ ( A ∩ B ) ( y )}
t t t

Similarly, we can show that ν ( A∩ B )t ( xy) ≤ max{ν ( A∩ B )t ( x), ν ( A∩ B )t ( y)}

Also, μ( A∩ B )t ( x −1 ) = min{μ A∩ B ( x −1 ), t}
= min[min{μ A ( x −1 ), μ B ( x −1 )}, t ]
= min[ min{μ A ( x −1 ), t}, min{μ B ( x −1 ), t}]
= min{ μ At ( x −1 ), μ Bt ( x −1 )}
= min{ μ At ( x), μ Bt ( x )}
= μ At ∩ Bt ( x)
= μ ( A ∩ B )t ( x )

Similarly , we can show that ν ( A ∩ B )t ( x −1 ) = ν ( A ∩ B )t ( x )

Hence A ∩ B is t- IFSG of G.

Corollary 3.10: Intersection of a family of t-IFSG’s of a group G is again t-IFSG of

G.

Definition 3.11: [6]. Let A be t- IFSG of a group G, where t ∈ [0,1]. For any x∈G
t
Define an IFS A x of G called t – intuitionistic fuzzy right coset of A in G as follows
A x ( g ) = ( μ At ( g ) ,ν At ( g ) ), where
t
x x
for all x , g ∈ G.
μ A ( g ) = min{ μ A ( gx ), t } and ν A ( g ) = max{ν A ( gx −1 ), 1- t}
t
−1
t
x x

Similarly, we can define the t – intuitionistic fuzzy left coset x A t of A in G as

follows
xAt ( g ) = ( μ xAt ( g ) ,ν xAt ( g ) ), where
for all x , g ∈ G.
μ xAt ( g ) = min{μ A ( x −1 g ), t} and ν xAt ( g ) = max{ν A ( x−1 g ), 1- t}

Definition 3.12: Let A be t-IFSG of a group G, where t ∈ [0,1]. Then A is called t –

t
intuitionistic fuzzy normal subgroup (t- IFNSG) of G if and only if x A t = A x for all
x ∈ G.
Note: Clearly , 1- IFNSG is ordinary IFNSG of G.
t- Intuitionistic Fuzzy Subgroups 239

Remark 3.13: If A is IFNSG of a group G , then A is also t- IFNSG of G.

Proof: Let A be IFNSG of G. Then for any x ∈ G , we have xA = Ax i.e.,

μA ( x−1g ) = μA(gx−1) and νA (x−1g) = ν A (gx−1 ) , for all g ∈ G.
So min{μA (x−1g), t} = min{μA ( gx−1 ), t} and max{ν A ( x−1g), 1- t} =
max{ν A (gx−1), 1- t}
i.e., μxAt (g) = μA ( g) and ν xAt (g) = ν A ( g ) for all g ∈ G
t t
x x

t
Thus, x A t = A x .
The converse of above result need not be true .

Example 3.14: Let G = D3 = < a , b : a3 = b2 = e , ba = a2b > be the dihedral group

with six elements . Define the IFSG A = ( μA , νA) of D3 by
⎧0.8 if x ∈ < b > ⎧ 0.1 if x ∈ < b >
μA (x) = ⎨ and ν A (x) = ⎨
⎩0.7 if otherwise ⎩0.2 if otherwise

. ., A={<e, 0.8, 0.1>, <a, 0.7, 0.2>,<a2, 0.7, 0.2>,<b, 0.8, 0.1>,<ab, 0.7, 0.1>,<ba, 0.8, 0.1>}
ie

Note that A is not IFNSG of G , for μA (ab) = 0.7 ≠ 0.8 = μA (ba) .

Now, take t = 0.6 , we get
min{μA (x−1g), t} = t = min{μA ( gx−1 ), t} and max{ν A ( x−1g), 1- t} = 1- t =
max{ν A (gx−1), 1- t} , for all x , g ∈ G. Hence A is t- IFNSG of G.

