# Tternal eombustiox.

T) cngine
Fuel buyns inside the engine to produee powey,
The hot gases move pistons o tuy blnes,
Example; bikes ,Cars, as turblnes e.
et,

Eterhal Com bustion Engin e

fuel hns outsde the Fngine, Hcat is3 transfre to
thex ower the enl ne.
Example tam turbine

# Gas turbinc Power plant,

Kegnertor R
Y
B
Iyolatoy

Combuston
Chamber
Trassoney
Conpreso

Alemtoy Sattine
motoy
Jalter
gas turbine
J, Compres$D :
TnereaSes, the press Whe os in eomng
Com bugtion

Reeorers waste heat from exhaust gases to

|Amprore eieney.
f. Combustion Chàmè:
Burns uel ith copess air to roduee
igh - temperatune gase s,
lrv, eaas tur binè- lonvets nc mal eneray
Som hot gases Ante
meehaneat ency.
V.Altemato
eoyents mehanieal energy dto eletrieal
Cnergy

v,i, stading motoy - Proides rtial Yetatioy

to. start the gas tu bine
 46as turbine working pvin diple
Afr ds eomyresscd in the eompressor, then
|heated by burning: fuel in the combustion
Chanbe. The higk pres5ure hot gàses
n Ae gas
eXpand
turblne, Produeing me Chatieal
Prve?. Some s this Pre dires the
lompreSOT, while the rest is
9ererate eleetrielty
thro vgh an atternato,A
Iregenaratr may be US ed to reuse
heat erkaust
and impnre
eng:Aattig
helps itiate the ProLess
mmtoy
Proee

it
 laas Tur bine

Alyartage:
i.Compaet.and ight weigbt design:
i Quiek staxt an Shut
dorn Capabilty.
.. Lower maintexanec
due to ore mobine parts
1y. Can Vse a- vaniety Fuls
r.r suitabhesor peak detoad
demanel
Disad vatages

. Lower e eney at part lo

| .NoiSy operation
ir. Regupes high- 4uaity Matesials
M. Iitial ost ds relatl
vely hiah.
 A Combincd Cy dle Ceas Turbine CCeoT) is d
|Powerlart that Uses both gas and
stcam
trblne s to gen erate ele ta ity ,iyroi'ng
e ieney ty wtllzing veste heate rm the
Qas tun bin e to rer the
Steam tunbine,
wokiný prin tiple af
enct

Heat
Reeer
Sean

Elecbyt Cal
tambe

|Comprsso
Akr
Inttt
Ceas
rbivie
 warti ng rlnaple

Caas turbine bwrns suel (gas ) to produee

eleetieity and hot ex haust 2asts.

JI teatkeeorery steam Brenerator CH RS a)

Captures cxhaust heat to gcnCate Sterm
ISAem buy bine vses the to
deliver edithoal eleet eity,

kegenerator
ii Intenses thenml ideney.
i. Redueessuel eonsumption.
ii. Lovers emissian s
Y, ImpnOYeS Oer al Peror Manec
-
 cehTtdvantag es

lapltal East
a, ommer ial arelaklitr

V, lompact design.

ebT Dis advan tag esi

i. High itiel cost

malntenane

|i. 2cauires higk- quality Duel

fr. Scnttire to Aoad anations
(Heat Reevery steam aenèrator)

A HRS&z is a deile that bses as twbine

exhavst heat to produee stcan For pmer
2eneration ,

|#Why Regenarator is Uscd in Hkse

peheat.
"ue yegeneratin tHRS a is .Usel to
Secdwater vslng retdual hert, improdn
tean generatiar e) deney and educing Sue
Con sumption.
A doad cue ds a graph that
Shows the
vaziati o as cEetrieal dod CPer demand) Ove

Load curve is nerer eontinu ous. Expla nn

the laad Cure beeause
Porer demand eoN stastly ehanges dwe to
vargin actntiesi nbsage patterns
thoughout the day.

