Calculus 1 Tutor

Worksheet 11
Integration
by Substitution

1
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Calculus 1 Tutor - Worksheet 11 – Integration by Substitution

1. Evaluate the integral using substitution:

∫ 2(2𝑥 + 7)5 𝑑𝑥

2. Evaluate the integral using substitution:

∫ 9sin(9𝑥 − 2)𝑑𝑥

3. Evaluate the integral using substitution:

∫ 5√5𝑥 + 3 𝑑𝑥

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4. Evaluate the integral using substitution:

∫ 14(7𝑥 + 2)3 𝑑𝑥

5. Evaluate the integral using substitution:

∫ 2𝑥√𝑥 2 + 5 𝑑𝑥

6. Evaluate the integral using substitution:

∫ cos(5𝑥 − 9)𝑑𝑥

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7. Evaluate the integral using substitution:
2
∫ 𝑑𝑥
cos2 (6𝑥)

8. Evaluate the integral using substitution:

3𝜃 2
∫ 2 3 𝑑𝜃
sin (𝜃 )

9. Evaluate the integral using substitution:

∫ 𝜃cos(2𝜃 2 ) 𝑑𝜃

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10. Evaluate the integral using substitution:

∫(𝑥 2 − 5𝑥 + 11)3 (2𝑥 − 5) 𝑑𝑥

11. Evaluate the integral using substitution:

∫ sin5 𝑥cos𝑥 𝑑𝑥

12. Evaluate the integral using substitution:

𝜋
4

∫ tan𝛽sec 2 𝛽𝑑𝛽
0

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13. Evaluate the integral using substitution:
4
𝑑𝑦
∫
(3𝑦 − 1)3
2

14. Evaluate the integral using substitution:

3
4𝑥 + 14
∫ 𝑑𝑥
(𝑥 2 + 7𝑥)3
1

15. Evaluate the integral using substitution:

∫ 9sec 2 ⁡(9𝜃 − 5) 𝑑𝜃

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16. Evaluate the integral using substitution:
1

∫(2𝑥 + 5)(𝑥 2 + 5𝑥 − 7)4 𝑑𝑥

0

17. Evaluate the integral using substitution:

2

∫ √𝑤 5 + 2𝑤(5𝑤 4 + 2)𝑑𝑤
1

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18. Evaluate the integral using substitution:
3

∫ 2𝑥 √𝑥 2 + 1𝑑𝑥
0

19. Evaluate the integral using substitution:

2
𝑥
∫ 𝑑𝑥
(𝑥 2 + 25)3
0

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20. Evaluate the integral using substitution:
𝜋
12

∫ 5sec 2 (3𝛼)𝑑𝛼
𝜋
18

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Answers - Calculus 1 Tutor - Worksheet 11 – Integration by Substitution

1. Evaluate the integral using substitution:

∫ 2(2𝑥 + 7)5 𝑑𝑥

𝑑𝑢
Let 𝑢 = 2𝑥 + 7 and 𝑑𝑢 = 2𝑑𝑥. Then, 𝑑𝑥 = .
2

Substitute these values into the integral:

𝑑𝑢
∫ 2(𝑢)5 = ∫ 𝑢5 𝑑𝑢
2
Integrate using the power rule:

1
∫ 𝑢5 𝑑𝑢 = 𝑢6 + 𝐶
6

Substitute the expression 2𝑥 + 7 back in for 𝑢.

1 6 1
𝑢 + 𝐶 = (2𝑥 + 7)6 + 𝐶
6 6

1
Answer: (2𝑥 + 7)6 + 𝐶
6

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2. Evaluate the integral using substitution:

∫ 9sin(9𝑥 − 2)𝑑𝑥

𝑑𝑢
Let 𝑢 = 9𝑥 − 2 and 𝑑𝑢 = 9𝑑𝑥. Then, 𝑑𝑥 = .
9

Substitute these values into the integral:

𝑑𝑢
∫ 9sin(9𝑥 − 2)𝑑𝑥 = ∫ 9sin(𝑢) = ∫ sin(𝑢)𝑑𝑢
9
Integrate with sin𝑢 as the derivative of – cos𝑢.

∫ sin(𝑢)𝑑𝑢 = −cos𝑢 + 𝐶

Substitute the expression 9𝑥 − 2 back in for 𝑢.

