APIS72 STUDY GUIDE 4. Introduction to Pressure Vessels ‘Common types ofindusty pressure vessel Columns ‘Towers Drums Reactor Heat exchangers ‘Condensers Bullets Spears ‘Accumulator: 1. The item(s) that must be given attention when inspecting riveted vessel ar; ‘A. Casson sap fo es B. Strapped bars for corsion. (C Fayededges for deterioration. D. Caulededges for leaks 2. The following dscribes what ype of constuction for pressure vessel? The cylcical section is made up of a numberof thin concentic cylinders fbecated together, one over the ‘ihe, uml the desire thickness is obtained. [A Borland reactor wall method, B. Compessed ring method. . Maltyer method _ Muitving compessed wall 3, Prior t 1930, what speciation was une pressure vessels ult to in refineries? ‘A. APUASME Code for Unfreé Pressure Veses fo Petoleum Liquids and Gus, B. Specifications ofthe user or manufactre. .Jurisctional requirement ifany existed. . Therewere no standards or specifications prio to 1930 “4 Spherial vessels re sully supported by: |. Stel olumas tached to the shel, or by skins B.Concste sabe, ‘C-Completely supported by resting onthe ground . Earthen embankments Page tof tS$5. Inthe US. exchangers are manufactured to; A.ADEWA BLASME BSI 3 CAP Standards 665 and 661. DAPI Standards 660 and 661, 6 Four prneipl strip ining methods for vessels are; ‘A. Fille bu, butt strap, ogee and the Jacobson moe. 'B, Shingle, bt strap, ogaefcap and the filet bu. CBuitstrap Jacobson modified, ouaeleap and the shingle D, Shingle, scobvon masie, filet bat Page2 of 155, Reasons for Inspection |. Basie reasons for Inspections are; ‘To determine the physical condition of the vessel ‘To determine the type rate and cause of damage mechanisms and associated deterioration, 2. Whatis one of the ost important elements in providing lib in a vessel's operation? ‘A. Proper welding procedures in acordance with the ASME cose B. Regular scheduled extemal inspections made daring equipment operation. (C. Highly tained operations personne. D. Avoidance of operational upsets and ser. 3. One advantage of dong extemal inspections while vessel sin sevice ss |A. The vessels do not then quite an tral inspection, B. The plant ean continu o operate until the vessels shows sgn of fling (©. The required work lad can be reduce forthe vessels ding ot of service inspections, '. Extra personnel canbe eliminated during shutdown period, Page 30f 151. Frequency and Extent of Inspection “Theinailiyto daw th prods atonation or disiltion fom ceain ays may ‘A Indieate outing or los of tray prs process tower B. Indicate that instrumentation is giving false readings. C. Prove thatthe piping diameter ito smal 1: India thatthe tray ave lot al bubble caps or tay valves, or possibly the tray has collapsed 2. What isthe most important factor(s) n determining the inspection fequeney ofa pressure A. Date placed in serve |B. Rate of deterioration andthe corresponding remaining useful i (C. Remaining corrosion allowance, D, Rats of deterioration. Page of 58. Safety Precautions and Preparatory work 1. On cession, tmay be desirable to entera vessel before thas been properly cleaned if this isthe case what API publication deserts the precautions nesessay forenty? APL22884. api 2256C. ‘AP12134B. ‘APIRDITA, Pp ogame ‘Use of nondestructive doves for inspection of vessel is subject o requirements customarily met in gaseous atmosphere, whee can list of these gaseous slmospheres be found? OSHA 1910. ‘APL publication 2217A and 2214 +7 AAPLRP S72 APL, oper Page Sof 1S9. Inspection Methods and Limitations 71. Which inspection technique ca be used when inspecting fr CUlt0 measure meta Arcs ough insti? usr TorDuT Poked ET Phased ary UT A 3 c D of eee Y major are of concer fr crack damage on beay wall hydro: Processing eters? eciled eur nozzle Botlom bead and shall ‘tachment wel (@) ofa intemal component Upper sell and op head poee A pressure vessel is in service and has no comosion data availabe, Where should theknes eadings be taken? At east one ofeach shel couse, ead and nozzle ‘One in each quadrant ofeach shel couse and ead (ne ineach quadrant on each shel course a pe-fot intervals ‘atone foot spacing on exch shell couse 4 Comosion tab of same material an thickness as lining is installed when vessel is _A. Which ofthe following echnigues i considered the primary means fo determine the minim thickness of vesels