Grade 8: BIOTECHNOLOGY 1
LEARNING PLAN in BIOTECHNOLOGY
GRADE LEVEL: 8 QUARTER: SECOND
GUIDE to the FACILITATOR:
This plan is developed for you as a facilitator to guide the learner during the
conduct of this module entitled Commonly Used Microbes in Biotechnology.You
will check the specified outputs of the learner and afterwards, keep the answer sheet
with you.
You will guide/assist the learner to accomplish the following objectives which
highlight the cognitive (thinking), psychomotor (physical/kinesthetic) and affective
(social/emotional/feeling) skills. An answer sheet will be used to answer the
questions, activities, and assessments.
GUIDE to the LEARNER:
This plan is developed to guide you in your learning journey as you identify
the commonly used microbes and its importance in biotechnology. Follow the
directions in the given activities and assessment in the module entitled Commonly
Used Microbes in Biotechnology. Consult your facilitator at home as you go on with
the module. You can also contact me as your teacher on FB messenger and through
text. Please be guided with our class schedule even if you are at home.
Day No/ Objective/s NOTES TO THE FACILITATOR
Topic/Lesson
Let’s Explain the importance of 1. Make sure that the student
Understand different microorganisms in will read the selection carefully
the various field of sciences. and highlight/write down
important details in his/her
notebook.
Let’s Apply Match the terms with its
proper definition 2. All answers can be found in
the discussion (Let’s
Understand), guide students to
Let’s Analyze List down the uses of answer the questions/items
microbes in biotechnology correctly.
Let’s Familiarize some of the 3. Make sure that the student
Understand microbes commonly used in will read the selection carefully
biotechnology and highlight/write down
important details in his/her
notebook.
Let’s Apply Fill-in a table with the 4. All answers can be found in
missing information about the discussion (Let’s
microorganisms Understand), guide students to
fill-in the table correctly.
1
Grade 8: BIOTECHNOLOGY 2
BIOTECHNOLOGY
QUARTER 2 WEEK 4: COMMONLY USED MICROBES IN
BIOTECHNOLOGY
Name: _____________________Grade & Section: ____________ Score: ________
Teacher: ____________________________________ Date: _____________________
Learning Competency
Identify commonly used microbes in biotechnology
Objective
After accomplishing this module, learners will be able to identify the
commonly used microbes and its importance in biotechnology.
Let’s Understand
Microbes/micro-organisms are mostly microscopic creatures
that are placed in different groups such bacteria, fungi, protozoa, micro-algae,
and viruses. Microbes live in familiar settings such as soil, water, food, and
animal intestines, as well as in more extreme settings such as rocks, glaciers,
hot springs, and deep-sea vents. The wide variety of microbial habitats reflects
an enormous diversity of biochemical and metabolic traits that have arisen by
genetic variation and natural selection in microbial populations.
Men used some of microbial diversity in the production of fermented
foods such as bread, yogurt, and cheese. Some soil microbes release nitrogen
that plants need for growth and emit gases that maintain the critical
composition of the Earth's atmosphere.
Other microbes challenge the food supply by causing yield-reducing
diseases in food-producing plants and animals. In our bodies, different
microbes help to digest food, ward off invasive organisms, and engage in fights
and battles with the human immune system in the give-and-take of the
natural disease process.
In biotechnology these tiny, living cells are like miniature chemical
factories that produce products such as amino acids, medicines, enzymes,
and food additives.
A genome is the totality of genetic material in the DNA of a particular
organism. Genomes differ greatly in size and sequence across different
organisms. Obtaining the complete genome sequence of a microbe provides
crucial information about its biology, but it is only the first step toward
understanding a microbe's biological capabilities and modifying them leads to
breakthroughs such as improved vaccines and better disease-diagnostic tools,
improved microbial agents for biological control of plant and animal pests,
modifications of plant and animal pathogens for reduced virulence (ability to
infect or damage a host), development of new industrial substances and
fermentation organisms, and development of new microbial agents for
bioremediation of contaminated soil and water.
