SEISIMAGER/DH

USER’S MANUAL
Software for the Analysis of
Borehole Seismic Data

Version 2.0
PN 770-00119-01

July 2024
 ©
Geometrics, Inc

2005, 2006, 2009, 2024

Koichi Hayashi / Craig Lippus

 TABLE OF CONTENTS

INTRODUCTION ........................................................................................................................ 1

INSTALLING THE SOFTWARE ...................................................................................................... 5

BLOCK DIAGRAM OF PROCESSING FLOW ................................................................................. 10

THE PICKWIN DOWNHOLE SEISMIC ANALYSIS MENU ............................................................... 12

Make Downhole Group (File List) ................................................................................................................. 12

Make Downhole Group (File List: Select a Folder) ........................................................................................ 20

Setup Channel Components ......................................................................................................................... 20

Polarization .................................................................................................................................................. 22
Polarize .................................................................................................................................................... 23
Set Up Parameters.................................................................................................................................... 24

View ............................................................................................................................................................. 25
Show Individual Files ........................................................................................................................... 25
Show Left and Right Shot Files ............................................................................................................. 26
Show Pre-processed Files ......................................................................................................................... 26
Show Vertical shot files ....................................................................................................................... 27
Show Monitor Trace (Left Shot) ................................................................................................................ 27
Show Monitor Trace (Right Shot) .............................................................................................................. 28
Show Monitor Trace (Vertical Shot) ........................................................................................................... 29
Show 2nd Monitor Trace (Left Shot) ........................................................................................................... 29
Show 2nd Monitor Trace (Right Shot) ......................................................................................................... 30
Show 2nd Monitor Trace (Vertical Shot) ................................................................................................. 31
Show Particle Motion........................................................................................................................... 31
Show Individual Plots of Particle Motion .............................................................................................. 33

Batch Processing .......................................................................................................................................... 34

Polarize .................................................................................................................................................... 35
Shift ......................................................................................................................................................... 35

Show Downhole Velocity Curve <Launches PSLog> ...................................................................................... 35

THE PICKWIN FILE MENU ........................................................................................................ 37

Group (File List) ............................................................................................................................................ 37

Make File List ........................................................................................................................................... 38
Make File List (Select a Folder) .................................................................................................................. 38
Open File List............................................................................................................................................ 39
Save File List (Text) ................................................................................................................................... 39
Save File List (XML) ................................................................................................................................... 40

i
Hayashi/Lippus SeisImager/DH Manual v. 2.0
P/N 770-00119-01 July 2024
 Show File List [CTRL+G]............................................................................................................................. 40
Set up Geometry ...................................................................................................................................... 41
Edit .......................................................................................................................................................... 43
Vertical Stack................................................................................................................................... 43
Import CTB Receiver Position File .................................................................................................... 43
Atom/McSEIS-MT (Neo)............................................................................................................................ 44
Open Atom/McSEIS-MT (NEO) Files and Make File List ..................................................................... 44
Launch MT-Neo Controller ............................................................................................................... 44

THE PSLOG MODULE............................................................................................................... 45

The PSLog File Menu .................................................................................................................................... 46

New [CTRL+N] .......................................................................................................................................... 47
Open XML File [CTRL+O] ..................................................................................................................... 47
Save XML File [CTRL+s] ....................................................................................................................... 48
Save XML File As ....................................................................................................................................... 48
Options .................................................................................................................................................... 49
Save Travel Time and Velocity Data in Tabular Form (.txt) ................................................................. 49
Japanese Standard Format (MLIT).................................................................................................... 51
Print [CTRL+P] .................................................................................................................................... 51
Print Preview ............................................................................................................................................ 52
Print Setup ............................................................................................................................................... 52
Exit........................................................................................................................................................... 54

The PSLog Edit Menu .................................................................................................................................... 55

Undo [CTRL+Z] ......................................................................................................................................... 55
Delete [Delete Key]................................................................................................................................... 55
Copy [CTRL+C] .......................................................................................................................................... 55
Save Display Image to a File [CTRL+I] ........................................................................................................ 56

The PSLOG View Menu ................................................................................................................................. 57

Set up X Axis [CTRL+Q] ............................................................................................................................. 57
Set up Y (Depth) Axis [CTRL+A] ................................................................................................................. 58
Meter/Feet .............................................................................................................................................. 59
Show p-Wave Logging ......................................................................................................................... 59
Show s-Wave Logging .......................................................................................................................... 61
Show First Arrival Travel Times.................................................................................................................. 63
Show Least-squares Velocity Lines ............................................................................................................ 65
Show Interval Velocity .............................................................................................................................. 67
Show Least-squares Layer Velocity ............................................................................................................ 69
Show Waveforms ............................................................................................................................ 71
Show Velocity Column ......................................................................................................................... 73
Show Text Labels.................................................................................................................................. 75
Velocity Lines .................................................................................................................................. 75
Layer Velocities ............................................................................................................................... 76
Layer Boundary Depths ................................................................................................................... 79
Show Travel Time Curve(s) .............................................................................................................. 81
Show Velocity Model(s) .................................................................................................................. 83
Status Bar ............................................................................................................................................ 85
Toolbar ................................................................................................................................................ 86

ii
Hayashi/Lippus SeisImager/DH Manual v. 2.0
P/N 770-00119-01 July 2024
 Advanced Options................................................................................................................................ 87
Set up Color .................................................................................................................................... 88
Reset Text Label Positions ................................................................................................................ 89
Text Size .......................................................................................................................................... 90
Property.......................................................................................................................................... 91

The PSLog Downhole Seismic Analysis Menu ............................................................................................... 92

Data Property ........................................................................................................................................... 92
Set up Source Geometry ........................................................................................................................... 93
Set up Layer Boundaries ........................................................................................................................... 94

Insert a New Layer Boundary (by Mouse) .......................................................................................... 98

Set up Interval Velocity ............................................................................................................................. 99
Calculate Layer Velocity .......................................................................................................................... 100

The PSLog Model Menu.............................................................................................................................. 101

Show Layered Model [CTRL+M] .............................................................................................................. 101
Calculate Static Correction ...................................................................................................................... 103
Option.................................................................................................................................................... 104
Use Same Layer Boundaries For p- and s- Velocity Models ............................................................. 104
Fix travel Time on Surface to 0 ....................................................................................................... 104

The PSLog Options Menu ........................................................................................................................... 105

Site Information ..................................................................................................................................... 105
Japanese ................................................................................................................................................ 106

The PSLog Help Menu................................................................................................................................. 106

Version Info ............................................................................................................................................ 106

PSLog Tool Buttons and Hot Keys................................................................................................................ 106

Open XML File [ ] ............................................................................................................................... 107
Save XML File [ ] ................................................................................................................................. 107
Print [ ] .............................................................................................................................................. 107
Enlarge Waveform Amplitude Tool Button [ ] and Hot Key [SHIFT+.................................................. 108
Reduce Waveform Amplitude Tool Button [ ]and Hot Key [SHIFT+ ................................................... 109
Reduce Horizontal Scale Tool Button [ ] and Hot Key [ .................................................................... 109
Enlarge Horizontal Scale Tool Button [ ] and Hot Key [→ .................................................................... 110
Enlarge Vertical Scale Tool Button [ ] and Hot Key [ .......................................................................... 111
Show p-Wave Logging Tool Button [ ]................................................................................................. 113
Show s-Wave Logging Tool Button [ ] ............................................................................................. 114
Show Travel Time Curves Tool Button [ ] ........................................................................................ 116

Show Velocity Model Tool Button [ ] ............................................................................................ 117

Show Velocity Using Mouse Tool Button [ ] .................................................................................... 119
Insert a New Layer Boundary Tool Button [ ] .................................................................................. 119
Exit Edit Mode Tool Button [ ] ........................................................................................................ 119
Select Layer Boundary Tool Button [ ]............................................................................................ 120

iii
Hayashi/Lippus SeisImager/DH Manual v. 2.0
P/N 770-00119-01 July 2024
 Wiggle Trace Tool Button [ ] .......................................................................................................... 120
Wiggle Trace (+ Side Shaded) Tool Button [ ] ................................................................................. 121
Wiggle Trace (- Side Shaded) Tool Button [ ] ................................................................................... 121
Show Waveform Tool Button [ ] ..................................................................................................... 122

Other Operations Using a Mouse ............................................................................................................... 123

Move Layer Boundary............................................................................................................................. 123
Move Text Label ..................................................................................................................................... 123

APPENDICES

Appendix: A. Data acquisition and first break picking ............................................................................................ A-1

Appendix: B. Optional acquisition and analysis method Using a trigger monitor .................................................... B-1
Appendix: C. Manual polarization ......................................................................................................................... C-1
Appendix: D. Basic processing flow ....................................................................................................................... D-1
Appendix: E. Combining p- and s-wave travel time curves and velocity models ..................................................... E-1
Appendix: F. Optional analysis for detailed processing .......................................................................................... F-1
Appendix: G. Files used in analysis ........................................................................................................................ G-1

iv
Hayashi/Lippus SeisImager/DH Manual v. 2.0
P/N 770-00119-01 July 2024
Introduction

INTRODUCTION

Welcome to SeisImager/DH! SeisImager/DH is an easy-to-use, yet powerful program that allows

you to analyze downhole seismic data obtained through various source-receiver configurations.
SeisImager/DH includes functions to perform the following basic procedures, and more.

• Input and display data.

• Control how data is displayed.
• Make changes/corrections to data files and save them.
• Handle two horizontal components of data together.
• Show two opposite-direction sources together.
• Pick first arrivals for both p- and s-waves.
• Calculate interval velocities from first arrivals.
• Display travel time curves and velocity models in graphical form.

SeisImagerTM is the master program that consists of seven modules for refraction, downhole, and
surface wave data analysis. The individual modules are PickwinTM, PlotrefaTM, WaveEqTM,
PSLogTM, SPACPlusTM, and GeoPlotTM. The Surface Wave Analysis WizardTM is not a separate
module but automatically calls on specific functions from Pickwin, WaveEq, and GeoPlot to
walk you through the analysis process. The overall structure of SeisImager is shown below:

Figure 1: SeisImager family of applications.

1
Hayashi/Lippus SeisImager/DH Manual v. 2.0
P/N 770-00119-01 July 2024
Introduction

Pickwin and PSLog are the main modules used for downhole seismic data analysis, making up
the program called SeisImager/DHTM.

For seismic refraction data analysis, Pickwin and Plotrefa make up the program called
SeisImager/2DTM. A separate manual for SeisImager/2D can be found here.

For surface wave data analysis, Pickwin, WaveEq SPAC+ and GeoPlot make up the program
called SeisImager/SWTM. A separate manual for SeisImager/SW can be found here.

Due to the overlap of Pickwin with SeisImager/DH, reference is made in this manual to the
SeisImager/2D and SeisImager/SW manuals for explanation of the common Pickwin menus.

SeisImager is available for rent in run-time periods of 40, 75, and 250 hours. The rental package
by default includes both SeisImager/2D and SeisImager/SW-2D.

Although this manual can be printed, it was designed as an online resource, and includes
many internal and external hyperlinks. It will be updated on a semi-regular basis, and a
current version will always be available for download on our site. Be sure to display the
navigation toolbar in Acrobat Reader (as of this writing, the toggle switch was F8) to simplify
navigation:

Figure 2: Acrobat Reader navigation toolbar.

If your version of Acrobat Reader does not have the above tool bar, use Alt+Left Arrow to return
to the previous view after clicking on a link.

The manual makes liberal use of color, so if you elect to print it, using color is highly
recommended. There are also links to online videos, so an internet connection is useful (these
videos are also available here and can be stored on your hard drive for offline viewing).

Finally, we are very interested in your constructive criticism of both this manual and the software
itself. Please contact us at [email protected] with any comments you might have.

Note: This is a general manual covering all features of all versions of SeisImager/SW. There are
several tiers of software available, all having different sets of features. If you see features described
in the manual which are not present in your software, it is because the level of software you
purchased does not include those features.

Note: SeisImager/SW includes many features that are very rarely used, and only then by a select
few, often only those who requested the features in the first place. The average user will generally

2
Hayashi/Lippus SeisImager/DH Manual v. 2.0
P/N 770-00119-01 July 2024
Introduction

have no need for them. In the interest of completeness, these features, although not described, are
included in this manual, with a pointer to our support email. If you see something that you think
you might wish to make use of, please contact SeisImager support.

Note: SeisImager/SW is very complex software “under the hood” and may grow unstable and give
spurious results if many different models are run in one session or if there are unit conflicts between
modules. It is therefore best to begin a new instance of the application to run new models. If the
program does exhibit instabilities, follow this procedure:

• Close all SeisImager modules.

• In the Windows search box,

Type in “SeisImager Registration.” You will see the following:

• Select View or change registration. You will be presented with the SeisImager Registration
dialog box.

• Select Advanced options (upper right) and then press Restore all modules to default settings
and then press OK.

3
Hayashi/Lippus SeisImager/DH Manual v. 2.0
P/N 770-00119-01 July 2024
Introduction

Note: Throughout this manual, you will find that certain menu items are greyed out. There are
two reasons for this. The most common is that the feature is not applicable to that dataset or that
point in time. The other reason is that some items may not be available under your license.

