Created By: STUDY CIRCLE
Percentage Notes
🔷 1. What is a Percentage?
Percentage means "per hundred."
It tells you how much of something exists out of 100 parts.
📌 Symbol: %
📌 Formula:
● Percentage = (Value / Total Value )×100
Note: If we want to calculate the percentage — for example, if we have 1000 and we want
to find out what percentage 400 is of 1000 — then we will use the formula:
(Value / Total Amount) × 100.
Here, the value is 400, and the total amount is 1,000.
🔷 2. Simple Examples
✅ Example 1:
Q: Out of 50 students, 10 are absent. What is the percentage of absent students?
= Solution
(10 / 50)×100 = 20%
✅ Example 2:
You scored 40 out of 50 in a test. Your percentage is:
=Solution
(40 / 50)×100=80%
● Some Important Mcqs and Their Explanation
MCQS:
What is 50% of 55?
29.2
28.6
27.5
None of these
Explanation:
● If we are given a percentage and also the amount it applies to — for example, 50% of 55
— then how do we calculate it using a formula?
To calculate a percentage of a given amount, you use this formula:
(Percentage × Total Amount) ÷ 100
To find 50% of 55:
50/100 * 55 = 27.5
2. What is the value of 200% of 200% of 500?
200
500
2000
1000
Explanation:
Percentage of a number=(Percentage / 100) × Number
● 200/100*500= 1000
● 200 / 100 * 500 = 100
● 1000+1000 = 2000
🔷 3. Increase and Decrease by Percentage
📌 Increase Formula:
New Value = Original Value + (Percentage×Original Value / 100)
📌 Decrease Formula:
New Value = Original Value−(Percentage×Original Value / 100)
Example: The Assets of a businessman increased from Rs. 120,000 To Rs.580,000 what was
the rate of change
Solution :
Original Quantity = Rs. 120,000
New Quantity = Rs. 580,000
Amount of Change (Increase) = Rs 580,000 - Rs. 120,000
= Rs. 460,000
Rate of Change = Amount of Change / original Quantity * 100
= Rs. 460000 / 120000 * 100 = 383.33%
Example: After a discount of 25% the sale price of a suitcase is Rs. 846. What was the
original price of the suitcase?
Solution:
Let Original quantity = x
Decrease = 25% of x
New quantity = Original quantity – Decrease
= x – 25% of x
= x – 0.25x
= 0.75x
New quantity = Rs. 846
⇒ 0.75x = 846
⇒ x = 846 / 0.75
⇒ x = 1,128
Example: The marked price of a coat is Rs. 2000. The shopkeeper offers his customer
two successive discounts 10% and 5%. Find the final selling price of the coat.
Rs. 1710
Rs. 1690
Rs. 1675
None of these
Explanation
Let's calculate the final selling price after two successive discounts of 10% and 5% on the
marked price of Rs. 2000.
Step 1:
First discount = 10% of 2000 = 0.10 × 2000 = Rs. 200
Price after first discount = 2000 - 200 = Rs. 1800
Step 2:
Second discount = 5% of 1800 = 0.05 × 1800 = Rs. 90
Price after second discount = 1800 - 90 = Rs. 1710
Final selling price = Rs. 1710
Example: If 20% of an electricity bill is deducted, then Rs. 100 is till to be paid. How much
was the original bill?
A. Rs. 115
B. Rs. 110
C. Rs. 125
D. None of these
Explanation:
If 20% of the bill is deducted, the remaining amount to be paid is 100. This means 80%
of the bill remains.
🔶 Step 1: Write equation
80% of x=100
80/100 * x = 100
🔶 Step 2: Solve for x
4 / 5×x=100
4*x=5*100
x=500 / 4= 125