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Grade 8: BIOTECHNOLOGY 3
Use of microbes is an important area that promotes for advances in food
safety, food security, value-added products, human nutrition and functional
foods, plant and animal protection, and overall fundamental research in the
different field of sciences.
Let’s Apply
Directions: Match the descriptions on Column A with the correct
terms in Column A. Write the only letter of your answer. You may use
Column A Column B
1. Microscopic creatures that are placed in A. Genome
different groups such bacteria, fungi, protozoa,
micro-algae, and viruses
2. Microorganisms that release nitrogen that B. Virulence
plants need for growth
3. Chemical factories that produce products such C. Microbes
as amino acids, medicines, enzymes, and food
additives
4. Totality of genetic material in the DNA of a D. Soil microbe
particular organism
5. Ability to infect or damage a host E. Natural Selection
Let’s Analyze
Directions: List down 5 uses of microbes in biotechnology
1. ________________________________________________________________________
2. ________________________________________________________________________
3. ________________________________________________________________________
4. ________________________________________________________________________
5. ________________________________________________________________________
Let’s Understand
Some of the organisms more commonly used in biotechnology include:
Aspergillus
A type of filamentous fungus that has been used for genetic engineering in a
few cases and which is also used to produce citric acid by fermentation.
Bacillus subtilis
This Gram-positive bacterium is widely used as a cloning host, especially for
the expression of secreted proteins.
Candida utilis
A yeast used in fermentations to produce chemicals.
Clostridium acetobutylicum
A bacterium used as a source of enzymes.
Corynebacterium glutamicum
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Grade 8: BIOTECHNOLOGY 4
This is widely used in fermentation processes producing amino acids for food
supplements.
Escherichia coli
This very versatile Gram-negative bacterium is used in many biotechnological
processes. It is by far the most common host cell for recombinant DNA work.
It is also used in fermentations to make many amino acids and other products
since it grows on many very cheap fermentation substrates, grows fast, and
can be manipulated genetically to accumulate many different chemicals. It is
also very chemically versatile and quite non-pathogenic (with the exception of
a few strains which, obviously, are not used for biotechnology).
Penicillum
A group of filamentous fungi used primarily to produce penicillin antibiotics.
Pseudomonas
A group of soil bacteria that contain some extremely diverse chemical abilities,
which biotechnology has harnessed in bioremediation.
Saccharomyces
Saccharomyces cerevisiae is brewers’ and bakers’ yeast, and as such is
probably the most widely exploited microorganism. Saccharomyces are also
used in recombinant DNA work because they are eukaryotes and hence have
the same sort of genetic structure as the humans, secrete proteins in a similar
way, and so on, but are almost as easy to ferment as bacteria.
Streptomycetes
These Gram-positive bacteria are used to produce a range of chemicals,
especially antibiotics. They have also been used as the host for genetic
engineering.
Let’s Apply
Directions: Copy the table and then complete it with the missing
information about these microorganisms commonly used in biotechnology.
Microorganism Type Use
Aspergillus Fungi for genetic engineering and also used
to produce citric acid
Bacillus subtilis
Candida utilis
Clostridium
acetobutylicum
Corynebacterium
glutamicum
Escherichia coli
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Grade 8: BIOTECHNOLOGY 5
Penicillum
Pseudomonas
Saccharomyces
Streptomycetes
References:
National Institute of food and agriculture.
(n.d.). https://nifa.usda.gov/microbial-biotechnology
S Mosttafiz, M Rahman, M Rahman. Biotechnology: Role Of Microbes In
Sustainable Agriculture And Environmental Health. The Internet Journal
of Microbiology. 2012 Volume 10 Number 1.
The Benefits and Uses of Microbes. (n.d.). Edisco
Editore. https://www.edisco.it/chemistry/wp-
content/uploads/sites/47/2015/01/m4_u2_the_benefits_and_uses_of_m
icrobes.pdf
"My flesh and my heart may fail, but God is the strength of my heart and my portion
forever."
Psalm 73:26