4
Hayashi/Lippus SeisImager/DH Manual v. 2.0
P/N 770-00119-01 July 2024
Installing the Software

INSTALLING THE SOFTWARE

The SeisImager USB stick is supplied (1) for trial evaluation of the programs, (2) for purchase,
rental, or upgrade of one or more of the programs, or (3) with purchase of an ES-3000TM,
GeodeTM, or StrataVisor NZXPTM, or AtomTM seismograph, which all include the Lite version of
SeisImager/2D. The USB contains all programs and all documentation.

Occasionally, there will be a software release in between USB releases. In this situation, the USB
will be labeled with a notice to download the latest version.

Note: Even if the USB is not labeled with instructions to do so, it is best practice to download and
install the latest software prior to installation, as SeisImager is updated frequently. The USB is
convenient, especially if you do not have an internet connection. However, if you do have an
internet connection, we highly recommend that you skip the USB for installation altogether. If you
do so, be sure to download the newest documentation as well.

Note: You must have administrator rights to install the software. After installation by an
administrator, users with lower-level privileges can use the software.

To install or update the software, click on the file named SeisImager.msi (or
SeisImager_xxxx.msi). If SeisImager is already installed on your computer, you will be
prompted to remove it or repair it. Remove the software, run SeisImager.msi again, and then
simply follow the prompts.

After the installation is complete, you will be presented with the registration screen:

5
Hayashi/Lippus SeisImager/DH Manual v. 2.0
P/N 770-00119-01 July 2024
Installing the Software

If you already have a registration ID, indicate as such, type it in, and press Register. If you do not
have an ID, click I do not have a registration ID, and send your keyword and order number or
seismograph serial number to [email protected]. You will be given a registration ID that
will enable the products that you purchased or rented. You may return to this screen later by
typing “SeisImager Registration” into the Windows search box at the lower-left of your desktop:

The programs enabled by the registration ID will be reported in a series of messages. Click OK
to accept each message.

After these messages have appeared, the register will reflect the programs that have been
registered, as shown below. In this case, Pickwin ProTM and Plotrefa ProTM are the programs that
have been registered.

6
Hayashi/Lippus SeisImager/DH Manual v. 2.0
P/N 770-00119-01 July 2024
Installing the Software

Typically, installing an upgrade of the software does not require re-registration, but if you are
upgrading from a version older than April 2007, you will need to re-register.

Once installed, the program modules can be opened directly through the desktop icons shown
below:

The Surface-wave Analysis Wizard is not a separate module but automatically calls on specific
functions from Pickwin, WaveEq, and GeoPlot to walk you through the analysis process. All of
the icons (shortcuts) will be copied to your desktop regardless of which program(s) has been
purchased or will be used. You may wish to create a folder for the various shortcuts to avoid
cluttering on your desktop. Alternatively, you may elect to simply delete the shortcuts that you
did not purchase/rent the rights to.

To begin using the software, double-click the appropriate shortcut.

7
Hayashi/Lippus SeisImager/DH Manual v. 2.0
P/N 770-00119-01 July 2024
Installing the Software

For registered installations, the module opens and is ready for use. The other registered modules
are ready for use as well.

For unregistered installations running in demonstration mode, you will be presented with the
message shown below. Press OK.

To enter a registration ID after your 15 times in demonstration mode, go to the Windows search

box (lower left) and type “SeisImager” to find the SeisImager Registration program as
shown above. Open the register and email the keyword to [email protected] with your
order number and seismograph serial number (if you purchased the software with a
seismograph), and we will reply with a registration ID to enable the version of the software you
have purchased. Once received, enter the registration ID press OK. You will see a message like
the following:

Once the software is registered, the data input dimensions of the demonstration version will be
updated to reflect the limits of the program purchased. You will see a message like the one

8
Hayashi/Lippus SeisImager/DH Manual v. 2.0
P/N 770-00119-01 July 2024
Installing the Software

below. Press OK.

This completes the description of all possible registration pathways.

As mentioned previously, the Lite version of SeisImager/2D comes free with all seismograph
purchases, so if you have purchased SeisImager/SW with a seismograph, you are also entitled to
the Lite version of SeisImager/2D. If you do not already have a license for SeisImager/2D, Lite
or otherwise, but would like to order a copy, please contact us at [email protected].

A general recommendation when using SeisImager is to close and reopen the software modules
or open a second instance of the software modules to start new, separate analyses. The programs
are efficient and quickly launch so this is easy to do and will prevent complications when
processing data.

Regarding making report graphics and documenting your data processing, SeisImager includes
the ability to print graphics to a printer or pdf, as well as save images to PNG, JPG, BMP, or GIF
format. You might also find it handy to have a screen capture program such as HyperSnap from
Hyperionics. Bitmap screen captures can be quickly and easily made at the desired stages of
processing and saved for import into Microsoft Word or other applications.

For more advanced graphics, consider Geometrics GeoPlot.

9
Hayashi/Lippus SeisImager/DH Manual v. 2.0
P/N 770-00119-01 July 2024
Block Diagram of Processing Flow

BLOCK DIAGRAM OF PROCESSING FLOW

Figure 3 shows a block diagram of downhole seismic processing using SeisImager/DH. First,
Pickwin edits waveform data and picks the first arrivals. Next, PSLog calculates velocity models
from first arrivals picked by Pickwin. Generally, the downhole seismic method measures both p-
and s-wave velocity. Sources and receivers used in downhole s- and p-wave data acquisition are
usually different and measurements of the two types of waves are performed separately.
Therefore, Pickwin and PSLog process p- and s-wave data separately and PSLog displays both
velocities together at the end.

10
Hayashi/Lippus SeisImager/DH Manual v. 2.0
P/N 770-00119-01 July 2024
Block Diagram of Processing Flow

Pickwin

Waveform data file (p) Waveform data files (s)

Read all files and make a file list

Select s-wave components

(two horizontal)
Set up receiver depth

Polarization
(rotate two horizontal components to direction of
particle motion)

Pick first arrival

Pick first arrival

PSLog

Travel time curve and Travel time curve and

interval velocity model (p) interval velocity model (s)

Fit velocity for each layer Fit velocity for each layer

p-wave analysis result s-wave analysis result

Combine p- and s-wave analysis results

Figure 3: Block diagram of downhole processing flow.

11
Hayashi/Lippus SeisImager/DH Manual v. 2.0
P/N 770-00119-01 July 2024
The Pickwin Downhole Seismic Analysis Menu

THE PICKWIN DOWNHOLE SEISMIC ANALYSIS MENU

The Downhole seismic analysis menu includes basic functions used for downhole seismic data
analysis.

Separate manuals exist for SeisImager/2D and SeisImager/SW, and due to the overlap of Pickwin
with SeisImager/DH, reference is made to the SeisImager/2D and SeisImager/SW manuals for
explanation of the common Pickwin menus.

MAKE DOWNHOLE GROUP (FILE LIST)

A downhole seismic data analysis is generally started from this menu. A file list is an inventory
of data files from any given survey and includes essential information for each waveform trace
such as the associated field file identification number and receiver location. In downhole seismic
data acquisition, multiple files are generally processed together, and the data set must be input by
making a file list.

The file list is not only used in downhole seismic data analysis but also in other seismic data
analyses such as surface wave data analysis or seismic refraction analysis. A general file list can
be made by selecting File | Group (File list) | Make file list. However, downhole seismic data
analysis requires unique information, such as source direction and receiver component, and this
information can be easily entered by selecting Downhole seismic analysis | Make downhole
group (file list).

To make a list of files, select Downhole seismic analysis | Make downhole group (file list).
Highlight the set of data files to be opened by using the Shift key to select a range of files or the
Control key to select individual files. If All files is showing for the Files of type setting, take care

12
Hayashi/Lippus SeisImager/DH Manual v. 2.0
P/N 770-00119-01 July 2024
The Pickwin Downhole Seismic Analysis Menu

not to inadvertently select non-data files as this will cause an analysis error.

Confirmation that the files have been input will be displayed; press OK.

Next, you will be prompted to set up the geometry. Fundamental survey geometry – receiver
depth and source direction pattern – must be set up here. As mentioned in previous chapters,

13
Hayashi/Lippus SeisImager/DH Manual v. 2.0
P/N 770-00119-01 July 2024
The Pickwin Downhole Seismic Analysis Menu

there are many possible source-receiver configurations in downhole seismic data acquisition.
Source-receiver configuration can be setup using this dialog box. Typical examples of setup are
explained in Appendix: A, beginning on Page A-13.

1) Survey geometry (see Appendix: A, beginning on Page A-1).

• Multiple receivers with single shot – This is typically a 12- or 24-channel hydrophone
array, recording only p-waves. Multiple depths are sampled with a single shot; all data are
recorded into a single file. See Method A, Appendix: A.1, Page A-4.
• Single receiver with multiple shots – Typically a single multi-component geophone that
must be clamped in the hole. A single depth is sampled with each shot; each shot is

14
Hayashi/Lippus SeisImager/DH Manual v. 2.0
P/N 770-00119-01 July 2024
The Pickwin Downhole Seismic Analysis Menu

recorded into a separate file. See Method B, Appendix: A.2, Page A-7, and Method C,
Appendix: A.3, Page A-13.
• Double receiver with multiple shots – See Method D, Appendix: A.4, Page A-19.
o Receiver spacing
• OYO suspension logger (P) – Data acquisition using OYO suspension. Select this for p-
wave analysis. See Method E, Appendix: A.5, Page A-25.
• OYO suspension logger (S) – Data acquisition using OYO suspension. Select this for s-
wave analysis. See Method F, Appendix: A.6, Page A-25.
2) Geometry
• Beginning receiver depth – Depth of the receiver at the beginning of the survey
• Receiver increment – The distance the receiver is moved in the hole between shots.
3) Source
• Analyze opposite source direction files together – For analyzing left and right shots
together in an s-wave measurement, check this option and select one of the following:
o Start with left (striking)
o Start with right (striking)
o Start with vertical (striking) (if appropriate box is check; see below)
• Each file includes both source directions – If left- and right-striking shots are recorded to
the same file in an s-wave measurement using “hold” or “freeze” function of the
seismograph, check this option.
4) Analyze p-wave and s-wave data together – check this option for analyzing p- and s-wave
data simultaneously. It will enable Start with vertical mentioned above.

15
Hayashi/Lippus SeisImager/DH Manual v. 2.0
P/N 770-00119-01 July 2024
The Pickwin Downhole Seismic Analysis Menu

The setup shown below is an example of a source-receiver configuration for s-wave data
acquisition using a single 3-component geophone.

16
Hayashi/Lippus SeisImager/DH Manual v. 2.0
P/N 770-00119-01 July 2024
The Pickwin Downhole Seismic Analysis Menu

Press OK and the File List dialog box will present the data files listed by file ID. Confirm ID,
Source component and receiver Depth. If the acquisition order of the source component depth is
irregular, they can be edited manually.

17
Hayashi/Lippus SeisImager/DH Manual v. 2.0
P/N 770-00119-01 July 2024
The Pickwin Downhole Seismic Analysis Menu

Confirmation of the number of receiver depths and channels is displayed, press OK.

Confirmation of the number of files is displayed, press OK.

Confirmation that the traces are input is displayed, press OK.

18
Hayashi/Lippus SeisImager/DH Manual v. 2.0
P/N 770-00119-01 July 2024
The Pickwin Downhole Seismic Analysis Menu

Waveforms for left and right shots are displayed.

19
Hayashi/Lippus SeisImager/DH Manual v. 2.0
P/N 770-00119-01 July 2024
The Pickwin Downhole Seismic Analysis Menu

MAKE DOWNHOLE GROUP (FILE LIST: SELECT A FOLDER)

This feature is identical to Make downhole group (file fist) above, except that in this case, all you
must do is choose the folder that the seismic waveform files are in. You do not need to choose
the files – all the waveform files in the folder will be read in. This is convenient when you have
many waveform files in a folder.

SETUP CHANNEL COMPONENTS

The channels which will be used for analysis must be assigned prior to picking first arrivals,
except when using multi-channel (depth) receiver (Method A).

20
Hayashi/Lippus SeisImager/DH Manual v. 2.0
P/N 770-00119-01 July 2024
The Pickwin Downhole Seismic Analysis Menu

1) Number of channels for analysis

• Set to 1 for p-wave acquisition or s-wave acquisition using a single-direction shot.

• Set to 2 for s-wave analysis using two opposing shots.
• Set to 3 for analyzing p- and s-wave data simultaneously.

2) Channel for X, Y, Z (p)

• Set the channel number for each component. Channel number must start from 0 (i.e., 0, 1,
2….).
3) Monitor and static shift

21
Hayashi/Lippus SeisImager/DH Manual v. 2.0
P/N 770-00119-01 July 2024
The Pickwin Downhole Seismic Analysis Menu

• Check Use monitor if first arrival time of trigger monitor receivers are used for shot time
shift.
• Assign a channel number to each component.
• Sometimes the first breaks themselves are difficult to pick because they are so close to zero
time. This is especially true for the geophones closest to the source. In this case, some
practitioners pick the positive peak following the first break, and then apply a time shift to
correct for the difference. If the shot time of trigger monitor has a static shift, enter that
value in Static shift so that time shift t can be automatically corrected for.

