Tung Wah Group Of Hospitals Lui Yun Choy Memorial College

Marks: 155

Part A - Multiple Choices

1. The ____________ civilization and the ___________civilization formed the classical

civilization.
i. Minoan
ii. Mycenaean
iii. ancient Greek
iv. ancient Roman
A. i and ii
B. ii and iii
C. ii and iv
D. iii and iv

□
##D##

2. Which of the following descriptions about Athens is INCORRECT?

A. Athens was a city-state with a democratic government.
B. The Council of Elders had the highest authority
C. The Athenians built many great temples and open-air theatres.
D. The Athenians loved education.

□
##B##

3. Which of the following descriptions about Sparta is INCORRECT?

A. Sparta was an oligarchy.
B. The Council of Elders got the highest power.
C. Citizens could join the Assembly.
D. Sparta did not have slaves.

□
##D##

4. Which of the following descriptions about Julius Caesar is correct?

A. Caesar was defeated by Pompey in a civil war.
B. In 59 BC, Caesar was elected consul.
C. In 55 BC, Caesar was killed by the senators.
D. Caesar was elected ‘tribune for life’.

□
##B##

5. What were the legacies of the ancient Greek civilization?

i. The idea of the rule of law
ii. The jury system
iii. The system of public participation
iv. The secret ballot
A. i and ii
B. ii and iv
C. i, ii and iii
D. All of the above

□
##D##

6. Which of the followings was NOT the legacy of the classical civilization?
A. The Iliad
B. The Odyssey
C. The Magna Carta
D. The Oedipus Rex

□
##C##

7. Which of the followings was NOT a main order of ancient Greek architecture?
A. Tuscan order
B. Corinthian Order
C. Doric Order
D. Ionic Order

□
##A##

8. Which political regime’s fall marks the beginning of Medieval Times?

A. Roman Empire
B. Roman Republic
C. Western Roman Empire
D. Eastern Roman Empire


##C##

9. Where did early European civilization start?

A. Aegean Sea
B. Nile River
C. Black Sea
D. English Channel


##A##
10. Which of the following descriptions about the political development of ancient Greece
is correct?
A. Sparta practised oligarchy.
B. Athens adopted a high degree of centralization.
C. In ancient Greece, Spartan citizens had greater political rights.
D. Ancient Greece had a unified government that managed all city-states.


##A##

11. Which of the following was appointed as ‘dictator for life’?

A. Pompey
B. Julius Caesar
C. Octavian
D. Antony


##B##

12. Which of the following descriptions about the Roman Republic is correct?
i. The Roman Republic had elements of oligarchy.
ii. The plebeians in ancient Rome had representation in the Senate.
iii. The two consuls in the Roman Republic were held by plebeians.
iv. The patricians held political power during the later period of the Roman Republic.

A. i and ii
B. ii and iii
C. i, iii and iv
D. All of the above


##A##

13. Which of the following descriptions about ancient Greek culture is correct?
A. The Iliad is related to ancient Greek mythology.
B. The ancient Greeks only worshipped one god, Zeus.
C. The ancient Greeks held the Olympic Games to honour Athena.
D. Homer was one of the ‘three Greek sages of philosophy’.


##A##

14. Which of the following pairs is correct?

A. Characteristic of ancient Greek architecture: dome
B. Characteristic of ancient Roman architecture: aqueduct
C. Characteristic of ancient Greek art: emperors as the main theme
D. Characteristic of ancient Roman art: mythological figures as the main theme


##B##

Part B - Fill in the Blank

15. The _________________ and _________________ civilizations appeared on the Greek

peninsula before the rise of the ancient Greek civilization.

##Minoan; Mycenaean##

16. Around 3000 BC, the Minoans started their own civilization on _________________.

##Crete##

17. According to Aristotle, ____________________, _____________________ and

__________________ were the three main forms of government in ancient Greece.

##monarchy / oligarchy /democracy##

18. The rapid development of city-states brought the ancient Greek civilization into its
golden age, the ' _________________ ' (around the 5th-4th centuries BC).

##Classical Age##

19. The Romans made the____________________ with reference to the ancient Greek law.
Since then, the Roman law was improved continuously.

##Law of the Twelve Tables##

20. Today, the political systems of many countries learn from the Athenian democratic
system of ‘_________________’ and ‘secret ballot’.

