THE GRAMMAR JUNCTION
Topic: Summary Writing
What is Summary Writing?
Summary writing is the process of condensing a passage into a shorter version while keeping the main points. A
summary should be clear, concise, and include only the essential ideas.
How to Write a Good Summary?
1. Read the Passage Carefully – Understand the main idea and supporting details.
2. Identify Key Points – Find the most important information while ignoring minor details.
3. Use Your Own Words – Rephrase the content without copying the exact sentences.
4. Keep It Concise – A summary should be much shorter than the original text.
5. Maintain the Original Meaning – Do not add personal opinions or extra details.
6. Use Linking Words – Words like therefore, however, in conclusion, and as a result help maintain the flow.
Sample 1: The Amazon Rainforest, often called the "lungs of the Earth," is one of the most important ecosystems
on the planet. It produces about 20% of the world's oxygen and is home to millions of species of plants, animals,
and insects. Deforestation, caused by logging, farming, and urban expansion, is a major threat to this vital forest. As
trees are cut down, the balance of oxygen and carbon dioxide is disrupted, contributing to climate change. Efforts to
protect the rainforest include reforestation projects, strict logging regulations, and the establishment of protected
areas. Scientists and environmentalists are working to raise awareness about the importance of preserving this natural
wonder for future generations.
Summary:
The Amazon Rainforest, known as the "lungs of the Earth," provides 20% of the world's oxygen and hosts diverse
species. However, deforestation due to human activities threatens it, causing climate change. Conservation efforts
include reforestation, regulations, and awareness programs.
How It Was Summarized:
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Identified the main idea (Amazon Rainforest’s importance and deforestation threat).
Removed unnecessary details (specific causes, scientific involvement).
Kept key solutions (reforestation, regulations, awareness).
Sample 2: Technology has transformed education in recent years. With the rise of online learning platforms, students
can now access educational materials from anywhere in the world. Digital tools such as e-books, virtual classrooms,
and interactive quizzes have made learning more engaging. However, excessive reliance on technology has
drawbacks, including reduced face-to-face interaction and increased screen time, which can impact health. Teachers
now strive to balance traditional teaching methods with modern technology to create a more effective learning
environment.
Summary:
Technology has revolutionized education through online learning and digital tools. While it improves accessibility,
excessive use reduces face-to-face interaction and may harm health. Teachers aim to balance traditional and modern
teaching methods.
How It Was Summarized:
Main idea: Impact of technology on education.
Removed less critical details (specific tools, engagement factor).
Focused on key positives and negatives.
Sample 3: Regular physical exercise is crucial for maintaining good health. It strengthens the heart, improves
circulation, and helps control weight. Additionally, exercise releases endorphins, which enhance mood and reduce
stress. A sedentary lifestyle, on the other hand, increases the risk of diseases such as obesity, diabetes, and heart
conditions. Experts recommend at least 30 minutes of moderate exercise daily, such as walking, cycling, or jogging.
A balanced routine that includes both physical activity and a nutritious diet contributes to overall well-being.
Summary:
Exercise is essential for good health as it strengthens the heart, improves circulation, and boosts mood. A sedentary
lifestyle leads to diseases, so experts advise 30 minutes of daily exercise and a balanced diet.
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How It Was Summarized:
Identified key ideas (exercise benefits and risks of inactivity).
Removed examples and minor details.
Focused on the main advice (30 minutes of daily exercise).
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