−cos𝑢 + 𝐶 = −cos⁡(9𝑥 − 2) + 𝐶

Answer: −cos⁡(9𝑥 − 2) + 𝐶

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3. Evaluate the integral using substitution:

∫ 5√5𝑥 + 3 𝑑𝑥

Change the radical expression to an expression with a rational exponent. Then let
𝑑𝑢
𝑢 = 5𝑥 + 5 and 𝑑𝑢 = 5𝑑𝑥. Then, 𝑑𝑥 = .
5

Substitute these values into the integral:

1
∫ 5√5𝑥 + 3 𝑑𝑥 = ∫ 5(5𝑥 + 3)2 𝑑𝑥

1 𝑑𝑢 1
= ∫ 5(𝑢)2 = ∫(𝑢)2 𝑑𝑢
5
Integrate using the power rule:
1 2 3
∫ 𝑢2 𝑑𝑢 = 𝑢2 + 𝐶
3

Substitute the expression 5𝑥 + 3 back in for 𝑢.

2 3 2 3
𝑢2 + 𝐶 = (5𝑥 + 3)2 + 𝐶
3 3

3
2
Answer: (5𝑥 + 3)2 + 𝐶
3

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4. Evaluate the integral using substitution:

∫ 14(7𝑥 + 2)3 𝑑𝑥

𝑑𝑢
Let 𝑢 = 7𝑥 + 2 and 𝑑𝑢 = 7𝑑𝑥. Then, 𝑑𝑥 = .
7

Substitute these values into the integral:

𝑑𝑢
∫ 14(7𝑥 + 2)3 𝑑𝑥 = ∫ 14(𝑢)3
7
Simplify the integral and integrate using the power rule:
2 4
∫ 2(𝑢)3 𝑑𝑢 = 7 ∫(𝑢)3 𝑑𝑢 = 𝑢 +𝐶
4

Substitute the expression 7𝑥 + 2 back in for 𝑢.

2 4 1
𝑢 + 𝐶 = (7𝑥 + 2)4 + 𝐶
4 2

1
Answer: 2 (7𝑥 + 2)4 + 𝐶

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5. Evaluate the integral using substitution:

∫ 2𝑥√𝑥 2 + 5 𝑑𝑥

Change the radical expression to an expression with a rational exponent. Then let
𝑑𝑢
𝑢 = 𝑥 2 + 5 and 𝑑𝑢 = 2𝑥𝑑𝑥. Then, 𝑑𝑥 = .
2𝑥

Substitute these values into the integral:

1
∫ 2𝑥√𝑥 2 + 5 𝑑𝑥 = ∫ 2𝑥(𝑥 2 + 5)2 𝑑𝑥

1 1 𝑑𝑢
∫ 2𝑥(𝑥 2 + 5)2 𝑑𝑥 = ∫ 2𝑥(𝑢)2
2𝑥
1 𝑑𝑢 1
= ∫ 2𝑥(𝑢)2 = ∫(𝑢)2 𝑑𝑢
2𝑥
Integrate using the power rule:
1 2 3
∫ 𝑢2 𝑑𝑢 = 𝑢2 + 𝐶
3

Substitute the expression 𝑥 2 + 5 back in for 𝑢.

2 3 2 3
𝑢2 + 𝐶 = (𝑥 2 + 5)2 + 𝐶
3 3

3
2
Answer: (𝑥 2 + 5)2 + 𝐶
3

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6. Evaluate the integral using substitution:

∫ cos(5𝑥 − 9)𝑑𝑥

𝑑𝑢
Let 𝑢 = 5𝑥 − 9 and 𝑑𝑢 = 5𝑑𝑥. Then, 𝑑𝑥 = .
5

Substitute these values into the integral:

𝑑𝑢 1
∫ cos(5𝑥 − 9)𝑑𝑥 = ∫ cos(𝑢) = ∫ cos(𝑢)𝑑𝑢
5 5
Integrate with cos𝑢 as the derivative of sin𝑢.

1 1
∫ cos(𝑢)𝑑𝑢 = 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑢 + 𝐶
5 5

Substitute the expression 5𝑥 − 9 back in for 𝑢.

1 1
sin𝑢 + 𝐶 = sin⁡(5𝑥 − 9) + 𝐶
5 5

1
Answer: sin⁡(5𝑥 − 9) + 𝐶
5

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7. Evaluate the integral using substitution:
2
∫ 𝑑𝑥
cos2 (6𝑥)
2
Begin by changing the integral using the identity cos2 (6𝑥) = 2sec 2 (6𝑥).