Proposition 3.15: Let A be t- IFNSG of a group G. Then

μA (xy) = μA ( yx) and ν A (xy) =ν A ( yx) hold for all x , y ∈G
t t t t

t
Proof: Since A be t- IFNSG of a group G. Therefore x A t = A x hold for all x∈G
⇒ x A t (y-1) = A x (y-1) hold for all y-1 ∈ G
t

⇒ min{μA (x y ), t} = min{μA ( y x ), t}
−1 −1 −1 −1

⇒ μ At ( x y ) = μ At ( y x ) ⇒ μAt (( yx) ) = μAt (( xy) )

−1 −1 −1 −1 −1 −1

⇒ μA ( yx) = μA ( xy) [ as A is t- IFSG of G so μA ( g −1) = μA ( g ) , for all g ∈ G]

t t t t

Similarly, we can show that ν At (xy) =ν At ( yx) hold for all x ,y ∈G.
Next, we show that for some specific values of t , every IFSG A of G will always
be t-IFNSG of G. In this direction , we have the following:
240 P.K. Sharma

Proposition 3.16: Let A be an t-IFSG of a group G such that t < Min{ p , 1- q } ,

where p = min{ μA(x) : for all x∈G} and q = max{ νA(x) : for all x∈G}. Then A is t-
IFNSG of G.

Proof: Since t < min{ p , 1- q } implies that p > t and q < 1- t

⇒ min{ μA(x) : for all x∈G} > t and max{ νA(x) : for all x∈G} < 1 – t
⇒ μA(x) > t for all x ∈G also νA(x) < 1- t for all x ∈G
μ A ( g ) = m in { μ A ( g x − 1 ), t } = t an d ν
t
At x
( g ) = m ax {ν A ( g x − 1 ), 1 - t } = 1 − t
x

s im ila rly , μ x A t ( g ) = m in { μ A ( x − 1 g ), t } = t a n d ν xA t ( g ) = m ax {ν A ( x − 1 g ), 1 - t } = 1 − t
i.e ., μ A t ( g ) = μ x A t ( g ) an d ν A ( g ) = ν xA ( g ) , fo r a ll g ∈ G
t t
x x

T hus A t
x = x A t
, fo r all x ∈ G . H e n c e A is t-IF N S G o f G .

Proposition 3.17: Let G/ At denote the collection of all t – intuitionistic fuzzy cosets
of an t-IFNSG A of G. i.e. G/ At = { A x : x∈G }. Then the binary operations ⊗
t

defined on the set G/ At as follows:

At x ⊗ At y = At xy , for all x , y ∈ G

is a well defined operation .

Proof: Let A x = A x′
t t
and At y = At y′ , for some x , y , x ′ , y′ ∈ G
Let g∈G be any element, then
[ A t x ⊗ A t y ] ( g ) = ( A t x y ) ( g ) = ( μ A t ( g ) ,ν A t xy
( g ))
xy

Now μAt (g) = min{μAg(xy)−1, t} = min{μA(gy−1)x−1, t} = μAt (gy−1) = μAt (gy−1)

xy x x′

= min{μA(gy )x′ , t} = min{μA(x′ g) y , t} = μAt (x′ g) = μAt (x′−1g)

−1 −1 −1 −1 −1
y y′

= min{μA(x′ g) y′ , t} = min{μA y′ (x′ g), t} = min{μA( y′ x′ )g, t}

−1 −1 −1 −1 −1 −1

′ ′)−1 g, t} = min{μAg(xy
=min{μA(xy ′ ′)−1, t}
= μAt (g)
′′
xy

Similarly , we can show that ν At ( g ) = ν At ( g ) , ∀ g ∈ G.

xy x′y′

Therefore ⊗ is well defined operation on G/ At .

