REPUBLIC ACT No.

3046 (LawPhil, 2025)

AN ACT DEFINE THE BASELINES OF THE TERRITORIAL SEA OF THE PHILIPPINES.

WHEREAS, the Constitution of the Philippines describes the national territory as comprising all
the territory ceded to the United States by the Treaty of Paris concluded between the United
States and Spain on December 10, 1898, the limits of which are set forth in Article III of said
treaty, together with all the islands embraced in the treaty concluded at Washington, between
the United States and Spain on November 7, 1900, and in the treaty concluded between the
United States and Great Britain on January 2, 1930, and all the territory over which the
Government of the Philippine Islands exercised jurisdiction at the time of the adoption of the
Constitution;

WHEREAS, all the waters within the limits set forth in the above-mentioned treaties have always
been regarded as part of the territory of the Philippine Islands;

WHEREAS, all the waters around, between and connecting the various islands of the
Philippines archipelago, irrespective of their width or dimension, have always been considered
as necessary appurtenances of the land territory, forming part of the inland or internal waters of
the Philippines;

WHEREAS, all the waters beyond the outermost islands of the archipelago but within the limits
of the boundaries set forth in the aforementioned treaties comprise the territorial sea of the
Philippines;

Approved: June 17, 1961.

Commonwealth Act No. 141 of 1936 (DAR, 2018)

AND AN ACT TO AMEND COMPILE THE LAWS RELATIVE TO LANDS OF THE PUBLIC
DOMAIN TITLE I TITLE AND APPLICATION OF THE ACT, LANDS TO WHICH IT REFERS,
AND CLASSIFICATION, DELIMITATION, AND SURVEY — THEREOF FOR CONCESSION

SECTION 1. The short title of this Act shall be "The Public Land Act.

SECTION 2. The provisions of this Act shall apply to the lands of the public domain; but timber
and mineral lands shall be governed by special laws and nothing in this Act provided shall be
understood or construed to change or modify the administration and disposition of the lands
commonly called "friar lands'' and those which, being privately owned, have reverted to or
become the property of the Commonwealth of the Philippines, which administration and
disposition shall be governed by the laws at present in force or which may hereafter be enacted.
Approved: November 7, 1936

PRESIDENTIAL DECREE No. 1151 (LawPhil, 2025)

PHILIPPINE ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY

WHEREAS, the individual and, at times, conflicting, demands of population growth,

urbanization, industrial expansion, rapid natural resources utilization and increasing
technological advances have resulted in a piecemeal-approach concept of environmental
protection;

Done in the City of Manila this 6th day of June in the year of Our Lord, nineteen hundred and
seventy-nine.

PRESIDENTIAL DECREE No. 1152 (DOE, 2025)

Subject: PHILIPPINE ENVIRONMENT CODE

WHEREAS, the broad spectrum of environment has become a matter of vital concern to the
government;
WHEREAS, the national leadership has taken a step towards this direction by creating the
National Environment Protection Council under Presidential Decree No. 1121;
WHEREAS, it is necessary that the creation of the Council be complemented with the launching
of comprehensive program of environmental protection and management.
WHEREAS, such a program can assume tangible and meaningful significance only by
establishing specific environment management policies and prescribing environment quality
standards in a Philippine Environment Code.

Section 64. Effectivity. - This Code shall take effect upon its approval. Done in the City of
Manila, this 6th day of June in the year of Our Lord, nineteen hundred and seventy-seven

PRESIDENTIAL DECREE NO. 984, August 18, 1976 (Supreme court E-library, 2019)
PROVIDING FOR THE REVISION OF REPUBLIC ACT NO. 3931, COMMONLY KNOWN AS
THE POLLUTION CONTROL LAW, AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES.

WHEREAS, there is a need to modify the organizational structure of the NATIONAL

POLLUTION CONTROL COMMISSION to make it more effective and efficient in the discharge
of its functions and responsive to the demands of the times occasioned by the accelerative
phase of the country's industrialisation program;
WHEREAS, there is an imperative need to strengthen this Commission to best protect the
people from the growing menace of environmental pollution; and Whereas, it is urgently
necessary to maintain the role of the Commission as the primary agency responsible for the
preventionand control of environmental pollution;

SEC. 13. Effectivity.—This Decree shall take effect immediately.

Done in the City of Manila, this 18th day of August in the year of Our Lord, nineteen hundred
and seventy-six.

REPUBLIC ACT No. 6969 (LawPhil, 2025)

AN ACT TO CONTROL TOXIC SUBSTANCES AND HAZARDOUS AND NUCLEAR WASTES,
PROVIDING PENALTIES FOR VIOLATIONS THEREOF, AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES

Section 1. Short title. – This Act shall be known as the "Toxic Substances and Hazardous
and Nuclear Wastes Control Act of 1990."

