ICSK KHAITAN MODEL UNITED NATIONS

DELEGATES
HANDBOOK

AUTHOR – TEVIN JOE THOMAS

ICMUN 2025
Purpose of this handbook
Greetings Delegates!
Welcome to ICSK KHAITAN Model United Nations, a
conference meant to deliberate and resolve many of the issues
pertaining to global order presently.
As we prepare to take off with the conference, we provide you
with this handbook, to get a grasp of committee elements and
have a brief yet complete understanding of the various
nuances a Model United Nations has to offer, and what you,
as a delegate, may encounter duration the conference. We
highly recommend you read through its entirety. We wish you
the very best of luck in your preparation and execution.
Sincerely, The Secretariat
 Meet the Secretariat

TEVIN JOE THOMAS DEV DHARSHAN

Secretary-General Deputy Secretary-General

DHRUV DEEPU
Head of Logistics
MOHAMMED YOUSUF KHAN
Head of Press & Media

SAFA FHYROSE
Head of Crisis
What is MUN?
Model United Nations, more commonly referred to as MUN, is an
educational simulation of the United Nations conferences, wherein
delegates representing the various countries across the world put
forth their views on global agendas.

Key Term:
Committees:
Refers to specialized bodies dealing with matters of specific concern
such as Security Council (International Security), WHO (World
Health) etc. Each committee has separate agendas/topics.
Dias/Director/Executive Board:
Another name for the chair and their assistant directors, whose
function is to preside and conduct the procedures of committee.
Delegates:
Individual representatives of countries, such as yourself.
Rules of Procedure:
Defined Rules by which a committee conducts and carries out
debate.
Position Paper/Foreign Policy Statement:
A document written by the delegate encapsulating the views and
policies of a country on a particular matter.
Pre - Conference Preparation
Position Paper
Foreign Policy Statement also known as a Position Paper is a written
document you send to your chair. This document is to be written in a
specific format. Place your country's coat of arms on the left and the UN
logo on the right side of the document. Make sure to use Times New
Roman Size 14.
A position paper contains three main content paragraphs; the first one
(the introductory paragraph) gives an insight on what the agenda is about
and the history of the topic and how the issue came into being.
The second is where you mention your country's stance and how you
relate to it. Here you mention which side you support and your country's
position in general.
Your final third paragraph is where you conclude your position paper
and add in your solutions. To add your solutions, you can use bullet
points if necessary.
At the end, make sure to add a bibliography wherein you cite your sources.
Make sure the overall plagiarism does not exceed 12% (Committee
Specifics May Vary) We highly advise all of you to run your position
paper through an online plagiarism checker before sending it. (Sample
Paper attached to the End)
Pre - Conference Preparation
Research
Research is one of the few aspects a delegate can work on before committee
begins. Research does not merely include just understanding the agenda.
Your research must be oriented by your country's policy, as above all,
you are now considered a direct envoy, a voice of your country. As such,
you need to research in a manner that allows you to understand your allotted
country's perspective on the matter.
Furthermore, understanding other country's opinions on the same topic is
vital for you to figure out who your country stands with and who it stands
against, thereby understanding to what extent your diplomatic relations
exist. Hence your preparation can be summed to primary three aspects one
must cover;
[Link] Awareness
[Link] Country Policy Awareness
[Link] International Views and Debates on Subject
Once you have solidified your base, you can continue with your research on
actions you're country has taken and international action on the issue.
Research is a continuous process and there is no limit to what one can
acquire precommittee.
Conference Day: Rules of Procedure
Since the forum for debate is the highest possible one can act on, MUN
follows more or less similar systematic Rules of Procedure which is
mandated for everyone to follow to ensure smooth flow of committee. The
General flow of debate will be similar in most committees, variations if any
will be briefed by the director beforehand. MUN sessions can be briefly
divided into Formal and Informal session.

Formal Debate Session: The General Speakers List

The General Speakers List (GSL) is often the first aspect of committee that
takes place. GSL is a 60 to 90 second speech outlining your country's
general policies on the given agenda.
Within GSL, is present the aspect of Yielding. When a delegate has finished
speaking and has time remaining within their specified speaking time, they
have the choice to yield their remaining time in the following three ways;

1. Yield to Chair: The Chair observes the remainder of the time, and no
action takes place.
2. Yield to Questions (preferred option for better grading):Any
delegate can ask questions to the delegate who has yielded to questions
with the chair's recognition. Chair often stipulates a fixed number of
questions based on remaining time.
3. Yield to Another Delegate: Delegates can choose to give their
remaining time to another delegate for speech, who may choose
to accept or refuse it.
Conference Day: Rules of Procedure
Formal Debate Session: The Moderated Caucus
A moderated caucus allows speakers to speak on a specific subtopic under
the agenda rather than in general. Your committee is primarily run by debate
during these sessions owing to their more focused nature. Moderated
Caucus topics are proposed and voted upon by delegates, hence its
necessary to ensure you have a list of subtopics that your nation and the
world collectively consider worthwhile discussing.

