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SFG 2025 | LEVEL 2 |Test 30 |

DO NOT OPEN THIS TEST BOOKLET UNTIL YOU ARE TOLD TO DO SO

T.B.C.: FIAS-SFG25-L2T30 Test Booklet Series
Test Code: 221180

A
TEST BOOKLET
GENERAL STUDIES & CSAT

Time Allowed: ONE HOUR Maximum Marks: 100

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SFG 2025 | LEVEL 2 |Test 30 |

Q.1) Consider the following pairs: b) 1 and 3 only

c) 2 and 3 only
Objects in Description
d) 1, 2 and 3
Space

1. Cepheids Clouds of dust and gas in Q.4) The term ‘juice jacking’ recently seen in
space. news best refers to:
a) A type of cyberattack that encrypts personal
2. Nebulae Stars which brighten and data, demanding ransom for decryption.
dim periodically. b) A type of cyberattack where a public USB
charging port is used to steal data or install
3. Pulsars Neutron stars that are malware on devices connected to it.
formed when massive star c) A type of cyberattack where an attacker
runs out of fuel and collapse exploits vulnerabilities in web applications by
inserting malicious SQL code into input fields
How many of the above pairs are correctly
d) A type of cyberattack to disrupt the normal
matched?
functioning of computer systems by
a) Only one
overwhelming them with a flood of traffic
b) Only two
causing services to become unavailable.
c) All three
d) None
Q.5) With reference to Kambar, the renowned
Tamil poet often referred to as Kavichakravarthy
Q.2) Consider the following statements about
Kamban (Emperor of Poets), which one of the
Optical Communication:
1. Only visible light can be used to transmit following statements is incorrect?
information via optical communication. a) He flourished during the reign of Kulothunga
2. Optical communication is more flexible and III of the Chola dynasty.
secure, when compared to radio b) He composed the Tamil epic Ramavataram.
communication. c) He was a contemporary of the celebrated
Which of the statements given above is/are Kannada poet Pampa.
correct? d) He was a Vaishnavite and was influenced by
a) 1 only the teachings of Ramanuja.
b) 2 only
c) Both 1 and 2 Q.6) With reference to Cryogenic
d) Neither 1 nor 2 engine/Cryogenic rocket stage, consider the
following statements:
1. It provides more thrust per unit of propellant
Q.3) With reference to United Nations
in comparison to earth-storable liquid
Convention Against Cybercrime, consider the
propellant rocket stage.
following statements:
2. One of the propellant used in this stage is
1. It is the first comprehensive global treaty of
kerosene instead of liquid oxygen.
United Nations on cybercrime.
Which of the statements given above is/are
2. It aims to offer technical assistance to
correct?
countries that lack adequate infrastructure in
a) 1 only
combating cybercrime.
b) 2 only
3. Presently, the UN Office on Drugs and
c) Both 1 and 2
Crimes would serve as its secretariat.
d) Neither 1 nor 2
Which of the statements given above are
correct?
a) 1 and 2 only

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SFG 2025 | LEVEL 2 |Test 30 |

Q.7) Consider the following statements about Q.10) With reference to COMPACT (Catalyzing
the Proba 3 Mission: Opportunities for Military Partnership,
1. Proba-3 spacecraft used in the mission is the Accelerated Commerce & Technology) initiative,
first dedicated commercial mission of consider the following statements:
NewSpace India Limited. Statement-I: The initiative has been recently
2. Its goal is to demonstrate precise formation launched by the joint collaboration of India and
flying, where two satellites will fly together the United States of America.
and maintain a fixed configuration in space. Statement-II: The initiative establishes a joint
Which of the statements given above is/are Indo–U.S. Special Forces Command to
correct? coordinate counter-terrorism operations across
a) 1 only South Asia.
b) 2 only Statement-III: Under this initiative, both
c) Both 1 and 2 countries aim to increase bilateral trade to
d) Neither 1 nor 2 $1000 billion by 2030.
Which one of the following is correct regarding
Q.8) In context of enhanced web security, the above statements?
consider the following statements regarding a) Both Statement-II and Statement-III are
‘CAPTCHA’: correct, and both explain Statement-I.
1. It helps keep websites safe from automated b) Both Statement-II and Statement-III are
attacks and makes online services more user- correct, but only one of them explains
friendly. Statement-I.
2. It is based on an idea called the Turing Test. c) Only one of the Statements II and III is
Which of the statements given above is/are correct, and that explains Statement-I.
correct? d) Neither Statement-II nor Statement-III is
a) 1 only correct.
b) 2 only
c) Both 1 and 2 Q.11) Consider the following actions:
d) Neither 1 nor 2 1. Detection of car crash/collision which
results in the deployment of airbags almost
Q.9) With reference to Artemis Accord,consider instantaneously
the following statements: 2. Detection of accidental free fall of a laptop
1. These were established by the United towards the ground which results in the
Nations Office for Outer Space Affairs immediate turning off of the hard drive
(UNOOSA). 3. Detection of the tilt of the smart- phone
2. These are binding agreement on space with which results in the rotation of display
financial commitments from signatory between portrait and landscape mode
nations. In how many of the above actions is the function
3. India has recently signed the accord. of accelerometer required?
Which of the statements given above is/are a) Only one
correct? b) Only two
a) 1 and 3 c) All three
b) 3 only d) None
c) 1 and 2
d) None of the above