Section 2. Declaration of Policy. – It is the policy of the State to regulate, restrict or prohibit
the importation, manufacture, processing, sale, distribution, use and disposal of chemical
substances and mixtures that present unreasonable risk and/or injury to health or the
environment; to prohibit the entry, even in transit, of hazardous and nuclear wastes and their
disposal into the Philippine territorial limits for whatever purpose; and to provide advancement
and facilitate research and studies on toxic chemicals.
Section 3. Scope. – This Act shall cover the importation, manufacture, processing, handling,
storage, transportation, sale, distribution, use and disposal of all unregulated chemical
substances and mixtures in the Philippines, including the entry, even in transit as well as the
keeping or storage and disposal of hazardous and nuclear wastes into the country for whatever
purpose.

Section 20. Effectivity. – This Act shall take effect after fifteen (15) days following its
publication in the Official Gazette or in any newspaper of general circulation.
Approved: October 26, 1990

REPUBLIC ACT NO. 7586 (LawPhil, 2025)

AN ACT PROVIDING FOR THE ESTABLISHMENT AND MANAGEMENT OF NATIONAL
INTEGRATED PROTECTED AREAS SYSTEM, DEFINING ITS SCOPE AND COVERAGE,
AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES

Section 1. Title – This Act shall be known and referred to as the "National Integrated Protected
Areas System Act of 1992″.
Section 2. Declaration of Policy – Cognizant of the profound impact of man’s activities on all
components of the natural environment particularly the effect of increasing population, resource
exploitation and industrial advancement and recognizing the critical importance of protecting
and maintaining the natural biological and physical diversities of the environment notably on
areas with biologically unique features to sustain human life and development, as well as plant
and animal life, it is hereby declared the policy of the State to secure for the Filipino people of
present and future generations the perpetual existence of all native plants and animals through
the establishment of a comprehensive system of integrated protected areas within the
classification of national park as provided for in the Constitution.
It is hereby recognized that these areas, although distinct in features, posses common
ecological values that may be incorporated into a holistic plan representative of our natural
heritage; that effective administration of this area is possible only through cooperation among
national government, local government and concerned private organizations; that the use and
enjoyment of these protected areas must be consistent with the principles of biological diversity
and sustainable development.
To this end, there is hereby established a National Integrated Protected Areas System (NIPAS),
which shall encompass outstandingly remarkable areas and biologically important public lands
that are habitats of rare and endangered species of plants and animals, biogeographic zones
and related ecosystems, whether terrestrial, wetland or marine, all of which shall be designated
as "protected areas".

Approved: June 01 1992

PRESIDENTIAL DECREE NO. 1899 (MGB, 2025)

ESTABLISHING SMALL-SCALE MINING AS A NEW DIMENSION IN MINERAL
DEVELOPMENT

WHEREAS, the Philippine mining industry has always been dominated by large-scale mining
operations; prevailing statutes, policies, incentives and financing are generally addressed to the
large-scale sector of the industry; and capital intensity with high debtequity ratio, mechanization
and heavy energy requirements characterize such type of operations, whose main attraction is
the attainment of economies of scale through low cost but large tonnage operations;

Section 10. This Decree shall take effect immediately. Done in the City of Manila, this 23rd day
of January, in the year of Our Lord, nineteen hundred and eighty-four.

REPUBLIC ACT No. 7076 (LawPhil, 2025)

AN ACT CREATING A PEOPLE'S SMALL-SCALE MINING PROGRAM AND FOR OTHER
PURPOSES

Section 1. Title. – This Act shall be known as the "People's Small-scale Mining Act of 1991."
Section 2. Declaration of Policy. – It is hereby declared of the State to promote, develop,
protect and rationalize viable small-scale mining activities in order to generate more
employment opportunities and provide an equitable sharing of the nation's wealth and natural
resources, giving due regard to existing rights as herein provided.
Approved: June 27, 1991.

REPUBLIC ACT NO. 7942 (LawPhil, 2025)

AN ACT INSTITUTING A NEW SYSTEM OF MINERAL RESOURCES EXPLORATION,
DEVELOPMENT, UTILIZATION, AND CONSERVATION

This Act shall be known as the "Philippine Mining Act of 1995."

Declaration of Policy
All mineral resources in public and private lands within the territory and exclusive economic
zone of the Republic of the Philippines are owned by the State. It shall be the responsibility of
the State to promote their rational exploration, development, utilization and conservation
through the combined efforts of government and the private sector in order to enhance national
growth in a way that effectively safeguards the environment and protect the rights of affected
communities.

