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Types of English Connectors Explained

The document outlines various types of connectors in English, detailing their functions and providing examples for each type. Connectors are categorized into 19 types, including addition, adversary, causal, comparative, and more, emphasizing their importance in enhancing coherence and complexity in both written and spoken communication. General rules for using connectors are also provided, highlighting their placement and suitability depending on the context of the text.

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0% found this document useful (0 votes)
50 views10 pages

Types of English Connectors Explained

The document outlines various types of connectors in English, detailing their functions and providing examples for each type. Connectors are categorized into 19 types, including addition, adversary, causal, comparative, and more, emphasizing their importance in enhancing coherence and complexity in both written and spoken communication. General rules for using connectors are also provided, highlighting their placement and suitability depending on the context of the text.

Uploaded by

stefaniebareiro
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

ASIGNATURA: INGLÉS 2

EJERCICIO: SEMANA 3
NOMBRE DEL PROFESOR: Sandra Ibarrola
NOMBRE DEL ESTUDIANTE: Stefanie Bareiro

PRODUCCIÓN ESCRITA.

Elabora un listado de los tipos de conectores existentes, citando la


cantidad existente de cada tipo.

What are they Hectors in English and why are they important?
Connectors in English are words or phrases with which two or more ideas can
be related. There is a great diversity of connectors thanks to the fact that there
are many forms of relational, that is, sentences can be joined to complement
each other, contradict each other, propose a cause or a conclusion, among
other functions that are explained later.
Their importance lies in the fact that they give variety and complexity to the
oral or written expression of those who use them. Therefore, they are
especially important in work or formal academic settings in general, without
forgetting that they can also be used in informal settings such as a
conversation between friends. They can also be mentioned among its
advantages that provide consistency and coherence to linguistic discourse,
both in its written and oral form.
How to use them in use phrase?
Despite the fact that each connector has its own rules, general
recommendations for all connectors
In English can be highlighted, such as:
Rule 1: Position.
Grammatical connectors can be at the beginning of the sentence, at the
end or between the two ideas that join. The decision about where the
connector occupies in the sentence is completely up to the writer. Although
there are some that , due to their characteristics, it is recommended that
they always go in one place, for example, when we list (first second, etc), it
is best to put the connector at the beginning of each sentence.
Rule 2: nouns and verbs.
After a connector we can find a noun or a gerund.
Rule 3: Congruence.
It is vitally important to use suitable connectors for the type of text we write.
If we send a whatsapp message to a friend, we can use informal
connectors. While if we write a research text we must use formal
connectors.
Types of connectors with examples:
Connectors in English are divided into 19 types.
1. Addition Connectors.
Objective: complement ideas, add information.
And: y
Second: En segundo lugar
Then / Next: Después / Luego
Also / Too: También
As well as: Además de
Moreover / Furthermore: Además / Es más
In fact / As a matter of fact: De hecho
Actually: En realidad / De hecho
Anyway: En cualquier caso / De todas formas
Besides: Además / Aparte
By the way: A propósito / Por cierto
In other words: En otras palabras
That is to say: O sea / Es decir
In addition: Además
Such as: Como / Por ejemplo
Like: Como / Por ejemplo
Above all: Sobre todo
Or rather: O / O mejor
Examples:
He was crying, then her mom appeared (Él estaba llorando,
después apareció su mamá).
She plays the piano as well as the violin, guitar and drums (Ella
toca el piano, además del violín, la guitarra y la batería).
2. Adversary Connectors.
Objective: espress contrast between ideas.
But: Pero
However: Sin embargo
Nonetheless / Nevertheless: No obstante
Yet / Even so: Sin embargo / Aun así
Still: De todas maneras
Instead: En lugar de
Whereas / While: Mientras que
On the contrary: Al contrario
On the other hand: Por otro lado
In other matters: Por otro lado
Nor: Ni
Notwithstanding: A pesar de que
While: Mientras que

