Verb

TENSES
By: Naomi Ruiz
 INDEX
01. Present Simple
02. Present Continuous
03. Present Perfect
04. Present Perfect Continuous
05. Past Simple
06. Past Perfect
07. Past Perfect Continuous
 Regular actions or routines.
Present Simple General facts or universal truths.
Permanent states.

Structure:
🔹 Affirmative: Subject + base verb (+s for he/she/it) + complement
🔹 Negative: Subject + do/does not + base verb + complement
🔹 Interrogative: Do/Does + subject + base verb + complement?
🔹 Answer Y/N questions: Yes, subject + do/does . No, subject + do/does not
Examples:
She works every day. Full Form Contraction
They do not like pizza.
Does he play soccer? do not don’t
Yes he does / No, he doesn't
does not doesn’t
 Time expressions
Present Simple

Every day/week/month/year → I go to school every day.

On Mondays/Tuesdays... → She has piano lessons on Fridays.

Always / Usually / Often / Sometimes / Rarely / Never → He always drinks

coffee in the morning.

In the morning/afternoon/evening → We study in the evening.

At night / At the weekend → They play soccer at the weekend.

Complete the sentences with the correct form of the verb in parentheses.
1. She ___________ (go) to school every day.
2. They ___________ (not like) spicy food.
3. ________ he ________ (play) basketball on weekends?
4. My father ___________ (work) in a bank.
5. We ___________ (study) English on Mondays.
Rewrite the sentences in negative and interrogative form:
1. He speaks French. →
Negative: ___________________________________________
Question: ___________________________________________
1. They eat lunch at 12:00. →
Negative: ___________________________________________
Question: ___________________________________________
 Actions happening right now.
Present Continuous Fixed future plans or arrangements.

They are traveling to

Structure: Paris next week.
🔹 Affirmative: Subject + am/is/are + verb + ing + complement
🔹 Negative: Subject + am/is/are not + verb + ing + complement
🔹 Interrogative: Am/Is/Are + subject + verb + ing + complement?
🔹 Answer Y/N questions: Yes, subject + am/is/are . No, subject+ am/is/are not
Examples:
She is studying now.
They are not watching TV.
Is he playing football?
Yes, he is / No, he isn't
Present Continuous Full Form Contraction

It is It’s

We are We’re
Full Form Contraction
You are You’re
I am I’m
They are They’re
He is He’s
is not isn’t
She is She’s
are not aren’t I am not : I’m not
 Time expressions
Present Continuous

Now / Right now / At the moment → She is reading a book right now.

These days / Nowadays → People are using smartphones these days.

Today / Tonight → I am meeting my friends tonight.

At present / Currently → He is working from home at present.

Fill in the blanks using the present continuous tense.
1. Look! She ________ (run) very fast.
2. We ________ (not watch) TV right now.
3. ____ they ________ (study) for the exam?
4. I ________ (read) an interesting book these days.
5. The kids ________ (play) in the park.
 Present Perfect
Actions that started in the Life experiences Actions that happened
past and are still relevant. (unspecified time). multiple times until now.

Structure:
🔹 Affirmative: Subject + have/has + past participle + complement
🔹 Negative: Subject + have/has not + past participle + complement
🔹 Interrogative: Have/Has + subject + past participle + complement?
🔹 Answer Y/N questions: Yes, subject + have/has . No, subject + have/has not
Examples:
I have visited France twice.
She has not finished her homework.
Have they ever traveled abroad?
Yes, they have. / No, they haven't.
Present Perfect Full Form Contraction

They have They’ve

He has He’s
Full Form Contraction
She has She’s
I have I’ve
It has It’s
You have You’ve
have not haven’t
We have We’ve
has not hasn’t
 Time expressions
Present Perfect

Ever / Never → Have you ever been to Paris?

Already / Yet → She has already finished her homework.

Just / Recently / Lately → I have just eaten lunch.

So far / Up to now / Until now → We have visited five countries so far.

For / Since → She has lived here for five years / since 2010.
Complete the sentences using
the present perfect form.
1. I ________ (visit) Paris
twice.
2. She ________ (not finish) ______ you ever ______ (eat)
her homework yet. sushi?
They ________ (live) in this
city for five years.
He ________ (write) three
books so far.
Present Perfect Actions that started in the past and
continue in the present.
Continuous Emphasizes the duration of the
action.
Structure:
🔹 Affirmative: Subject + have/has been + verb + ing + complement
🔹 Negative: Subject + have/has not been + verb + ing + complement
🔹 Interrogative: Have/Has + subject + been + verb + ing + complement?
🔹 Answer Y/N questions: Yes, subject + have/has . No, subject + have/has not
Examples:
I have been studying for three hours.
She has not been feeling well.
Have they been working all day?
Yes, they have / No, they haven't.
Present Perfect Full Form Contraction
Continuous They have been They’ve been

He has been He’s been

Full Form Contraction
She has been She’s been
I have been I’ve been
It has been It’s been
You have been You’ve been
have not been haven’t been

We have been We’ve been

has not been hasn’t been
 Time expressions
Present Perfect Continuous

For / Since → I have been waiting for an hour / since 3 PM.

