Lesson Plan

On

Forensic Psychiatry

Presented To Presented By
Ms. Priyanka Malhotra Mrs. Sheetal Rohila
Tutor M.Sc. Nursing 1stYear(Psychiatry)
College of Nursing College of Nursing
AIIMS, Rishikesh AIIMS, Rishikesh
Subject Psychiatric Nursing
Topic Forensic Psychiatry
Supervisor Ms Priyanka Malhotra
Student teacher Sheetal Rohila
Date 2-05-2025
Duration 1 hr
No. Of students
Method of teaching Lecture cum Discussion
Target Audience BSc Nursing 3rd year Students
Venue BSc Nursing 3rd year Classroom
GENERAL OBJECTIVE:-
At the end of the class , students will gain the knowledge regarding forensic psychiatry
SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES:-
At the end of the class the students will be able to:-
 define forensic psychiatry.
 enumerate subgroups of forensic psychiatry.
 describe criminal forensic psychiatry.
 explain various types types of insanity defense.
 describe insanity defense in india
 explain civil forensic psychiatry
 enlist laws in legal forensic psychiatry
 define forensic psychiatric nursing
 describe functioning of a forensic psychiatric unit
 explain growth of forensic psychiatry in india
 enlist colleges providing program of forensic nursingin india
 enumerate challenges in forensic psychiatric nurses
 predict future of forensic nursing in india.
 enlist legal responsibilities of psychiatric nurse.
 enumerate common areas of liabilities of psychiatric services
 enlist steps to avoid liabilities
S. Time Objective Content Teaching Av Evaluation
N Learning Aid
o Activity. Use
d.
1. 1 To introduce INTRODUCTION:- Lecture cum PPT What do
minut the topic. A relevant, modern definition of forensic is: relating to, used in, or suitable to a discussion. you know
e court of law. Forensic psychiatry is a subspeciality of psychiatry that practices at about
a intersection of mental health and law. It deals with the legal aspects of forensic
psychiatry. psychiatry
Psychiatry nurse should be sufficiently aware of the legal aspects of psychiatry. ?
This will help protect the patient’s right and innocently involving herself in legal
issues. Legal aspects help at many points in psychiatric care side through
admission of a mentally ill person in a mental hospital, civil responsibility,
criminal responsibility, and standards of care.

2. 1 To define FORENSIC PSYCHIATRY Lecture cum PPT Define

minut forensic Definition discussion. forensic
e psychiatry. It is a subspeciality of psychiatry in which scientific and clinical expertise is psychiatry
applied to legal issues in legal context, embracing civil, criminal ,correctional or
legislative matter.
American academy of psychiatry and law
Two main interactions of law and psychiatry:
1. Psychiatry as applied to the law
2. Laws as applied to Psychiatry
3. 1 To SUBGROUPS OF FORENSIC PYCHIATRY Lecture cum PPT Enumerate
minut enumerate 1. Criminal forensic psychiatry discussion subgroups
e subgroups of 2. Civil forensic psychiatry of forensic
forensic 3. Legal/regulatory /admin forensic psychiatry psychiatry
psychiatry.