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SFG 2025 | LEVEL 2 |Test 30 |

Q.12) With reference to Nova Explosion, 1. It connects Bluetooth-enabled devices to

consider the following statements: cloud platforms, enabling real-time data
1. As a result of it the star collapses into a black transmission between devices.
hole. 2. It can support data transmission up to 1 km
2. It is a related to collision of two neutron in line-of-sight (LOS) scenarios.
stars. Which of the statements given above are
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
correct? a) 1 only
a) 1 only b) 2 only
b) 2 only c) Both 1 and 2
c) Both 1 and 2 d) Neither 1 nor 2
d) Neither 1 nor 2
Q.17) Consider the following statements:
Q.13) Consider the following: Statement I: Sunspots experience cooler
1. It enables connectivity in remote regions temperatures than their surrounding areas on
without the need for ground towers. the Sun's surface.
2. It facilitates real-time communication during Statement II: Sunspots are formed in the areas
natural disasters. having strong magnetic fields.
3. It provides low-cost access to connectivity. Statement III: All Sunspots are located in
How many of the above presently are chromosphere layer of the Sun which is farthest
advantages of Direct-to-Device (D2D) Satellite away from the core of the sun.
Connectivity over traditional communication Which of the above is correct in respect of the
technologies? above statements?
a) Only one a) Both Statement II and Statement III are
b) Only two correct and both of them explain
c) All three Statement I.
d) None b) Both Statement II and Statement III are
correct, but only one of them explains
Q.14) Einstein ring is a ring of light around a Statement I.
form of dark matter, galaxy or cluster of c) Only one of the Statement II and III is correct
galaxies. They are named after Albert Einstein. and that explains Statement I.
Which theory of Einstein predicted that light d) Neither Statement II nor Statement III is
could bend and brighten around objects across correct.
the cosmos?
a) Special Theory of Relativity Q.18) In the context of software technology,
b) Quantum Theory of light which of the following best describes the term
c) General Theory of Relativity "Vibe Coding"?
d) Photoelectric effect a) A collaborative coding practice where
multiple programmers work simultaneously
Q.15) The ‘Right to Access to Justice’ is protected on the same codebase in real-time.
under which of the following articles of the b) An AI-assisted approach where users
Constitution of India? describe desired outcomes, and the AI
a) Article 14 and Article 19 generates the corresponding code.
b) Article 20 and Article 21 c) A coding technique where developers use
c) Article 14 and Article 21 virtual reality environments to write and
d) Article 19 and Article 20 visualize code structures.
d) A method of coding that uses musical
Q.16) Consider the following statements notation to express instructions and data.
regarding the Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE)
Gateway technology:

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SFG 2025 | LEVEL 2 |Test 30 |