Lemma 3.18: If A is t-IFNSG of a group G. Then

At x = At x′ ⇔ Nx = Nx ′ , for x , x ′ ∈ G , wherer N = Ct ,1−t ( A)

Proof: It can be outline similarly as lemma (3.3) in [ 6 ]

t- Intuitionistic Fuzzy Subgroups 241

Proposition 3.19: The set G/ At of all t- Intuitionistic fuzzy cosets of t-IFNSG A of a

group G , form a group under the well-defined operations ⊗.

Proof: It is easy to check that the identity element of G/ At is A

t
e , where e is the
t t
identity element of group G, and the inverse of an element A x is A x−1 .

Proposition 3.20: A mapping f : G Æ G/ At , where G is a group and G/ At is the set

t
of all t-intuitionistic fuzzy cosets of the t-IFNSG A of G defined by f (x) = A x , is an
onto homomorphism with ker f = N ( = Ct ,1-t(A)), where t ∈[0,1] )

Proof: It can be outline similarly as Proposition (3.6) in [ 6 ]

Homomorphism of t-Intuitionistic fuzzy groups

Theorem (4.1): Let f : G1 Æ G2 be homomorphism of group G1 into a group G2. Let
B be t-IFSG of group G2. Then f -1(B) is t-IFSG of group G1 .

Proof: Let B be t-IFSG of group G2. Let x1 , x2 ∈ G1 be any element. Then

f −1 ( B t )( x1 x2 ) = ( μ f −1 ( Bt ) ( x1 x2 ) , ν f −1 ( Bt ) ( x1 x2 ))
μf −1
( Bt )
( x1 x2 ) = μ Bt ( f ( x1 x2 )) = μ Bt ( f ( x1 ) f ( x2 ))
≥ min{μ Bt f ( x1 ), μ Bt f ( x2 )}
= min { μ f −1 ( Bt ) ( x1 ), μ f −1 ( Bt ) ( x2 )}
Thus μ f −1 ( Bt ) ( x1 x2 ) ≥ min { μ f −1 ( Bt ) ( x1 ), μ f −1 ( Bt ) ( x2 )}
Similarly, we can show that ν f −1 ( Bt ) ( x1 x2 ) ≤ max { ν f −1 ( Bt ) ( x1 ), ν f −1 ( Bt ) ( x2 )}
Further , μ f −1 ( Bt ) ( x −1 ) = μ Bt ( f ( x −1 )) = μ Bt ( f ( x)−1 ) = μ Bt ( f ( x)) = μ f −1 ( Bt ) ( x)
Simiarly, we can show that ν f −1 ( Bt ) ( x −1 ) = ν f −1 ( Bt ) ( x)
Thus f −1 ( B t ) = (f −1 ( B))t is IFSG of G1 and hence f −1 ( B ) is t-IFSG of G1 .

Theorem 4.2: Let f : G1 Æ G2 be surjective homomorphism and A be t-IFSG of

group G1. Then f (A) is t-IFSG of group G2 .

Proof: Since A is t-IFSG of group G1. Let y1 , y2 ∈ G2 be any element. Then there
exists some x1 , x2 ∈ G1 such that f (x1) = y1 and f (x2) = y2. [Note that x1 , x2 need not
be unique]
f ( At )( y1 y2 ) = ( μ f ( At ) ( y1 y2 ) , ν f ( At ) ( y1 y2 ))
242 P.K. Sharma

μ f ( A ) ( y1 y2 ) = μ( f ( A)) ( y1 y2 ) = min{ μ f ( A) ( f ( x1 ) f ( x2 )), t }

t t

= min { μ f ( A) ( f (x1x2 )), t }

≥ min{ μA ( x1x2 ) , t } = μAt ( x1x2 )
≥ min{μAt (x1 ), μAt (x2 )} , for all x1 , x2 ∈G1 such that f ( x1 ) = y1 and f ( x2 ) = y2
= min{ ∨ {μAt ( x1 ) : f (x1 ) = y1}, ∨{μAt ( x2 ) : f ( x2 ) = y2}}
= min { μ f ( At ) ( y1 ), μ f ( At ) ( y2 )}