2
∫ 2
𝑑𝑥 = ∫ 2sec 2 (6𝑥) 𝑑𝑥
cos (6𝑥)
𝑑𝑢
Let 𝑢 = 6𝑥 and 𝑑𝑢 = 6𝑑𝑥. Then, 𝑑𝑥 = .
6

Substitute these values into the integral:

𝑑𝑢 1
∫ 2sec 2 (6𝑥) = ∫ sec 2 (𝑢)𝑑𝑢
6 3
Integrate with sec 2 𝑢 as the derivative of tan𝑢.
1 1
∫ sec 2 (𝑢)𝑑𝑢 = tan𝑢 + 𝐶
3 3

Substitute the expression 6𝑥 back in for 𝑢.

1 1
tan𝑢 + 𝐶 = tan(6𝑥) + 𝐶
3 3

1
Answer: tan(6𝑥) + 𝐶
3

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8. Evaluate the integral using substitution:

3𝜃 2
∫ 2 3 𝑑𝜃
sin (𝜃 )
3𝜃2
Begin by changing the integral using the identity cos2 (𝜃3 ) = 3𝜃 2 csc 2 (𝜃 3 ).

3𝜃 2
∫ 𝑑𝑥 = ∫ 3𝜃 2 csc 2 (𝜃 3 ) 𝑑𝑥
cos2 (𝜃 3 )
𝑑𝑢
Let 𝑢 = 𝜃 3 and 𝑑𝑢 = 3𝜃 2 𝑑𝜃. Then, 𝑑𝜃 = 3𝜃2.

Substitute these values into the integral:

𝑑𝑢
∫ 3𝜃 2 csc 2 (𝜃 3 ) 2
= ∫ csc 2 (𝑢)𝑑𝑢
3𝜃
Integrate with csc 2 𝑢 as the derivative of – cot𝑢.

∫ csc 2 (𝑢)𝑑𝑢 = −cot𝑢 + 𝐶

Substitute the expression 𝜃 3 back in for 𝑢.

−cot𝑢 + 𝐶 = −cot(𝜃 3 ) + 𝐶

Answer: −cot(𝜃 3 ) + 𝐶

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9. Evaluate the integral using substitution:

∫ 𝜃cos(2𝜃 2 ) 𝑑𝜃

𝑑𝑢
Let 𝑢 = 2𝜃 2 and 𝑑𝑢 = 4𝜃𝑑𝜃. Then, 𝑑𝜃 = 4𝜃 .

Substitute these values into the integral:

𝑑𝑢 1
∫ 𝜃cos(𝑢) = ∫ cos(𝑢)𝑑𝑢
4𝜃 4
Integrate with cos𝑢 as the derivative of sin𝑢.

1 1
∫ cos(𝑢)𝑑𝑢 = sin𝑢 + 𝐶
4 4

Substitute the expression 2𝜃 2 back in for 𝑢.

1 1
sin𝑢 + 𝐶 = sin(2𝜃 2 ) + 𝐶
4 4

1
Answer: sin(2𝜃 2 ) + 𝐶
4

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10. Evaluate the integral using substitution:

∫(𝑥 2 − 5𝑥 + 11)3 (2𝑥 − 5) 𝑑𝑥

𝑑𝑢
Let 𝑢 = 𝑥 2 − 5𝑥 + 11 and 𝑑𝑢 = (2𝑥 − 5)𝑑𝑥. Then, 𝑑𝑥 = 2𝑥−5.

Substitute these values into the integral:

𝑑𝑢
∫(2𝑥 − 5)(𝑢)3 = ∫ 𝑢3 𝑑𝑢
2𝑥 − 5
Integrate using the power rule:

1
∫ 𝑢3 𝑑𝑢 = 𝑢4 + 𝐶
4

Substitute the expression 𝑥 2 − 5𝑥 + 11 back in for 𝑢.

1 4 1
𝑢 + 𝐶 = (𝑥 2 − 5𝑥 + 11)4 + 𝐶
4 4

1
Answer: (𝑥 2 − 5𝑥 + 11)4 + 𝐶
4

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11. Evaluate the integral using substitution:

∫ sin5 𝑥cos𝑥 𝑑𝑥

Let 𝑢 = sin𝑥 and 𝑑𝑢 = cos𝑥𝑑𝑥.

Substitute these values into the integral:

∫ sin5 𝑥cos𝑥 𝑑𝑥 = ∫(𝑢)5 𝑑𝑢

Integrate using the power rule.