Lately / Recently → He has been feeling tired lately.

All day / All morning / All week → She has been studying all day.

So far / Up to now → They have been working on this project so far.

 Use the present perfect
continuous tense to complete the
sentences.
1. She __________ (study) for
three hours.
2. They __________ (not work)
here for long.

____ you _______ (wait) for a long

time?
I __________ (exercise) a lot
lately.
We __________ (watch) that TV
show since last month.
 Past Simple
Actions completed at a
specific time in the past ✅ He did not go to
school. → He didn’t go to
Structure: school.
🔹 Affirmative: Subject + past verb (V2) + complement
📌 Nota: No se puede
🔹 Negative: Subject + did not + base verb + complement
🔹 Interrogative: Did + subject + base verb + complement?
contraer los verbos en

🔹
afirmativo (He went, She
Answer Y/N questions: Yes, subject + did . No, subject + did not studied, etc.).
Examples:
She went to the park yesterday. Full Form Contraction
They did not study for the test.
Did you see that movie?
Yes, I did / No, I didn't. did not didn’t
 Time expressions
Past Simple

Yesterday → I saw him yesterday.

Last night/week/month/year → They traveled to Spain last year.

Ago (two days ago, a year ago, etc.) → She moved here three years ago.

In + past year (in 2005, in 1999, etc.) → He was born in 1990.

When + past event → I was sleeping when the phone rang.

Put the verbs in the correct past simple form.
1. Yesterday, I ____ (go) to the cinema.
2. They ____ (not visit) their grandparents last
weekend.
3. ____ she ____ (buy) a new dress?
4. We ____ (eat) dinner at a nice restaurant.
5. He ____ (see) a famous actor at the airport.
 Past Perfect
Actions that happened
before another action in the
past.
Structure:
🔹 Affirmative: Subject + had + past participle + complement
🔹 Negative: Subject + had not + past participle + complement
🔹 Interrogative: Had + subject + past participle + complement?
🔹 Answer Y/N questions: Yes, subject + had . No, subject + had not
Examples:
She had finished her work before I arrived.
They had not seen that movie before.
Had he left when you called?
Yes, he had. / No, he hadn't.
 Full Form Contraction
Past Perfect
She had She’d

It had It’d
Full Form Contraction

We had We’d
I had I’d

They had They’d

You had You’d

had not hadn’t

He had He’d

She had seen that movie before. → She ’d seen that movie before.
They had not finished their work. → They hadn’t finished their work.
 Time expressions
Past Perfect

Before → She had never seen the ocean before.

After → After they had left, we arrived.

By the time → By the time I arrived, they had already finished dinner.

Already / Just / Never → He had already finished his work.

Until then / Up to that moment → I had not met him until then.
Fill in the blanks using the past perfect tense.
1. When we arrived, they __________ (already/eat)
dinner.
2. She __________ (never/see) the ocean before her trip.
3. _______ you __________ (finish) your homework
before the deadline?
4. By the time I got to the party, my friends
_____________ (leave).
5. He _____________ (not call) me before coming.
 Past Perfect Continuous
Actions that lasted for some
time before another event in
the past.
Structure:
🔹 Affirmative: Subject + had been + verb + ing + complement
🔹 Negative: Subject + had not been + verb + ing + complement
🔹 Interrogative: Had + subject + been + verb + ing + complement?
🔹 Answer Y/N questions: Yes, subject + had . No, subject + had not
Examples:
She had been studying for two hours when her friend arrived.
They had not been sleeping well before they moved.
Had he been working there for long?
Yes, he had. / No, he hadn't.
Past Perfect
Full Form Contraction
Continuous
She had been She’d been

Full Form Contraction

It had been It’d been

I had been I’d been We had been We’d been

You had been You’d been They had been They’d been

He had been He’d been had not been hadn’t been

She had been studying for hours. → She ’d been studying for hours.
They had not been working all day. → They hadn’t been working all day.
 Time expressions
Past Perfect Continuous

For / Since → She had been waiting for two hours / since 5 PM.

Before → I had been studying for weeks before the exam.

Until that moment → They had been working there until that moment.

By the time → By the time he arrived, we had been talking for hours.

All day / All night / All week → She had been feeling sick all week.
Use the past perfect continuous tense to complete the sentences.
1. She ____________ (work) at the company for five years before
she quit.
2. They ____________ (not sleep) well before they moved to a
quieter place.
3. ________ he ____________ (study) for hours before the test?
4. I ____________ (drive) for three hours before I stopped to rest.
5. The kids ____________ (play) outside all day before it started
raining.
THANKS
:) good luck u can do it.

Nao
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