Formal Debate Session: Points

Points are tools used in committee to draw dais's attention to any aspect
pertaining to one delegate. They are classified as:
1. Point of Information: Applicable only to GSL's and conditional in
Moderated Caucuses, delegates call upon POI's to ask questions to other
delegates after their speech.
2. Point of Parliamentary Inquiry: Delegates exercise this point to seek
clarification on the rules of procedure in committee or understand present
status of committee.
3. Point of Order: Delegates exercise this point when they feel the chair
has made an error in following the ROP.
4. Point of Personal Privilege: Delegates exercise this point to request
chair to make amenities within committee for their personal comfort. (Eg.
Request to change room temperature, use of washroom etc.)
Conference Day: Rules of Procedure
Formal Debate Session: Motions
Motions are main tools used in committee to dictate flow of committee.
Everything that can be brought up in a MUN, has to be motioned for with
their respective formalities. Delegates, keep in mind, both points and
motions cannot simply be raised abruptly. The standard procedure is for the
chair to call for points or motions, after which the chair will recognize
certain delegates to put forth their motion and enter subsequent voting. Here
are the important motions a committee usually deals with. Motion to
1. Move into Debate: The first thing that announces the starting of the
committee is this motion, which can be brought up by any delegate.
2. Motion to Set Agenda: This is the second formality followed after the
start, wherein delegates propose the topic of the committee, which is the
given agenda.
3. Motion to Move into Roll Call: Calls for the committee to move into
roll call, where each delegate can choose to adopt a voting stance of Present
or Present and Voting. Delegates voting present may choose to abstain from
substantive votes, while delegates choosing present and voting have to vote
either in favor or against throughout committee.
4. Motion to Move into GSL: Calls for GSL to be opened. Chair then asks
for time per speaker. GSL does not exhaust.
5. Motion to Move into a Moderated Caucus: Calls for Moderated
Caucus to be opened. The chair will then ask for the Topic, Total Speaking
Time and Time Per Speaker
Conference Day: Rules of Procedure
Formal Debate Session: Motions
6. Motion to Move into Unmoderated Caucus: Calls for the Unmoderated
Caucus to be opened, chair will then ask time for the period of the caucus.
7. Motion to move into Voting: Usually occurs towards the end of
committee when delegates call for the vote on the final document (DR).
8. Motion to Move into Recess: Occurs when delegates are given a
committee break
9. Motion to Suspend Debate: Occurs at end of first day, when formal
debate is closed until following morning.
10. Motion to Adjourn Debate: Occurs at end of conference when
committee has reached ultimatum.
11. Motion to Present Draft Resolution (DR): When delegates call for
presentation of draft resolutions.
12. Motion for Entertainment: MOE or FUNMUN, is an interactive
period for Delegates and Chair after close of formal debate.

Formal Debate Session:

Discretion During course of committee, there will arise several points of
contention and ambiguity among delegates with regards to recognition for
speaking, motions and points. However, the Chair's Discretion is a tool used
by the Dias to take executive or definitive calls with respect to any aspect
of committee and cannot be altered or subject to debate.
Conference Day: Rules of Procedure
Informal Debate Session: The Unmoderated Caucus
The Unmoderated Caucus is a period where delegates may freely move
about committee and interact with delegates. This period is not a break
and is an actively marked session in terms of diplomacy as its the most
crucial factor. Here during conference, you can walk around and discuss as
a group with your peers in an unmoderated manner. Delegates use this
session to lobby and get to know each other's stances and solutions.
Lobbying, in simple words can be defined as making friends or allies and
negotiate differences with opposition. You can also use this time of unmods
wisely to your benefit and consider forming your bloc or draft resolution in
the latter sessions.

