Prelims
Rapid Revision
by Dr. UPSC
30 days
10 MCQ/day
PDF Notes of those 10 most
repeated themes based on
PYQs.
Prelims Rapid Revision by Dr. UPSC Day : 2
S.No Topic Subject Theme Why is this important?
JUICE (JUpiter ICy moons Science and Space
1. Important Space Programme
Explorer) Technology Technology
Science and Space
2. DAKSHA Mission Significant Satelite in News
Technology Technology
Science and Space and Important Astronomical
3. Gravitational Lensing
Technology Universe Phenomenon
Science and Space and Important terms. Theme asked in
4. Quasars and Blazars
Technology Universe PYQs.
Important concept. Quantum
Science and Space
5. Quantum Satellite Technology- application asked in
Technology Technology
PYQs
Science and Space Significant accord for multi-
6. Artemis Accords
Technology Exploration party space exploration
Science and Space and
7. Super Blue Moon Frequent buzz in News
Technology Universe
Science and Space An important mission in context
8. Mission BepiColombo
Technology Mission of space exploration.
Science and Space
9. Gaganyaan Mission Important Indian initiative.
Technology Mission
Bharatiya Anthariksh Station Science and Space Ongoing significant space
10.
(BAS) Technology Technology projects of India.
What are must to do TOPICS?
Gaganayan and the Bhartiya Antariksh Station are landmark missions and high-priority topics for exams.
Gravitational lensing is a hot topic in space related news. Important for prelims.
Quasars and blazars - Highly relevant topics.
The Artemis Accords is also very crucial topic.
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JUICE (Jupiter icy moon explorer) mission
The Jupiter Icy Moons Explorer (JUICE) mission by ESA aims to study
Jupiter and its moons.
It is ESA’s 1st mission to the outer Solar System, and it will be the
first time a spacecraft circles a moon of another planet.
It was launched in April, 2023 and will arrive at Jupiter in 2031.
Daksha mission
Led by IIT-B, along with Physical Mission Gaganayan
Research Laboratory, Tata Institute of
Fundamental Research, Raman India’s 1st crewed space mission to go
Research Institute, etc. to LEO and bring the crew back safely,
Plan to build 2 high energy space proposed to be launched in early 2025.
telescopes with three types of sensors Will make India, the 4th country to do
to detect energy from low to high so, after USA, China and Russia
energy bands. Will use LVM-3, and source 60% of
To detect, study explosive equipment from the Indian private
astrophysical sources, Gamma-Ray sector.
Bursts, Primordial Black holes.
Super blue moon
Why in news? Mission BepiColombo
NASA observed that a rare full moon,
also known as super blue moon will be Why in news?
visible from across on the Earth in The Bepicolombo Mission
Aug, 2024. recently gave the first ever
What is a blue moon? clear view of Mercury’s south
A “blue moon” happens when there pole.
are two full moons within a single More about BepiColombo Mission:
calendar month. The “blue moon” BepiColombo, a joint mission of
symbolizes something rare, rather ESA and JAXA, was launched in
than colour. 2018, and is expected to reach
The moon orbits around the Earth in Mercury in 2026.
about 29.5 days. Hence, if the full It aims at exploring Mercury, the
moon occurs at the start of the month, closest planet to the Sun.
then it is possible to witness another
full moon within the month.
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Gravitational
It is a phenomenon that occurs when a massive object wraps the
lensing
surrounding space and time, bending the light that passes through
Exam me kya ayega? that region. It is similar to the curves we see through a magnifying
Just know what it is.
glass.
Can be asked as a term in
news. It can be used to detect dark matter, identify distant galaxies,
detect black holes, etc.
These are the ripples caused in space-time due to interaction
Gravitational
between two celestial bodies, merger of black hole or death of a
Waves
star.
Exam me kya ayega? It is similar to the ripple effect in a pond if we throw a stone in it.
Read everything we have In 2015, scientists detected GW for the very first time using LIGO
given you. (Laser Interferometer Gravitational-wave Observatory).
It’s super important. LIGO-India is a project under construction in Deccan Traps,
Maharashtra. It will be completed by 2030 and will be a part of the
global network of detectors.
Other two LIGO observatories are located in Hanford and
Livingston (USA)
Quantum
Satellite India plans to launch a quantum satellite in the next 2-3 years for
quantum communications, under the National Quantum Mission.
Exam me kya ayega? (India doesn’t have a Quantum Satellite as of now).
National Quantum Mission
A quantum satellite is a communication satellite which uses quantum
and Quantum Technology-
physics to secure data transmission in encrypted form.
applications.
China launched the world's first quantum satellite in 2016 named
MICIUS.
Quasars and Blazars They are fundamentally the same object i.e. a supermassive
black hole with a surrounding accretion disk, producing a
Exam me kya ayega? jet. The difference lies in the angle from which they are
Just know what it is. seen.
Can be asked as a term in In Blazars, we observe the jet almost end-on (straight to
news.
us), while in Quasars, the jet is oriented at a larger angle
(slanting), so we can peek inside it.
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Artemis Accord
Why in news?
Armenia became the 43rd signatory to the Artemis Accords.
What are Artemis Accords?
They are a set of non-binding principles to enhance
governance of civil exploration and use of outer space for
Peaceful exploration of space.
Grounded in Outer Space Treaty of 1967.
Is India a signatory?
Yes, India is also a signatory but not a founding member.
RELATED SPACE TREATIES
Chronology
Exam me kya ayega?
India is a signatory to
Outer Space Treaty (1967) Rescue Agreement (1968)
all five treaties but
has only ratified four.
India has not ratified Moon Agreement (1979)
the Moon Agreement.
Liability Convention (1972) Registration Convention (1976)
Bhartiya Antariksh Station Why in news ?
Cabinet has approved India’s first space station which will
International Space
be launched by 2028 and will be fully operational by 2035.
Station:
NASA (US)
Roscosmos (Russia)
Space Stations in operation:
ESA (Europe) International Space Station (ISS)
JAXA (Japan) China’s Tiangong Space Station
CSA (Canada)