4. 2 min To describe CRIMINAL FORENSIC PSYCHIATRY Lecture cum PPT Describe

 criminal These are close associations between crime and psychiatry discussion criminal
forensic disorders like personality disorders particularly antisocial forensic
psychiatry. personality, schizophrenia ,drug dependence disorders, affective psychiatry
disorders.
Criminal forensic psychiatry deals with competence to stand trial
, assess criminal responsibility , sentencing corrections etc.
Requirement for criminal sanction
• He must have committed an illegal act.(actus reus)
• Had a required ‘state of mind’ for the criminal offence.
(mens rea)
Certain mental illness can interfere with an individual ability to
form mens rea as required by the law.
Mentally ill patients may commit offences for the following
reasons:
• They do not understand the implications.
• Due to delusions and hallucinations.
• Abnormal mental states like confusion ,excitement.
• Drug related violence.
5. 1min To enlist Insanity Defense Lecture cum PPT Enlist
ute types of It is based on the assumption that at the time of crime , the discussion types of
inanity defendant was suffering from severe mental illness and inanity
defense. therefore was not capable of : defense.
• appreciating the nature of crime
• differentiating right and wrong behaviour
Types of insanity defences
• M’ Naghten’s insanity defense
• Irresistible impulse insanity defense
• Durham insanity defense
• Substantial capacity test
6 2 To explain M’ Naghten’s insanity defense Lecture cum PPT Explain
minut M’Naghten • The rule states that the individual at the time of the crime discussion M’Naghte
e insanity did not know the nature and quality of the act and if he did n insanity
defense. know what he was doing, he did not comprehend it to be defense.
wrong. These rules are referred to as the nature and
quality rule and right from wrong test.
• It is most common insanity defense used across the world.
• Created in England in 1843.
• The defense is named after Daniel M’Naghten.
• The defense requires:
First element: The defendant must be suffering from a mental
defect at the time he or she commits the criminal act.
Second element: The trier of fact must find that because of the
mental defect, the defendant did not know both the nature and
quality of the criminal act or that the act was wrong.
Some common examples of mental defects and diseases are
psychosis, schizophrenia, and paranoia.
Origin of the rule
Daniel M’Naghten was a 29-year-old man of gloomy and
reserved social habits, which included membership of religious
groups. He decided to murder Sir Robert Peel, the Prime
Minister. He made elaborate plans and 351traveled to London,
but in fact mistakenly shot and killed Edward Druminod, Peel's
private secretary. During the trial, M’Naghten himself admitted,
“they have accused me of crimes of which I am not guilty, they
do everything to harass and prosecute me, in fact they wish to
murder me. I was driven to desperation by persecution”.
M’Naghten knew that he was doing and was aware that he was
committing a criminal act but felt compelled to do so, an act he
performed with cool deliberation. Psychiatrists were called and it
 was accepted that his delusions were real, that the act was
committed under a delusion. M’Naghten was found “not guilty on
the grounds of insanity”.
7. 2 To describe Irresistible Impulse Act Lecture cum PPT Describe
min irresistible According to this rule, a person may have known an act was discussion irresist-
impulse act illegal but as a result of mental impairment lost control of their ible
actions. impulse
Person knows nature and quality of act, but incapable of act
restraining himself from commiting the act. Because free agency
of his will destroyed by mental illness
Irresistible impulse insanity defense requires:
First element: the defendant must suffer from a mental defect
or disease of the mind.
Second element :adds the concept of volition, or free choice.
If the defendant cannot control his or her conduct because of the
mental defect or disease, the defendant’s conduct is excused
even if the defendant understands that the conduct is wrong.

8. 2 To describe Durham's Rule/Product Rule Describe

minut durham rule An accused is not criminally responsible if his unlawful act was the product of durham
e mental disease/defect. In this, the causal connection between the mental rule.
abnormality and the alleged crime should be established.

9 30 To define Substantial Capacity defense Define

sec substantial Lacks substantial capacity to appreciate criminality of conduct or to confirm substantial
capacity conduct of the law because of mental illness. capacity
defense defense
10 2 min To describe Insanity Defense In India Lecture cum PPT To
insanity Insanity defense laws, Section 84 IPC is solely based on M’Naghten rules. discussion describe
defense in According to section 84 of the Indian penal code of 1860, insanity
india ‘Nothing is an offense which is done by a person who at the time of doing it , by defense in
a reason of unsoundness of mind ,is incapable of knowing the nature of the act or india
that he is doing what is wrong or contrary to law.’
Section 84 IPC can be divided into two broad categories
(1) Major criteria (mental illness requirement) mean the person must be suffering
from
mental illness during the commission of act.
2) Minor criteria (loss of reasoning requirement) mean the person is:
a. Incapable of knowing the nature of the act or
b. Incapable of knowing his act is wrong or
c. Incapable of knowing it is contrary to law.

11 3min To explain CIVIL FORENSIC PSYCHIATRY Lecture cum PPT Explain

civil forensic It is concerned with individuals rights and capabilities which include discussion civil
psychiatry  The legal capacity to exercise one’s rights forensic
 Capacity to participate in legal actions psychiatry
 Parenting capacity
 Capacity to write a will

Testamentary capacity
Testamentary capacity is the mental ability of a person is a pre condition for
making a valid will. The testator must be a major, free from coercion ,
understanding and displaying soundness of mind.
Doctor should test testator for orientation , concentration , and memory.
A person should affected by delusional disorder can also make a valid will , if
 delusions are not related to disposal of the property

Right to vote
A person with unsound mind cannot contest for elections or exercise the privilege
of voting.