Informal Debate Session: Blocs

A bloc, in the simplest of terms is a group of delegates that are each
other’s allies. During the conference you have to work together to come up
with solutions for the issue and countries that agree with each other's stances
are the ones that work together. Make sure that when you are forming a
bloc you are not breaching foreign policy, that is make sure you are
joining blocs made up of your country's allies. Blocs often organize their
views, try and bring up common agendas and work and present a draft
resolution acceptable to them to the rest of the delegates. A typical
committee sees two or more blocs, standing for, against or even neutral to
the agenda amidst various other complex stances. Keep in mind, while
taking the initiative to form and lead a bloc are highly marked factors, too
much division within committee would lead to an unsuccessful committee.
Try and ensure maximum votes for your bloc.
Conference Day: Rules of Procedure
Committee Elements: Right to Reply
The Right to Reply, is a subset of Points raised when a delegate feels that
their country has been verbally offended vis-à-vis a speech or comments
made by other delegates. The Right to Reply is subject to chairs approval,
however can be brought up by delegates when they feel the aforementioned.
Approval of the Right to Reply would result in mandated formal apology
amongst side repercussions.

Committee Elements: Crisis and Special Speakers List

Crisis, is an imaginary situation that can be spontaneously introduced at any
point in committee. It is often a hypothetical scenario which necessitates
urgent action of the delegates on the issue. Eg: Country X has launched
missiles on Country Y causing massive damage. This is meant to test
delegates response to impromptu thinking. Delegates will be clarified on
certain aspects of Crisis via POI's, but delegates will then be moved directly
into a Special Speakers List. A SSL is similar to GSL with the exception
that it is focused on the crisis at hand.

Committee Elements: Presidential Speeches

An alternative to SSL is the Presidential Speeches format, which calls upon
delegates to speak for a maximum of 60 seconds as the respective leader of
their government. This privilege is given to take executive actions and
solutions, which otherwise cannot be simply dictated by the delegate.
Conference Day: Rules of Procedure
Committee Elements: Voting
Voting occurs several times in committee. It can be procedural or
substantive in nature. Procedural votes are those which are used to
determine whether proposed motions to GSL's, Mods, Unmods etc. are
passed or not.
Procedural Votes require Simple Majority to pass, i.e. 50% + 1 votes of total
members present. Substantive Votes are taken on matters that require
ratification of decisions which are highly pertinent to the committee to the
agenda and committee. In MUN, this comes in the form of voting on Draft
Resolutions, wherein the document must secure 2/3rd vote of total members
present.
Delegates choosing only present during roll call are still mandated to vote
in favor or against for all procedural matters and can only abstain from
voting on Draft Resolutions. Delegates choosing ‘Present and Voting’
(preferred by the executive board) may not revert to the stance of Present,
and must vote in favor or against on all occasions. Each member carries an
equal vote in most committees.
Conference Day: Rules of Procedure
Committee Elements: Press
During course of committee, a press session may occur, wherein an
individual posing to be designated member of the International Press Corps
may subject you to a series of questions which delegates must answer. It
may occur at any point in committee, and committee is suspended during
course of press.

Committee Elements: Chits

Chits is a form of informal communication between delegates during formal
session. As cross-talk is not allowed between delegates during formal
session, chits enable you to communicate with fellow delegates. Delegates
will be provided with notepads or can themselves write chits and hand it to
a member of the EB who will pass along the chit. Chits are suspended
during voting and press session.

Committee Elements: Order of Disruption

Motions are voted in the order of most disruptive to least disruptive, i.e.
which causes greatest time impact on committee. Unmoderated caucuses
are considered most disruptive while Moderated caucuses with higher total
time is considered more disruptive. Once a motion passes, all other motions
are rendered moot and will be discarded. Delegates may bring these motions
later in committee however.
Conference Day: Rules of Procedure
The Draft Resolution
The key point of a MUN is to come up with solutions for the existing issues
and problems. We do this through a resolution which is a formal document
with a very specialized format. These are the documents that will be voted
upon and become resolutions after the voting process. Please make sure to
write the entire draft resolution in Times New Roman, Size 12. Each Bloc
makes a resolution and there are certain roles within them the first one being
a sponsor or also known as an author. Now there are usually 2 to 3
Sponsors for each resolution depending on committee strength but these
are those delegates deemed to have provided maximum contribution to the
resolution. After that comes signatories, whose implied meaning is the
delegates who are willing to see the document presented. Bloc members
asides from authors tend to be signatories for their document typically,
however delegates from other blocs can be signatories for a different
Bloc's draft resolution as well.
Resolutions are written within committee, and can only be written outside
committee with prior permission of chair. Delegates typically share a
common online document in the form of Google Docs, where multiple
delegates can work on its development. We recommend delegates to begin
with resolutions latest by end of day 1, in order to ensure smooth completion
of document.
 Conference Day: Rules of Procedure
The Draft Resolution
The Resolution, is an intricately crafted document consisting mainly of two
parts;
1. Perambulatory Clauses: These are introductory clauses to the document
which explain why the resolution has come into being, explaining the
relevance of the resolution and what it aspires to achieve. Perambulatory
Clauses, start with one of the recognized perambulatory phrases and are not
numbered. Delegates must put a comma at the end of each clause and shift
to new line for more perambulatory clauses. Keep the number of clauses
between 6-8. 1.
2. Operative Clauses: These are the core solutions that you and your bloc
offer to the committee. Each Operative clause needs to begin with a
recognized and appropriate Operative phrase and needs to be numbered
meticulously. Operative clauses can further have sub clauses and sub-sub
clauses. Delegates must put a colon at the end of each sub clause and a
semicolon at the end of each clause. We recommend a minimum of 6
Operative Clauses.

