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Computer : Hardware
1

and Software
PICK UP
5E Engage
Tick () the things that you can do with the help ofa computer.
Play games Type letters Eat food
Listen tomusic Draw pictures Dance
Solve sums Watch movies

CESSON 0BJECTIVES
O Know about Hardware
*Input Devices Processing Devices Output Devices Storage Devices
O Let's Familiar with Software
System SoftwareApplication Software

COAHEAD S (SEX Explain

A computer is a collection of different parts. It is mainly made up of Hardware and

Software.
A. Hardware
Allthephysical parts of the computer that you can touch or feel are called Hardware. e.g,
keyboard, monitor, mouse, printer, speaker, etc. Sonme parts ofhardware are inside the CPU.
eg, Hard disk, CPU chip etc.

FOR THE TEACHER Show the students pictures of the latest input, output and storage devices
available in the market these days.

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Hardware

Input devices Processing device Output devices Storage devices

1. Input Devices
The devices through which we enter data and instructions are called
Some of the input devices are:
input devices
Keyboard : A keyboard is the most EEEEEEE
common input device used to enter data
and instructions into the computer. A
keyboard has many keys on it. Today, the
most popular keyboard is the QWERTY Keyboard
keyboard. It is called QWERTY, because of
TECH TALK (5E Explain
the order of the letters in the first row of
che alphabet keys. The QWERTY keyboard was created by
Chirstopher Sholes in 1868.
Mouse :A mouse is a small input device that helps you to do different
tasks on a computer. It usually has two buttons and a scroll wheel. You
can move it around to point at an
object on the computer screen.

Scanner : A Scanner is a device that captures

images of
photographic prints, posters, magazine pages and similar sources
for computer editing and display.
There are three types of scanner :(a) Flatbed scanner, (b)Sheetfed
Scanner and (c) Handheldscanner.

Web Camera : It is used to capture photos, shoot videos and save

them
in the computer.It is also used for live video chat and video-conferencing
through internet.

Joystick: It is used for playing games. It helps to move the items on

the screen.

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Light Pen : A light pen looks like a pen that can be used on a
special pad. Whatever you write on this pad can be seen on
the
monitor.

Microphone : A microphone used to record our voice and other

is
sounds into comnputer. The recorded sound is then saved as a
file on the computer.
sound

Touchscreen: A touchscreen is a
computer screen
that sensitive to the touch. Now-a-days, most
is

monitors, mobile phones and ATMs have

touchscreens.

2. Processing Device
Processing device is the computer hardware that
manipulates the data and creates something
meaningful out of it.
The CPU(Central Processing Unit) is called the
processing device. It is fixed inside the system
cabinet on the
motherboard. The main parts of
the CPUare:
a. ALU (Arithmetic Logic Unit) /It carries out all the mathematical and logical
operations. )
b. CU (Contról Unit): It controls the transfer of information from one part of the CPU
to the other.
C. MU(Memory Unit): It stores the data in the computer.

HOTS 5E)X Explore

Rahul wants tostore and transfer data from the schoolcomputer to hislaptop.Which device is useful
for him?

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3. Output Devices
The devices which display the information and result are called output devices. Some of
the output devices are as follows:
Monitor : A monitor is also known as the VDU ie, Visual
Display nit of the computer. It displays the result of the

task performed by the computer. There are different types

ofmonitor:LCD(Lquid Crystal Display), CRT (Cathod Ray
Tube), LED (Light-Emitting Diode), TFT (Thin Film
Transistor) etc.

Printer:A printer used to print the output on a paper.

is
The printed copy is called the hard copy.
There are three main types of printer : Dot matrix, Inkiet
and Laser printer.

Speakers : Speakers are one of the most common output

devices connected to a computer's sound card that output
sounds generated by the computer.

Plotter : Plotter is a special purpose outpt device. It is used

to print large drawings such as maps, banners and posters. It

isused mainly by engineers, architects and scientists to print

good quality drawings.
The two most commonly used plotters are drum plotters
and flatbed plotters.

CET'S RESERVE Explore

Write down some ofthe input devices.