components? [Atoat ample emoves fom athin area Measuring from a corroded aes ‘Any stable destuctive method of examination ‘Ueasoaie hickness measurements Before stating the inspection of pressure ves, expecially on in severe service, the inspector ould determine; 'A.The pressure and tmpertue conditions under which the vesselhas been operated since the fist inspetion '. The pressure and temperature conditions under which the vessel has been operated rng the period since the ln tow inspections Cc. The pressure and temperature conditions under which the vessel has been operated since the eorent inspection. . The pressure and tempersture conditions under which the vessel has been operated since the ls inspection. Page 6 915|) 7. While inspecting an operting vesel you observe that cracks re present in the connecting ‘welds fora gauge pis, you also notice vibrations are ocsuring inthe eesmbly. Before you ‘recommend coretvesctions you should; ‘A. Re-evalunte the materials used in the fabrication ofthe gauge elas B. Write arepor ofthe leston with a resommendation forthe pe of repairs needed ‘C-Reseach the inspeton records for previous ule ofthis pe. Check with pressure vessel engicer ose ifthe cack are caused hy fatigue fare, £8. Which one ofthe following types of costing failures may not easily detected? A.Fitm iting BRast C. Blister, D. Film dispersions. 9. Ordinarily non-metal coatings ad ining canbe mos effectively inspected by what technique? ‘A Law holiday tester. B. Radiography. Hammer testing Using high voltage low curent brush type elecwode device. (Spark Tester) dé ‘A major concen) when inspecting a nozzle Mange face is/are; ‘A. Brand name ofthe longs 'B. Brand name of the gaskets wed inthe Mange (Surface corosin nthe bolt cle. _. Distortion ofthe lange an te condition of the gasket seating surfaces. AL. Which ofthe Following describes a mck in metal? ‘A. Cracks run parallel othe surface. B.Cracks ran at right angles tthe surface (C.Cracks re usualy wide tone end and arrow athe oer, Cracks uma obtse angles to the surface 12. Which of the folowing describes lamination ia metal plate? ‘A. Laminations usually represent large cavities. ‘Laminations are fish mouth ype openings and are ony found on the eiges of plate, (CLaminatons rn at slant othe plat surice. . Laminations run at an obuse ange to the pat surface, Page 7 of IS13. One major aea of concer when inspecting ay wires fora vessels crevice corosen, were does his aecur? “A. On the fee end ofthe tum buckle Blnthe threaded areas (C.Onthe guy wires 1. Where the wires contct ground 14 If white sats are found at cracks in a vessel; ‘Ait is an indication that he vessel contains an alkaline bse chemical Bt isan indication thatthe vesel contains an acid based chemical itis an indeton tat the vesel contains alow pH chemical itis an indian thatthe vessel had buen operated above nomal temperatures 2-15. When looking for surface crac na vessel made of ferous material which ofthe fllowing isthe most capable of detection? ‘A Fluorescent Penetrte Method B. Radiograpty Fluorescent agnetc Particle Method. Clow visual Inspertion with good ighting. 16, The major of vessel foundations are constructed using: ‘A. High grade load bering) concrete compounds Struct soe Rreproofed wih concrete C-Conorete enforced with peljmes , Stuur sie ova with refactor. AT The iaspecion ofa vessel to determine i performed By; hydrogen blister present is ofan best A. Researching the inspection records. B. Determine the vesss material tose i hydrogen tack is ikely, Shining fash ight paral! othe vessel's surface. 1D. Recommending metallurgical ss fr blisters ina laboratory AS. When pegmring to inspect a vessel which as had previous Inspections whats theta step in preparton forthe inspection? 'A. Assemble al the equred tooo perform the inspection, B. Review previous inpetion records. Advise maitenance of any antepated repair ' Insure tha al non-destructive examinations required have been schedule, Page Bo 8.19. Pisin comosion usually found ina vesel by what means? ‘A Thickness measurement at ll the compass points at one fot interval. 1B Seratching wih a pointed scraper (C-Each shell course and hea shal be subjected to abrasive basting D. Esch shell course and head shal be wire bused thorough. 