Approved: MARCH 03 1995

Republic Act No. 8749 (LawPhil, 2025)

AN ACT PROVIDING FOR A COMPREHENSIVE AIR POLLUTION CONTROL POLICY AND
FOR OTHER PURPOSES

Section 1. Short Title. - This Act shall be known as the "Philippine Clean Air Act of 1999."
Section 2. Declaration of Principles. - The State shall protect and advance the right of the
people to a balanced and healthful ecology in accord with the rhythm and harmony of nature.
The State shall promote and protect the global environment to attain sustainable development
while recognizing the primary responsibility of local government units to deal with environmental
problems.
The State recognizes that the responsibility of cleaning the habitat and environment is primarily
area-based.
The State also recognizes the principle that "polluters must pay".
Finally, the State recognizes that a clean and healthy environment is for the good of all and
should, therefore, be the concern of all.
Approved, June 23, 1999.

PRESIDENTIAL DECREE No. 1067 (LawPhil, 2025)

A DECREE INSTITUTING A WATER CODE, THEREBY REVISING AND CONSOLIDATING
THE LAWS GOVERNING THE OWNERSHIP, APPROPRIATION, UTILIZATION,
EXPLOITATION, DEVELOPMENT, CONSERVATION AND PROTECTION OF WATER
RESOURCES
Article 1. This Code shall be known as The Water Code of the Philippines.
Article 2. The objectives of this Code are:
(a) To establish the basic principles and framework relating to the appropriation, control and
conservation of water resources to achieve the optimum development and rational utilization of
these resources;
(b) To define the extent of the rights and obligations of water users and owners including the
protection and regulation of such rights;
(c) To adopt a basic law governing the ownership, appropriation, utilization, exploitation,
development, conservation and protection of water resources and rights to land related thereto;
and
(d) To identify the administrative agencies which will enforce this Code.

Effectivity:
Done in the City of Manila, this 31st day of December, Nineteen Hundred and Seventy-Six.

REPUBLIC ACT No. 11038 (Supreme court E-library, 2018)

An Act Declaring Protected Areas and Providing for Their Management, Amending for This
Purpose Republic Act No. 7586, Otherwise Known as the "National Integrated Protected Areas
System (NIPAS) Act of 1992" and for Other Purposes

Section 1. Title. - This Act shall be known and referred to as the "Expanded National Integrated
Protected Areas System Act of 2018" .

"Sec. 2. Declaration of Policy. - Cognizant of the profound impact of human activities on all
components of the natural environment particularly the effect of increasing population, resource
exploitation and industrial advancement, and recognizing the critical importance of protecting
and maintaining the natural, biological, and physical diversities of the environment notably on
areas with biologically unique features to sustain human life and development, as well as plant
and animal life, it is hereby declared the policy of the State to secure for the Filipino people of
present for future generations, the perpetual existence of all native plants and animals through
the establishment of a comprehensive system of integrated protected areas within the
classification of national park as provided for in the Constitution.
Approved: June 22, 2018

DENR ADMINISTRATIVE ORDER NO. 39 s. 1993, May 25, 1993 (Supreme court E-library,
2025)
RATES OF FOREST CHARGES PURSUANT TO REPUBLIC ACT NO. 7161 (R.A. 7161) AND
BASED ON THE FOB MARKET PRICE OF FOREST PRODUCTS

Pursuant to the provisions of Section 3, 4 and 5 of R.A. 7161 and based on 1992 FOB Market
Price survey on timber and other forest products, the following new rates of forest charges shall
be collected:
1. TIMBER (per cubic meter)

SPECIES* FOREST CHARGES (P)

a. Philippine Mahogany LUZON VISAYAS MINDANAO

Group Manggasinoro,

Group Manggachapui

Group,Narig Group,

Palosapis Group Guijo Group; 865.00 865.00 817.00

b. Yakal Group; 1,095.00 1,095.00 1,017.00

c. Apitong Group; 730.00 730.00 730.00

d. Softwood Species except igem; 715.00 715.00 715.00

e. Igem; 1,675.00 1,675.00 1,675.00

f. Nato; 575.00 575.00 665.00

g. Furniture/Construction Hardwood 785.00 785.00 785.00

h. Premium species, if allowed to be cut; and 3,000.00 3,000.00 3,000.00

i. Lesser-Used Species 550.00 550.00 550.00

Pulpwood and matchwood species (per 95.00 95.00 95.00

2.
cubic meter)

Firewood, branches and other recoverable 10.00 10.00 10.00

3. wood
wastes of timber (per cubic meter)