) (iv)

i) ()
(ii) (vi)

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4. Storage Devices
The devices that are used to store
the data are called storage devices. Some Ol le
Storage devices are as follows:
Hard Disk : Hard disk drives are
used to store
software and working data. It is located inside operating systems,
the system unit. AlI
the work youdo on the computer, by default gets
stored in the
hard disk.

CD/DVD:A CD (Compact Disc) is adevice that

Stores information outside the computer. It is an
external storage device. One CD can store a large
amount of information, such as books, songs and
CD pictures. A DVD (Digital Versatile Disc) can store
much more data than a CD. Special software is
used to store data on a CD or DVD.

DVD
Pen Drive or Flash Drive: A pen drive is very small in size but can Sarbisk
store and transfer data from one computer to anothe. lt can be
handled very easily.
B. Software
Software is a collection of instructions that_can 'run' on the computer. These
instructions tell the computer what to do. To-make the hardware work, we need to have
software in it.
There are two types of software:

Software

Systen Software Application Software

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1. System Software
programs that control and
System softwares are
a computer
operate the overall functioning of
system. They help the application,software
to
perform their tasks. Windows 10
Operating System or OS is a part of system software
manages the
that makes the computer to run. It also
link between the different parts of the computer
and the user.
Examples: Windows 10, Unix, LinuX and Mac OS.
2. Application Software Caleulator

Standard
TApplication softwares are those softwares that help you in
doing some specific works on the computer, with the help
0
of the system software.
ME Me M
MS
MS Paint is used for drawing pictures. WordPad is used for
typing and making corrections in the text. Calculator is used
%

for doing calculations. Games are used for entertainment. CE C

Aelicaiom Ssten 7

4
8

5 6
9 X

itfeences. 1
2

H
TIE UP
Acomputer is
that can doa lot ofwork.
an electronicmachine
S The physical parts of thecomputer that you can touch or feel are called Hardware.

7Software isa collectionofinstructions that can 'run' ona computer.

The devices thatare used to store the data are called storage devices.
The CPU iscalled processing device.
System softwares are programs that control and operate the overall functioning of the computer
system)
(Application softwares are those softwares that help you in doing some specific work on the
Computer, with the help of the system software:

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ComPETENCY BASED QUESTIONnAIRE

Tick() the correct option:
7. lam a pointinginputdevice, commonly used to select or modify data directly on screen.

(A) (B) (D)

2. This device is commonly used in shopping malls and large retail stores. What is
this device called?
(A) Active keyboard (B) Passive keyboard
(C) Organise keyboard (D) Concept keyboard

ORTLEING Evaluate

A. Tick () the correct option. (MCQs)

1. The devices through which we enter data and instructions are called devices.
(a) input (b) output (c) storage (d) none of these
2. The known as the brain of the computer.
is

(a) monitor (b) CPU (c) printer (d) mouse

3. An Operating System is an example of
(a) system software (b) application software
(c) both (a) and (b) (d) none of these
4. Devices used to store data for future reference are called
(a) input devices (b) storage devices
() output devices (d) allof these
5. Which of the following is an input device?
(a) Speaker (b) Mouse (c) Printer (d) CD
B. Fillin the blanks with the help of hint box.
Hnt BoX microphone, ALU mbnitor CD, printer
1. A displays output on the screen.

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is used to record our voice.

2A
is a device that stores informationoutside the computer.
3. A
4 carries out all the mathematical and logical operations.

5. A isused to print the output on a paper.

C. Answer the following questions.
1. Name any four Operating Systems.
one example.
2. What is a storage device? Give
3 What is hardware? Give examples.
4. What is software? Name its types.
What is the difference between application software and system software?

(5EX Elaborate

ADD-ON-SKTLLoos

GET TOGETHER Communication ()

• Divide the class into groups and discuss the topic, difference between
Hardware and Software.

PROJECT ZONE Creativity

Take a chart and paste some pictures ofinput and output devices.

EL Experiential Learning
in THE LAB
programs
On yourcomputer, click on the start menu. Make a list ofall
on your Ask your teacher how many of these are
installed Computer.
are the system
application softwares? Also try to find out what
softwares installed in your computer?

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