Most practitioners record pre-trigger data to make it easier to pick first breaks, rather than
picking a peak and applying a static shift. If this is the case (most common and
recommended), leave Static shift set to zero.

Press OK. Waveform traces along the borehole will be displayed. At each depth, one trace will be
shown when p-wave data is analyzed. Two traces will be shown for s-wave data with a single
shot direction, and four traces will be shown for s-wave data with opposing shots.

POLARIZATION

22
Hayashi/Lippus SeisImager/DH Manual v. 2.0
P/N 770-00119-01 July 2024
The Pickwin Downhole Seismic Analysis Menu

Polarizing s-wave traces tends to enhance the first arrivals and makes them easier to pick.
Polarization processing is automatically applied to all traces when s-wave data using two
horizontal components is analyzed. One trace will be displayed at each depth for single-direction
shots, and two traces will be displayed for opposing shots. Rotation angles of each depth are
automatically calculated by the least-squares method. When opposing sources are analyzed
together, one common rotation angle is applied to both shots. Figure 4 below is an example of
waveform data after polarization.

Figure 4: Shear wave traces after polarization.

POLARIZE

23
Hayashi/Lippus SeisImager/DH Manual v. 2.0
P/N 770-00119-01 July 2024
The Pickwin Downhole Seismic Analysis Menu

This step will polarize the traces per the parameters described in the next section.

SET UP PARAMETERS

In the above dialog box, checking Rotate left and right shots with common angle causes the
rotation angle to be calculated from both shots. Otherwise, the rotation angle is calculated
separately for each shot. This box is normally checked.

If Use time window based on first arrival is not checked, then the time window will be defined
from the beginning of the data traces. If it is checked, you must define the Window start and the
Window end.

24
Hayashi/Lippus SeisImager/DH Manual v. 2.0
P/N 770-00119-01 July 2024
The Pickwin Downhole Seismic Analysis Menu

VIEW

Several waveform display options can be selected in downhole seismic analysis.

SHOW INDIVIDUAL FILES

An original single-waveform file from a single shot is displayed. Use and buttons to scroll
through depth.

25
Hayashi/Lippus SeisImager/DH Manual v. 2.0
P/N 770-00119-01 July 2024
The Pickwin Downhole Seismic Analysis Menu

SHOW LEFT AND RIGHT SHOT FILES

Opposing shot direction files are displayed together. Use and buttons to scroll through
depth.

SHOW PRE-PROCESSED FILES

26
Hayashi/Lippus SeisImager/DH Manual v. 2.0
P/N 770-00119-01 July 2024
The Pickwin Downhole Seismic Analysis Menu

Extracted waveform traces along a borehole are displayed. If p- and s-wave data are processed
simultaneously, s-wave data will be displayed.

SHOW VERTICAL SHOT FILES

If p- and s-wave data are processed simultaneously, p-wave data will be displayed.

SHOW MONITOR TRACE (LEFT SHOT)

27
Hayashi/Lippus SeisImager/DH Manual v. 2.0
P/N 770-00119-01 July 2024
The Pickwin Downhole Seismic Analysis Menu

If the trigger monitor receiver channel for the left shot is assigned in the Setup channel
component dialog, waveform traces of the monitor channel for all depths are displayed.

SHOW MONITOR TRACE (RIGHT SHOT)

If the trigger monitor receiver channel for the right shot is assigned in the Setup channel
component dialog, waveform traces of the monitor channel for all depths are displayed.

28
Hayashi/Lippus SeisImager/DH Manual v. 2.0
P/N 770-00119-01 July 2024
The Pickwin Downhole Seismic Analysis Menu

SHOW MONITOR TRACE (VERTICAL SHOT)

If the trigger monitor receiver channel for the vertical shot is assigned in the Setup channel
component dialog, waveform traces of the monitor channel for all depths are displayed.

SHOW 2ND MONITOR TRACE (LEFT SHOT)

29
Hayashi/Lippus SeisImager/DH Manual v. 2.0
P/N 770-00119-01 July 2024
The Pickwin Downhole Seismic Analysis Menu

Self-evident.

SHOW 2ND MONITOR TRACE (RIGHT SHOT)

Self-evident.

30
Hayashi/Lippus SeisImager/DH Manual v. 2.0
P/N 770-00119-01 July 2024
The Pickwin Downhole Seismic Analysis Menu

SHOW 2ND MONITOR TRACE (VERTICAL SHOT)

Self-evident.

SHOW PARTICLE MOTION

31
Hayashi/Lippus SeisImager/DH Manual v. 2.0
P/N 770-00119-01 July 2024
The Pickwin Downhole Seismic Analysis Menu

Particle motion is a plan view of receiver motion. When analyzing s-wave data, particle motion
can be displayed at the right of the waveform display. This is a toggle switch. An example of
particle motion is shown below.

32
Hayashi/Lippus SeisImager/DH Manual v. 2.0
P/N 770-00119-01 July 2024
The Pickwin Downhole Seismic Analysis Menu

SHOW INDIVIDUAL PLOTS OF PARTICLE MOTION

Particle motion described above can be displayed larger in a separate dialog box as shown below.
The rotation angle can be manually set by using this dialog box. The time window of particle

33
Hayashi/Lippus SeisImager/DH Manual v. 2.0
P/N 770-00119-01 July 2024
The Pickwin Downhole Seismic Analysis Menu

motion for calculating rotation angle may also be set. Using this dialog box, detailed parameters
for polarization may be manually set for each trace.

BATCH PROCESSING

Batch processing can be applied to the analysis of s-wave data using a two-channel receiver
(Method D) and s-wave data using OYO suspension. In these analyses, the edited waveform can
be scrolled using the and buttons, and the traces can be polarized and time-shifted
automatically (see below).

34
Hayashi/Lippus SeisImager/DH Manual v. 2.0
P/N 770-00119-01 July 2024
The Pickwin Downhole Seismic Analysis Menu

POLARIZE

If this toggle switch is enabled, polarization (see Section 4.4.1, Page 23) is automatically applied
to scrolled waveform data.

SHIFT

Ideally, the first shear-wave arrival times will be identical for both records. However, it is often
the case that they are not – one is often shifted slightly in time. This is quite common when the
shear wave source consists of a long plank of wood or other non-point source. To correct the s-
waves to coincide at the same arrival times, select Edit/Display | Correct s-wave (See details in
Correct s-wave in the SeisImager/2D manual.)

When downhole seismic s-wave data with two receivers (such as seismic cone or OYO
suspension) and opposing sources is analyzed, Correct s-wave is automatically applied during
scrolling if the Shift toggle switch is on.

SHOW DOWNHOLE VELOCITY CURVE <LAUNCHES PSLOG>

35
Hayashi/Lippus SeisImager/DH Manual v. 2.0
P/N 770-00119-01 July 2024
The Pickwin Downhole Seismic Analysis Menu

Once the first arrivals are picked in Pickwin, the picks are held in memory for import to PSLog.
PSLog is used for detailed editing, analysis and making figures for the final report. PSLog can be
opened separately and can read in the XML file that contains first arrival data. But this single
step is the easiest way to automatically launch PSLog and import a travel time curve just picked
in Pickwin as well as the waveform traces.

To automatically launch PSLog and import the travel time curves from Pickwin, select Downhole
seismic analysis | Show downhole velocity curve <launches PSLog>.

36
Hayashi/Lippus SeisImager/DH Manual v. 2.0
P/N 770-00119-01 July 2024
The Pickwin File Menu

THE PICKWIN FILE MENU

GROUP (FILE LIST)

37
Hayashi/Lippus SeisImager/DH Manual v. 2.0
P/N 770-00119-01 July 2024
The Pickwin File Menu

The Group (File list) menu contains functions for opening, saving, and editing the file list. See
the SeisImager/2D manual for details.

MAKE FILE LIST

Do not use this item for making a file list for downhole seismic analysis. Select Downhole
seismic analysis | Make downhole group (file list) instead.

MAKE FILE LIST (SELECT A FOLDER)

38
Hayashi/Lippus SeisImager/DH Manual v. 2.0
P/N 770-00119-01 July 2024
The Pickwin File Menu

Do not use this item for making a file list for downhole seismic analysis. Select Downhole
seismic analysis | Make downhole group (file list: select a folder) instead.

OPEN FILE LIST

To open an existing file list, select Open file list.

SAVE FILE LIST (TEXT)

Do not use this menu item for downhole seismic analysis. It only applies for seismic refraction.

39
Hayashi/Lippus SeisImager/DH Manual v. 2.0
P/N 770-00119-01 July 2024
The Pickwin File Menu

SAVE FILE LIST (XML)

To save the current file list, select Save file list (XML).

SHOW FILE LIST [CTRL+G]

To show and edit the current file list, select Show file list or press CTRL+G. Source component
and receiver depth can be edited.

To edit the current file list manually using other software, such as Excel® or Notepad®, export a
list to a text file by clicking the Export button. Edit the file using Excel or Notepad and read it
again by clicking the Import button. An example of an exported text file is shown below.

40
Hayashi/Lippus SeisImager/DH Manual v. 2.0
P/N 770-00119-01 July 2024
The Pickwin File Menu

The first column is ID and the second column is receiver depth. You do not need to change the
third and fourth columns. The last column indicates source component and 0, 1 and 2 mean left,
right and vertical, respectively.

SET UP GEOMETRY

41
Hayashi/Lippus SeisImager/DH Manual v. 2.0
P/N 770-00119-01 July 2024
The Pickwin File Menu

Do not use this item for downhole seismic analysis. The downhole geometry setup menu pops up
automatically when you make a file list under Downhole seismic analysis | Make downhole
group (file list).

42
Hayashi/Lippus SeisImager/DH Manual v. 2.0
P/N 770-00119-01 July 2024
The Pickwin File Menu

EDIT

Continue.

VERTICAL STACK

This function is not applicable to downhole data.

IMPORT CTB RECEIVER POSITION FILE

43
Hayashi/Lippus SeisImager/DH Manual v. 2.0
P/N 770-00119-01 July 2024
The Pickwin File Menu

This function is not applicable to downhole data.

ATOM/MCSEIS-MT (NEO)

This function is not applicable to downhole data.

OPEN ATOM/MCSEIS-MT (NEO) FILES AND MAKE FILE LIST

This function is not applicable to downhole data.

LAUNCH MT-NEO CONTROLLER

44
Hayashi/Lippus SeisImager/DH Manual v. 2.0
P/N 770-00119-01 July 2024
The PSLog Module

This function is not applicable to downhole data.

THE PSLOG MODULE

The PSLog module calculates velocity models from first arrivals picked in Pickwin and displays
travel time curves and velocity models of downhole seismic data. Its display consists mainly of
two figures: travel time curves (travel time view) and velocity models (velocity model view).

45
Hayashi/Lippus SeisImager/DH Manual v. 2.0
P/N 770-00119-01 July 2024
The PSLog Module

Figure 5: PSLog display.

THE PSLOG FILE MENU

46
Hayashi/Lippus SeisImager/DH Manual v. 2.0
P/N 770-00119-01 July 2024
The PSLog Module

The File menu includes functions for opening and saving PSLog result files and printing. The
various functions are summarized below.

NEW [CTRL+N]

Select File | New or Ctrl+N to clear all data.

OPEN XML FILE [CTRL+O]

Select File | Open XML file, press Ctrl+O, or click on to open an analyzed result previously
saved with an xml extension.

47
Hayashi/Lippus SeisImager/DH Manual v. 2.0
P/N 770-00119-01 July 2024
The PSLog Module

SAVE XML FILE [CTRL+S]

To save your work into the same file, press File | Save XML File, press Ctrl+S, or press . A
logging data file can be saved at any time in the processing flow and will reflect the extent of
results at the time of save.

SAVE XML FILE AS

48
Hayashi/Lippus SeisImager/DH Manual v. 2.0
P/N 770-00119-01 July 2024
The PSLog Module

To save to a new XML file, select File | Save XML file as. Assign file name with the
extension .xml and click Save.

OPTIONS

SAVE TRAVEL TIME AND VELOCITY DATA IN TABULAR FORM (.TXT)

49
Hayashi/Lippus SeisImager/DH Manual v. 2.0
P/N 770-00119-01 July 2024
The PSLog Module

Choose this option to save your data in tabular ASCII format.

Assign a file name with the extension .txt and press Save. The resultant file is a simple text file
with Depth and Travel time.

50
Hayashi/Lippus SeisImager/DH Manual v. 2.0
P/N 770-00119-01 July 2024
The PSLog Module

JAPANESE STANDARD FORMAT (MLIT)

As of this writing, this option was still under development.

PRINT [CTRL+P]

To print the current PSLog display, choose Print, press Ctrl+P or press the button.

51
Hayashi/Lippus SeisImager/DH Manual v. 2.0
P/N 770-00119-01 July 2024
The PSLog Module

PRINT PREVIEW

To display the print image, choose Print preview.

