THE INTERNET AND THE

NEW INFORMATION
TECHNOLOGY
INFRASTRUCTURE

Prepared by:
Lee Mann Rexon B. Basinga
OBJECTIVES
1. What is the new information technology (IT) infrastructure for
business? Why is connectivity so important in this infrastructure?
2. How does the Internet work? What are its major capabilities?
3. How can businesses benefit from using the World Wide Web
and Web technology? 4. How can businesses benefit from the
Wireless Web?
5. What are the principal technologies for supporting electronic
commerce and electronic business?
6. What management problems are raised by the new
information technology (IT) infrastructure? How can businesses
solve these problems?
 MANAGEMENT CHALLENGES

■ Taking a broader perspective on

infrastructure development

■ Selecting technologies for the new

information technology (IT) infrastructure
 THE NEW INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY (IT)
INFRASTRUCTURE
FOR THE DIGITAL FIRM
Enterprise Networking and Internetworking

Enterprise Networking

■ Arrangement of organization’s hardware,

software, network, and data resources

■ Creates a company-wide network linking many

smaller networks

Internetworking
■ Links separate networks into an
interconnected network
THE NEW INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY (IT) INFRASTRUCTURE
FOR THE DIGITAL FIRM

The New Information Technology (IT) Infrastructure

THE NEW INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY (IT) INFRASTRUCTURE
FOR THE DIGITAL FIRM
Standards and Connectivity for Digital Integration

Connectivity

■ Measures how well computers and

computer-based devices communicate

Open System

■ Software systems

■ Operate on different hardware platforms

THE NEW INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY (IT) INFRASTRUCTURE
FOR THE DIGITAL FIRM

Standards and Connectivity for Digital Integration

Models of Connectivity for Networks

■ Transmission Control Protocol/Internet

Protocol (TCP/IP)

■ Open Systems Interconnect (OSI)

THE NEW INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY (IT) INFRASTRUCTURE
FOR THE DIGITAL FIRM
(TCP/IP) Reference Model
THE NEW INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY (IT) INFRASTRUCTURE
FOR THE DIGITAL FIRM
What is the Internet?

Internet Service Provider (ISP)

■ Commercial organization with a permanent

connection to Internet

■ Sells temporary connections to subscribers

THE INTERNET: INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY (IT) INFRASTRUCTURE
FOR THE DIGITAL FIRM

Internet Technology and Services

Information appliance

■ Device customized to perform few specialized

computing tasks with minimal user effort
THE INTERNET: INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY (IT) INFRASTRUCTURE
FOR THE DIGITAL FIRM

Client/Server Computing on the Internet

THE INTERNET: INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY (IT) INFRASTRUCTURE
FOR THE DIGITAL FIRM

Internet Tools for Communication

Electronic Mail (E-Mail)

■ Connects people worldwide

■ Creates productivity gain

Usenet Newsgroups

■ On-line discussion groups using electronic

bulletin boards
THE INTERNET: INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY (IT) INFRASTRUCTURE
FOR THE DIGITAL FIRM

Analysis of an Internet Address

THE INTERNET: INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY (IT) INFRASTRUCTURE
FOR THE DIGITAL FIRM

Internet Tools for Communication

LISTSERV
■ E-mail broadcast from mailing list servers

Chatting
■ Live, interactive conversations over public
network
THE INTERNET: INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY (IT) INFRASTRUCTURE
FOR THE DIGITAL FIRM

Internet Tools for Communication

Instant messaging
■ Service that allows participants to create
their own private chat channels

Internet telephony
■ Two-way voice transmission over the
Internet
THE INTERNET: INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY (IT) INFRASTRUCTURE
FOR THE DIGITAL FIRM

SERVER How are

How are S
(you?
A B C (you?
A B C
Z
) )
GATEWAY A B C B C A GATEWAY
A B

Y
Y Z X X Y Z

X
Fine, thank C
Fine, thank
you!
(X Y Z you!
(X Y Z
) )
THE INTERNET: INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY (IT) INFRASTRUCTURE
FOR THE DIGITAL FIRM