Q.19) Consider the following statements 7. Shortwave radio communication of the

regarding the Square Kilometre Array (SKA) aircraft flying over polar regions could be
Observatory: interrupted.
Statement-I: The first SKA Observatory in the Select the correct answer using the code given
world has been recently established in Ladakh. below:
Statement-II: Ladakh region is characterized by a) 1, 2, 4 and 5 only
minimal light pollution and clear skies. b) 2, 3, 5, 6 and 7 only
Which one of the following is correct in respect c) 1, 3, 4, 6 and 7 only
of the above statements? d) 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 and 7
a) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are
correct and Statement-II explains Q.22) Which one of the following best describes
Statement-I the term “tidal tails” sometimes seen in news?
b) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are a) High waves formed due to tidal forces of the
correct, but Statement-II does not explain Moon.
Statement-I b) Streams of plasma ejected from the Sun's
c) Statement -I is correct, but Statement II is corona.
incorrect c) Thin streams of stars and gas formed by
d) Statement I is incorrect, but Statement II is gravitational interactions between galaxies.
correct d) Trails of dust left behind by comets in their
orbit.
Q.20) With reference to production of coffee in
India, consider the following statements: Q.23) “This quantum phenomenon refers to the
1. India is the world’s third largest producer of apparent ability of particles to instantaneously
coffee, after Brazil and Vietnam. affect each other’s states, even when separated
2. India produces a much higher quantity of by large distances. Bell’s theorem established
Arabica Coffee as compared to Robusta. this phenomenon as the nature of the quantum
3. Karnataka is the largest coffee producing world and was recognized with the 2022 Physics
State accounting for more than 50% of Nobel Prize.”
India’s total coffee production. Which of the following phenomena is best
Which of the statements given above is/are described by the above passage?
correct? a) Quantum Nonlocality
a) 2 only b) Quantum Decoherence
b) 2 and 3 c) Quantum Superposition
c) 3 only d) Quantum Tunneling
d) 1 and 3
Q.24) With reference to antimatter, consider the
Q.21) If a major solar storm (solar flare) reaches following statements:
the Earth, which of the following are the 1. It does not have any mass.
possible effects on the Earth? 2. When antimatter comes into contact with
1. GPS and navigation systems could fail. matter, they annihilate each other.
2. Tsunamis could occur at equatorial regions. 3. Presently in Universe there is an equal
3. Power grids could be damaged. amount of matter and anti matter.
4. Intense auroras could occur over much of Which of the statements given are correct?
the Earth. a) 1 and 3 only
5. Forest fires could take place over much of b) 2 and 3 only
the planet. c) 2 only
6. Orbits of the satellites could be disturbed. d) 1, 2, and 3

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SFG 2025 | LEVEL 2 |Test 30 |

Q.25) With reference to blockchain technology, c) 1 and 4 only

consider the following statements: d) 1, 2, 3 and 4
1. It is a digital ledger system that records
transactions across a network of computers. Q.28) Consider the following applications:
2. Blockchain networks rely on a central 1. Ability to detect the smell of hazardous
authority to validate transactions. chemicals.
3. Data recorded in the blockchain network 2. Low-power, high-efficiency computing in
cannot be altered without consensus from autonomous vehicles
the network. 3. Detection of anomalous activities in
Which of the statements given above is/are cybersecurity systems
correct? Which of the above can be considered as
a) 1 and 3 only possible applications of neuromorphic
b) 2 and 3 only computing?
c) 1 and 2 only a) 1 and 2 only
d) 1, 2, and 3 b) 2 and 3 only
c) 1 and 3 only
Q.26) In the context of recent developments in d) 1, 2 and 3
space science, which of the following statements
best describe the term ‘Polar Wind’? Q.29) Which one of the following statements
a) A stream of charged particles from the Sun best explains the term “Artificial Intelligence (AI)
entering Earth's poles. Washing” ?
b) A planetary magnetic storm occurring a) It refers to the process of training AI systems
around the equator. using large datasets to improve their
c) An electric field that drives atmospheric performance.
particles out from Earth's polar regions into b) It refers to the cleaning and pre-processing
space. of data before feeding it into AI models.
d) A polar jet stream in the stratosphere c) It is a deceptive practice where companies
influencing global weather systems. exaggerate or falsely claim the use of AI in
their products or services.
Q.27) With reference to the planet Mercury in d) It is a method of securing AI algorithms from
solar system, consider the following statements: cyber threats through encryption and
1. It has no atmosphere but possesses a thin firewalls.
exosphere made of particles like oxygen and
sodium. Q.30) In the context of defence technology,
2. Being closest to the Sun, it is the hottest Sonobuoys, recently seen in the news, are:
planet in the solar system. a) Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) designed
3. Amongst all the planets of the solar system, it for coastal surveillance.
takes the least time to complete one rotation b) Electro-mechanical acoustic devices used for
on its axis. detecting submarines.
4. The planet does not possess any moons or c) Underwater mines equipped with motion
rings. sensors for naval defence.
Which of the statements given above are d) Surface-to-air missile systems deployed on
correct? naval destroyers.
a) 1, 3 and 4 only
b) 2 and 3 only

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SFG 2025 | LEVEL 2 |Test 30 |