Examples:
I like your dress, but I wouldn’t pay for it (Me gusta tu vestido, pero no pagaría por
él).
She has a lot of work. On the other hand, she really enjoys it (Ella tiene mucho
trabajo, por otro lado, lo disfruta)
3. Causal Connectors.
Objective: Make known the reason or start of something
 Because: Porque
 Because of: Debido a
 For: Porque
 Since: Puesto que
 As: Puesto que
 Due to / Owing to: Debido a
 In order to: Para / Con tal de
 By means of: Por medio de
 For lack of: Por falta de
 Thanks to: Gracias a
 This is the reason why: Esa es la razón de
 This is why: Es por eso
 For this reason: Por esto
Examples:
 He is sick because yesterday he was playing in the rain (Él está enfermo
porque ayer estuvo jugando en la lluvia).
 Teacher, I’ve lost my computer, this is the reason why I didn’t do
my
homework (Maestra, perdí mi computadora, por eso no hice mi tarea).
4. Comparative Connectors.
Objective: Distinguish differences and similarities of people, places or things.
 As: Como
 As… as: Tan… como
 Not as / So… as: No tan… como
 As if / As though: Como si
 Than: Que
Examples:
 When I grow up, I want to be as strong as you, mum! (¡Cuando sea grande,
quiero ser tan fuerte como tú, mamá!)
 He is so tall than he can’t cross through the doorway (Él es tan alto que no
cabe en la puerta).
5. Concessive Connectors.
Objective:
They serve to finish or round off an idea.
 Therefore: Por lo tanto
 Hence: De ahí
 Thus: Por lo tanto / Así
 So: Entonces
 Consequently: Por lo tanto / En consecuencia
Examples:
 You have shown a lot of talent and compromise in this job, and consequently
you have won a promotion (Has mostrado mucho talento y compromiso en este
trabajo, en consecuencia, te has ganado un aumento).  I have to look after my
little brother, so I can’t go with you(Tengo que cuidar a mi hermanito, entonces
no puedo acompañarte).
6. Conditional Connectors.
Objective:
Express a condition for the other idea to happen.
 If / Whether: Sí
 Unless: A menos que
 Provided / Providing / As long as: Mientras que / Siempre que
 In case: En caso
Examples:
 If you improve your grades, we will go to Paris (Si mejoras tus calificaciones,
iremos a París el próximo año).
 Unless you change your behaviour, your flatmate will be angry with you (A
menos que cambies tu comportamiento, to roomie seguirá enojada contigo)
7. Continuative Connectors.
Objective: Give more information about the main idea.
 Then: Entonces
 Moreover / Furthermore / Besides: Además / Por otra parte / Para colmo
 In addition: Además de
 Not only… but also: No solo… sino que también / Incluso
 What’s more: Más
Examples:
 Not only did she saved the puppy, but she also took it to the vet (Ella no solo
salvó a la cachorra, sino que también la llevó al veterinario).
 My parents gave me a new bicycle, in addition to my new computer (Mis
papás me dieron una nueva bicicleta, además de mi nueva computadora).
8. Copulative Connectors.
Objective: Join two ideas that complement each other.
 And: Y
 Not only… but also: No solo… sino que también
 Not only… but… as well: No sólo… sino… también
 Both… and: Tanto… como
 No sooner… than: Apenas... cuando
 Besides: Además
 Moreover: Además
 In addition to: Además de
 Furthermore: Es más
Examples:
 They took all the pancakes and then ran into the garden (Se llevaron todos los
hot cakes y luego corrieron al jardín).
 Both my sister and my cousin are travelling Europe (Tanto mi hermana como
mi prima están de viaje por toda Europa).
[Link] Connectors.
Objective: Give different options or consequences to an idea.
 Or: O
 Either… or: O… o
 Neither… nor: No… ni
 Wether… or: Si… o
 Or else: O sino
 Otherwise: De otro modo
 Not only… but… as well: No sólo… sino… también
Examples:
 She can start working at that company or go to study her PH.D. in the
university (Ella puede ir a trabajar a esa compañía o hacer un posgrado en la
universidad).  Neither your dog nor her cat can behave themselves in this
house (Ni tu perro ni el gato de ella se pueden portar bien en esta casa).
11. Functional Connectors.
Objective: Report on the cause of an event, either as a consequences or as a
condition.
 So: Entonces
 So that: Para que
 So as to: Para que / De manera que
 So as not to: Para no
 In order to: Para
Examples:
 In order to win the prize, he has been studying every night (Para ganar el
premio, él ha estado estudiando todas las noches).
