SYNONYMS &ANTONYMS
Words Synonyms Antonyms
devotion * loyalty, dedication (sijiUSD*ÜL;, LILLU`$) disloyalty* (ol h6J13UÝD)
maturity mentaldevelopment, growth (p jif) immaturity ((p$j4suip)
hope belief (5LDLÍ HDB) despair (si jas)
humanity humanness (Dai5G5ID) cruelty, inhumanity (w6i BTLDTSILD0D)
2LUGB)
outskirt remote/outer part of a city (yBb#j uG) centre, interior (2Lgu,
cautious careful, watchful, heedful(b6J6ILDI6I) careless, reckless (B516ILDBD)
disapprove condemn, decline, refuse, deny (61jou)accept, approve, allow (JBgHbB1151lS)
shabby unttdy, ill-dressed (9HUBBSTOULOT6J1, iigLD0sT) smart, royal (G5b5 WT6s1, bo1)
skinny lean and thin (psiauT6J1, GDs b5) fat (u(hD61161)
gazing look steadily (Jna GI51GHA) glancing (GLDBaUTLLæuTjDN)
tangled uncombed, twisted (uJL60)L, 60LÜLÊIQ`) disentangled, straight ($bhù aUTB)
frivolous, indifferent (4LFWDT51)
earnest Senous,sncere (9 60160)LDLIT6JT abdN6IÊLI)
strangely unusual (5l åunEDIB, 6GH1g5LDIT S) familiar (UpåsDT601) usual (6bSLDTS1)
barely hardly, plainly, seldom,scarcely (f515) significantly, easily (1ofi 51%)
brisk active, energetic (uJUJÜLIT601) inactive, lethargic, lazy (LobLT61).
slackened * reduced*, lethargic, inactive (uDbBIDI61) increased, brisk. active (&6s5LDT591)
greeted welcomed (6g Gousps) ignore (56l1HHÜ)
provoked aroused (GI 6sö1 G6b) allay(sn bsÜUbi5).unprovoked(Bn6siT ÜLLT)
artless * imocent", guileless* (a wiD, iLISigSI0D) Cunning (5uLLOT1, 6JhF 5LDT931)
lively active, energetic (315DÜTS) inactive, lazy, dull(LOBIDT5)
steady firm (AULUT 601, `yn 61) unstable (6)6OLIBD)
engaging attractive, charming, pleasant (61ÍBfbsD) unattractive, repulsive, mean (GougÚUTS1)
frequently regularly(gHBI9) seldom, scarcely, barely ( f 5I5)
conducted directed, guided (6usTL G360) misguided (BiBT 6 BTL6B)
deserted * uninhabited,unoccupied (G5uDsBsTLQL) crowded*, inhabited* occupied (GIQuihoBU)
pale dim, blur, white, unclear (LDTHIB6UT 60I) bright, clear, strong, dark (G56ff ou1 601)
emigrate take citizenship of another country (LsuiGuuijga) immigrate (5g&uBBU), stay (3á3~ob)
vexation * annoyance* (G51ULD/6fl 5UDL HU) patience( 95DDÉ).happy*, delight (Dsigts)
tiny small, miniature (fngluu) huge, large, giant (ufu)
destination endpoint (gg iG BF(6LÔL LD) start, opening, beginning (GTL`si)
proud *
humble * simple, modest (s16fisoDUTSA, A HBDNSN ) grand (igoDT68LLLDIT6J1)
Scarce* insufficient, deficient, rare (f515) abundant, suffice, plentiful (6JJT6TLD T61)
leaped jumped (GZ B851G56Ü).
determinedly resolutely (fTIDT6ALOT5, 2 DISuT61) desultory, unambitiously (Lfuub6ing)
blinked flickered, twinkled (DLG36U)
chatter
a series of short, quick high-pitched sounds silence (a6DDÂ).
(HBIDT691 HHH|L6ÖI AJLDL APBBO) whisper (GLD6U6DÜGLJ)
tender soft, kind (LnN(ChHJYNT5) hard, unkind (5196ILDIT 6S1)
resemblance being alike (96[HH56Ü) difference, dissimilar, unalike, contrast (uDTIgILLL
murmured whispered (ypmIPDIHHaN) shouted, screamed (bHBIB6Ü)
intrude enter without penission, intemupt (GIBHG55) neglect, 1gnore, shun (3olj 56)
keen, enthusiastic (gi6JLD5) uneager, apathetic, unenthusiastic (aTo16DLD)
eager
horribly awfully, terribly (660DUIT S01) pleasantly (HDITS)
starvation hunger, appetite, lack of food (uâ, U=198î) nourished, well-fed (6mouT6T 60161|)
wtsteam [Link]
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PROS
Prose 1. Two Gentlemen of Verona & 13
exposure disclosure, publicity (GsaluG BBÜ) concealment, hiding (psopjB) 6051Ha)
resistance ban, refusal, opposition (61it HÜ) acceptance, approval (951G51601(5H5Ü)
persuaded convinced, induced (siDisiGsi6D) dissuaded, repressed (siADgäs 6§ 1Ê (GHHÂ)
progresS improvement, develop(poi Boabsb) worsening, degrade (Lsi giiIG,Ba)
nobility dignity, virtue (_6Ö1601 95 Lb) dishonour, humiliation (AAADUT6D 5)
Phrasalverbs used in this lesson
had on wearing clothes, shoes, etc.,
set off start
far beyond more than something
relied upon dependent on
resting upon to rest on someone supportively
burst out startor utter suddenly, blurt out
putout upset, troubled
drew up to drive up to a place
propped up prevent one from falling by placing something under t (pLGaGsnGS) LDJ DUHH0
amidst in the middle of LDHul6iæ, BG6l6
grew to todevelop gradually
BOOK BACK QUESTIONS
1. Answer the following questions in one or two sentences each based on your understanding of the story.
a)Who did the narrator meet at the outskirts of Verona?