PRINT SETUP

To setup printing parameters, choose Print setup.

52
Hayashi/Lippus SeisImager/DH Manual v. 2.0
P/N 770-00119-01 July 2024
The PSLog Module

53
Hayashi/Lippus SeisImager/DH Manual v. 2.0
P/N 770-00119-01 July 2024
The PSLog Module

EXIT

Select Exit to close PSLog.

54
Hayashi/Lippus SeisImager/DH Manual v. 2.0
P/N 770-00119-01 July 2024
The PSLog Module

THE PSLOG EDIT MENU

The Edit menu is used for copying the displayed image to the clipboard or to a file. It is a simple
screen-capture feature.

UNDO [CTRL+Z]

Undoes the previous operation.

DELETE [DELETE KEY]

This deletes a highlighted velocity boundary. See Section 6.8.16, Page 120.

COPY [CTRL+C]

55
Hayashi/Lippus SeisImager/DH Manual v. 2.0
P/N 770-00119-01 July 2024
The PSLog Module

This copies the displayed image to the clipboard.

SAVE DISPLAY IMAGE TO A FILE [CTRL+I]

This copies the displayed image to a file. Type in a file name and press Save.

56
Hayashi/Lippus SeisImager/DH Manual v. 2.0
P/N 770-00119-01 July 2024
The PSLog Module

THE PSLOG VIEW MENU

The View menu allows you to control what is viewed on the screen.

SET UP X AXIS [CTRL+Q]

To configure X (horizontal) axis scales on a travel time curve and velocity model, choose a
figure whose axis is to be changed by clicking the circle and index number at the left top of the
appropriate figure. Then select Setup X axis, or press CTRL+Q.

57
Hayashi/Lippus SeisImager/DH Manual v. 2.0
P/N 770-00119-01 July 2024
The PSLog Module

SET UP Y (DEPTH) AXIS [CTRL+A]

To configure the Y (depth) axis scale, select Setup Y (depth) axis or press CTRL+A. An identical
scale setting is applied to all displays.

58
Hayashi/Lippus SeisImager/DH Manual v. 2.0
P/N 770-00119-01 July 2024
The PSLog Module

METER/FEET

Select the desired unit labels by switching meter/feet. The setting is reflected in the display
labels, dialog box labels, and default values where applicable.

SHOW P-WAVE LOGGING

59
Hayashi/Lippus SeisImager/DH Manual v. 2.0
P/N 770-00119-01 July 2024
The PSLog Module

You can select the type of logging to be shown by switching between p-wave logging and s-wave
logging or by pressing the and buttons. To display p-wave logging data, check View | p-
wave logging or push the button. Examples of p- and s-wave logging display and p-wave
logging only are shown below.

Figure 6: Example showing both p- and s-wave logging.

60
Hayashi/Lippus SeisImager/DH Manual v. 2.0
P/N 770-00119-01 July 2024
The PSLog Module

Figure 7: Example of p-wave logging only.

SHOW S-WAVE LOGGING

61
Hayashi/Lippus SeisImager/DH Manual v. 2.0
P/N 770-00119-01 July 2024
The PSLog Module

To display s-wave logging data, check View | s-wave logging or push the button. An example
of an s-wave logging display is shown below.

62
Hayashi/Lippus SeisImager/DH Manual v. 2.0
P/N 770-00119-01 July 2024
The PSLog Module

SHOW FIRST ARRIVAL TRAVEL TIMES

First arrivals can be toggled on or off. The two options are displayed below:

63
Hayashi/Lippus SeisImager/DH Manual v. 2.0
P/N 770-00119-01 July 2024
The PSLog Module

Figure 8: Travel time plot with first breaks displayed (top) and omitted (bottom).

64
Hayashi/Lippus SeisImager/DH Manual v. 2.0
P/N 770-00119-01 July 2024
The PSLog Module

SHOW LEAST-SQUARES VELOCITY LINES

The least-squares velocity line can be toggled on or off. The two options are displayed below:

65
Hayashi/Lippus SeisImager/DH Manual v. 2.0
P/N 770-00119-01 July 2024
The PSLog Module

Figure 9: Travel time plot with least-squares line displayed (top) and omitted (bottom).

66
Hayashi/Lippus SeisImager/DH Manual v. 2.0
P/N 770-00119-01 July 2024
The PSLog Module

SHOW INTERVAL VELOCITY

The internal velocities can be toggled on or off. The two options are displayed below:

67
Hayashi/Lippus SeisImager/DH Manual v. 2.0
P/N 770-00119-01 July 2024
The PSLog Module

Figure 10: Velocity plot with internal velocities displayed (top) and omitted (bottom).

68
Hayashi/Lippus SeisImager/DH Manual v. 2.0
P/N 770-00119-01 July 2024
The PSLog Module

SHOW LEAST-SQUARES LAYER VELOCITY

The least-squares layer velocities can be toggled on or off. The two options are displayed below:

69
Hayashi/Lippus SeisImager/DH Manual v. 2.0
P/N 770-00119-01 July 2024
The PSLog Module

Figure 11: Velocity plot with least-squares layer velocities displayed (top) and omitted (bottom).

70
Hayashi/Lippus SeisImager/DH Manual v. 2.0
P/N 770-00119-01 July 2024
The PSLog Module

SHOW WAVEFORMS

The waveforms can be toggled on or off. The two options are displayed below. Waveform data
can be imported to PSLog from Pickwin when you launch PSLog from Pickwin by selecting
Downhole seismic analysis | Show downhole velocity curve <launches PSLog>. Imported
waveforms cannot be edited in PSLog.

71
Hayashi/Lippus SeisImager/DH Manual v. 2.0
P/N 770-00119-01 July 2024
The PSLog Module

Figure 12: Travel time plot with waveforms displayed (top) and omitted (bottom).

72
Hayashi/Lippus SeisImager/DH Manual v. 2.0
P/N 770-00119-01 July 2024
The PSLog Module

SHOW VELOCITY COLUMN

The velocity column can be toggled on or off. The two options are displayed below. This column
can display velocity, Poisson’s Ratio, density, and the shear and Young’s moduli. In order to
display elastic moduli, densities of layers must be entered by selecting Model | Show layered
model in PSLog (see Section 6.5.1, Page 101).

73
Hayashi/Lippus SeisImager/DH Manual v. 2.0
P/N 770-00119-01 July 2024
The PSLog Module

Figure 13: Velocity plot with velocity column displayed (top) and omitted (bottom).

74
Hayashi/Lippus SeisImager/DH Manual v. 2.0
P/N 770-00119-01 July 2024
The PSLog Module

SHOW TEXT LABELS

Continue.

VELOCITY LINES

The text labels for the velocity lines can be toggled on or off. The two options are displayed
below:

75
Hayashi/Lippus SeisImager/DH Manual v. 2.0
P/N 770-00119-01 July 2024
The PSLog Module

Figure 14: Travel time plot with velocity line text labels displayed (top) and omitted (bottom).

LAYER VELOCITIES

76
Hayashi/Lippus SeisImager/DH Manual v. 2.0
P/N 770-00119-01 July 2024
The PSLog Module

The text labels for the layer velocities can be toggled on or off. The two options are displayed
below:

77
Hayashi/Lippus SeisImager/DH Manual v. 2.0
P/N 770-00119-01 July 2024
The PSLog Module

Figure 15: Velocity plot with layer velocity text labels displayed (top) and omitted (bottom).

78
Hayashi/Lippus SeisImager/DH Manual v. 2.0
P/N 770-00119-01 July 2024
The PSLog Module

LAYER BOUNDARY DEPTHS

The text labels for the layer boundary depths can be toggled on or off. The two options are
displayed below:

79
Hayashi/Lippus SeisImager/DH Manual v. 2.0
P/N 770-00119-01 July 2024
The PSLog Module

Figure 16; Velocity plot with layer boundary depth text labels displayed (top) and omitted (bottom).

80
Hayashi/Lippus SeisImager/DH Manual v. 2.0
P/N 770-00119-01 July 2024
The PSLog Module

SHOW TRAVEL TIME CURVE(S)

Travel time curve(s) (waveforms) can be toggled on or off. The two options are displayed below:

81
Hayashi/Lippus SeisImager/DH Manual v. 2.0
P/N 770-00119-01 July 2024
The PSLog Module

Figure 17: Travel time curve displayed (top) and omitted (bottom).

82
Hayashi/Lippus SeisImager/DH Manual v. 2.0
P/N 770-00119-01 July 2024
The PSLog Module

SHOW VELOCITY MODEL(S)

Velocity model(s) can be toggled on or off. The two options are displayed below:

83
Hayashi/Lippus SeisImager/DH Manual v. 2.0
P/N 770-00119-01 July 2024
The PSLog Module

Figure 18: Velocity model displayed (top) and omitted (bottom).

84
Hayashi/Lippus SeisImager/DH Manual v. 2.0
P/N 770-00119-01 July 2024
The PSLog Module

STATUS BAR

The Status bar, displayed at the bottom of the screen and shown below, can be toggled on and off.

85
Hayashi/Lippus SeisImager/DH Manual v. 2.0
P/N 770-00119-01 July 2024
The PSLog Module

TOOLBAR

The Toolbar, displayed at the top of the display and shown below, can be toggled on and off.

86
Hayashi/Lippus SeisImager/DH Manual v. 2.0
P/N 770-00119-01 July 2024
The PSLog Module

ADVANCED OPTIONS

87
Hayashi/Lippus SeisImager/DH Manual v. 2.0
P/N 770-00119-01 July 2024
The PSLog Module

SET UP COLOR

Display color may be customized as desired. Feel free to experiment with the color scheme until
you find one that is pleasing.

88
Hayashi/Lippus SeisImager/DH Manual v. 2.0
P/N 770-00119-01 July 2024
The PSLog Module

RESET TEXT LABEL POSITIONS

Text label positions are set automatically at the onset but can be moved using your mouse.
Selecting View> Reset text label positions will move all text labels back to their original default
positions.

89
Hayashi/Lippus SeisImager/DH Manual v. 2.0
P/N 770-00119-01 July 2024
The PSLog Module

TEXT SIZE

Choose a text size that works for you.

90
Hayashi/Lippus SeisImager/DH Manual v. 2.0
P/N 770-00119-01 July 2024
The PSLog Module

PROPERTY

This feature affects the appearance of the velocity log and is best understood by experimentation.

91
Hayashi/Lippus SeisImager/DH Manual v. 2.0
P/N 770-00119-01 July 2024
The PSLog Module

THE PSLOG DOWNHOLE SEISMIC ANALYSIS MENU

The Downhole seismic analysis menu contains functions for analysis travel time data.

DATA PROPERTY

Indicate which type of data you wish to analyze, p-wave or s-wave.

92
Hayashi/Lippus SeisImager/DH Manual v. 2.0
P/N 770-00119-01 July 2024
The PSLog Module

SET UP SOURCE GEOMETRY

The source geometry is assigned when the data is imported from Pickwin. To see or modify the
source geometry, select Downhole seismic analysis | Setup source geometry.

Enter the Source offset from the hole and the Elevation difference between the source and the
ground surface at the hole. Elevation difference must be positive if the source is higher than the
top of the borehole.

93
Hayashi/Lippus SeisImager/DH Manual v. 2.0
P/N 770-00119-01 July 2024
The PSLog Module

SET UP LAYER BOUNDARIES

Indicate the Number of layers (up to 20) in the model and the Boundary depth, i.e., the depth to
the top of each layer, from shallow to deep. The velocity of each layer is automatically calculated
from the travel time data by the least-squares method. When Fix layer boundary depth is
checked, velocity lines obtained by the least-squares method will cross exactly at the assigned
depth. This is illustrated in Figure 19 below.

94
Hayashi/Lippus SeisImager/DH Manual v. 2.0
P/N 770-00119-01 July 2024
The PSLog Module

Figure 19: Illustration of Fix layer boundary depth. In the top figure, this parameter is enabled, forcing the slope
change of the least-squares line to occur at the assigned boundary depth. In the bottom figure, the parameter is not
enabled, and the least-squares line does not coincide with the assigned boundary layer depth.

Note that when data is imported from Pickwin, Number of layers defaults to 1. Part of the
interpretation process is assigning a reasonable number of model layers, based partly on the
calculated interval velocities, without over-interpreting the data. As you add layers, the velocity
model will increasingly approximate the interval velocities. It is generally best to enable Fix
layer boundary depth in this process. This is best illustrated by example; see the figures below.

95
Hayashi/Lippus SeisImager/DH Manual v. 2.0
P/N 770-00119-01 July 2024
The PSLog Module

Figure 20: Single-layer interpretation of data.

Figure 21: T-wo layer interpretation of data.

96
Hayashi/Lippus SeisImager/DH Manual v. 2.0
P/N 770-00119-01 July 2024
The PSLog Module

Figure 22: Three-layer interpretation of data.

Figure 23: Four-layer interpretation of data. As the number of layers increases, the model matches the interval
velocities to a greater and greater degree. The number of layers you assign depends on your confidence level in the
interval velocity model. This is similar to assigning layers in refraction, and as a geophysicist you must take care not
to over-interpret your data.