Thus μ f ( At ) ( y1 y2 ) ≥ min{μ f ( At ) ( y1 ), μ f ( At ) ( y2 )}

Similarly, we can show that ν f ( At ) ( y1 y2 ) ≤ max{ν f ( At ) ( y1 ), ν f ( A)t ) ( y2 )}

Further , f ( At )( y −1 ) = ( μ f ( At ) ( y −1 ) , ν f ( At ) ( y −1 ))
μ f ( A ) ( y −1 ) = ∨{μ A ( x −1 ) : f ( x −1 ) = y −1}
t t

= ∨ {μ At ( x) : f ( x) = y}
= μ f ( At ) ( y )
Similarly, we can show that ν f ( At ) ( y −1 ) = ν f ( At ) ( y )
Thus f ( At ) = ( f ( A))t is IFSG of G 2 and hence f ( A) is t-IFSG of G 2 .

Theorem 4.3: Let f : G1 Æ G2 be homomorphism of group G1 into a group G2. Let B

be t-IFNSG of group G2. Then f -1(B) is t-IFNSG of group G1 .

Proof: Let B be t-IFNSG of group G2. Let x1 , x2 ∈ G1 be any element. Then

f −1 ( B t )( x1 x2 ) = ( μ f −1 ( Bt ) ( x1 x2 ) , ν f −1 ( Bt ) ( x1 x2 ))
μf −1
( Bt )
( x1 x2 ) = μBt ( f ( x1 x2 )) = μBt ( f ( x1 ) f ( x2 ))
=μBt ( f ( x2 ) f ( x1 )) = μBt ( f ( x2 x1 ))
= μ f −1 ( Bt ) ( x2 x1 )
Thus μ f −1 ( Bt ) ( x1 x2 ) = μ f −1 ( Bt ) ( x2 x1 )

Similarly, we can show that ν f −1 ( Bt ) ( x1x2 ) = ν f −1 ( Bt ) ( x2 x1 )

Hence f −1 ( Bt ) = ( f −1 ( B))t is IFNSG of G1 and hence f −1 ( B) is t-IFNSG of G1.

Theorem 4.4: Let f : G1 Æ G2 be bijective homomorphism and A be t-IFNSG of

group G1. Then f (A) is t-IFNSG of group G2 .

Proof: Since A is t-IFNSG of group G1. Let y1 , y2 ∈ G2 be any element. Then there
 t- Intuitionistic Fuzzy Subgroups 243

exists unique x1 , x2 ∈ G1 such that f (x1) = y1 and f (x2) = y2.

( f ( A)) t ( y1 y2 ) = ( μ ( f ( A))t ( y1 y2 ) , ν ( f ( A ))t ( y1 y2 ))
μ ( f ( A )) ( y1 y 2 ) = min{ μ f ( A ) ( f ( x1 ) f ( x2 )), t }
t

= min { μ f ( A ) ( f ( x1 x 2 )), t }
= min{ μ A ( x1 x2 ) , t } = μ At ( x1 x2 ) = μ At ( x2 x1 )
= min{ μ A ( x2 x1 ) , t } = min { μ f ( A ) ( f ( x2 x1 )), t }
= min { μ f ( A ) ( f ( x2 ) f ( x1 )), t }= min { μ f ( A ) ( y 2 y1 ), t }
= μ ( f ( A ))t ( y 2 y1 )
Thus μ ( f ( A ))t ( y1 y 2 ) = μ ( f ( A ))t ( y 2 y1 )
Similarly , we can show that ν ( f ( A ))t ( y1 y 2 ) = ν ( f ( A ))t ( y 2 y1 )
Hence (f ( A))t is IFNSG of G 2 and hence (f ( A)) is t- IFNSG of G 2 .

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