Management of Property
The court may on an application from any relative direct an inquiry to ascertain
whether a person is of unsound mind and incapable of managing his property. In
such a case, a manager is appointed by the court of law to take care of his
property, which may include sale or disposal of the property to settle his
debts/expenses.

Marriage
As per the Hindu Marriage Act (1955), marriage between any two individuals
one of whom was of unsound mind at the time of marriage is considered null and
void in the eyes of the law. Unsoundness of mind for a continuous period can be
sighted as a ground for obtaining divorce. The other party can file for divorce
when lunacy continues for a period of more than 2 years after marriage. However,
if divorce is filed after a 3-year period, divorce is granted with a pre-condition
that the other party has to pay maintenance charges for the mentally ill person.

12 3 min To enlist LEGAL/REGULATORY/ADMIN FORENSIC PSYCHIATRY Lecture cum PPT Enlist

laws in legal It deals with ethics , risk assessment , dangerousness , special issues in discussion laws in
forensic correctional settings. legal
psychiatry Laws related to psychiatric disorders forensic
 Mental health legislations psychiatry
 Civil laws relating to persons with mental illness
 Criminal laws of mentally ill offenders
 Other special acts related to mental illness
Mental health legislations
 Mental health act 1987
 Mental health care act 2017
 Person with disabilities act 1996
 Right of person with disability act
 Rehabilitation council of india act 1992
 Juvenile justice act 1986 amendment act 2006
 Consumer protection act 1986
Civil laws relating to persons with mental illness
 Indian evidence act 1925-sec 118
 Law of contract sec6,11,12
 Right to vote and stand for election act 326,102,of the constitution of
india
 Law of torts
 Testamentary capacity -sec 59 of Indian Sucession Act
 Marriage and mental health legislations
 Indian divorce act 1869
Criminal laws of mentally ill offenders
 Criminally ill patients who commit a crime are dealt under section 328-
329
 Criminal responsibility –sec 84 ipc 1860
 Attempt to commit suicide –sec 309 ipc
 Right to private defence against an insane person sec 98 ipc
 Unnatural offences-sec 377 ipc (sexual perversion)
 Affrays
 Misconduct in public under intoxication(alcohol defense sec 510 ipc)
Other special acts related to mental illness
 Narcotic drug and psychotropic substances act(1985 ) amended 1988
 Domestic violence act 2005
Suicide and Indian Law
 Section 115 of the MHCA decriminalized the attempt to die by suicide
FORENSIC PSYCHIATRIC NURSING
13 1min To define Forensic psychiatric nursing is a subspecialty of psychiatric nursing that
forensic combines mental health care with the legal system. It involves working with PPT Define
psychiatric patients who have mental health issues and have been involved in the criminal Lecture cum forensic
nursing justice system. discussion psychiatri
c nursing
Functioning Of A Forensic Psychiatric Unit
• Forensic psychiatry unit functions to provide for the individuals
14 3min To describe
suspected/diagnosed to have mental illness in conflict with the existing Describe
functioning Lecture cum
of a forensic civil or criminal law. discussion PPT functionin
psychiatric • A multidisciplinary team involving psychiatrists, psychologists, social g of a
unit workers, and mental health nurses attend to both out-patient and in-patient forensic
services and needs related to such individuals. psychiatri
• Forensic psychiatry in-patient wards are part of male and female closed c unit
wards.
• The prisoners may be transferred to psychiatry facility for the following
needs; assessment of mental health status, diagnosis, treatment of
behavioural problems like violence and suicidal behaviour, to assess
decision making capacity, fitness to stand the trial, to review the existing
psychiatric illness, and for opinion on insanity defence
• Such referred patients are assessed by a postgraduate psychiatry resident
(trainee) using a structured Forensic Psychiatry Detailed Workup
Proforma.
• After the detailed assessment, the case is discussed with the senior
resident on the same day of referral and findings are noted in the file.
Ward observation and serial mental status examinations are documented
on a daily basis.
• Ward observation and serial mental status examinations are documented
on a daily basis. Ward behaviour of each patient is documented every day
 using the Ward Behavioural Observation Report .
• The documentation of each referred prisoner in the forensic psychiatric
file is meticulous and monitored by a senior resident and two forensic
psychiatry consultants
• The case is discussed in a multidisciplinary grand round, held once every
week, consisting of two forensic psychiatry consultants, and consultants
from clinical psychology, psychiatric social work, psychiatric nursing and
residents/trainees from the concerned departments.
• This multidisciplinary team is provided with the responsibility for
assessing, diagnosing, managing the patient and providing legal opinion
to the judiciary.
• Additionally, on case-to-case basis, relevant psychosocial and
neuropsychological assessments like Intelligent Quotient (IQ), personality
assessments and brain lobar functions assessment are applied to enhance
the holistic understanding of the individual.

