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Y W/L /i: Example 1-4

This document discusses the calculation of current for a MOSFET with specific parameters, comparing exact values to first-order approximations. It introduces correction factors K' and n to improve accuracy in current calculations, emphasizing the importance of these parameters in the saturation region. The document also highlights the differences between values obtained from measurements and those predicted by equations.

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31 views1 page

Y W/L /i: Example 1-4

This document discusses the calculation of current for a MOSFET with specific parameters, comparing exact values to first-order approximations. It introduces correction factors K' and n to improve accuracy in current calculations, emphasizing the importance of these parameters in the saturation region. The document also highlights the differences between values obtained from measurements and those predicted by equations.

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20 DESIGN OF ANALOG INTEGRATED CIRCUITS AND SYSTEMS

Example 1-4
Take the «MOST with Vto » 0.4 V and y = 0.86 V1/2 from Example 1-3, where
W/L = 10 and /i = 500 cm2/Vs. Calculate its current exactly and in first-order
(also in saturation) for Vgs = 3 V, Vbs = 0 V and Vds = 1 V.

Solution. This «MOST ft = 0.34 mA/V2. Its DC current is given by


Eq. (1-16) and equals 0.64 mA. Its first-order value is given by Eq. (1-17) and
equals 0.713 mA, which is larger than the actual value (0.64 mA). The actual
value is about 10 percent smaller than the first-order value. For that reason factor
0 in Eq. (1-17) could be reduced to take this difference into account. This reduction
will be included in a new parameter K', introduced later.

The first-order value Vpssat = 2.6 V. The exact value, however, can be calculated
as just explained (or from SPICE) and equals 1.92 V. This exact value is considerably
smaller than the first-order value. The exact value of Idssm = 0.82 mA. The first-order
Eq. (1-11) yields Idss& = 1-146 mA. The actual value is thus smaller than the first-
order value by as much as 23 percent. Again, factor ft in Eq. (1-17) could be reduced
to take this difference into account and carried out by introducing a new parameter
K', or by using factor n.

1-4-4 Parameters K' and n


In order to calculate the actual current by means of the simple Eq. (1-18«), a correction
factor must be added to the p/2 factor in Eq. (1-18a). This factor is replaced by a
factor K', out of which the ratio W/L is separated. The current is then given by

W
iDSsat = K'~(Vgs ~ Vt)2 (l-18b)

Note that the factor K'W/L is always smaller than factor ^/2. For small values of
y, however, their values are very close.
In general, the value of K' is obtained from measurements in the saturation region.
It provides a parabolic characteristic as shown in Fig. l-6a. It can be extracted from
the slope of the linear curve of (Zpssat)1/2 versus vgs as shown later in Fig. l-9h. The
intercept gives the value of Vr itself. For different vbs, the curve shifts to the right
(see Fig. l-6a), corresponding to larger values of Vt as given by Eq. (l-7b).
This value of Vt (extracted from Fig. I-9b) may be different from the value ob­
tained for the MOST in the linear region for very small vds- This is the same as
the difference between K'W/L and fL The value of KP used in the circuit simulator
SPICE (see Table 1-1) equals ¡iCm such that P = KPW/E. It is thus different from
K'. A list of different K's appears in Table 1-3.
An alternate way to reduce the current ¿ds is to add « as a correction factor, as
given by

fi 2 KP W
'ossat " 2n(VGS “ Vt^ = 2nT^GS ~ Vt^ (1-18c)

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