Q. What is Collaborative Computing?
State Its Relevance for Success of E-
commerce.
Collaborative Computing refers to a set of activities where people interact and work
together using various digital devices such as desktops, laptops, palmtops, and advanced
mobile phones. It enhances person-to-person communication by allowing users to share,
modify, and collaboratively create data and information in real-time or asynchronously.
Relevance for Success of E-commerce:
• The growth of the Internet and e-commerce has increased competition significantly.
• Collaborative computing supports better communication and cooperation among
stakeholders like customers, suppliers, and internal teams.
• The design and usability of e-commerce websites are critical for success, and
collaborative input from multidisciplinary experts helps improve these aspects.
• A well-designed interface, enabled by collaborative tools, satisfies consumer needs,
enhances user experience, and leads to higher customer retention.
• Effective collaboration contributes to faster problem-solving, improved customer
service, and seamless online transactions, which are essential for a successful e-
commerce platform.
Q. What is Meant by Technological Convergence? What Are Its Implications?
Technological Convergence refers to the process where different technological systems
evolve to perform similar or complementary tasks, often by integrating previously separate
technologies such as voice, data, and video. This merging allows these technologies to share
resources and interact synergistically, leading to increased efficiency and new capabilities.
Implications of Technological Convergence:
• It enables the creation of convergent services that combine fixed-line and mobile
technologies.
• Examples include:
o Using the Internet for voice telephony (VoIP)
o Video on Demand (VoD)
o Fixed-Mobile Convergence (seamless switching between fixed and mobile
networks)
o Mobile-to-Mobile Convergence
o Location-Based Services
o Integrated product bundles combining multiple services
• Key convergent technologies supporting this include:
o IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS)
o Session Initiation Protocol (SIP)
o IPTV (Internet Protocol Television)
o VOIP (Voice Over Internet Protocol)
o Voice Call Continuity (seamless handover between networks)
o Digital Video Broadcasting - Handheld (DVB-H)
o Video On Demand technologies
This convergence enhances communication capabilities, reduces costs, and offers more
flexible and integrated user experiences.
Q. Write short notes on the following:
a) Content Management:
Content Management (CM) refers to the set of processes and technologies used to collect,
manage, and publish information in various forms or media, especially digital content. Digital
content can include text (documents), multimedia files (audio, video), or any other file type
that follows a lifecycle requiring management. Different organizations—like news agencies,
e-commerce sites, and educational institutions—use content management differently, which
leads to variations in terminology and processes.
The content lifecycle includes:
• Creation by one or more authors
• Editing and revision
• Editorial oversight and approval for publication
• Publishing (which could mean distributing content or granting access rights)
• Eventually, the content may be retired or replaced by newer content
b) Collaborative Computing:
Collaborative computing involves people interacting and working together using digital
devices such as desktops, laptops, tablets, and smartphones. It enhances communication by
enabling users to share, modify, and co-create data and information in real time or
asynchronously, which is essential for the success of modern e-commerce systems.