97
Hayashi/Lippus SeisImager/DH Manual v. 2.0
P/N 770-00119-01 July 2024
The PSLog Module

INSERT A NEW LAYER BOUNDARY (BY MOUSE)

To insert new layer boundary, select Insert new layer boundary (by mouse) or click and then
click the depth at which you would like to insert the new layer.

Figure 24: Inserting a new layer using the mouse.

98
Hayashi/Lippus SeisImager/DH Manual v. 2.0
P/N 770-00119-01 July 2024
The PSLog Module

SET UP INTERVAL VELOCITY

The interval velocities are calculated between each pair of travel times and are shown on the
velocity model view. If you wish, you may smooth the interval velocity plot by including more
travel times in the calculation of each interval velocity; this is effectively a median filter. The
more travel times included in the filter, the smoother the result. The number of travel times (or
“intervals’) included must be odd and start from 1 (“1” means that no filter is applied). Applying
a filter can be helpful in assigning layers to the model and is illustrated below.

99
Hayashi/Lippus SeisImager/DH Manual v. 2.0
P/N 770-00119-01 July 2024
The PSLog Module

Figure 25: Application of a median filter to interval velocity data.

CALCULATE LAYER VELOCITY

In general, layer velocities are automatically calculated when parameters are changed. When in
doubt, select Calculate layer velocity.

100
Hayashi/Lippus SeisImager/DH Manual v. 2.0
P/N 770-00119-01 July 2024
The PSLog Module

THE PSLOG MODEL MENU

The Model menu contains functions for editing an existing velocity model.

SHOW LAYERED MODEL [CTRL+M]

101
Hayashi/Lippus SeisImager/DH Manual v. 2.0
P/N 770-00119-01 July 2024
The PSLog Module

To view and edit a velocity model, select Show layered model. The density of each layer can be
set with this function. Density is used for calculating shear modulus (G) and Young’s modulus
(E), each of which can be shown in the velocity column (see Section 6.3.11, Page 73).

102
Hayashi/Lippus SeisImager/DH Manual v. 2.0
P/N 770-00119-01 July 2024
The PSLog Module

CALCULATE STATIC CORRECTION

This option calculates a static correction for reflection analysis. Enter the depth to the datum
plane, and the static correction based on measured velocities will be provided in msec. An
example for s-wave data is shown below.

103
Hayashi/Lippus SeisImager/DH Manual v. 2.0
P/N 770-00119-01 July 2024
The PSLog Module

OPTION

USE SAME LAYER BOUNDARIES FOR P- AND S- VELOCITY MODELS

This feature forces p- and s-wave velocities to coincide. If only one profile has a velocity
boundary, it creates a boundary at the same depth in the other profile.

FIX TRAVEL TIME ON SURFACE TO 0

This forces the travel time curve to go through the origin, i.e., zero time at zero depth.

104
Hayashi/Lippus SeisImager/DH Manual v. 2.0
P/N 770-00119-01 July 2024
The PSLog Module

THE PSLOG OPTIONS MENU

The Options menu includes data and display settings.

SITE INFORMATION

Site coordinates and name can be stored in an XML file. Negative latitude means southern
hemisphere and negative longitude means west of the Prime Meridian.

105
Hayashi/Lippus SeisImager/DH Manual v. 2.0
P/N 770-00119-01 July 2024
The PSLog Module

JAPANESE

The program language can be converted between English and Japanese. Obviously, this is not
recommended unless you want to use the software in Japanese and have the necessary version of
Windows. If strange symbols appear in various places, it is likely that the language is not set to
English and Windows is unable to render the program in Japanese.

THE PSLOG HELP MENU

VERSION INFO

Click on Version info.to display the PSLog Version number:

PSLOG TOOL BUTTONS AND HOT KEYS

Figure 26: PSLog Tool Buttons

106
Hayashi/Lippus SeisImager/DH Manual v. 2.0
P/N 770-00119-01 July 2024
The PSLog Module

PSLog includes numerous tool buttons and “hot keys”, which are detailed below. Some have
been mentioned before. You should experiment with them to understand how they work.

OPEN XML FILE [ ]

Use this button to open an XML file generated by Pickwin. It is the same as selecting File | Open
XML file [CTRL+O].

SAVE XML FILE [ ]

This button saves your work as an XML file. It is the same as selecting File | Save XML file
[CTRL+S].

PRINT [ ]

Pressing the Print button will display the Print dialog:

Choose your print preferences and press OK; whatever is on the display will be printed. This is
the same as selecting File | Print.

107
Hayashi/Lippus SeisImager/DH Manual v. 2.0
P/N 770-00119-01 July 2024
The PSLog Module

ENLARGE WAVEFORM AMPLITUDE TOOL BUTTON [ ] AND HOT

KEY [SHIFT+

The “Enlarge waveform amplitude” tool button increases the amplitude of all of the traces on the
display. You may also use the keyboard shortcut [Shift+].

108
Hayashi/Lippus SeisImager/DH Manual v. 2.0
P/N 770-00119-01 July 2024
The PSLog Module

REDUCE WAVEFORM AMPLITUDE TOOL BUTTON [ ]AND HOT KEY

[SHIFT+

The “Reduce waveform amplitude” tool button decreases the amplitude of all of the traces on the
display. You may also use the keyboard shortcut [Shift+].

REDUCE HORIZONTAL SCALE TOOL BUTTON [ ] AND HOT KEY [

The “Reduce horizontal scale” tool button decreases the length of the horizontal (time) axis. The
left-arrow key () on the keyboard accomplishes the same thing.

109
Hayashi/Lippus SeisImager/DH Manual v. 2.0
P/N 770-00119-01 July 2024
The PSLog Module

ENLARGE HORIZONTAL SCALE TOOL BUTTON [ ] AND HOT KEY

[→

The “Enlarge horizontal scale” tool button increases the length of the horizontal (time) axis. The
right-arrow key (→) on the keyboard accomplishes the same thing.

110
Hayashi/Lippus SeisImager/DH Manual v. 2.0
P/N 770-00119-01 July 2024
The PSLog Module

ENLARGE VERTICAL SCALE TOOL BUTTON [ ] AND HOT KEY [

The “Enlarge vertical scale” tool button increases the length of the vertical (depth) axis. Pressing
the up-arrow key () on the keyboard accomplishes the same thing.

111
Hayashi/Lippus SeisImager/DH Manual v. 2.0
P/N 770-00119-01 July 2024
The PSLog Module

Reduce Vertical Scale Tool Button [ ] and Hot Key [

The “Reduce vertical scale” tool button decreases the length of the vertical (depth) axis. Pressing
the down-arrow key () on the keyboard accomplishes the same thing.

112
Hayashi/Lippus SeisImager/DH Manual v. 2.0
P/N 770-00119-01 July 2024
The PSLog Module

SHOW P-WAVE LOGGING TOOL BUTTON [ ]

Pressing the “Show p-wave logging” button displays the p-wave model:

113
Hayashi/Lippus SeisImager/DH Manual v. 2.0
P/N 770-00119-01 July 2024
The PSLog Module

SHOW S-WAVE LOGGING TOOL BUTTON [ ]

Pressing the “Show s-wave logging” button displays the s-wave model:

114
Hayashi/Lippus SeisImager/DH Manual v. 2.0
P/N 770-00119-01 July 2024
The PSLog Module

Note: Both models can be displayed simultaneously by activating both the and buttons:

115
Hayashi/Lippus SeisImager/DH Manual v. 2.0
P/N 770-00119-01 July 2024
The PSLog Module

SHOW TRAVEL TIME CURVES TOOL BUTTON [ ]

Pressing the “Show travel time curves” button will toggle the travel time curve display to the left
of the velocity model:

116
Hayashi/Lippus SeisImager/DH Manual v. 2.0
P/N 770-00119-01 July 2024
The PSLog Module

SHOW VELOCITY MODEL TOOL BUTTON [ ]

Pressing the “Show velocity model” will toggle the velocity model(s). In the below figure it has
been toggled off, and all that is displayed is the travel time curve.

117
Hayashi/Lippus SeisImager/DH Manual v. 2.0
P/N 770-00119-01 July 2024
The PSLog Module

118
Hayashi/Lippus SeisImager/DH Manual v. 2.0
P/N 770-00119-01 July 2024
The PSLog Module

SHOW VELOCITY USING MOUSE TOOL BUTTON [ ]

Pressing the “Show velocity using mouse” button enters a mode in which you can click and drag
the mouse on the waveform plot and the velocity of the line you draw will be displayed:

INSERT A NEW LAYER BOUNDARY TOOL BUTTON [ ]

You may insert a layer boundary into the model by pressing the button and then left-clicking
on the velocity model. You may move the layer by dragging it. The least-squares travel time curve
will be updated automatically.

EXIT EDIT MODE TOOL BUTTON [ ]

Whenever you press the , , or buttons, you have entered an “edit” mode. You can

119
Hayashi/Lippus SeisImager/DH Manual v. 2.0
P/N 770-00119-01 July 2024
The PSLog Module

ascertain whether you are in an edit mode by looking at the button. If it is illuminated, you are
in edit mode. If it is not illuminated ( ), then you are not. To exit the edit mode, press .

Note: If you are in an edit mode, you may also exit by simply pressing , , or a second
time.

SELECT LAYER BOUNDARY TOOL BUTTON [ ]

Delete any boundary by pressing and then left-clicking on the boundary and pressing the
Delete key or by selecting Edit | Delete.

WIGGLE TRACE TOOL BUTTON [ ]

The “Wiggle trace” tool button displays the waveform data in the form of a simple wiggle trace,
with no shading of peaks or trough. An example is shown below:

Figure 27: Example of simple wiggle trace display.

120
Hayashi/Lippus SeisImager/DH Manual v. 2.0
P/N 770-00119-01 July 2024
The PSLog Module

WIGGLE TRACE (+ SIDE SHADED) TOOL BUTTON [ ]

This button shades in the positive peaks of the waveform:

Figure 28: Example of wiggle trace display with positive excursions shaded.

WIGGLE TRACE (- SIDE SHADED) TOOL BUTTON [ ]

Finally, pressing will shade the negative excursions:

121
Hayashi/Lippus SeisImager/DH Manual v. 2.0
P/N 770-00119-01 July 2024
The PSLog Module

Figure 29: Example of wiggle trace display with negative excursions shaded.

SHOW WAVEFORM TOOL BUTTON [ ]

The “Show waveform” button toggles the waveform display on/off:

122
Hayashi/Lippus SeisImager/DH Manual v. 2.0
P/N 770-00119-01 July 2024
The PSLog Module

OTHER OPERATIONS USING A MOUSE

MOVE LAYER BOUNDARY

Existing layer boundaries be moved with the mouse. Simply left-click on the boundary and drag
to the desired level. The appropriate least-squares travel time segment will be updated
automatically.

MOVE TEXT LABEL

Some text labels can be moved with the mouse. Left-click on the label to highlight it, then drag it
to the desired position.

123
Hayashi/Lippus SeisImager/DH Manual v. 2.0
P/N 770-00119-01 July 2024
The PSLog Module

124
Hayashi/Lippus SeisImager/DH Manual v. 2.0
P/N 770-00119-01 July 2024
The PSLog Module

APPENDICES

125
Hayashi/Lippus SeisImager/DH Manual v. 2.0
P/N 770-00119-01 July 2024
Data acquisition and first break picking

APPENDIX: A. DATA ACQUISITION AND FIRST BREAK PICKING

There are many source-receiver configurations and data acquisition methodologies that can be
used for downhole seismic data acquisition. Pickwin and PSLog are very general and can
accommodate nearly any configuration or methodology. Several of the most common are
discussed in the following sections.

First, a word on nomenclature. The term “receiver”, in this context, can mean a single
hydrophone (for measuring p-waves in a water-filled hole), or more commonly, one or more
geophones at a common depth. For instance, a common two-receiver borehole geophone
(“double” in our nomenclature) may contain four components: two orthogonal horizontal (s-
wave) geophones at one depth and two orthogonal horizontal geophones at another depth:

A-1
Hayashi/Lippus SeisImager/DH Manual v. 2.0
P/N 770-00119-01 July 2024
Data acquisition and first break picking

Figure A-1: Common two-receiver, two-component borehole geophone assembly.

This is the most common configuration of a “cone penetrometer”, a tool containing geophones
that is pushed into the ground when a borehole is unavailable Method D, Appendix: A.4, Page A-
19).

Another common type of borehole geophone assembly is the tri-axial geophone, which contains
three orthogonal geophones or components: V, H1, and H2. In this configuration, the three
geophones are commonly clustered closely together, and the receiver spacing is generally
considered to be zero.

A-2
Hayashi/Lippus SeisImager/DH Manual v. 2.0
P/N 770-00119-01 July 2024
Data acquisition and first break picking

Figure A-2: Tri-axial geophone assembly.