Internet Tools for Communication

Telnet
■ Allows users to log on to one computer
system while working on another

File Transfer Protocol (FTP)

■ Tool for retrieving and transferring files
from a remote computer
THE INTERNET: INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY (IT) INFRASTRUCTURE
FOR THE DIGITAL FIRM

Next Generation Networks and Internet 2

Internet2 and Next Generation Networks

■ Research networks with new protocols and

transmission speeds

■ Provide infrastructures for supporting high

bandwidth Internet applications
 THE WORLD WIDE WEB
Overview

■ Based on a standard hypertext language

called hypertext markup language (HTML)

■ Combines text, hypermedia, graphics, and

sound

■ Handles all types of digital communication

■ Uses graphical user interfaces for easy

viewing
 THE WORLD WIDE WEB
Searching for Information on the Web
Search Engine

■ Locates specific sites or information on

Internet

Shopping Bot

■ Software with varying levels of built-in

intelligence

■ Helps electronic commerce shoppers locate

and evaluate products or services
 THE WORLD WIDE WEB
Searching for Information on the Web

“Push” technology

■ Information broadcast directly to user based

on pre-specified interests

Multicasting

■ Transmission of data to a selected group of

recipients
 THE WORLD WIDE WEB
Intranets and Extranets
Firewall
■ Hardware or software placed between an
organization’s internal network and external
network
■ Prevents outsiders from invading private
networks
Extranets
■ Private intranets extended to authorized users
outside company
 THE WORLD WIDE WEB
Model of an Extranet
 THE WORLD WIDE WEB
The Wireless Web

■ Web-based applications

■ Enables users to access digital information

from the Internet

■ Wireless Web Standards:

❑ Wireless Application Protocol (WAP)
❑ WML (Wireless Markup Language)
❑ Microbrowser
❑ I-mode
❑ M-Commerce Challenges
❑ Voice portals
THE WORLD WIDE WEB
 THE WORLD WIDE WEB
WAP Versus I-Mode
 THE WORLD WIDE WEB
M-Commerce Challenges

■ Keyboards and screens of cell phones tiny and

awkward to use

■ Very slow data transfer speeds

■ Minimal memory and limited power supplies in

Internet-enabled phones

■ Web content primarily in text with very little

graphics

■ Incompatible technologies
SUPPORT TECHNOLOGY FOR ELECTRONIC COMMERCE AND
ELECTRONIC BUSINESS

Web Servers and Electronic Commerce Servers

Hit

■ Entry into Web server’s log file

■ Generated by each request to the server for a

file

Electronic commerce server software

■ Provides functions essential for running

e-commerce Web sites
SUPPORT TECHNOLOGY FOR ELECTRONIC COMMERCE AND
ELECTRONIC BUSINESS

Customer Tracking and Personalization Tools

■ Collecting and storing data

■ Combining data with already stored data

■ Analyzing the data

■ Identifying customer preferences and trends

SUPPORT TECHNOLOGY FOR ELECTRONIC COMMERCE AND
ELECTRONIC BUSINESS

Web Content Management Tool

■ Software to facilitate collection, assembly, and

management of content on Web site, intranet,
or extranet
SUPPORT TECHNOLOGY FOR ELECTRONIC COMMERCE AND
ELECTRONIC BUSINESS

Web Site Performance Monitoring Tool

■ Monitors time taken for downloading Web

pages

■ Identifies broken links between Web pages,

Web site problems, and bottlenecks
SUPPORT TECHNOLOGY FOR ELECTRONIC COMMERCE AND
ELECTRONIC BUSINESS

Web Hosting Services

■ Company with large Web server computers

■ Maintain Web sites of fee-paying subscribers

 MANAGEMENT ISSUES AND DECISIONS

The Challenge of Managing the New Information Technology Infrastructure

■ Loss of management control

■ Connectivity and application integration

challenges

■ Organizational change requirements

■ Hidden costs of enterprise computing

■ Scalability, reliability, and security

downtime
 MANAGEMENT ISSUES AND DECISIONS

Some Solutions

■ Change management

■ Education and training

■ Data administration disciplines

■ Planning for connectivity and application

integration
Thank You !!!