Q.31) In India, under cyber insurance for Q.34) With reference to Van Allen Radiation
individuals, which of the following benefits are Belts, consider the following statements:
generally covered, in addition to payment for 1. They are formed due to interaction between
the loss of funds and other benefits? Earth’s magnetic field and solar wind.
1. Cost of restoration of the computer system 2. They are present in the stratosphere of the
in case of malware disrupting access to atmosphere.
one’s computer. Which of the statements given above is/are
2. Cost of a new computer if some miscreant incorrect?
wilfully damages it, if proved so. a) 1 only
3. Cost of hiring a specialized consultant to b) 2 only
minimize the loss in case of cyber extortion. c) Both 1 and 2
4. Cost of defence in the Court of Law if any d) Neither 1 nor 2
third-party files a suit.
Select the correct answer using the code given Q.35) With reference to Geographical
below: Indications (GI) tags in India, consider the
a) 1, 2 and 4 only following pairs of traditional toys and their
b) 1, 3 and 4 only associated states:
c) 2 and 3 only
GI Tagged Toys Primarily
d) 1, 2, 3 and 4
associated State
Q.32) Which of the following statements best
1. Channapatna Toys Kerala
describe the term Dark Patterns?
a) Deceptive design techniques that trick users
2. Nirmal Toys Karnataka
to do actions that may not be in their best
interest. 3. Thanjavur Dolls Tamil Nadu
b) Legitimate design practices to enhance user
experience by offering highly customized 4. Kondapalli Toys Andhra Pradesh
content.
c) Visual themes used in applications to reduce How many of the pairs given above are correctly
screen glare and eye strain. matched?
d) Web links that are designed to deliver a) Only one
malware into electronic devices without the b) Only two
notice of the users. c) Only three
d) All four

Q.33) If the phosphine gas is detected in the Q.36) What is 'Plastic Ice VII', recently observed
atmosphere of an extraterrestrial planet, what by scientists?
does it most likely indicate? a) A synthetic polymer designed to mimic the
a) The planet has active volcanic eruptions properties of ice for industrial applications.
emitting sulphur-based gases. b) A newly discovered extraterrestrial mineral
b) The planet has rich deposits of Rare Earth found on the surface of Mars.
Elements. c) A new additive used in cryogenic fuels to
c) Potential presence of life on that planet. stabilize them at low temperatures.
d) The planet has high concentrations of water d) A phase of water exhibiting characteristics of
vapor conducive to rainfall. both solid ice and liquid water.

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SFG 2025 | LEVEL 2 |Test 30 |

Q.37) With reference to Space missions seen a) A technique used to train two neural
recently in news, consider the following networks to compete against each other to
information: generate more authentic new data.
Space Associated Objective b) It is the initial step in training a neural
missions agency network, where the input data is fed through
1. Dragonfly JAXA to study the the network to generate a prediction.
mission carbon-rich c) A method which is used to adjust the
asteroid parameters to each program by computing
Ryugu the difference between intended output and
2. Europa NASA to study the input at each layer.
clipper potential d) A process of transferring a trained AI model’s
habitability of knowledge to a new and related task
one of the
Jupiter's Q.40) The Eurodrone programme is a European
moons. collaborative initiative to develop an indigenous
3. Earth care ISRO to quantify unmanned aerial system. In this context, which
mission cloud- of the following countries have launched this
aerosol- programme?
radiation 1. France
interactions 2. Germany
in Earth’s 3. United Kingdom
atmosphere 4. Portugal
In how many of the rows given above is the Select the correct answer using the code given
information correctly matched? below:
a) Only one a) 1 and 2 only
b) Only two b) 1, 2 and 4
c) All three c) 2, 3 and 4
d) None d) 1, 3 and 4

Q.38) Consider the following statements Q.41) Consider the following statements:
regarding the International Space Station (ISS): A digital signature is-
1. Currently, it is the only operational space 1. an electronic record that identifies the
station orbiting Earth. certifying authority issuing it.
2. It orbits around the Earth in the Low-Earth 2. used to serve as a proof of identity of an
Orbit (LEO). individual to access information or server on
3. It remains fixed above the Equator the Internet.
throughout its orbit. 3. an electronic method of signing an electronic
Which of the statements given above is/are document and ensuring that the original
correct? content is unchanged.
a) 1 and 3 only Which of the statements given above is/are
b) 2 only correct?
c) 2 and 3 only a) 1 only
d) 1 and 2 only b) 2 and 3 only
c) 3 only
Q.39) With reference to development in Artificial d) 1, 2 and 3
Intelligence, which of the following best
describes ‘backpropagation’?