The narrator met the two brothers,Nicola and Jacopo at the outskirts of Verona.
b) Why did the driver not approveof the narrator buying fruits from the boys? (SEP-21)
The boys werewearing old and worn-outclothes with tangled hair. The boys? shabby appearance
made the driver to oppose the narrator to buy fruits from them.
(JUL-22)
c)The boys did not spend much on clothes and food. Why?
The boys preferred to save money for their sister's tuberculosis treatment. So, they did not
spend much onclothes and food.
d) Were the boys saving money to go to the States? How do you know?
No, the boys were not saving money to go to the States. Because they said that they were saving
money for their sister's treatment.
e) Why did the author avoid going to Lucia's room?
The two brothers were talking to. Lucia. The author did not want to disturb the happy family
party. So, he avoided going to Lucia'sroom.
Note: narrator - %60)5 GsnUUOuT ; outskirts - yBbaB0T; apprOve - 6DDlbGb16i16Tl6U; tangled hair - uJL60L bDaLPI?:
shabby appearance - GIGBI16DLDI 601 G1pD: preferred - 6 (hOLIH6Ü; interfere - 6)oui Gs6u
) What was Lucia suffering from?
Lucia was suffering from tuberculosis of the spine.
g) What made the boys join the resistance movement against the Germans? (PTA-3)
During war, Germans killed the boys' father and bombarded their house. Thev starved and lived in rubble.
Their sister became ill. Thus, their hate towards Germans made the boys join the resistance movement.
Note: tuberculosis of the spine resistance movement
bombarded - GouQGJIG 5TÉHGHIÜ; starved - ILIQ6Í; rubble -QLITGB60
wa
PROSE
14 Way to Succes5 - 12" English
h) What made the boys work so hard? (MAR - 24)
The boys needed money for their sister's tubereulosis treatment. This made them to work So hard.
i)Why didn't the boys disclose their problem to the author?
The boys didn't disclose their problem to the narrator. because they did not want anybody's
Sympathy or charity. They accepted their responsibility tosave their sister from the disease.
Note: disclose DSJLD 6lLGL GIH6); sympathy - TLID; Charity B(h60)6001; responsibility
2. Answer the following questions in three or four sentences each.
a)Bescribe the appearance of Nicola and Jacopo. (SEP-20, PTA-1,6, JUN-23)
Nicola was wearing a damaged jersey and cut-off khaki pants. Jacopo was wearimg a
Shortened army tunic gathered in loose folds about his skinny frame. They both had brown
skins, tangled hair and dark earnest eyes.
b) What were the various jobs undertaken by the little bovs / Nicola and Jacopo?
The little boys sold fruits and newspapers, shined shoes, guided tourists round the town and
did allpossible errands. (MAR - 24,MAY-22, MAR-20, MDL- 19)
cYHow did the narrator help the boys on Sunday? (MAR-23)
The narrator helpedthe boys by dropping them to Poleta inhis car on Sunday. It is their native
village where their sister was getting treatment.
ý Whotook the author to the cubicle?
A pleasant-looking woman wearing steel-rimmed spectacles and the white uniform of a trained
nurse took the author to the cubicle.
Note: jersey GLogsi 6L; army tunic - S051 GDoUTGDL; skinny frame - GLDelsg5 LÓN, cubicle
dark earnest eyes- 6h5 B(bH HI6 slus B6ri 56i; pleasant-looking woman
errands - JJ6) LISfilsoi; steel-rimmed spectacles - .'85È FLL GuTLL B6UÖ151T Q
eBescribe the girl with whom the boys were talking to in the cubicle.
The girl with whom the boys were talking was their sister, Lucia. She was about 20 years old and
resembled her brothers. She was supported on pillows, wearing a pretty lace jacket. Her eves
were soft and tender.
) Recount the untold sufferings undergone by the siblings after they were rendered homeless.
After the siblings were rendered homeless, they suffered from starvation and exposed to the cold
winter. They stayed in a sort of shelter, made by themselves amidst the rubble Their sister
wassuffering from tuberculosis of the spine. They did all errands to save money for
her treatment.
o) The narrator did not utter a word and prererred tO keep
the secret to himself. why?
Substantiate the statement with reference to the story.
kor understood that the boys did not want
al+hot their secret was safe and not
anybody's sympathy and charity. He wanted the
revealed to the narrator. So, he did not utter aword
Note: resembled - 5GiGN: pillow - 5606DID01: tende.
LblGHI6UT6; siblings - 2L6T LigioJ0T H60 ;
rendered homeless - LDpouiTSSITS lLIuLL; starvation - u I990: exnosed
5hlLU; amidst - QoiofiliLUGiD; utter
Oe G): Sort of shelter - 9 51600 BUIT601
preferred KRl