A-3
Hayashi/Lippus SeisImager/DH Manual v. 2.0
P/N 770-00119-01 July 2024
Data acquisition and first break picking

Appendix: A.1 Method A: p-wave data using a multi-channel hydrophone

array

If a borehole is filled with water, then using a multi-channel hydrophone array is the easiest way to obtain downhole
p-wave data (Figure A-3). This data acquisition method results in one waveform data file (generally 12 or 24 traces)
for each shot (Figure A-4). The processing flow is very simple and is illustrated in Figure A-5.

Figure A-3: p-wave data acquisition using a multi-channel, multi-depth hydrophone array (Method A).

A-4
Hayashi/Lippus SeisImager/DH Manual v. 2.0
P/N 770-00119-01 July 2024
Data acquisition and first break picking

Figure A-4: Schematic of p-wave data obtained by multi-channel hydrophone array (Method A). Analysis uses a single
multi-trace waveform file for each shot.

A-5
Hayashi/Lippus SeisImager/DH Manual v. 2.0
P/N 770-00119-01 July 2024
Data acquisition and first break picking

Pickwin

Waveform data file (p)

Open waveform file

File | Open waveform (SEG2) file

Set up receiver depth and increment

Edit/Display | Edit source/receiver locations

Pick first-arrivals
Pick first-arrivals | Pick first breaks

Show travel time curve with PSLog

Downhole seismic analysis | Show downhole velocity curve
<launches PSLog>

PSLog

Travel time curve

Figure A-5: Processing flow of p-wave data obtained by multi-channel hydrophone array (Method A). Up to and
including the picking of first arrivals, it is identical to the processing of a single refraction shot.

A-6
Hayashi/Lippus SeisImager/DH Manual v. 2.0
P/N 770-00119-01 July 2024
Data acquisition and first break picking

Appendix: A.2 Method B: p-wave data using a single-channel vertical

geophone

If the borehole is not filled with water, the geophone assembly must be fixed to the borehole wall
by a clamp (Figure A-6). A borehole geophone with clamp generally has three orthogonal
components (H1, H2 [for s-waves], and V [for p-waves]) – see Figure A-2 – and data acquisition
must be done at each depth individually. After each set of hammer swings (stacks), the geophone
assembly must be unclamped, lowered or raised to the next level, and re-clamped.

In this section, we will consider only the vertical component, because we are measuring p-waves
only. As such, Figure A-6 shows only a single vertical geophone to avoid confusion.

Precise shot time is key in this configuration. It is therefore recommended that a separate
geophone be placed on the ground surface and used for monitoring the shot time. Data
acquisition results in a single waveform file (containing, in this case, a single p-wave waveform
along with the monitor trace) for each shot, as illustrated in Figure A-7 (only the p-wave traces
are shown). In the analysis, Pickwin opens all the files at once, extracts the needed traces,
displays them as a common shot gather, and picks the first arrivals. The processing flow is shown
in Figure A-8.

A-7
Hayashi/Lippus SeisImager/DH Manual v. 2.0
P/N 770-00119-01 July 2024
Data acquisition and first break picking

Figure A-6: p-wave data acquisition using a single-channel receiver, in this case a clamped vertical geophone (Method
B).

A-8
Hayashi/Lippus SeisImager/DH Manual v. 2.0
P/N 770-00119-01 July 2024
Data acquisition and first break picking

Waveform data file for 1st

depth.

Measurement
Waveform data file for
2nd depth.

Measurement

Measurement

Measurement

Measurement

Measurement

Figure A-7: p-wave data obtained by single-channel vertical receiver, in this case a clamped vertical geophone
(Method B). Analysis uses one waveform file containing a single trace for each shot.

A-9
Hayashi/Lippus SeisImager/DH Manual v. 2.0
P/N 770-00119-01 July 2024
Data acquisition and first break picking

Pickwin Waveform data file

(P: Depth = 0m)

Waveform data file

(P: Depth = 1m)

Waveform data file

(P: Depth = 2m)

.
Open waveform files and set up receiver depth and configuration .
Downhole seismic analysis | Make downhole group (file list)
.
Set parameters as shown in dialog box in Error! Reference
source not found. (Beginning receiver depth and Receiver
increment may be different).

Select two components (X and Y)

Downhole seismic analysis | Setup channel components
(Error! Reference source not found.)

Save waveform data as a common shot file (optional)

File | Save waveform (SEG2) file

Edited common-shot
Pick first arrivals waveform data file
Pick first-arrivals | Pick first breaks

Show travel time curve with PSLog

Downhole seismic analysis | Show downhole velocity curve
<launches PSLog>

PSLog
Travel time curve

Figure A-8: Processing flow of p-wave data obtained for single-channel receiver (Method B).

A-10
Hayashi/Lippus SeisImager/DH Manual v. 2.0
P/N 770-00119-01 July 2024
Data acquisition and first break picking

Figure A-9: Geometry parameters for Method B.

A-11
Hayashi/Lippus SeisImager/DH Manual v. 2.0
P/N 770-00119-01 July 2024
Data acquisition and first break picking

Figure A-10: Channel components for Method B.

A-12
Hayashi/Lippus SeisImager/DH Manual v. 2.0
P/N 770-00119-01 July 2024
Data acquisition and first break picking

Appendix: A.3 Method C: s-wave data using a single two-component (two-

channel) horizontal (s-wave) geophone

Shear-waves cannot propagate in water (or air) and horizontal (“shear-wave”) geophones must be
fixed to the borehole by a wall clamp for data acquisition (Figure A-11).

Note: This is a different reason from the one requiring the clamping of the vertical (p-wave)
geophone in Method B. p-waves do travel through water and air; a p-wave phone is clamped for
seismic coupling purposes, not because of propagation limitations.

As above (Method B), precise shot time is a key in this configuration, and it is recommended that
a separate geophone be fixed on the ground surface near or on the plank and used for monitoring
the shot time.

A “shear beam” (such as a railroad tie) coupled with a sledgehammer is a common form of s-
wave energy source.

Note: Railroad ties can be purchased at landscape supply outlets. They can endure many impacts
because they are impregnated with creosote. A standard 6x6 or 8x8 purchased at a lumber
company will splinter badly after a few strikes. A railroad tie is therefore highly recommended.

It is strongly recommended that you strike both ends of the shear beam so that waveform traces
with opposite polarity can be observed. Data acquisition results in many waveform files as
shown in Figure A-12. At each depth, one waveform file containing two orthogonal horizontal
components (H1 and H2) and the monitor trace are obtained. In the analysis, Pickwin opens all
files at once and extracts the intended traces. Polarization is applied to the two horizontal
components and the two traces are rotated in the direction of particle motion. The processing
flow is shown in Figure A-13.

A-13
Hayashi/Lippus SeisImager/DH Manual v. 2.0
P/N 770-00119-01 July 2024
Data acquisition and first break picking

Figure A-11: Acquisition of s-wave data using a single two-component (channel) horizontal (s-wave) geophone
Method C).

A-14
Hayashi/Lippus SeisImager/DH Manual v. 2.0
P/N 770-00119-01 July 2024
Data acquisition and first break picking

Waveform data file for X component

1st depth (Left strike)
Y component

X component
Waveform data file for
1st depth (Right strike) Y component

Measurement

Waveform data file for X component

2nd depth (Left strike)
Y component

X component
Waveform data file for
2nd depth (Right strike)
Y component

Measurement

X component

Y component

X component

Y component

Figure A-12: s-wave data obtained by a two-component geophone (Method C). In this case, a separate file containing
H1 and H2 (plus the monitor geophone – not shown) is acquired for every strike of the hammer.

A-15
Hayashi/Lippus SeisImager/DH Manual v. 2.0
P/N 770-00119-01 July 2024
Data acquisition and first break picking

Pickwin
Waveform data file Waveform data file
(S: Left Depth = 0m) (S: Right Depth = 0m)

Waveform data file Waveform data file

(S: Left Depth = 1m) (S: Right Depth = 1m)

Waveform data file Waveform data file

(S: Left Depth = 2m) (S: Right Depth = 2m)

Open waveform files and setup receiver depth and configuration

. Downhole seismic analysis | Make downhole group (file list)
Set parameters as shown in dialog box in Figure 17 (Beginning .
. receiver depth and Receiver increment may be different). .
. .
. .
Select two components (X and Y)
Downhole seismic analysis | Setup channel components
(Figure 18)

Polarization
Downhole seismic analysis | Polarization

Save waveform data as a common shot file

File | Save waveform (SEG2) file

Common shot waveform

data file (left and right)

Pick first arrivals

Pick first-arrivals | Pick first breaks

Show travel time curve with PSLog

Downhole seismic analysis | Show downhole velocity curve
<launches PSLog>

PSLog Travel time curve

Figure A-13: Processing flow for s-wave data obtained by a two-component geophone (Method C, analyzing left-and
right-striking data together).

A-16
Hayashi/Lippus SeisImager/DH Manual v. 2.0
P/N 770-00119-01 July 2024
Data acquisition and first break picking

Figure A-14: Geometry parameters for Method C.

A-17
Hayashi/Lippus SeisImager/DH Manual v. 2.0
P/N 770-00119-01 July 2024
Data acquisition and first break picking

Figure A-15: Channel components for Method C.

A-18
Hayashi/Lippus SeisImager/DH Manual v. 2.0
P/N 770-00119-01 July 2024
Data acquisition and first break picking

Appendix: A.4 Method D: s-wave data acquisition using a cone penetrometer

(strike in opposite directions)

A downhole seismic test can be performed without a borehole using a cone penetrating probe, or
“cone penetrometer”. A downhole seismic test using a cone penetrometer is called a “seismic
cone test”. One or two sets of orthogonal horizontal geophones are installed in the probe.
Analysis using a cone penetrometer with one set of geophones is the same as Method B or
Method C. It is recommended that a separate geophone is fixed on the ground surface and used
for monitoring the shot time. If the cone penetrometer has two sets of geophones (Figure A-16: s-
wave data acquisition using a two-channel receiver (Method D, strike in opposite directions).), travel time can
be obtained as the difference of the first arrival times. Travel times can be precisely determined,
and accurate shot time is not needed so that the geophone for shot-time monitoring is not
necessary.

A-19
Hayashi/Lippus SeisImager/DH Manual v. 2.0
P/N 770-00119-01 July 2024
Data acquisition and first break picking

Left hitting

Right hitting

Seismic cone etc.

s-wave

Particle motion
(perpendicular to propagation)

Horizontal 2-
component sensor

Figure A-16: s-wave data acquisition using a two-channel receiver (Method D, strike in opposite
directions).
A-20
Hayashi/Lippus SeisImager/DH Manual v. 2.0
P/N 770-00119-01 July 2024
Data acquisition and first break picking

Figure A-17: Acquisition of s-wave data using a cone penetrometer (Method D, strike in opposite directions).

The processing flow is shown in Figure A-18 below:

A-21
Hayashi/Lippus SeisImager/DH Manual v. 2.0
P/N 770-00119-01 July 2024
Data acquisition and first break picking

Figure A-18: Processing flow of cone penetrometer data (Method D).

A-22
Hayashi/Lippus SeisImager/DH Manual v. 2.0
P/N 770-00119-01 July 2024
Data acquisition and first break picking

Figure A-19: Geometry parameters for Method D.

A-23
Hayashi/Lippus SeisImager/DH Manual v. 2.0
P/N 770-00119-01 July 2024
Data acquisition and first break picking

Figure A-20: Channel components for Method D.

A-24
Hayashi/Lippus SeisImager/DH Manual v. 2.0
P/N 770-00119-01 July 2024
Data acquisition and first break picking

Appendix: A.5 Method E: OYO Suspension (P)

p-waveform data obtained by OYO Suspension can be processed by SeisImager/DH. Source-

receiver geometry is similar to the configuration described in Method D, except that the source is
placed beneath the vertical geophones.

Appendix: A.6 Method F: OYO Suspension (S)

s-waveform data obtained by OYO suspension can also be processed by SeisImager/DH. Again,
source-receiver geometry is similar to the configuration described in Method D, except that the
source is placed beneath the horizontal geophones.

A-25
Hayashi/Lippus SeisImager/DH Manual v. 2.0
P/N 770-00119-01 July 2024
Optional acquisition and analysis method Using a trigger monitor

APPENDIX: B. OPTIONAL ACQUISITION AND ANALYSIS METHOD

USING A TRIGGER MONITOR

In Methods B and C, waveforms at each depth must be acquired separately and the shot time
must be very accurate. The accuracy of the trigger depends on the seismograph. The trigger may
not be accurate enough in some seismographs. To confirm an accurate shot time, the use of a
trigger monitor receiver can be effective. The trigger monitor geophone is connected to a channel
of the seismograph and pre-trigger data must be recorded. The configuration of the trigger
monitor geophone along with an example of a short record are shown in Figure B-1. Analysis
using the trigger monitor receiver is described later in Section Appendix: F.1, Page F-1.

