PHYSICS
PREP
LETS MEET
Syllabus
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Book
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ing
LEARNING OBJECTIVES
● Describe different types of force
● Understand the effects of forces on moving objects
● Describe how to measure forces
Attracting and Repelling Forces (Non Contact Forces)
The gravitational force, or Electrostatic force acts Magnets attract magnetic
force of gravity is the force between objects that are materials such as iron, steel,
that attracts you to the Earth. charged. Rubbing plastic nickel. There is a magnetic
It also attracts Earth to you. objects between objects that force between the magnet
The force of gravity acts are charged. Rubbing plastic and the magnetic material.
between any objects that has objects can charge them up The objects do not need to
mass. with static electricity. Once
be touching to experience
they are charged they can
The force of gravity on an the force.
attract and repel other
object is called the object’s
charged objects.
weight. It acts towards the
centre of the Earth. (Always
down)
Forces on moving objects (Contact Forces)
When any object slides Air resistance is a force In a car or plane, a force
across a surface, the force that acts on any object called thrust pushes the
of friction tries to stop it moving through the air. vehicle forwards.
moving.
Water resistance acts on
any object moving through
water. Both air and water
resistance are types of
drag. The moving objects
collides with the particles in
the air or the water, and this
slows it down.
Upthrust
Thrust
Upthrust and Tension (Contact Forces)
If an object is floating, the water is If you pull something with a rope, there is a
pushing it up. This push is a force force called tension in the rope. There is
called upthrust. tension in any rope, wire, cable, or piece of
string that has a weight on it.
Measuring forces
A device for measuring forces is called
a forcemeter, such as a spring
balance. Forces are measured in units
called Newtons (N).
Look at the following pictures
and decide the names of the
forces acting on the objects,
draw and label the forces.
Decide if they are contact forces
or not.
Vocabulary
● Force: A push or pull that acts on an object to affect its movement or shape.
● Gravitational force (Gravity): The force of attraction between two objects because of their mass.
● Earth: A rocky inner planet, the third planet from the Sun.
● Weight: The force of the Earth on an object due to its mass.
● Electrostatic force: The force between two charged objects.
● Attract: pull together, for example, opposite poles of a magnet or positive and negative charges
attract each other.
● Repel:To push away
● Magnetic force: The force between the poles of two magnets, or between a magnet and a magnetic
material such as iron.
● Friction: A force that resists movement because of contact between surfaces.
● Air resistance: The force on an object that is moving through the air, causing it to slow down. (type
of drag)
● Water resistance: The force on an object moving through water that causes it to slow down. (type of
drag)
Vocabulary
● Drag: A force on an object moving through air or water, causing it to slow down.
● Thrust: Force from an engine or rocket
● Upthrust: The force on an object in a liquid or gas that pushes it up.
● Floating: An object floats when the upthrust from water is equal to the downwards
force of the object’s weight.
● Tension: A stretching force
● Forcemeter: A device used to measure forces
● Spring balance: A device for measuring forces, sometimes called a forcemeter or a
newton meter
● Newton: The unit of force including weight, symbol N.