1
∫(𝑢)5 𝑑𝑢 = 𝑢6 + 𝐶
6
Substitute the expression sin𝑥 back in for 𝑢.

1 6 1
𝑢 + 𝐶 = sin6 𝑥 + 𝐶
6 6

1
Answer: sin6 𝑥 + 𝐶
6

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12. Evaluate the integral using substitution:
𝜋
4

∫ tan𝛽sec 2 𝛽𝑑𝛽
0

Let 𝑢 = 𝑡𝑎𝑛𝛽 and 𝑑𝑢 = sec 2 𝛽𝑑𝛽. Then, since this is a definite integral, change
the integration limits so they are in terms of 𝑢. Thus, 𝑢(0) = tan0 = 0 and
𝜋 𝜋
𝑢 (4 ) = tan (4 ) = 1

Substitute these values into the integral:

𝜋
4 1

∫ tan𝛽sec 2 𝛽𝑑𝛽 = ∫ 𝑢𝑑𝑢

0 0

Integrate using the power rule.

1
1 1 1 1 1
∫ 𝑢𝑑𝑢 = 𝑢2 | = (1)2 − (0)2 =
2 0 2 2 2
0

Because we changed the integration limits to be in terms of 𝑢, we do not

substitute the values back in for 𝑢.

1
Answer: 2

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13. Evaluate the integral using substitution:
4
𝑑𝑦
∫
(3𝑦 − 1)3
2

First rewrite the integral so it can be integrated using the power rule.
4 4
𝑑𝑦
∫ 3
= ∫(3𝑦 − 1)−3 𝑑𝑦
(3𝑦 − 1)
2 2

𝑑𝑢
Now let 𝑢 = 3𝑦 − 1 and 𝑑𝑢 = 3𝑑𝑦. Then 𝑑𝑦 = . Next, since this is a definite
3
integral, change the integration limits so they are in terms of 𝑢. Thus, 𝑢(2) =
3(2) − 1 = 5 and 𝑢(4) = 3(4) − 1 = 11.

Substitute these values into the integral:

4 11 11
𝑑𝑢 1
∫(3𝑦 − 1)−3 𝑑𝑦 = ∫ (𝑢)−3 = ∫ (𝑢)−3 𝑑𝑢
3 3
2 5 5

Integrate using the power rule.

11
1 1 1 −2 11 1 1 11
∫ (𝑢)−3 𝑑𝑢 = ∙ 𝑢 | = − ( 2) |
3 3 −2 5 6 𝑢 5
5

1 1 11 1 1 1 1 1 1 16
= − ( 2) | = − ( 2) − − ( 2) = − + =
6 𝑢 5 6 11 6 5 726 150 3025
Because we changed the integration limits to be in terms of 𝑢, we do not
substitute the values back in for 𝑢.

16
Answer: 3025

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14. Evaluate the integral using substitution:
3
4𝑥 + 14
∫ 𝑑𝑥
(𝑥 2 + 7𝑥)3
1

First rewrite the integral so it can be integrated using the power rule.
3 3
4𝑥 + 14
∫ 2 3
𝑑𝑥 = ∫(4𝑥 + 14)(𝑥 2 + 7𝑥)−3 𝑑𝑥
(𝑥 + 7𝑥)
1 1

𝑑𝑢
Now let 𝑢 = 𝑥 2 + 7𝑥 and 𝑑𝑢 = (2𝑥 + 7)𝑑𝑥. Then 𝑑𝑥 = 2𝑥+7. Next, since this is a
definite integral, change the integration limits so they are in terms of 𝑢. Thus,
𝑢(1) = (1)2 + 7(1) = 8 and 𝑢(3) = (3)2 + 7(3) = 30.

Substitute these values into the integral:

3 30 30
𝑑𝑢
∫(4𝑥 + 14)(𝑥 2 + 7𝑥)−3 𝑑𝑥 = ∫ (4𝑥 + 14)(𝑢)−3 = 2 ∫ (𝑢)−3 𝑑𝑢
2𝑥 + 7
1 8 8

Integrate using the power rule.

30
1 −2 30 1 30
2 ∫ (𝑢)−3 𝑑𝑢 = 2 ∙ 𝑢 | = − ( 2) |
−2 8 𝑢 8
8

1 30 1 1 1 1
= −( ) | = − ( ) − − ( ) = − + ≈ 0.0145
𝑢2 8 302 82 900 64
Because we changed the integration limits to be in terms of 𝑢, we do not
substitute the values back in for 𝑢.