4. Rattan-Unsplit (per linear meter)

4.a. Palasan, Culape and Kurakling

4.a.1. over 2 cm in diameter 0.85 0.85 0.85

4.a.2. 0.65 0.65 0.65

cm or less in diameter
2

Tumalin, Limuran, Ditaan and other

4.b.
species of rattan

4.b.1. over 2 cm in diameter 0.80 0.80 0.80

4.b.2. 0.50 0.50 0.50

cm or less in diameter
2

5. Rattan-split (per kilogram) 3.50 3.50 3.50

 6. Bamboo (per piece) 3.00 3.00 300

6.a. Kawayan Tinik/Kawayan kiling; 6.00 6.00 6.00

6.b .Bayog; 3.00 3.00 3.00

6.c. Boho/Bolo; 2.00 2.00 2.00

6.d. Other Species of Erect Bamboos; and 1.50 1.50 1.50

6.e All Climbing Bamboos 0.50 0.50 0.50

7. Almaciga resin (per kilogram) 1.00 1.00 1.00

8. Manila Elemi (per kilogram) 0.95 0.95 0.95

9. Other gums and resins (per kilogram) 0.40 0.40 0.40

10. Beeswax (per kilogram) 1.00 1.00 1.00

11. Gutta-percha (per kilogram) 1.50 1.50 1.50

Title
RA 8749 Philippine Clean Air Act
RA 9003 Ecological Solid Waste Management Act
RA 9147 Wildlife Resources Conservation and Protection Act
RA 9175 Chainsaw Act
RA 9275 Philippine Clean Water Act
EO 263 Adopting community-based forest management as the national strategy
 to ensure the sustainable development of the country's forestlands
resources and providing mechanisms for its implementation
EO 26 National Greening Program
PD 1586 Establishing an Environmental Impact Assessment system

THE DENR (DENR, 2025)

MANDATE (EO 192)
The Department is the primary government agency responsible for conservation,
management, development and proper use of the country's environment and natural
resources, specifically forest and grazing lands, mineral resources, including those in
reservation and watershed areas, and lands of public domain. as well as the
licensing and regulation of all natural resources as may be provided for by law in
order to ensure equitable sharing of the benefits derived therefrom for the welfare of
the present and future generations of Filipinos.

To accomplish this mandate, the Department shall be guided by the following

objectives:

1. Assure the availability and sustainability of the country's natural resources

through judicious use and systematic restoration or replacement, whenever
possible
2. Increase the productivity of natural resources in order to meet the demands for
forest mineral and land resources of a growing populations.
3. Enhance the contribution of natural resources for achieving national economic
and social development
4. Promote equitable access to natural resources by the different sectors of the
population; and
5. Conserve specific terrestrial and marine areas representative of the Philippine
natural and cultural heritage for present and future generations.

VISION
A nation enjoying and sustaining its natural resource, and clean and healthy
environment.

MISSION
To mobilize our citizenry in protecting, conserving, and managing the environment
and natural resources for the present and future generations.

Attached agencies
 Laguna Lake Development Authority
 National Mapping and Resource Information Authority
 National Water Resources Board
  Natural Resources Development Corporation
 Palawan Council for Sustainable Development
 Philippine Mining Development Corporation

Line Bureaus
 Environmental Management Bureau (EMB)
 Mines and Geosciences Bureau (MGB)
 Forest Management Bureau (FMB)
 Biodiversity Management Bureau (BMB)
 Land Management Bureau (LMB)
 Ecosystem Research and Development Bureau (ERDB)

References:

LawPhil. (2025). REPUBLIC ACT No. 3046. Retrieved from

[Link]

DAR. (2018). Commonwealth act no. 141. Retrived from

[Link]

LawPhil. (2025). Presidential Decree 1151. Retrieved from

[Link]

DOE. (2025). Presidential Decree 1152. Retrieved from

[Link]

Supreme court E-library. (2019). Retrieved from

[Link]

LawPhil. (2025). Republic act no.6969. Retrieved from

[Link]

LawPhil. (2025). Republic Act no. 7586. Retrieved from

[Link]
MGB. (2025). Presidential Decree no. 1899. Retrieved from
[Link]

LawPhil. (2025). Republic act no. 7076. Retrieved from

[Link]

LawPhil. (2025). Republic Act No. 7942. Retrieved from

[Link]

LawPhil. (2025). Republic act 8749. Retrieved from

[Link]

LawPhil. (2025). Presidential Decree no. 1067. Retrieved from

[Link]

Supreme court E-library. (2018). Retrieved from

[Link]

Supreme court E-library. (1993). DENR ADMINISTRATIVE ORDER NO. 39 s. 1993, May 25,
1993. Retrieved from [Link]

DENR. (2025). DENR Mandate, Mission & Vision. Retrieved from

[Link]