B-1
Hayashi/Lippus SeisImager/DH Manual v. 2.0
P/N 770-00119-01 July 2024
Optional acquisition and analysis method Using a trigger monitor

Trigger

Geophone for monitor

Horizontal two-component
sensor

Source= 0.0m Time (msec)

0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 200 220 240 260 280 300 320 340 360 380 400 420

0 Vertical
Horizontal (X)
Channel number

2 Horizontal (Y)
3
First arrival Monitor
sxck2410.sg2

Monitor must be identical

Source= 0.0m Time (msec)
0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 200 220 240 260 280 300 320 340 360 380 400 420

Vertical
0

Horizontal (X)
Channel number

1
Horizontal (Y)
2

First arrival Monitor

3

sxck2422.sg2

Figure B-1: Configuration of trigger monitor receiver and example of a shot record (vertical component
not shown in schematic).

B-2
Hayashi/Lippus SeisImager/DH Manual v. 2.0
P/N 770-00119-01 July 2024
Manual polarization

APPENDIX: C. MANUAL POLARIZATION

It is generally difficult to set the direction of the horizontal geophones in the borehole during the
data acquisition of s-waves except when using a seismic cone penetrometer. Therefore, two
orthogonal horizontal receivers are used for data acquisition and two traces are rotated in
processing so that the direction parallel to the shot is obtained. This processing step is called
“Polarization”. As it is difficult to know the directions of the geophone axes in the borehole,
SeisImager/DH guesses the angle of direction by the following procedure:

1) Plot the particle motion from two orthogonal waveform traces.

2) Calculate a straight line passing through the origin using the least-squares method.
3) If there are waveforms for two opposing sources (left-and right-striking), both waveform
directions can be handled together.

Figure C-1 shows an example of particle motion. With the default setting, SeisImager/DH
obtains the rotation angle automatically by the least-squares method. Sometimes, the appropriate
rotation angle cannot be automatically obtained. In this case, SeisImager/DH can also be used to
determine the rotation angle manually.

C-1
Hayashi/Lippus SeisImager/DH Manual v. 2.0
P/N 770-00119-01 July 2024
 Manual polarization

350
Time (msec)
400 450 500 550 600
Waveform traces
650 700 750 800 850

X: Cha No.=2 Y: Cha. No.=4 Time (msec)

0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 500 550 600 650 700 750 800 850

21
Depth (m)

22

: Left hitting source : X Component

: Left hitting source : Y Component
: Right hitting source : X Component
: Right hitting source : Y Component
sxck2401.sg2-sxck2458.sg2

Particle motion
Y

: Particle motion of left hitting

: Particle motion of right hitting
: Direction of rotation

Figure C-1: Example of particle motion.

C-2
Hayashi/Lippus SeisImager/DH Manual v. 2.0
P/N 770-00119-01 July 2024
Basic processing flow

APPENDIX: D. BASIC PROCESSING FLOW

Appendix: D.1 Method A: p-wave data using a multi-channel hydrophone

array

1) Select Downhole seismic analysis | Make downhole group (file list).

D-1
Hayashi/Lippus SeisImager/DH Manual v. 2.0
P/N 770-00119-01 July 2024
Basic processing flow

2) Select a single file.

D-2
Hayashi/Lippus SeisImager/DH Manual v. 2.0
P/N 770-00119-01 July 2024
Basic processing flow

3) Select Multiple receivers with single shot and setup Beginning receiver depth and Receiver
increment.

4) The waveform data will be displayed.

D-3
Hayashi/Lippus SeisImager/DH Manual v. 2.0
P/N 770-00119-01 July 2024
Basic processing flow

Channel number=0 Time (msec)

0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 500 550 600 650 700 750 800 850 900 950 1000 1050

0
10
20

30
40
50
60

70
80
90
100

110
120
130
140
Depth (m)

150
160
170
180

190
200
210
220

230
240
250
260

270
280
290

300

P_example.sg2

5) Pick first arrivals by selecting Pick first arrivals | Pick first breaks manually or Pick first
arrivals | Pick first breaks automatically.

D-4
Hayashi/Lippus SeisImager/DH Manual v. 2.0
P/N 770-00119-01 July 2024
Basic processing flow

Channel number=0 Time (msec)

0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 500 550 600 650 700 750 800 850 900 950 1000 1050

0
10
20

30
40
50
60

70
80
90
100

110
120
130
140
Depth (m)

150
160
170
180

190
200
210
220

230
240
250
260

270
280
290

300

P_example.sg2

6) Select Downhole seismic analysis | Show downhole velocity curve <launches PSLog> to
show the travel time curve.

7) Enter Source offset and Elevation difference (see Section 6.4.2, Page 93, for details).

D-5
Hayashi/Lippus SeisImager/DH Manual v. 2.0
P/N 770-00119-01 July 2024
Basic processing flow

8) Select p- or s-wave.

A travel time curve and a velocity model are shown by PSLog.

D-6
Hayashi/Lippus SeisImager/DH Manual v. 2.0
P/N 770-00119-01 July 2024
Basic processing flow

D-7
Hayashi/Lippus SeisImager/DH Manual v. 2.0
P/N 770-00119-01 July 2024
Basic processing flow

9) Edit first arrival picks and click the red star in Pickwin, and the travel time curve and
velocity model will be automatically updated.

10) Calculation of interval velocity can be changed by selecting Downhole seismic analysis |
Setup interval velocity.

D-8
Hayashi/Lippus SeisImager/DH Manual v. 2.0
P/N 770-00119-01 July 2024
Basic processing flow

11) Set the Number of intervals calculating velocity.

Increasing the number makes the interval velocity curve smoother (see Section 6.4.5, Page 99,
for details).

Traveltime(msec) Velocity(m/sec)

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120 130 140 150 160 170 180 0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200 1400 1600 1800 2000 2200 2400
0

50

100

150 1617m/s
Y

1617m/s

200

250

300
:P-wave

D-9
Hayashi/Lippus SeisImager/DH Manual v. 2.0
P/N 770-00119-01 July 2024
Basic processing flow

12) At first, a one-layer model is assumed, and the least-squares velocity is shown. To increase
the number of layers, select Setup layer boundaries.

13) Edit Number of layers and setup Boundary depth (see Section 6.4.3, Page 94, for details).

D-10
Hayashi/Lippus SeisImager/DH Manual v. 2.0
P/N 770-00119-01 July 2024
Basic processing flow

The updated travel time curve and velocity model will be displayed.

Traveltime(msec) Velocity(m/sec)

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120 130 140 150 160 170 180 0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200 1400 1600 1800 2000 2200 2400
0
531m/s 531m/s
5m 5m

1659m/s 1659m/s

50
50m 50m

100

1706m/s 1706m/s

150
Y

170m 170m

200

1754m/s 1754m/s

250

300
:P-wave

D-11
Hayashi/Lippus SeisImager/DH Manual v. 2.0
P/N 770-00119-01 July 2024
Basic processing flow

14) At the end of the analysis, save the list of waveform files, source-receiver configuration and
first arrivals into an XML file with Pickwin, and save travel time curves and layer velocities
into another XML file with PSLog.

In Pickwin, use File | Group (File list) | Save file list (XML) to save the XML file. Extension
must be .xml.

In PSLog, use File | Save XML file or Save XML file as to save the XML file. Extension must
be .xml.

D-12
Hayashi/Lippus SeisImager/DH Manual v. 2.0
P/N 770-00119-01 July 2024
Basic processing flow

D-13
Hayashi/Lippus SeisImager/DH Manual v. 2.0
P/N 770-00119-01 July 2024
Basic processing flow

Appendix: D.2 Method B: p-wave data using a single-channel receiver

1) In Pickwin, select Downhole seismic analysis | Make downhole group (file list).

2) Select all files to be processed.

D-14
Hayashi/Lippus SeisImager/DH Manual v. 2.0
P/N 770-00119-01 July 2024
Basic processing flow

3) Setup Beginning receiver depth and Receiver increment.

Select Single receiver with multiple shots. Uncheck any other check boxes.

D-15
Hayashi/Lippus SeisImager/DH Manual v. 2.0
P/N 770-00119-01 July 2024
Basic processing flow

If data acquisition proceeds from the top to the bottom of the borehole, set Beginning receiver
depth to the shallowest depth and a positive value to Receiver increment.

If data acquisition proceeds from the bottom to the top of the borehole, set Beginning receiver
depth to the deepest depth and a negative value to Receiver increment.

D-16
Hayashi/Lippus SeisImager/DH Manual v. 2.0
P/N 770-00119-01 July 2024
Basic processing flow

4) Edit the receiver depth as needed.

The waveform data for the file will be displayed shown.

Depth= 0.0m Time (msec)

0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 500 550 600 650 700 750 800 850

2
Channel number

sxck2458.sg2

5) Select the component to be used by selecting Downhole seismic analysis | Setup channel
components.

D-17
Hayashi/Lippus SeisImager/DH Manual v. 2.0
P/N 770-00119-01 July 2024
Basic processing flow

D-18
Hayashi/Lippus SeisImager/DH Manual v. 2.0
P/N 770-00119-01 July 2024
Basic processing flow

6) Select the components to be used in the dialog box. In this case, set Number of channels for
analysis to 1 and set Channel for X to the appropriate channel number index (channel number
index starts from 0).

D-19
Hayashi/Lippus SeisImager/DH Manual v. 2.0
P/N 770-00119-01 July 2024
Basic processing flow

The waveform data will be shown as common shot gather.

X : cha No.=4 Time (msec)

0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 500 550 600 650 700 750 800 850

10

11

12

13
Depth (m)

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

21

22

23

24

25

26

27

28

sxck2458.sg2

7) See Page D-4 for picking first arrivals, editing and assigning layers.

D-20
Hayashi/Lippus SeisImager/DH Manual v. 2.0
P/N 770-00119-01 July 2024
Basic processing flow

Appendix: D.3 Method C: s-wave data using a single multi-channel

geophone

1) Select Downhole seismic analysis | Make file list for downhole.

2) Select all files to be processed.

D-21
Hayashi/Lippus SeisImager/DH Manual v. 2.0
P/N 770-00119-01 July 2024
Basic processing flow

3) Setup geometry.

a) Select Single receiver with multiple shots).

b) Check Analyze opposite direction shots together.
c) In this case, source direction (left or right) has no important meaning, and you can just
select Left.

D-22
Hayashi/Lippus SeisImager/DH Manual v. 2.0
P/N 770-00119-01 July 2024
Basic processing flow

4) Edit receiver Depth and Source direction as necessary.

D-23
Hayashi/Lippus SeisImager/DH Manual v. 2.0
P/N 770-00119-01 July 2024
Basic processing flow

5) The waveform data for one depth (left and right shots) is displayed. You can scroll through
the geophones using and .

Depth= 5.0m Time (msec)

0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 500 550 600 650 700 750 800 850

Y component (perpendicular to shots) :2cha

1

2
Channel number

X component (parallel to shots) :4cha

6

: Left shot
: Right shot
sxck2458.sg2

6) Select the component to be used by selecting Downhole seismic analysis | Setup channel
components.

D-24
Hayashi/Lippus SeisImager/DH Manual v. 2.0
P/N 770-00119-01 July 2024
Basic processing flow

7) Set Number of channels for analysis to 2. Then set Channel for X and Channel for Y to the
appropriate channel number indices (channel number index starts from 0).

D-25
Hayashi/Lippus SeisImager/DH Manual v. 2.0
P/N 770-00119-01 July 2024
Basic processing flow

8) The components selected to be processed will be shown. X-components are shown as black
(left) and blue (right) and Y-components are shown as green (left) and purple.

X: Cha No.=2 Y: Cha. No.=4 Time (msec)

0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 500 550 600 650 700 750 800 850

10

11

12

13
Depth (m)

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

21

22

23

24

25

26

27

28

: Left hitting source : X Component

: Right hitting source : X Component
: Left hitting source : Y Component
: Right hitting source : Y Component
sxck2458.sg2

D-26
Hayashi/Lippus SeisImager/DH Manual v. 2.0
P/N 770-00119-01 July 2024
Basic processing flow

Particle motion of each depth is shown at the right of the traces (if toggled on, see Section 4.5.11,
Page 31).

X: Cha No.=2 Y: Cha. No.=4 Time (msec)

0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 500

2
Depth (m)

: Left hitting source : X Component

: Right hitting source : X Component
: Left hitting source : Y Component
: Right hitting source : Y Component
sxck2401.sg2-sxck2458.sg2

D-27
Hayashi/Lippus SeisImager/DH Manual v. 2.0
P/N 770-00119-01 July 2024
 Basic processing flow

9) Select Downhole seismic analysis | Polarization for rotating two components. Rotated waveform
data (left and right shots) will be displayed.

X: Cha No.=2 Y: Cha. No.=4 Time (msec)

0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 500 550 600 650 700 750 800 850

10

11

12

13
Depth (m)

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

21

22

23

24

25

26

27

28

: Left hitting source : X Component

: Right hitting source : X Component
sxck2401.sg2-sxck2458.sg2

D-28
Hayashi/Lippus SeisImager/DH Manual v. 2.0
P/N 770-00119-01 July 2024
Basic processing flow

10) Pick first breaks by selecting Pick first arrivals | Pick first breaks automatically or Pick first
breaks manually.