##public participation##

21. Today, the concept of Roman _________________ is still widely used in city planning.

##forum##

22. In 60 BC, ________________ controlled Rome. He held all the power and was elected
‘________________’.

##Julius Caesar; dictator for life##

23. In AD 476, the Western Roman Empire was overthrown by the ________________
peoples. Europe entered Medieval Times.

##Germanic##

24. Sparta practised ________________ in ancient Greece. The ________________ held

the most authority.
##oligarchy; Council of Elders##

25. Citizens’ ________________ were emphasized under Roman law. The government
could not violate these rights.

##natural rights##

26. The Roman Emperor _______________ granted religious freedom to the people, and
Christianity developed legally after that.

##Constantine I##

27. In 753 BC, a _________________ village developed into a city called 'Rome' in central
Italy. The people were known as 'Romans'.

##Latin##

28. Around the 8th century BC, Sparta turned into a/an _________________. There were
still kings, but the _________________ got the highest power.

##oligarchy; Council of Elders##

29. The Roman system of administrative _________________ has become an important

model for later reference. In many modern states, the central government holds supreme
power.

##centralization##

30. From 27 BC to AD 180, the Roman Empire entered the ‘________________’. It was
the golden age of the ancient Roman civilization.

##Pax Romana##
31. In 27 BC, Octavian accepted the title of ‘________________’ and held all the power.

##Augustus##

Part C - Matching

32.
Column A Column B
(a) Julius Caesar (i) He stopped persecuting Christians
□
(b) Saint Paul (ii) He turned the Roman Republic into
□
the Roman Empire.
(c) Constantine I (iii) He was elected ‘dictator for life’.
□
(iv) He spread Christianity in the
(d) Octavian □
Roman Empire.

##(a)(iii); (b)(iv); (c)(i); (d)(ii)##

33.
Column A Column B
(i) had the right to run in the
(a) A male citizen of Sparta □ election of Ephors
(ii) had the right to vote in
(b) A male citizen of Athens □ consuls elections
(c) A male citizen of the Roman (iii) had the right to join the
Republic
□ Assembly and vote on bills
(d) A male citizen of the Roman
Empire
□ (iv) possessed no political power

##(a)(i); (b)(iii); (c)(ii); (d)(iv)##

Part D - Chronological Order

34.
A. The start of Nile Valley civilization
B. The start of early European civilization
C. The start of ancient Roman civilization
D. The start of ancient Greek civilization

Chronological order: ( )→( )→( )→( )

##(A); (B); (D); (C)##

35.
A. Beginning of the Fertile Crescent civilization
B. Beginning of the Minoan civilization
C. Beginning of the Mycenaean civilization
D. Beginning of the ancient Roman civilization
E. Beginning of the Medieval Times of Europe
F. Beginning of the Greek Dark Ages

Chronological order: ( )→( )→( )→( )→( )→( )

##(A); (B); (C); (F); (D); (E)##

36.
A. Alexander the Great established an empire
B. The start of the Hellenistic Age
C. The decline of ancient Greek civilization

Chronological order: ( )→( )→( )

##(A); (B); (C)##

Part E - Mixed-type Question

37. Study the timeline about the development of the ancient Greek civilization below and
answer the questions that follow. (10 marks)

Around Around Around the

1100 BC 800 BC 5th century BC 323 BC 146 BC

Period X Period Y Period Z

(a) Identify Periods X, Y and Z. (3 marks)

__________________________________________________________________

(b) Which regions were influenced by the ancient Greek civilization in Period Y? (3
marks)
__________________________________________________________________

(c) (i) Why did Period X end around 800 BC? (2 marks)
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
(ii) Why did Period Z end around 146 BC? (2 marks)
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________

##
(a) Period X: Dark Ages (1 mark); Period Y: Classical Age (1 mark); Period Z: Hellenistic
Age (1 mark)
(b) The Mediterranean region, West and Central Asia (3 marks)
(c) (i) Around 800 BC, the ancient Greeks built city-states and invented writing.
The birth of the ancient Greek civilization ended the Dark Ages of the Greek
peninsula. (2 marks)
(ii) In 146 BC, the ancient Romans conquered the Greek peninsula. The peninsula
was then mainly influenced by the ancient Roman civilization. The ancient Greek
civilization declined and the Hellenistic Age ended. (2 marks)
##

Part F - Long-answer Question

38. How did the ancient Greek civilization influence future generations in terms of
language and philosophy? (6 marks)
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________

##The ancient Greek civilization influenced the development of European languages. Many
modern English words come from Greek myths. The English words 'chaos', 'hygiene' and
'music' are famous examples. (2 marks) Besides, ancient Greek thinkers asked many
questions and tried to find the answers through methods such as rational argument. This
gave birth to Western philosophy. (2 marks) The ‘three Greek sages of philosophy’ were
even regarded as the founders of Western philosophy. Today, many scholars still study their
philosophical ideas. (2 marks)##