1 1
Answer: = − 900 + 64 ≈ 0.0145

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15. Evaluate the integral using substitution:

∫ 9sec 2 ⁡(9𝜃 − 5) 𝑑𝜃

𝑑𝑢
Let 𝑢 = 9𝜃 − 5 and 𝑑𝑢 = 9𝑑𝜃. Then, 𝑑𝜃 = .
9

Substitute these values into the integral:

𝑑𝑢
∫ 9sec 2 (𝑢) = ∫ sec 2 (𝑢)𝑑𝑢
9
Integrate with sec 2 𝑢 as the derivative of tan𝑢.

∫ sec 2 (𝑢)𝑑𝑢 = tan𝑢 + 𝐶

Substitute the expression 9𝜃 − 5 back in for 𝑢.

tan𝑢 + 𝐶 = tan(9𝜃 − 5) + 𝐶

Answer: tan(9𝜃 − 5) + 𝐶

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16. Evaluate the integral using substitution:
1

∫(2𝑥 + 5)(𝑥 2 + 5𝑥 − 7)4 𝑑𝑥

0

𝑑𝑢
Now let 𝑢 = 𝑥 2 + 5𝑥 − 7 and 𝑑𝑢 = (2𝑥 + 5)𝑑𝑥. Then 𝑑𝑥 = 2𝑥+5. Next, since this
is a definite integral, change the integration limits so they are in terms of 𝑢. Thus,
𝑢(0) = (0)2 + 5(0) − 7 = −7 and 𝑢(1) = (1)2 + 5(1) − 7 = −1.

Substitute these values into the integral:

1 −1 −1
𝑑𝑢
∫(2𝑥 + 5)(𝑥 2 + 5𝑥 − 7)4 𝑑𝑥 = ∫ (2𝑥 + 5)(𝑢)4 = ∫ (𝑢)4 𝑑𝑢
2𝑥 + 5
0 −7 −7

Integrate using the power rule.

−1
1 −1 1 1 1 16807 16806
∫ (𝑢)4 𝑑𝑢 = 𝑢5 | = (−1)5 − (−7)5 = − + =
5 −7 5 5 5 5 5
−7

Because we changed the integration limits to be in terms of 𝑢, we do not

substitute the values back in for 𝑢.

16806
Answer: 5

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17. Evaluate the integral using substitution:
2

∫ √𝑤 5 + 2𝑤(5𝑤 4 + 2)𝑑𝑤
1

Change the radical expression to an expression with a rational exponent.

2 2
1
∫ √𝑤 5 + 2𝑤 (5𝑤 4 + 2)𝑑𝑤 = ∫(𝑤 5 + 2𝑤)2 (5𝑤 4 + 2)𝑑𝑤
1 1

𝑑𝑢
Then let 𝑢 = 𝑤 5 + 2𝑤 and 𝑑𝑢 = (5𝑤 4 + 2)𝑑𝑤. Then, 𝑑𝑤 = 5𝑤 4 +2. Next, since
this is a definite integral, change the integration limits so they are in terms of 𝑢.
Thus, 𝑢(1) = (1)5 + 2(1) = 3 and 𝑢(2) = (2)5 + 2(2) = 36.

Substitute these values into the integral:

2 36
1 1 𝑑𝑢
∫(𝑤 5 + 2𝑤)2 (5𝑤 4 + 2)𝑑𝑤 = ∫ (𝑢)2 (5𝑤 4 + 2)
5𝑤 4 + 2
1 3

Integrate using the power rule:

36
1 2 3 36 2 3 2 3
= ∫ (𝑢)2 𝑑𝑢 = (𝑢)2 | = (36)2 − (3)2
3 3 3 3
3

2 2 1 2 2 1 2 2
= (36)2 (36)2 − (3)2 (3)2 = (36)(6) − (3)√3
3 3 3 3

= 144 − 2√3

Because we changed the integration limits to be in terms of 𝑢, we do not

substitute the values back in for 𝑢.

Answer: 144 − 2√3

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18. Evaluate the integral using substitution:
3

∫ 2𝑥 √𝑥 2 + 1𝑑𝑥
0

Change the radical expression to an expression with a rational exponent.

