CS/B.
TECH(N)/ODD/SEM-7/7714/2023-2024
MAULANA ABUL KALAM AZAD UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY, WEST BENGAL
Paper Code : PE-EC703B/PEROB701C Wireless Sensor Networks
UPID : 007714
Time Allotted : 3 Hours Full Marks :70
The Figures in the margin indicate full marks.
Candidate are required to give their answers in their own words as far as practicable
Group-A (Very Short Answer Type Question)
1. Answer any ten of the following : [ 1 x 10 = 10 ]
(I) Does the size of a sensor node vary?
Ans:- Yes
(II) WMN in network topology stands for _________
Ans:- Wireless mesh network
(III) WMN is made up of ______ type of nodes
Ans:- Radio
(IV) WSN are _________ dispersed.
Ans:- Spatially
(V) Does WSN measures wind parameters?
Ans:- Yes
(VI) WSN are spatially distributed _________ sensors
Ans:- Autonomous sensors
(VII) Which type of layer can make optimal modulation to improve transmission performance in WSN?
Ans:- Cross layer
(VIII) QoS in WSN stands for __________.
Ans:- Quality of service
(IX) _________ can be imagined as small computers in a Wireless Sensor Network.
Ans:- Sensor nodes
(X) A sensor node with a processing unit has _______ memory.
Ans:- Limited
(XI) A low-power wireless device is called _______.
Ans:- LPWAN
(XII) Additional components of WSN are _________.
Ans:- ASICs
RS232
USB
Group-B (Short Answer Type Question)
Answer any three of the following : [ 5 x 3 = 15 ]
2. What is the principle of wireless sensor network? [5]
Ans:- A WSN consists of a set of connected tiny sensor nodes, which communicate with each other and exchange
information and data. These nodes obtain information on the environment such as temperature, pressure,
humidity or pollutant, and send this information to a base station.
3. What are the main components of wireless sensor network? [5]
Ans:- Components of WSN:
Sensors: Sensors in WSN are used to capture the environmental variables and which is used for data
acquisition. ...
Radio Nodes: It is used to receive the data produced by the Sensors and sends it to the WLAN access point.
...
WLAN Access Point: ...
Evaluation Software:
4. What is the principle of sensor? [5]
1/3
Ans:- The sensing principle of an optical sensor is based on the shifts in the characteristic optical signal of an
optical platform resulting from interactions with analyte molecules, which are then translated into
quantitative or qualitative measurements.
5. Mention four different types of sensors used in WSN? [5]
Ans:- Different Types of Sensors
Temperature Sensor.
Proximity Sensor.
Accelerometer.
IR Sensor (Infrared Sensor)
Pressure Sensor.
Light Sensor.
Ultrasonic Sensor.
Smoke, Gas and Alcohol Sensor.
6. What is sensor in IoT? [5]
Ans:- IoT sensors are pieces of hardware that detect changes in an environment and collect data. They're the
pieces of an IoT ecosystem that bridge the digital world to the physical world.
Group-C (Long Answer Type Question)
Answer any three of the following : [ 15 x 3 = 45 ]
7. (a) What is 100% packet loss? [5]
Ans:- 100% packet loss is a situation where packets sent by the user is not sent to the destination resulting in no
response from the server. For example, if you were to send 200 packets but only 170 reached the
destination, that would be 30% packet loss. In the case of 100% packet loss, all 200 packets would be lost
(b) What is latency and packet loss? [ 10 ]
Ans:- Network latency is a measurement of round trip time (RTT) for a packet of data, or the number of
milliseconds it takes a packet to travel to a destination (server) and back again. When packets of data fail
to reach their destination, your network is experiencing packet loss.
8. (a) What is data gathering in WSN? [5]
Ans:- WSN, Sensor Network Architecture. The objective of data gathering in the sensor network is to transmit
the sensed data from each sensor node to a base station. In other words, data gathering is used to
maximize the number of rounds before the node dies and the network becomes inoperable
(b) What is quality of service in TCP? [ 10 ]
Ans:- Quality of service (QoS) is a set of techniques to manage network resources and ensure reliable and
timely delivery of data, voice, and video applications. QoS can be implemented at different layers of the
Internet Protocol Suite (TCP/IP), but each layer has its own advantages and disadvantages.
9. (a) What is jitter in networking? [5]
Ans:- What is network jitter? As mentioned earlier, jitter is a variance in latency, or the time delay between
when a signal is transmitted and when it is received. This variance is measured in milliseconds (ms) and is
described as the disruption in the normal sequence of sending data packets.
(b) What is the frequency range of WSN? [ 10 ]
Ans:- Currently, frequencies used for wireless sensor systems include 315 MHz, 433 MHz, 868 MHz (Europe),
915 MHz (North America), and the 2.45-GHz Industrial-Scientific-Medical (ISM) band.
10. (a) Why is energy efficiency important in WSN? [5]
Ans:- Each node in the network is equipped with a battery, but it is almost very difficult to change or recharge
batteries; therefore, the crucial question is: “how to prolong the network lifetime to such a long time?”
Hence, maximizing the lifetime of the network through minimizing the energy is an important challenge
in
(b) What is the difference between latency and bandwidth? [ 10 ]
Ans:- Latency refers to the amount of time a data packet takes to travel from one point to another, AKA the
delay between the time data is sent and received, measured in milliseconds (ms). Whereas bandwidth
refers to the volume of data sent, latency refers to the speed at which it's transmitted.
11. (a) Does packet loss affect speed? [5]
Ans:- Packet loss will generally reduce the speed or throughput of a given connection. Sometimes this can result
in a loss or reduction in quality to latency sensitive protocols or applications such as streaming video or
voice over IP, where there is less of a requirement for accuracy.
2/3
(b) What causes internet jitter? [ 10 ]
Ans:- itter
in Internet Protocol (IP) networks is the variation in the latency on a packet flow between two systems
when some packets take longer to travel from one system to the other. Jitter results from network
congestion, timing drift and route changes.
*** END OF PAPER ***
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