SIMILAR TRIAGNLE - 2 ASSIGNMENT 1
SIMILAR TRIANGLES - 2
1. ABCD is a trapezium with AB||CD and AB = 2CD. If the diagonals meet at O, then prove that 3AO
= 2AC. If AD and BC meet at F, then prove that AD = DF.
2. (CHNMOL/1991) ABCD is a trapezium with AB || CD and AB < DC. AC and BD intersect at E, EF
|| AB, intersecting BC at F . Given that AB = 20; CD = 80; BC = 100, then EF is
(A) 10, (B) 12, (C) 16, (D) 18.
3. P is any point with ABC. Q is a point outside ABC such that CBQ = ABP and BCQ =
BAP. Show that the triangles PBQ and ABC are similar.
4. (CHINA/1990) In the isosceles right triangles ABC, B = 90°, AD is the median on BC. Write AB =
BC = a. If BE ⊥ AD, intersecting AC at E, and EF ⊥ BC at F then EF is
1 1 2 2
(A) a (B) a (C) a (D) a
3 2 3 5
5. (CHINA/1997) ABC is an isosceles right triangle with C = 90°,M, N are on AB such that MCN
= 45°.Write AM = m, MN = x, BN = n. Then the triangle formed by taking x, m, n as the lengths of
it three sides is
(a) An acute triangle (b) A right triangle
(c) An obtuse triangle (d) Not determined
By simplification, we have x2 = m2 + n2, therefore the triangle is a right triangle , the answer is (B)
6. ABCD is a trapezium with AB || CD and the diagonals meets at O. If XOY ||AB meets AD and BC at
X and Y then prove that XO = OY.
7. ABCD is a parallelogram. A straight line through A meets BD at X, BC at Y and DC at Z. Prove that
AX : XZ = AY : AZ
SIMILAR TRIAGNLE - 2 2
ANSWER KEY
2. (c) 4. (a) 5. (b)
SOLUTIONS
1. ABCD is a trapezium with AB||CD and AB = 2CD. If the diagonals meet at O, then prove that 3AO
= 2AC. If AD and BC meet at F, then prove that AD = DF.
Sol.
AOB COD [By AA]
OA AB
=
OC CD
OA = 2OC
3
AC = OA + OC = OA
2
2AC = 3OA
(ii) FDC FAB
CD FD
=
AB FA
1 FD
=
2 FA
FA = 2FD
FD = DA
2. (CHNMOL/1991) ABCD is a trapezium with AB || CD and AB < DC. AC and BD intersect at E, EF
|| AB, intersecting BC at F . Given that AB = 20; CD = 80; BC = 100, then EF is
(A) 10, (B) 12, (C) 16, (D) 18.
Ans (c)
SIMILAR TRIAGNLE - 2 3
Since BEF ~ BDCand CEF ~ CAB
EF BF EF CF
= & =
DC BC AB BC
1 1
EF + = 1,
80 20
EF
= 1, EF = 16
16
3. P is any point with ABC. Q is a point outside ABC such that CBQ = ABP and BCQ =
BAP. Show that the triangles PBQ and ABC are similar.
Sol. APB CQB By AA
AB PB
=
BC QB
AB BC
=
PB QB
ABC = ABP + PBC
= BQC + PBC
= QBP
ABC PBQ
4. (CHINA/1990) In the isosceles right triangles ABC, B = 90°, AD is the median on BC. Write AB =
BC = a. If BE ⊥ AD, intersecting AC at E, and EF ⊥ BC at F then EF is
SIMILAR TRIAGNLE - 2 4
1 1 2 2
(B) a (B) a (C) a (D) a
3 2 3 5
Sol. (A)
From BAD = EBF we have Rt ABD ~ RtEBF. Then
AB BF
2= =
BD EF
EFC ~ ABC,
EF = FC,
BF
=2
FC
EF FC 1
= =
AB BC 3
1 1
EF = AB = a.
3 3
5. (CHINA/1997) ABC is an isosceles right triangle with C = 90°,M, N are on AB such that MCN
= 45°.Write AM = m, MN = x, BN = n. Then the triangle formed by taking x, m, n as the lengths of
it three sides is
(a) An acute triangle (b) A right triangle
(c) An obtuse triangle (d) Not determined
Sol (B)
MCN = A = B = 45 , MCN ~ CAN ~ MBC ,
BC x+m
=
x+n AC
BC = AC
BC2 = ( x + n )( x + m )
2BC2 = AB2
2 ( x + m )( x + n ) = ( m + x + n )
2
By simplification, we have x2 = m2 + n2, therefore the triangle is a right triangle , the answer is (B)
6. ABCD is a trapezium with AB || CD and the diagonals meets at O. If XOY ||AB meets AD and BC at
X and Y then prove that XO = OY.
Sol
SIMILAR TRIAGNLE - 2 5
BOY BDC
OY BO
=
CD BD
AOX ACD
OX AO
=
CD OC
AOB COD
AO OB
=
OC OD
OY OX
=
CD CD
OX = OY
7. ABCD is a parallelogram. A straight line through A meets BD at X, BC at Y and DC at Z. Prove that
AX : XZ = AY : AZ
Sol.
AY CD
= = BPT ....(i)
YZ CZ
AXB ~ ZXD
XZ DZ
=
AX AB
CD + CZ XZ
=
AB AX
SIMILAR TRIAGNLE - 2 6
CZ XZ
1+ =
AB AX
ZY XZ
1+ = (from (i))
AY AX
AZ XZ
=
AY AX