Forensic Nursing In India

• Previously forensic nursing started in India with a diploma course but Lecture cum PPT Explain
15 2min To explain eventually it didn’t work due to lack of awareness. discussion growth of
growth of • In 2023 Forensic Nursing started in National Forensic Sciences forensic
forensic University Gandhi Nagar Gujarat Campus under the Ministry of Home psychiatry
psychiatry in Affairs.It started a master’s programme. in india
india • But now nursing professionals are taking much interest in MSc forensic
Nursing and INC has introduced forensic nursing in BSc curriculum also.
• MSc in forensic nursing is two year full regular programme which
includes a thesis dissertation. The internal assessment exam can be
conducted at the end of each semester, and the final exam can be
performed at the end of the each semester, which includes both theory and
practical.
 Colleges Providing Program Of Forensic Nursing In India
• Forensic Nursing National forensic sciences university (NFSU),
Gandhinagar :Post Basic Diploma of 1 year at the PG level. Enlist
16 2 Min To enlist • IKON nursing college course offered by Rajiv Gandhi University of Lecture cum PPT colleges
. colleges Health Sciences, Bangalore provides Master of Science (M.Sc) in discussion providing
providing Forensic Nursing which is a two-year full-time program that is the program
program of postgraduate level and approved by the Indian Nursing Council (INC). of forensic
forensic • Some college like AIIMS, Delhi gives “No Objection Certificate” for nursing
nursing
pursuing forensic nursing diploma/degree from NFSU. in india.
in india.
• The International Association of Forensic Nurses offers two
professional certifications under its certification body, the
Commission for Forensic Nursing Certification (CFNC) for Sexual
Assault Nurse Examiners:the Sexual Assault Nurse
Examiner-Adult/Adolescent (SANE-A) and the Sexual Assault Nurse
Examiner- Pediatric (SANE-P)

Eligibility criteria

• The candidate should be a Registered Nurse and Registered midwife or

equivalent with any State Nursing Registration Council.
• The minimum education requirements shall be the passing of:
• B.Sc. Nursing / B.Sc. Hons. Nursing / Post Basic B.Sc. Nursing with
minimum of 55% aggregate marks.
• The candidate should have undergone in B.Sc. Nursing / B.Sc. Hons.
Nursing / Post Basic B.Sc. Nursing in an institution which is recognized
by Indian Nursing Council.
• Minimum one year of work experience after Basic B.Sc. Nursing. •
Minimum one year of work experience prior or after Post Basic B.Sc.
Nursing.
• Candidate shall be medically fit.
 • 5% relaxation of marks for SC/ST candidates may be given.
The Role Of Forensic Nurse
• Clinical forensic Nurse: Provides care for the survivors injured from the
violence, crime and deaths that occur within the health care institution.
This specialty has a duty to defend the patient’s legal rights through the
proper collection and documentation of evidence. PPT
To • Forensic Nurse Investigator: Employed in the medical examiner’s/ Lecture cum
17 2 Min enumerate coroner’s jurisdiction and represents the decedent’s right to social justice discussion
challenges in
through scientific investigation of the scene and circumstances of death. Enumerate
forensic
This role may also include the investigation of criminal behaviour, challenges
psychiatric
nurses insurance fraud and abuse. in forensic
• Forensic Nurse Examiner: provides a complete analysis of physical and psychiatri
psychological trauma, questioned deaths, and/or psychopathology c nurses
evaluations related to forensic cases and interpersonal violence.
• Forensic Correctional, Institutional or Custodial Nurse: Specialises in the
care, treatment, and rehabilitation of persons who have been sentenced to
prison or jails for violation of criminal statutes and require medical
assessment and intervention.
• Legal Nurse Consultant: Provides expert witness testimony and education
to judicial, justice and health care professionals in areas such as personal
injury, product liability, and malpractice among other legal issues related
to civil and criminal cases