Delegates, a period (full stop) is only placed at the very end of the
document. Full Stops anywhere in the middle signify the conclusion of
the document and any contents thereafter will not be read.
Conference Day: Rules of Procedure
The Draft Resolution
After completion of resolution, the chair invites the respective bloc
representatives to read out and explain the resolutions before voting. Before
the resolution is voted upon, delegates may choose to make amendments to
the resolution. Amendments can be of the form:
[Link] of Clause
[Link] of Clause
[Link] of Clause
These amendments have to be further approved by the Sponsors of the
respective resolution. If the sponsors unanimously accept an amendment, it
is directly approved and is called a Friendly amendment. If it is not passed
by the sponsors, amendment will be subjected to a committee wide vote
which needs to pass with 2/3rds majority for approval.
(Sample DR, Preambulatory and Operative Clauses Sample Given at
end)
Conference Day: Code of Conduct
1. Respect Your Director, Assistant Directors and Fellow Delegates during
course of committee.
2. Delegates are not allowed to insult any delegate or the country they
represent. Any form of racism or biased comments will not be tolerated.
3. English, will be used as the official working language of committee.
4. Final word on any committee decision will be under the Director and this
cannot be challenged.
5. Be mindful of your language in committee. ICMUN has a formal
atmosphere. The Executive Board will not look favorably upon swearing,
outrage and any other derogatory comment.
6. Include fellow delegates in your discussions and debate. Do not try to
force yourself in committee by curtailing the speech of other delegates,
during both formal and informal debate in committee. This will be viewed
as undiplomatic and would not be held favorably with the directorate.
7. Respect the time of the committee members. Be on time for meets and
adhere to timing parameters in formal debate.
8. You are not allowed to use any electronic device during course of Formal
Debate or outside conference room, i.e., GSL's, Mods, Voting etc. All
devices are to be muted and only to be used during unmoderated
caucuses.
Conference Day: Code of Conduct
9. Pre-Writing of Draft Resolutions or any relevant document in the
committee is strictly NOT allowed.
10. Plagiarism Policy. ICMUN believes in the need for academic integrity.
As such, any plagiarism on your position papers, resolution or speeches in
committee will be viewed as highly unfavorable to the directorate.
11. Physical Aggression and Verbal Aggression is not allowed.
12. The Director and Assistant Directors are happy to clear any doubts a
delegate may have, however, during course of conference, delegates may
only contact Directorate via approved means of communication and
questions not pertaining to committee will not be entertained.
13. Any violation of Code of Conduct can be met with appropriate punitive
actions or even expulsion from conference.
14. The interpretation of such policies and punitive actions can be taken by
Director with the consultancy of the SecretaryGeneral. Secretary General
reserves the right to bar or expel delegates on mentioned grounds.
15. Dress Code is Western Business Attire
Conclusion
Delegates, MUN is a highly intricate activity and we hope that this years
ICMUN competition provides each and everyone with an exceptional
experience while working in tandem to educate the modern youth for the
growth of tomorrow.
In course of conference we hope you imbibe the aura of the meticulously
designed committees the secretariat and team of ICSK Khaitan has worked
hard to put forth. We expect you all to have found this handbook useful and
a reliable reference point. Further Queries may be cleared with our team
during orientation as well.

Sincere Regards,
ICMUN Secretary General,
Tevin Joe Thomas.
Appendix

A. Sample Position Paper

Sample position paper

B. Sample Draft Resolution

Sample Draft Resolution

Disclaimer: The following link and pasted document

have different agendas and committees, as the purpose
of sample is to merely give you a idea of documentation.
This cannot be plagiarized.
C. Preambulatory Clauses

D. Operative Clauses
ICMUN | 25-26

9th & 10th of May

Author: TEVIN JOE THOMAS