39. How did the legal system of Athens protect the rights of the people? (5 marks)
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________

##In the 6th century BC, Athens carried out legal reforms to protect civil rights. (2 marks)
Additionally, Athens had a jury system. (1 mark) Everyone would be tried in a public court.
Jurors would be selected from different classes. This ensured the fairness of the trial. (2
marks)##
40. What were the differences in the political systems of Athens and Sparta? (6 marks)
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________

##Athens was a democracy. (1 mark) The Assembly was the decision-making body. All
citizens regardless of wealth could vote (included secret ballot) on bills, and they could be
elected as officials by lots. (2 marks) Sparta was an oligarchy. (1 mark) There were still
kings, but the Council of Elders got the highest power. The elders in Sparta were chosen
from nobles, the minority of the population. (2 marks)##

Part G - Data-based Question

41. Study the sources below and answer the questions that follow.
Difficulty: ★☆ (11 marks)

Source I: A painting about the ruler of Athens, Pericles, giving a speech

Our government is called a

democracy because power is
in the hands not of a minority
but of all people ... It doesn’t
matter what your social class
is: if you are talented, you
can become officials. You
can take part in politics even
if you are poor.

Source II: Description of Athenian democracy

Democracy was not open to everyone. Only those men whose parents were born
 in Athens were counted as citizens. After completing military training, adult
citizens could vote. Women had no chance to participate in elections. (a) A
ccor
ding to Pericles in Source I, in Athens who could take part in politics? (1 mark)
__________________________________________________________________

(b) Do you think Pericles in Source I and the author of Source II have the same
understanding of Athenian democracy? Explain your answer with reference to Sources I
and II. (1+4 marks)
 Yes/ No. (Circle the correct answer)
 Explanation: ______________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________

(c) In what ways could the Athenians take part in politics? Explain your answer with
reference to the Sources, and using your own knowledge. (2+3 marks)
 Clue from Source I: ________________________________________________
 Clue from Source II: ________________________________________________
 Own knowledge: __________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________

##
(a) All people could take part in politics. (1 mark)
(b)
 No. (1 mark)
 Pericles in Source I thought that in Athens power was in the hands of all people. All
could take part in politics and all could become officials if they were talented. (2
marks) However, the author of Source II held that / argued that Athenian democracy
was not open to everyone, which meant that not everyone could participate in politics.
(2 marks)
(c)
 Clue from Source I: All people could become officials if they were talented. (1 mark)
 Clue from Source II: After completing military training, adult citizens could vote. (1
mark)
 Own knowledge: All citizens in Athens regardless of wealth could join the Assembly
which was the decision-making body. They could vote on bills, including secret ballots
and be elected as officials by lots. (3 marks)
##

42. Study the source below and answer the questions that follow.
Difficulty: ★☆ (6 marks)

Source I: Description of ancient Greek games

The ancient Greeks held the Olympic Games to honour Zeus. ... Sparta invaded
its neighbouring city-states on the first day of the games. The Spartans were not
allowed to take part in the worship ceremonies. They were also banned from
joining all competitions.

(a) According to Source I, why did the ancient Greeks hold the games? (1 mark)
__________________________________________________________________

(b) According to Source I, why were the Spartans not allowed to take part in the worship
ceremonies of the games? (1 mark)
__________________________________________________________________

(c) Explain the features of the ancient Greek games with reference to the Source, and
using your own knowledge. (2+2 marks)
 Clues from the Source and own knowledge: _____________________________
__________________________________________________________________
 Own knowledge: __________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________

##
(a) They held these games to honour Zeus. (1 mark)
(b) Sparta invaded its neighbouring city-states on the first day of the games.
(1 mark)
(c)
 Clues from the Source and own knowledge: The Olympic Games were held to honour
Zeus. Worship ceremonies were held during the games. (2 marks)
 Own knowledge: The Greek city-states would stop fighting during the Olympic Games.
The games were held every four years. (2 marks)
##
43. Study the source below and answer the questions that follow.
Difficulty: ★☆ (10 marks)

Source I: The Discobolus,《擲鐵餅者》a sculpture

The statue depicts a discus-thrower. The

athlete is in the throwing-position, about
to release his throw. His movement is
beautiful and energetic.