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SFG 2025 | LEVEL 2 |Test 30 |

Q.42) The term “ring plane crossing”, recently Q.46) In a party there are total of 120 Russians,
seen in the news, refers to which of the 40 Italian and some Canadian. There are two
following? dishes being served i.e. Dosa and Uttapam. Total
a) The complete shadowing of the Saturn’s 140 persons like Dosa which include exactly 40
rings during an equinox. Canadian and 30 Italian. There are 120 people
b) An alignment when the Saturn’s rings who like Uttapam. Everyone has to eat as per the
perfectly aligns with Earth’s line of sight, rules of the party i.e. every person eats what
causing them to go nearly invisible. they like, every person eats something and there
c) An alignment when the Saturn’s rings reflect is no person who eats more than one dish. What
maximum sunlight towards the Earth. is the total number of Canadians who ate
d) A rare phenomenon where asteroids interact Uttapam?
with the Saturn’s rings causing ring particles a) 60
to shift orbit. b) 70
c) 80
Q.43) It is an advanced technology that enables d) 100
the creation of a virtual replica of a physical
system such as an object, person, or process. It Q.47) A function is such that f(x) = 4x2 + px – q,
can be used to simulate and analyze real-world where both p and q are natural numbers. If f(–2)
behaviors using tools like Artificial Intelligence = 0 and 4q is divisible by 6, then what is the
and the Internet of Things. maximum possible value of (p + q)?
Which of the following technologies is described a) 27
in the above passage? b) 35
a) Virtual Reality c) 31
b) Digital Twin d) 14
c) Cyber-Physical System
d) Augmented Reality Q.48) The following questions consist of three
statements followed by three conclusions.
Q.44) Consider the following statements Consider the statements to be true even if they
regarding ISRO’s SpaDeX (Space Docking are in variance with the commonly known facts.
Experiment) mission: Read all the conclusions and then decide which
1. It is the first mission in India to be launched of the given conclusions logically follows from
by Launch Vehicle Mark 3 (LMV-3). the given statements:
2. With the success of SpaDeX, India became Statements:
fourth nation in the world to demonstrate in- 1. All apples are fruits.
space docking technology. 2. Some fruits are bananas.
Which of the statements given above is/are 3. No banana is a mango.
correct? Conclusions:
a) 1 only I. Some apples are bananas.
b) 2 only II. Some apples are mangoes.
c) Both 1 and 2 III. Some fruits are mangoes.
d) Neither 1 nor 2 Which of the above conclusions logically follows
from the above statements?
Q.45) The Hague Service Convention, recently a) Only Conclusions I and II follow
seen in the news, primarily deals with: b) Only Conclusions II and III follow
a) Settlement of international trade disputes c) All of the Conclusions I, II and III follow
b) Transmission of legal documents across d) None of the conclusions follows
countries
c) Supervision of diplomatic immunity and
privileges
d) Standardization of civil aviation safety norms

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SFG 2025 | LEVEL 2 |Test 30 |

Read the following two passages and answer and inclusivity. Technologically savvy, Gen Z is
the items that follow the passages. Your adept at navigating digital tools, automation, and
answers to these items should be based on the online platforms—skills that modern workplaces
passages only: rely on. By embracing these abilities,
organizations can foster innovation, boost
Passage I efficiency, and accelerate transformation. Gen
Horticulture is emerging as the backbone of Z’s values and digital fluency make them pivotal
Indian agriculture, driven by the nation’s diverse in shaping the future of work.
soil and agro-climatic conditions that support a
wide array of crops. This sector is labor- Q.50) Based on the above passage, the following
intensive, creating abundant job opportunities, assumptions have been made:
especially for rural communities. Small and 1. Organizations should consider hiring Gen Z
marginal farmers thrive here, as horticultural employees, as their innovative mindset can
crops yield higher returns per unit area. Amid enhance workplace efficiency.
climate concerns, horticulture has shown 2. Gen Z is often regarded as being more
remarkable resilience to droughts and extreme attuned to overall well-being compared to
weather, underscoring its importance in previous generations.
ensuring farmers’s income security. As a Which of the assumptions given above is/are
sustainable and high-reward agricultural correct?
practice, horticulture is poised to fuel India’s a) 1 only
growth while uplifting the livelihoods of b) 2 only
countless farmers. c) Both 1 and 2
d) Neither 1 nor 2
Q.49) Which of the following statements best
reflects the crux of the passage?
a) The labor-intensive nature of the
horticulture sector provides significant
employment opportunities for rural
communities.
b) India’s diverse agro-climatic conditions are
conducive to the development of
horticulture.
c) The horticulture sector will play the crucial
role in driving India’s growth.
d) By demonstrating resilience to climate
changes, the horticulture sector secures
farmers; livelihoods and drives India’s
progress.

Passage II
Gen Z grew up in homes where conversations
about equitable pay, diversity, and work-life
balance were common. Witnessing their parents’
dissatisfaction from prioritizing job security
over personal well-being, they now champion
meaningful work, competitive pay, and a healthy
work-life balance. Their ideal workplace
prioritizes mental health, emotional intelligence,

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