# Mai YNUm deman

Aas : Moaximum demand is thehighe! a4

detrieal Pomer. demno Yceoded orey a
Priod c.ne
Demand Faeto o
|Ans: Tt isdesincd as the atio detween
Mascimum Deman d and onnete Loas
always less thant 1
M.p
 Load Frctor :

Tt ts Tatio ef Arerng e load to Mazömoy

Demndi
A.
1F M.D

# why. Demond Sactrn nd doad Saeto des than

4,

Demand.Faetok4

Net al one ted deteesón at l apaeity

Dt the Same kme, S8 atul demayo
tath total Conne tedLord

Load Eator Z4
Pow en vanles orer The aem
demmand
 # Tnportane Load
i. Helps n Stimating peak dematd
. Aids
1, Tmpro ves doad managcment,
iv. Assists in tartff fay Mulation
v, Erhaees sytem reliablity and cielay
# Taziff

The rate at whieh ele etaical ds supplied to

# arEsf Objeetves
. Reeoverg f eost of Produeng
Porer Station dctical exergy at
| , Re eo ry os eost on the eayilal lurestmet
n
transmisi on ane dlstrbuior Sstem.
H, Reeoey ost osPer ation an!
of 9upply maortehane<
letikal eegy .2, mtering
0Y, # suitatle prstt on the eapitu intestmct.
the
 Class test
Math
MW
loo
4. 90

40
46

30

20

h
4 8 10 42 15 204

Mgin u mn deman is 100 M W

5, we fnor,
faetoy Arerage don
lord
Max. dend S200

Plant Lap city faetor,Arje les 9o

Diizati on Mar.me 00
 7, calvent that,
M.. - 67 MW
LF. =37.

Plat vseF. =t7.

A.2,

.30 A.L

Plant capait A.p 20.1

= f00.5 MW
or20l
Rescrr lapa ty plat: Plant eagacit - M.d.
L00.5 - 6 Mw

33.5 MW
 Paidy enrgy produec A.d x 24
=201 X24 = 482.4 MWh

Book Math
3.1
iven that
M.d loo MW , ad facto 4o7.
Enerey gratelyery Mat.d XLoFX Haus ln yer,
fi00 x ie) xo.4 X(e4* 365)
350YID kWh.
3.2
Geiren that
2L=43 MEY.M.=2oMw, mit =6l.5XIk
Leman fetn M 20 ty
43

A,L Total Ene9Y

M:D M.D X Haurs in year

o.351 6 35.17.
Eneyy sulied working day (i00 Xe)+ (s0x6)
=500 MWh

Statlon pon ate s = 5 -45 - 320 days a nyer

Load, Sactoy agsupld lyear

M;dX rorking hour
X JDO

34
Giren that
M,d > 25, L.F boy, Plen ,F Soy,
Plant se Seto 22,

A.d L.F XM,

=, 60X 25
 A.
Plant capaest -30 MH
Plant eapatfator
:.Resenre eapaet - plent capacit-d
30M - 25

Vaily en eray prdueed g4x15 a S6oMW

Maim wm enery 360

0.72 Mday
Civen thet,
M.dad5roo kN, LF =5o., PL.F -40%
Enery deeratedM. XL.FX 24x 365)
S5)

Plant Capaety /8750h

3 750 kr
) Diversty. F, = ISoot50o450 =1.12.

45 x DS
=545.ky
, L.F A. S13.7
M. 20,5 .

5.1

nt consuwnce lyear: M.d XL.F e7)

z200 Xo. 4X3760
00, oo

Awel tharses frlM.) therge ttnnual cny Chonge

= RS (jo X200 + 01
X7. D0,300)

Rs0
RO.j2S 5

2.85 Pa's e
5.2

M, -

Vnt eoNSWned n Soh 4.4x>60 2200 hy

Charges Sor 22ookhh > R 0,2 X22s0'> Ks f o
Renaining vsits

anvual bill

ü. Eialent slat natee = Rs

&760 - Pe.D.125 = |2,5 Be
5.3

the nWmte at whi'ek

to th tars beeome egual thn,

100
Eamples

s22:S Mh

GD P.u. t=2oYOTDkloxz)
30X 8