Key responsibilities of forensic nurse

Patient Care: Forensic nurses provide comprehensive care to patients who have
experienced trauma, violence, or abuse. They address physical and emotional
needs, offering support and guidance throughout the healing process.
• Evidence Collection: Forensic nurses are trained to collect and preserve
evidence from victims, which can be crucial in legal investigations. This
 may involve documenting injuries, taking photographs, and collecting
samples for forensic analysis.
• Collaboration: Forensic nurses collaborate with law enforcement, legal
professionals, and other healthcare providers to ensure a coordinated
response to cases involving violence or criminal activities. They may
participate in multidisciplinary teams to facilitate effective
communication and case management
• Education and Advocacy: Forensic nurses educate other healthcare
professionals, law enforcement, and the community about the role of
forensic nursing. They may also advocate for policies and practices that
improve the care and support available to victims of crime.
• Research: Some forensic nurses engage in research to contribute to the
advancement of knowledge and practices within the field. This research
can inform evidence-based approaches to patient care and legal
procedures.
• Victim Support: Providing emotional and psychological support to
victims of violence or abuse, while maintaining a compassionate and non-
judgmental approach
• Medical Examinations: Conducting thorough medical examinations to
document injuries, collect forensic evidence, and assess the overall health
of the patient.
• Documentation: Accurate and detailed documentation of findings,
including injuries, observations, and evidence collected, which may be
used in legal proceedings.
• Expert Testimony: Serving as an expert witness in legal proceedings,
explaining medical findings and interpretations to judges and juries.
Forensic Photography: Documenting injuries or evidence through
photography, ensuring a visual record for investigative and legal
purposes.
Challenges
1. Emotional Toll: Dealing with the emotional impact of working with victims of
violence, trauma, or abuse, which can lead to burnout and compassion fatigue.
2. Legal Complexity: Navigating the intricate legal processes and requirements
associated with forensic examinations, evidence collection, and court
appearances.
3. Limited Resources: Facing challenges related to limited resources, both in
terms of staffing and specialized equipment, which can impact the quality and
efficiency of forensic nursing services.
4. Interdisciplinary Collaboration: Coordinating with various professionals, such
as law enforcement, legal personnel, and healthcare providers, can be challenging
due to differing priorities, communication styles, and expectations.
1. Emotional Toll: Dealing with the emotional impact of working with victims of
violence, trauma, or abuse, which can lead to burnout and compassion fatigue.
2. Legal Complexity: Navigating the intricate legal processes and requirements
associated with forensic examinations, evidence collection, and court
appearances.
3. Limited Resources: Facing challenges related to limited resources, both in
terms of staffing and specialized equipment, which can impact the quality and
efficiency of forensic nursing services.
4. Interdisciplinary Collaboration: Coordinating with various professionals, such
as law enforcement, legal personnel, and healthcare providers, can be challenging
due to differing priorities, communication styles, and expectations.
5. Continuing Education: Keeping abreast of evolving forensic techniques, legal
regulations, and healthcare practices requires ongoing education, which may be
challenging in some healthcare settings.
6. Workplace Safety: Addressing potential safety concerns, especially when
dealing with forensic cases that involve criminal elements, to ensure the well-
 being of forensic nursing profession