 I did all my work and even yours, so you have to pay me double wait (Hice
todo mi trabajo e incluso el tuyo, entonces tienes que pagarme el doble).
[Link] Connectors.
Objective: List, describe step-by-step processes or give instructions accurate.
 First/firstly: primero/en primer lugar
 Second/secondly: segundo/en segundo lugar
 Next/then: seguidamente/luego
 After/afterwards: después de/más tarde
 In the beginning / In the end: Al principio / Al final
 At first: Al principio
 Finally/eventually: finalmente/al final
 Last but not least: por último, si bien no menos
 At the same time: al mismo tiempo
 Joined: sumado a
 Likewise: igualmente, al igual
 Meanwhile: Mientras tanto
 Nowadays: hoy en día
 Afterwards: Después / Más tarde
Examples:
 First, you have to crack the eggs; second, place them in the pan; and then
wait (En primer lugar, tienes que partir los huevos; en segundo lugar, vaciarlos
en el sartén; y luego esperar).
 You know?, not long ago, a monster lived in this house (¿Sabías que hace no
mucho tiempo, un monstruo vivió en esta casa?)
[Link] to give examples.
Objective: Reinforce a general idea with a particular case.
 For example: Por ejemplo
 For instance: Por ejemplo
 Such as: Tal como
 Like: Como
 Apart from: Aparte de
Examples:
 He always supports me, for example, yesterday he helped me edit my video
(Él siempre me apoya, por ejemplo, ayer me ayudó a editar mi video).
 Your daughter looks just like you when you were in highschool (Tu hija se ve
igualita a ti a cuando estabas en la secundaria).
[Link] to generalize.
Objective: Balance an ide through its similarities.
 Mostly: Generalmente / Usualmente
 In general: En general
Examples:
 In general, all my students are smart and creative (En general, todos mis
alumnos son inteligentes y creativos).
 Mostly, I take a nap after eating (Normalmente me echo una siesta después
de comer).
[Link] to clarify.
Objective: Explain complex ideas with simple rones.
That is to say: Es decir
 In other words: En otras palabras
 i.e. (id est): Es decir
Examples:
 The CEO will go to a business travel in three days, that is on 1st December (El
CEO se irá de viaje de negocios en tres días, es decir, el primero
de
diciembre).  I have the flu and a fever, in other words, I can’t go swimming
(Tengo gripe y temperatura, en otras palabras , no puedo ir a nadar).
[Link] to emphasize.
Objective: Highlight an element of an idea or the idea in general.
 As a matter of fact: Por cierto / De hecho
 Definitely: En efecto / Definitivamente
 Obviously: Obviamente
 Above all: Sobre todo
 Actually: De hecho
 Indeed: Es más / De hecho
 In fact: De hecho
Examples:
 In fact, I can do that with my smartphone (De hecho, yo puedo hacer eso con
mi teléfono).
 I obviously knew that, but I was testing you(Obviamente sabía eso, pero te
estaba probando).
[Link] to conclude.
Objective: Finalize and/or summarize an idea.
 In conclusion: En conclusión
 To sum up: En resumen
 In short: En resumen
 All in all: En suma, definitivamente, después de todo
 In brief: En resumen
 On the whole: En general
 Therefore / Thus / Consequently: En consecuencia / Por lo tanto
 So: Entonces
 Hence: De ahí
Examples:
 For all these reasons, in conclusion, you have to repeat the year (Por todas
esas razones, en conclusión, tienes que repetir el año).
 To sum up, all the tickets were sold in 15 minutes (En resumen, todos los
boletos se vendieron en 15 minutos).
[Link] to declare certainties.
Objective: Enphasize security about the existence of something.
 Obviously: Obviamente
 Undoubtedly: Sin duda / Indudablemente
 Surely: Seguramente
 Indeed: Verdaderamente / En realidad / En efecto
 Apparently: Claramente / Es claro  Possibly: Posiblemente
Examples:
 Surely, she will be here at 10:30 (Seguramente, ella estará aquí a las 10:30).
 You are indeed my best friend (En efecto, tú eres mi mejor amiga).
[Link] and negative Connectors.
Objective: Highlight the positive o negative side of a sentence.
 Fortunately: Afortunadamente
 Unfortunately: Desafortunadamente / Desgraciadamente
 Sadly: Desgraciadamente / Tristemente
Examples:
 Sadly, I can only go out once I'm done working on this project (Tristemente,
solo podré salir una vez que termine trabajar en este proyecto).
 He forgot his guitar, sadly, we couldn’t listen to his new songs (Se le olvidó su
guitarra, tristemente no pudimos escuchar sus nuevas canciones).

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