X: Cha No.=2 Y: Cha. No.=4 Time (msec)

0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 500 550 600 650 700 750 800 850

10

11

12

13
Depth (m)

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

21

22

23

24

25

26

27

28

: Left hitting source : X Component

: Right hitting source : X Component
sxck2401.sg2-sxck2458.sg2

D-29
Hayashi/Lippus SeisImager/DH Manual v. 2.0
P/N 770-00119-01 July 2024
Basic processing flow

11) Select Downhole seismic analysis | Show downhole velocity curve <launches PSLog> to
show the travel time curve.

12) Enter Source offset and Elevation Difference (see Section 6.4.2, Page 93, for details).

13) Select s-wave.

D-30
Hayashi/Lippus SeisImager/DH Manual v. 2.0
P/N 770-00119-01 July 2024
Basic processing flow

D-31
Hayashi/Lippus SeisImager/DH Manual v. 2.0
P/N 770-00119-01 July 2024
Basic processing flow

A travel time curve and a velocity model will be displayed.

14) Edit first arrivals as needed and click the red star to update the model.

D-32
Hayashi/Lippus SeisImager/DH Manual v. 2.0
P/N 770-00119-01 July 2024
Basic processing flow

15) At first, a one-layer model is assumed and a least-squares velocity is shown. To increase the
number of layers, select Setup layer boundaries.

16) Edit Number of layers and setup Boundary depth.

D-33
Hayashi/Lippus SeisImager/DH Manual v. 2.0
P/N 770-00119-01 July 2024
Basic processing flow

The updated travel time curve and the velocity model will be displayed.

Traveltime(msec) Velocity(m/sec)

0 100 200 0 50 100 150 200 250 300

0

40m/s 40m/s

2m 2m

5 88m/s 88m/s

8m 8m

10

15
Depth(m)

132m/s 132m/s
20

25

30
:S-wave

17) Select File | Save XML file or Save XML file as to save the travel time curve and the velocity
model into an XML file.

D-34
Hayashi/Lippus SeisImager/DH Manual v. 2.0
P/N 770-00119-01 July 2024
Basic processing flow

In the geometry setup:

• Choose Single receiver with multiple shots.

• Check on Both opposite direction shots for each depth are included in one file.

18) Edit receiver Depth as necessary.

D-35
Hayashi/Lippus SeisImager/DH Manual v. 2.0
P/N 770-00119-01 July 2024
Basic processing flow

The waveforms for the 1st depth are shown. Both left and right shots are included.

Depth= 0.0m Time (msec)

-26 -16 -6 4 14 24 34 44 54 64 74 84 94 104 114 124 134 144 154 164 174 184

1 Left
2

3 Right
4
Channel number

10

11

12

MC018_SX.ORG

D-36
Hayashi/Lippus SeisImager/DH Manual v. 2.0
P/N 770-00119-01 July 2024
Basic processing flow

19) Setup components as shown below.

D-37
Hayashi/Lippus SeisImager/DH Manual v. 2.0
P/N 770-00119-01 July 2024
Basic processing flow

20) Selected components to be processed will be displayed. X-components are shown as

black (left) and blue (right) and Y-components are shown as green (left) and purple.

Time (msec)
-26 -16 -6 4 14 24 34 44 54 64 74 84 94 104 114 124 134 144 154 164 174 184

0.0
0.5
1.0
1.5
2.0
2.5
3.0
3.5
4.0
4.5
5.0
5.5
6.0
6.5
7.0
7.5
Depth (m)

8.0
8.5
9.0
9.5
10.0
10.5
11.0
11.5
12.0
12.5
13.0
13.5
14.0
14.5
15.0
15.5
16.0
16.5
17.0

: Left hitting source : X Component

: Right hitting source : X Component
: Left hitting source : Y Component
: Right hitting source : Y Component
MC018_SX.ORG

21) See other sections for processing beyond this step, such as picking first breaks, assigning
layers, etc.

D-38
Hayashi/Lippus SeisImager/DH Manual v. 2.0
P/N 770-00119-01 July 2024
Combining p- and s-wave travel time curves and velocity models

APPENDIX: E. COMBINING P- AND S-WAVE TRAVEL TIME

CURVES AND VELOCITY MODELS

1) Open PSLog. Open p- or s-wave travel time curves and velocity models by selecting Open
XML file.

Traveltime(msec) Velocity(m/sec)

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120 130 140 150 160 170 180 0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000
0
449m/s 449m/s
5m 5m

30 1694m/s 1694m/s

50m 50m
60

90

1738m/s 1738m/s
120
Depth(m)

150

170m 170m
180

210

1741m/s 1741m/s
240

270

300
:P-wave

E-1
Hayashi/Lippus SeisImager/DH Manual v. 2.0
P/N 770-00119-01 July 2024
Combining p- and s-wave travel time curves and velocity models

2) Open another XML file and choose Append to present data. Both p- and s-wave travel time
curves and velocity models will be displayed.

Traveltime(msec) Velocity(m/sec)

0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000
0
449m
196m
/s/s 196m/s 449m/s
5m 5m

30 1694m/s 272m/s 272m/s 1694m/s

50m 50m
60

90

1738m/s 414m/s 414m/s 1738m/s

120
Depth(m)

150

170m 170m
180

210

1741m/s 525m/s 525m/s 1741m/s

240

270

300
:P-wave
:S-wave

E-2
Hayashi/Lippus SeisImager/DH Manual v. 2.0
P/N 770-00119-01 July 2024
Optional analysis for detailed processing

APPENDIX: F. OPTIONAL ANALYSIS FOR DETAILED

PROCESSING

Appendix: F.1 Processing with a trigger monitor receiver

The processing flow using a trigger monitor receiver can be summarized as follows:

F-1
Hayashi/Lippus SeisImager/DH Manual v. 2.0
P/N 770-00119-01 July 2024
Optional analysis for detailed processing

Figure F-1: Processing flow when using a trigger monitor.

F-2
Hayashi/Lippus SeisImager/DH Manual v. 2.0
P/N 770-00119-01 July 2024
Optional analysis for detailed processing

1) Select Downhole seismic analysis | Setup channel components and set the parameters as
shown below:

F-3
Hayashi/Lippus SeisImager/DH Manual v. 2.0
P/N 770-00119-01 July 2024
Optional analysis for detailed processing

2) To display waveform traces for the trigger monitor receiver, select Downhole seismic
analysis | View | Show monitor trace (left shot) or Show monitor trace (right shot).

Waveform traces for the trigger monitor receiver will be displayed.

3) Pick the first arrivals of the trigger monitor receiver:

F-4
Hayashi/Lippus SeisImager/DH Manual v. 2.0
P/N 770-00119-01 July 2024
Optional analysis for detailed processing

X: Cha No.=2 Y: Cha. No.=4 Time (msec)

0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 500 550 600 650 700 750 800 850

10

11

12

13
Depth (m)

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

21

22

23

24

25

26

27

28

sxck2401.sg2-sxck2458.sg2

F-5
Hayashi/Lippus SeisImager/DH Manual v. 2.0
P/N 770-00119-01 July 2024
Optional analysis for detailed processing

4) Show and pick the first arrivals for the opposing direction:
X: Cha No.=2 Y: Cha. No.=4 Time (msec)
0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 500 550 600 650 700 750 800 850

10

11

12

13
Depth (m)

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

21

22

23

24

25

26

27

28

sxck2401.sg2-sxck2458.sg2

5) Select Downhole seismic analysis | View | Show pre-processed files to show waveform traces
recorded in the borehole. Displayed waveform traces will be automatically shifted by the first
arrival time for the trigger monitor traces.

X: Cha No.=2 Y: Cha. No.=4 Time (msec)

0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 500 550 600 650 700 750 800 850

10

11

12

13
Depth (m)

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

21

22

23

24

25

26

27

28

: Left hitting source : X Component

: Left hitting source : Y Component
: Right hitting source : X Component
: Right hitting source : Y Component
sxck2401.sg2-sxck2458.sg2

F-6
Hayashi/Lippus SeisImager/DH Manual v. 2.0
P/N 770-00119-01 July 2024
Optional analysis for detailed processing

Appendix: F.2 Setup rotation angle for polarization manually

1) In Pickwin, select Downhole seismic analysis | View | Show individual plots of particle
motion:

2) Waveform traces for each depth will be displayed in a dialog box:

F-7
Hayashi/Lippus SeisImager/DH Manual v. 2.0
P/N 770-00119-01 July 2024
 Optional analysis for detailed processing

The original (before polarization) waveform traces are shown at the top. The picked first arrival
is shown as a vertical red line:

3) Polarized waveform traces are shown at the bottom.

F-8
Hayashi/Lippus SeisImager/DH Manual v. 2.0
P/N 770-00119-01 July 2024
 Optional analysis for detailed processing

4) Scroll depth to be shown using the Shallower and Deeper buttons.

F-9
Hayashi/Lippus SeisImager/DH Manual v. 2.0
P/N 770-00119-01 July 2024
 Optional analysis for detailed processing

5) Setup time window for calculating the rotation angle automatically by particle motion. The time
window can be defined based on the first arrival. The time window is applied to all depths.

6) Check Use time window based on first arrival to apply the time window. If the time window is
active, start and end of window are shown as black lines in waveform views at the left. Particle
motion view shows the motion only in the window.

Particle motion and automatically calculated rotation angle is shown at the lower right.

F-10
Hayashi/Lippus SeisImager/DH Manual v. 2.0
P/N 770-00119-01 July 2024
Optional analysis for detailed processing

Rotation angle can be set by checking Rotate manually in the upper right.

F-11
Hayashi/Lippus SeisImager/DH Manual v. 2.0
P/N 770-00119-01 July 2024
Optional analysis for detailed processing

Rotation angle can be changed manually by Up and Down buttons.

F-12
Hayashi/Lippus SeisImager/DH Manual v. 2.0
P/N 770-00119-01 July 2024
Optional analysis for detailed processing

F-13
Hayashi/Lippus SeisImager/DH Manual v. 2.0
P/N 770-00119-01 July 2024
Optional analysis for detailed processing

If you would like to use only the X-component, click 0 or 180 degrees and only the X-
component will be used.

F-14
Hayashi/Lippus SeisImager/DH Manual v. 2.0
P/N 770-00119-01 July 2024
Optional analysis for detailed processing

If you would like to use only the Y-component, click 90 or -90 degree and only the Y-component
will be used.

F-15
Hayashi/Lippus SeisImager/DH Manual v. 2.0
P/N 770-00119-01 July 2024
Optional analysis for detailed processing

F-16
Hayashi/Lippus SeisImager/DH Manual v. 2.0
P/N 770-00119-01 July 2024
Optional analysis for detailed processing

Appendix: F.3 Analyzing p- and s-wave data together

If p- and s-wave data were recorded in the same borehole, both can be processed simultaneously
as follows:

1) In the Set up downhole survey geometry dialog (which pops up when you create the group
file list):

a. Set Beginning receiver depth and Receiver increment (generally, Receiver increment and
Receiver spacing are assumed to be identical throughout the logging process in this
configuration).

b. Set other parameters as shown below.

F-17
Hayashi/Lippus SeisImager/DH Manual v. 2.0
P/N 770-00119-01 July 2024
Optional analysis for detailed processing

F-18
Hayashi/Lippus SeisImager/DH Manual v. 2.0
P/N 770-00119-01 July 2024
Optional analysis for detailed processing

2) Edit receiver Depth and Source component (direction) as needed.

F-19
Hayashi/Lippus SeisImager/DH Manual v. 2.0
P/N 770-00119-01 July 2024
Optional analysis for detailed processing

3) Select Downhole seismic analysis | Setup channel components and select the components to
be processed as shown below. Check Use monitor if you use trigger monitor receivers.

4) To display s-wave data, click the button. To display p-wave data, click the button. See
Section 4.5.1, Page 25, for details.

F-20
Hayashi/Lippus SeisImager/DH Manual v. 2.0
P/N 770-00119-01 July 2024
Files used in analysis

APPENDIX: G. FILES USED IN ANALYSIS

Files used in downhole seismic analysis are of three different types:

1) Original waveform files (SEG2)

These files contain the original waveform data. The files are used by Pickwin, and a list of the
files are saved into a File List (XML file). The waveform files and the XML file must be placed
in the same folder.

2) File list (XML)

This XML file contains all information about waveform-related processing, including a list of
original waveform files, source-receiver configuration and channel number, rotation angle for
polarization and first arrivals picks. The file is created and used by Pickwin. You do not need to
save processed waveforms because all information is saved into the XML file list.

3) Analysis result (XML)

All processing information used in PSLog is saved into another XML file. The file contains
travel time curves, source geometry (offset and elevation difference), layer boundaries, velocity
of each layer and plotting scales. p- and s-wave analysis results can be saved into the same XML
file or into two different files.

G-1
Hayashi/Lippus SeisImager/DH Manual v. 2.0
P/N 770-00119-01 July 2024
Files used in analysis

Geometrics, Inc. takes no responsibility for any interpretation of data or effects resulting from use
of the SeisImager software package or its support of the SeisImager software package.

G-2
Hayashi/Lippus SeisImager/DH Manual v. 2.0
P/N 770-00119-01 July 2024