(a) Which of the following people were more likely to have created the Discobolus? Put a
‘✓’ in the appropriate box. (1 mark)
 The ancient Greeks  The ancient Romans

(b) What are the differences between ancient Greek and ancient Roman sculptures in
themes and styles? Explain your answer with reference to the Source, and using your
own knowledge. (4+5 marks)
 Theme: The Discobolus in Source I shows that ____________________________
__________________________________. According to my knowledge, _______
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
 Style: The athlete in Source I is about to release his throw. His movement is
___________________________. According to my own knowledge, __________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________

##
(a)  The ancient Greeks (1 mark)
(b)
 Theme: athletes were a theme of ancient Greek sculptures (1 mark); the themes of
ancient Greek sculpture were also centred on worship activities and myths. (1 mark)
 The statues of ancient Romans were mainly realistic figures, such as emperors and
nobles. (2 marks)
 Style: beautiful and energetic (1 mark); ancient Greek sculptures emphasized on
showing the ideal proportion of the human body, as well as lifelike personality and
body movements. (3 marks) Ancient Roman sculptures emphasized on showing the real
image of mortals. (1 mark)
##

44. Study the source below and answer the questions that follow.
Difficulty: ★☆ (10 marks)

Source I: A meeting of the ancient Roman Senate

Your proposal is against

the advice of the Senate. I propose changing the
As a consul, I will veto laws to give us (consuls)
your proposal. more power.

(a) Identify the period of ancient Rome reflected in Source I. Put a ‘✓’ in the appropriate
box. Support your answer with one clue from Source I, and relevant historical facts. (3
marks)
  Roman Republic  Roman Empire
 Clue from the Source: _______________________________________________
 Historical facts: ____________________________________________________

(b) During the period you mentioned in Question (a), how did the ancient Romans prevent
the rise of absolute rule? Explain your answer with reference to the Source, and using
your own knowledge. (2+5 marks)
 Clues from the Source: _______________________________________________
 __________________________________________________________________
 Own knowledge: ____________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________

##
(a)  Roman Republic (1 mark)
 Clue from the Source: Two consuls were discussing a proposal. (1 mark)
 Historical facts: The Roman Republic was ruled by two consuls. / The Roman Empire
was ruled by the emperor. (1 mark)
(b)
 Clues from the Source: Two consuls were discussing a proposal. They could veto the
proposals of each other. (2 marks)
 Own knowledge: The Roman Republic was ruled by two consuls. They checked and
balanced each other (2 marks). The two consuls were elected by all male citizens,
instead of being hereditary. The government was also divided into executive and
legislative branches. These prevented the rise of absolute rule. (3 marks)
##

45. Study the source below and answer the questions that follow.
Difficulty: ★★ (13 marks)

Source I: Description of the rule of Octavian in ancient Rome

Octavian accepted the title of Augustus. Since then, Rome was an empire
ruled by one man. ... Augustus created a system of government that survived
for centuries. He set up a civil service. Although the Senate still functioned,
the civil servants, who were drawn from plebeians and even former slaves,
actually administered the empire.

(a) According to Source I, what political change happened to ancient Rome when Octavian
accepted the title of Augustus? (2 marks)
Rome changed from ___________________to ___________________ rule.

(b) According to the Source, what was Augustus’ legacy for the Roman Empire? (4 marks)
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
(c) How did the rule of Augustus affect the power of the Senate? Put a ‘✓’ in the
appropriate box and explain your answer with reference to the Source, and using your
own knowledge. (1+6 marks)
 The rule of Augustus  strengthened  weakened the power of the
Senate.
 Before the rule of Augustus: __________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
 After the rule of Augustus: ____________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________

##
(a) republic; imperial (2 marks)
(b) Augustus set up a civil service. The civil servants were drawn from plebeians and even
former slaves. They actually administered the empire. This system of government
continued in the Roman Empire for centuries. (4 marks)
(c)
  weakened (1 mark)
 Before the rule of Augustus: The Senate would give advice to the consuls and appoint
governors. The power of rule was mainly in the hands of the Senate and the two consuls.
(own knowledge) (3 marks)
 After the rule of Augustus: Rome was ruled by one man. Augustus also set up a civil
service which replaced the Senate to rule Rome. (Source I) (2 marks); the rule of
Augustus caused the Senate to lose much of its power. (own knowledge) (1 mark)
##

46. Study the source below and answer the questions that follow.
Difficulty: ★☆ (7 marks)

Source I: A diagram of the Roman republican system

Roman republican system

E
Element of X l Element of Y
e
E m I
l n
e Later, the plebeians
In the early Roman Republic, could
e n elect tribunes who were their
only patricians could become
m
consuls and senators. tL representatives
t
in the Senate.
e a h
n t e
o
(a) Identify the political elements of X and Y in Source I. (2 marks)
X is ______________; Y is ______________.

