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Slide 5 - Reliability Validity

The document discusses the concept of reliability in testing, highlighting the reliability coefficient as a measure of true score variance versus total variance. It explains various methods for assessing reliability, including split-half reliability, KR-20, KR-21, and Cronbach Alpha, each suited for different types of test items. The importance of minimizing error in observed test scores to enhance reliability is also emphasized.

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23 views31 pages

Slide 5 - Reliability Validity

The document discusses the concept of reliability in testing, highlighting the reliability coefficient as a measure of true score variance versus total variance. It explains various methods for assessing reliability, including split-half reliability, KR-20, KR-21, and Cronbach Alpha, each suited for different types of test items. The importance of minimizing error in observed test scores to enhance reliability is also emphasized.

Uploaded by

qinle60434
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

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• Reliability Coefficient – index of reliability, a proportion that


. indicates the ratio between the true score variance on a test and
the total variance

• Classical Test Theory – a score on an ability tests is presumed


to reflect not only the test taker's true score on the ability being
measured but also error

• Reliability refers to the proportion of total variance attributed to


true variance

• The greater the proportion of the total variance attributed to true


variance, the more reliable the test

• Error – refers to the component of the observed test score that


does not have to do with the test taker's ability
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.• Split half Reliability - Obtained by correlating two pairs of scores obtained from equivalent halves of a
single test administered once
o Useful when it is impractical or undesirable to assess reliability with two tests or to administer a
test twice
o Simply dividing the test in the middle is not recommended because it is likely that this procedure
would spuriously raise or lower the reliability coefficient
o Divide the test by content so that each half contains items equivalent with respect to content and
difficulty
o Spearman-Brown Formula – allows a test developer or user to estimate internal consistency
reliability from a correlation of two halves of a test

• KR-20 – used for inter-item consistency of dichotomous items

• KR-21 – if all the items have the same degree of difficulty (speed tests)

• Coefficient Alpha/ Cronbach Alpha – appropriate for use on tests containing non-dichotomous items
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