3 3
1
∫ 2𝑥√𝑥 2 + 1𝑑𝑥 = ∫ 2𝑥(𝑥 2 + 1)2 𝑑𝑥
0 0

𝑑𝑢
Then let 𝑢 = 𝑥 2 + 1 and 𝑑𝑢 = 2𝑥𝑑𝑥. Then, 𝑑𝑥 = 2𝑥 . Next, since this is a definite
integral, change the integration limits so they are in terms of 𝑢. Thus, 𝑢(0) =
(0)2 + 1 = 1 and 𝑢(3) = (3)2 + 1 = 10.

Substitute these values into the integral:

3 10 10
1 1 𝑑𝑢 1
∫ 2𝑥(𝑥 2 + 1)2 𝑑𝑥 =∫ 2𝑥(𝑢)2 = ∫ (𝑢)2 𝑑𝑢
2𝑥
0 1 1

Integrate using the power rule:

10
1 2 3 10 2 3 2 3
= ∫ (𝑢)2 𝑑𝑢 = (𝑢)2 | = (10)2 − (1)2
3 1 3 3
1

2 2 1 2 2 1 2 2
= (10)2 (10)2 − (1)2 (1)2 = (10)√10 − (1)√1
3 3 3 3
20√10 2
= −
3 3
Because we changed the integration limits to be in terms of 𝑢, we do not
substitute the values back in for 𝑢.

20√10 2
Answer: 3
−3

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19. Evaluate the integral using substitution:
2
𝑥
∫ 𝑑𝑥
(𝑥 2 + 25)3
0

First rewrite the integral so it can be integrated using the power rule.
2 2
𝑥
∫ 2 3
𝑑𝑥 = ∫ 𝑥(𝑥 2 + 25)−3 𝑑𝑥
(𝑥 + 25)
0 0

𝑑𝑢
Now let 𝑢 = 𝑥 2 + 25 and 𝑑𝑢 = 2𝑥𝑑𝑥. Then 𝑑𝑦 = 2𝑥 . Next, since this is a definite
integral, change the integration limits so they are in terms of 𝑢. Thus, 𝑢(0) =
(0)2 + 25 = 25 and 𝑢(2) = (2)2 + 25 = 29.

Substitute these values into the integral:

2 29 29
𝑑𝑢 1
∫ 𝑥(𝑥 2 + 25)−3 𝑑𝑥 = ∫ 𝑥(𝑢)−3 = ∫ (𝑢)−3 𝑑𝑢
2𝑥 2
0 25 25

Integrate using the power rule.

29
1 1 1 −2 29 1 1 29
∫ (𝑢)−3 𝑑𝑢 = ∙ 𝑢 | = − ( 2) |
2 2 −2 25 4 𝑢 25
25

1 1 29 1 1 1 1 1 1
= − ( 2) | = − ( 2) − − ( 2) = − + ≈ 0.0001027
4 𝑢 25 4 29 4 25 3364 2500
Because we changed the integration limits to be in terms of 𝑢, we do not
substitute the values back in for 𝑢.

1 1
Answer: − 3364 + 2500 ≈ −0.0001027

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20. Evaluate the integral using substitution:
𝜋
12

∫ 5sec 2 (3𝛼)𝑑𝛼
𝜋
18

𝑑𝑢
Let 𝑢 = 3𝛼 and 𝑑𝑢 = 3𝑑𝛼. Then, 𝑑𝛼 = . Next, since this is a definite integral,
3
𝜋 𝜋 𝜋
change the integration limits so they are in terms of 𝑢. Thus, 𝑢 (18) = 3 (18) = 6
𝜋 𝜋 𝜋
and 𝑢 (12) = 3 (12) = 4 . Substitute these values into the integral:
𝜋 𝜋 𝜋
12 4 4
𝑑𝑢 5
∫ 5sec 2 (3𝛼)𝑑𝛼 = ∫ 5sec 2 (𝑢) = ∫ sec 2 (𝑢)𝑑𝑢
3 3
𝜋 𝜋 𝜋
18 6 6

Integrate with sec 2 𝑢 as the derivative of tan𝑢.

𝜋
4 𝜋
5 5 4 = 5 tan 𝜋 − 5 tan 𝜋
∫ sec 2 (𝑢)𝑑𝑢 = tan𝑢|𝜋
3 3 3 4 3 6
𝜋
6 6
5 𝜋 5 𝜋 5 5 1 5 5
tan − tan = (1) − ∙ = −
3 4 6 6 3 3 √ 3 3 3 √3

Because we changed the integration limits to be in terms of 𝑢, we do not

substitute the values back in for 𝑢.

5 5
Answer: −3
3 √3

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