20 1 To predict Future of forensic nursing in India Lecture cum PPT What is

minut future of • Given the growing recognition and momentum in the area, forensic discussion. the future
e. forensic nursing in India has a bright future. There are several reasons for this of forensic
nursing in optimistic perspective. nursing in
india. • Growing Awareness and Demand: There will probably be a higher need india
for forensic nursing services as people become more conscious of the
significance of attending to the medical requirements of victims of abuse,
violence, and trauma. The growth of forensic nursing positions and
prospects in India's healthcare settings may be fueled by this rising need.
• Improvements in Education and Training: More nurses will be prepared
with the information and abilities needed for forensic practice when
forensic nursing principles are included into nursing education and
training programs. Further advancements in the creation of seminars,
certification programs, and specialized courses will raise the proficiency
of forensic nurses in India.
• Technological Advancements: The practice of forensic nursing is
anticipated to become more efficient in the gathering, recording, and
sharing of evidence thanks to technological innovations including
telemedicine, digital documentation systems, and forensic examination
instruments. With the help of these advancements, forensic nurses will be
able to offer excellent care and successfully participate in court cases.
• Research and Evidence-Based Practice: By stepping up research in the
forensic nursing area, more data will be produced to back up best
practices and guide policy choices. The field of forensic nursing in India
will grow with the help of research projects on subjects including violence
prevention techniques, victim advocacy, and forensic examination
protocols. Collaboration and the multidisciplinary Approach: The
multidisciplinary approach to forensic nursing practice will be
strengthened by collaboration between law enforcement, legal authorities,
 healthcare institutions, and other stakeholders. Improved collaboration
and communication between experts from many fields would help provide
victims with all-encompassing care and boost the efficiency of forensic
investigations
21 1 min To enlist Legal responsibilities of a nurse Lecture cum PPT Enlist
legal Nurses must be aware of all the laws regarding psychiatry to protect herself from discussion legal
responsibiliti the liability and the patient from unneccsaey detention and mistreatment. responsibi
es of The nurse should lities of
psychiatric • Protect the patient rights psychiatri
nurse. • Keep legal records safely c nurse.
• Maintain confidentiality of patient information
• Obtain informed /substitute consent from patient /relative for any
procedure
• Explain based on level of anxiey,span of attention and level of ability to
decide
22 1min To Common areas of liability of psychiatric services Lecture cum PPT Enumerate
enumerate • Patient suicide discussion common
common • Failure to diagnose areas of
areas of • Problems relate to ECT liabilities
liabilities of • Misuse of psychoactive drugs of
psychiatric • Breach of confidentiality psychiatri
services • Failure to obtain informed consent c services
• Inadequate supervision by trainers and employees
• Failure to report abuse
23 1 min To enlist Steps to avoid liabilities Lecture cum PPT Enlist
steps to  Nurse is responsible for reporting information to coworkers involved in discussion steps to
avoid patient care avoid
liabilities  Maintain the records accurately and clearly liabilities
 Maintain confidentiality of patient information
 Practice within the scope of state laws and nurses practices act
 Collaborate with colleagues to determine the best source of action
 Use established practice standard to guide decisions and actions Always
 put patient rights and welfare first
 Develop effective interpersonal relationship with patients and family

 Document all assessment data,treatment ,interventions,and evaluations of

the patient response to care accurately and thoroughly
1min To Summary and conclusion PPT
summarise Forensic psychiatry and forensic nursing are crucial fields at the intersection of
the topic mental health and law, playing a vital role in ensuring justice, protecting patients'
rights, and providing specialized care to individuals with mental illness involved
in legal proceedings. The integration of forensic principles into psychiatric
nursing enhances patient care, safeguards ethical practices, and contributes to the
legal system by offering expert opinions and evidence-based assessments.
In India, forensic nursing is gaining recognition, with educational institutions
introducing specialized courses to meet the growing demand for trained
professionals. However, challenges such as emotional toll, legal complexities,
and resource limitations remain. Overcoming these obstacles through improved
training, interdisciplinary collaboration, and policy support will strengthen
forensic psychiatric services

1 min To tell about Research article Lecture cum PPT

latest Descriptive Study to Assess the Knowledge of Staff Nurses Regarding discussion
research Forensic Psychiatry at Selected Hospitals, Amritsar
Table 3: Level of knowledge of staff nurses regarding forensic psychiatry

S. no Level of knowledge F
1 Excellent (>75%) 39
2 Good (50–75%) 21
3 Average (<50%) 0
References:-
1. Sreevani R. A guide to Mental Health and Psychiatric Nursing. 4th ed. Newdelhi : Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishers (P) Ltd; 2016.
2. Dash SK, Patel S, Chavali K. Forensic nursing – Global scenario and Indian perspective. Journal of Forensic and Legal Medicine. 2016
Aug;42:88–91.
3. Sharma, Ankita & Pushpa, Ms. (2024). Unveiling the specialized realm of forensic nursing in india. International Journal of Advanced
Research. 12. 10.21474/IJAR01/18269.
4. Naik SS, Damodharan D, Kumar CN, Math SB (Eds). Forensic Psychiatry in India – Interface between Indian Law and Mental Health.
NIMHANS Publication No: 196; 2021, ISBN: 978-81-951544-6-3
5. Kaur R, LNU S, Bajwa AK, Kaur S, Sharma S, Kaur S, et al. Descriptive Study to Assess the Knowledge of Staff Nurses Regarding
Forensic Psychiatry at Selected Hospitals, Amritsar. AMEI’s Current Trends in Diagnosis & Treatment. 2019;3(2):56–8.