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Vapor Pressure and Boiling Point Calculations

The document outlines a take-home activity for a General Chemistry 2 final term, consisting of various problems related to vapor pressure lowering, boiling point elevation, freezing point depression, and osmotic pressure. Students are instructed to answer all items honestly and provide complete solutions on yellow sheets of paper. Each section includes multiple calculations involving different solutes and solvents, requiring the application of relevant formulas and constants.

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Happilyinner Kryptonite
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68 views1 page

Vapor Pressure and Boiling Point Calculations

The document outlines a take-home activity for a General Chemistry 2 final term, consisting of various problems related to vapor pressure lowering, boiling point elevation, freezing point depression, and osmotic pressure. Students are instructed to answer all items honestly and provide complete solutions on yellow sheets of paper. Each section includes multiple calculations involving different solutes and solvents, requiring the application of relevant formulas and constants.

Uploaded by

Happilyinner Kryptonite
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

General Chemistry 2

Final Term – Second Semester


TAKE-HOME ACTIVITY (Written Work 1)

General Instructions:
1. Answer all the items HONESTLY.
2. Write your complete solutions in yellow sheets of paper.

I. VAPOR PRESSURE LOWERING


1. A solution is prepared by dissolving 50.0 g of glucose (C₆H₁₂O₆) in 200.0 g of water at 25°C. The vapor pressure of
pure water at 25°C is 23.8 mmHg. Calculate the vapor pressure lowering and the vapor pressure of the solution.
2. Calculate the vapor pressure lowering when 20.0 g of NaCl is dissolved in 100.0 g of water at 100°C. The vapor
pressure of pure water at this temperature is 760 mmHg. Assume complete dissociation of NaCl.
3. A solution is made by dissolving 10.0 g of naphthalene (C₁₀H₈) in 100.0 g of benzene (C₆H₆). The vapor pressure
of pure benzene at 25°C is 95.1 mmHg. What is the vapor pressure of the solution?
4. What is the vapor pressure lowering when 15.0 g of MgCl₂ is added to 200.0 g of water at 25°C? The vapor
pressure of pure water is 23.8 mmHg. Assume complete dissociation.
5. A car radiator contains 1.0 kg of water mixed with 310 g of ethylene glycol (C₂H₆O₂, molar mass = 62 g/mol).
What is the boiling point of this solution? 𝐾b for water = 0.512∘𝐶⋅kg/mol.

II. BOILING POINT ELEVATION


1. What is the boiling point of a solution formed by dissolving 92 g of glycerol (C₃H₈O₃, molar mass = 92 g/mol) in
400 g of water? Use 𝐾b =0.512∘𝐶⋅kg/mol.
2. Dissolve 10 g of a non-electrolyte solute (molar mass = 250 g/mol) in 100 g of benzene. What is the boiling point
of the solution if benzene’s 𝐾b=2.53∘𝐶⋅kg/mol and its normal boiling point is 80.1∘𝐶?
3. What is the boiling point of a solution formed by dissolving 171 g of sucrose (C₁₂H₂₂O₁₁, molar mass = 342 g/mol)
in 600 g of water? The boiling point elevation constant of water is 𝐾b =0.512∘𝐶⋅kg/mol.
4. A solution is made by dissolving 18.2 g of mannitol (C₆H₁₄O₆, molar mass = 182 g/mol) in 150 g of water.
Calculate the boiling point of the solution. Use 𝐾b=0.512∘𝐶⋅kg/mol.
5. Determine the boiling point of a solution containing 0.2 mol of camphor (C₁₀H₁₆O) dissolved in 250 g of acetone.
The boiling point elevation constant for acetone is 𝐾𝑏=1.71∘𝐶⋅kg/mol, and its normal boiling point is 56.0∘𝐶.

III. FREEZING POINT DEPRESSION


1. A road worker adds 50.0 g of NaCl (table salt) to 500.0 g of water to melt ice. What is the new freezing point of
the solution? (Assume complete dissociation of NaCl into 2 ions, and the freezing point depression constant 𝐾f
for water is 1.86 °C·kg/mol.)
2. 2.00 g of a non-electrolyte organic compound is dissolved in 50.0 g of camphor. The freezing point of the
solution is found to be 2.50°C lower than that of pure camphor. If the molar mass of the compound is 250.0
g/mol, calculate the value of the freezing point depression constant (𝐾f) for camphor.
3. A mechanic adds 200 g of ethylene glycol (C₂H₆O₂) to 1.0 kg of water in a car radiator. What is the freezing point
of the solution? (Ethylene glycol does not ionize, 𝐾f =1.86 °C·kg/mol, molar mass = 62.08 g/mol)
4. A solution is prepared by dissolving 10.0 g of naphthalene (C₁₀H₈) in 100.0 g of benzene. Calculate the freezing
point of the solution. The freezing point depression constant 𝐾f for benzene is 5.12 °C·kg/mol. (Freezing point of
pure benzene = 5.5°C)
5. A solution is made by dissolving 125 g of ethylene glycol (C₂H₆O₂) in 500 g of water. Calculate the freezing point
of the solution. 𝐾f for water is 1.86 °C·kg/mol.

IV. OSMOTIC PRESSURE


1. A 0.2 M aqueous solution has an osmotic pressure of 4.92 atm. What is the temperature in Kelvin?
2. A solution is prepared by dissolving 0.25 mol of a nonelectrolyte solute in 1.0 L of water. What is the osmotic
pressure at 22°C?
3. A chemist wants to create a solution with an osmotic pressure of 8.0 atm at 25°C. How many moles of solute
should be dissolved in 2.0 L of water?
4. A 500 mL solution contains 0.15 mol of a non-volatile solute. What is the osmotic pressure of the solution at
10°C?
5. At what concentration (in mol/L) will a solution have an osmotic pressure of 5.0 atm at 40°C?

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