(b) Explain how the Roman Republic combined the two political elements you identified in
(a) with reference to Source I and using your own knowledge. (5 marks)
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________

##
(a) X is oligarchy (1 mark) ; Y is democracy (1 mark)
(b)
 The Roman Republic consisted of the political elements of oligarchy and democracy.
For the element of oligarchy, until the 5th century BC, only patricians could become
consuls and senators. (Source I and own knowledge) (2 marks)
 For the element of democracy, from the 4th century BC onwards, the plebeians could
elect tribunes who were their representatives in the Senate. Tribunes could veto bills
which were against the will of the plebeians. Besides, Consuls chosen from the
plebeians reflected the increasing power of the majority. (Source I and own knowledge)
(3 marks)
##

47. Study the sources below and answer the questions that follow.
Difficulty: ★★ (13 marks)

Source I: Map of ancient Greece

Source II: Description of ancient Greek nobles
The ancient Greek nobles had their concerns. In some city-states, the nobles

played an important role, and their decisions greatly impacted the city-states’

development. … The nobles strongly wanted freedom and to govern themselves.

Thus, they worked hard to protect their city’s political independence and to

prevent anyone or any group from holding too much power.

(a) According to Source I, where were the ancient Greek city-states concentrated? Put a
(✓) in the appropriate box. (1 mark)
❑ Greek Peninsula ❑ Crete ❑ Asia Minor

(b) Identify the ancient Greek city-states A and B as shown in Source I. (2 marks)
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________

(c) According to Source II, what was the level of participation of ancient Greek nobles in
city-state affairs? Put a (✓) in the appropriate box and explain your answer with
reference to the Source. (1+2 marks)
 Level of participation: ❑ High ❑ Low
Clue(s) from the Source: _____________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________

(d) Why did ancient Greece develop into many city-states instead of a unified nation?
Explain with reference to Sources I and II, and using your own knowledge. (2+5
marks)
Geographical factors: _______________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
Social factors: _____________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________

##
(a) Where ancient Greek city-states concentrated: ☑ Greek Peninsula (1 mark)
(b) City-state A: Athens (1 mark); City-state B: Sparta (1 mark)
(c) Level of participation: ☑ High (1 mark)
Clue(s) from the source: In some city-states, the nobles played an important role, and
their decisions greatly impacted the city-states’ development. (2 marks)
(d) Geographical factors:
Ancient Greece was hilly. As places were separated by various mountains and the
Aegean Sea, the Greeks set up independent city-states. (Source I) (2 marks)
Social factors:
‧ The ancient Greek nobles strongly wanted freedom and to govern themselves.
Thus, they worked hard to protect their city’s political independence. (Source II)
(2 marks)
‧ Social differences also led to different forms of government. For example, a highly
centralized government was developed in Sparta while a democratic government
was developed in Athens. This made it difficult to form a unified nation. (Own
knowledge) (3 marks)
##

48. Study the source below and answer the questions that follow.
Difficulty: ★★ (10 marks)

Source I: Description of the development of the Roman Law

 In the early years of the Roman Republic, the nobles interpreted unclear laws in

any way they liked to protect their interests. This made it hard for plebeians to be

treated fairly by the law. Many did not trust or were dissatisfied with the laws. …

The plebeians started movements to demand clear and open laws. This eventually

led to the making of ‘Code Y’. The clearly stated laws were carved on twelve

bronze tablets, and everyone could go to the forum (廣場) to look at them.

(a) Identify ‘Code Y’ in Source I. (1 mark)

_________________________________________________________________

(b) In the early years of the Roman Republic, how did the plebeians view the laws? Why
did they have such a view? (1+2 marks)
How the plebeians viewed the laws:
_________________________________________________________________
Reason:
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________

(c) ‘The development of laws brought more protection for ancient Roman plebeians.’
Explain this statement with reference to Source I, and using your own knowledge. (6
marks)
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________

##
(a) Code Y: The ‘Law of the Twelve Tables’. (1 mark)
(b) How the plebeians viewed the laws: They did not trust or were dissatisfied with the
laws. (1 mark)
Reason: The nobles interpreted unclear laws in any way they liked to protect their
interests. This made it hard for plebeians to be treated fairly by the law. (2 marks)
(c) Source I: The ‘Law of the Twelve Tables’ (Code Y) was clearly stated. The ancient
 Romans could go to the forum to look at them. This prevented nobles from
interpreting unclear laws in any way they liked. (3 marks)
Own knowledge: Roman law stressed the natural rights of citizens. These rights could
not be taken away by the government. (1 mark) Citizens were equal before the law.
They had the right to a fair trial and to appeal. (2 marks)
##