20, Heavy wal process hydro-arbon rectors opeat at high pressures and hve special inspection requirements chit among these requirements ae inspections for what pe of problem? ‘A. Laminations of the heavy wall plates used in constuction, B. Crack damage Upset tay and down comers. _D. Severe earosion ia the top head due to corrosive vapors generated in the process 21, Whioh ofthe following methods may not be wed to determine the minimum thickness of pressure vessel? ‘A. Any suitable NDE. 1B Measurements though dled test holes C- Gauging fom un coroded areas. . Saw son gnuging methods 22, Which ofthe following contained in shadge wil cause rapid corrosion? A. Solid panicles B. Liquid droplets. C. Acidic component. . Gas suspended sli paces. 25. The primary purpose of metalic linings is, ‘A. Increase the thickness ofthe vessel wal to resist internal pressure B. Protect the pressure vessel wall fom eorosion and or ersion. © Serve a internal insulation, D. Prevent contamination ofthe contents 24 atige cracking occuring ina vessel con bea sign of ‘A Over pressure 2. Formation shock. Johnson eet D. Excesive cyclic steses, Page 9 of 1S25, External corosion ons and ladders mos likely to occur where; ‘A. Stagnant pool of chemicals alec On pats where moisture is llowed to collect, {C.The adders ar not punted wit an epoxy. 1D Vesela lated wit a northem exposure 26, Spling ofa foundation's fre proofing con be caused by: ‘A. Chlorides found in coastal atmospheres. Leaching of ground cotainates Snow bom contaminant in northem climates. D. Freezing of rapped moisture 27-Inoréerto inspect anchor bols beneath the surface of encretefountion we; {A Use eddy current testing onthe top ofthe bol. ‘B.Probe carefully witha pick slong the bolt base CC. Probe aggressively along the bolts base D Uses sideways blow wit hammer. 28. setting of vessel is evden th things that must be checked in he vessel are, ‘A. Adjacent machinery for setlement. 'B Ground conditions fr wate leaks that undermine the vessel foundation C-Distion and racking which may have ccsured tthe vessel's nozzles Sinking ofthe water able in th ate, so, catalytic reformers have been known to experience creep when operated at temperatures; A. Greate than 850 F CB-Giste tban 9008 C-Grester than 850 F if ot solution annealed. .Grester than 900 F ifnot nomalized. /30-The Following is te sateen about wounding ommotons for vessels ‘A. the mandatory resistance maximum vale 15 ohms The mandatory resistance maximum is 10 ons. (C15 1025 ohms or les, bt jurisdictions rules may determine maximum values of resistance and should be checked. 35 ohms maximum. 531. The following types of external evdenes of corrosion may not be found on vessels; A Atmosphere. Caustic embroiimet. Hydrogen blistering, . Kline's Erosive Phenomena Page 100f 15532. Leaks in a vessel ae bes found using what test method? [A Vacuum testing. B. Acoustic emisions testing C Pressure testing D, Variable augmented pressure testing 33, Practonators, processing high temperature sulfur crude are susceptible corrosion. ‘Where the comoson the mast ictense? ‘A. Inthe heat affected zones of welds. Bn stagnant areas ofthe vessel which has poor circulation tat allows concentration ofthe chemicals, CInthe bottom head an shell course 1. Inthe top head and shell couse. 534. When a vessel is intlyhydrostaticallytstd one of he goa side effects an bs; [A Beneficial stress eisribtion at defects, B.A thorough internal fusing. Distortion, . The vessels shell ofen becomes perfectly round 35. An insitu chemical test an be administered to vesel pars to detenine the typeof material ‘hat has been used inthe vessel's constuction, Which ofthe following he mame of one such chemical ‘A Bore acid in» 20%oton of dsiled wate. Bi. Nica : Phosphaicaid D. Notch stare possible inst, tepan samples must be sent to kboraory. 346, How may cracks be made to standout rom te surounding areas beng inspected? [A Highly burishing he area B. Abrasive git blasting. CC. Abrasive rit blasting followed by etching. . Etching followed by abmsive grit blasting 37. Who should make te decision to repan metal fom a vessel fr meallurgcal evalston? AThe APLinspector 1B The APL Authorized Inspector, Che NBIC Authorized Inspector. 'D. Someone who knows how analyze the problems elated to repairing the sample holes. Page 11 of 18‘3, How may carburized austenite stainless see sometimes be detected? A. By chemical testing sta By the use oF a mage. 'C.Xery furescence D.Trepanning. 39. When testing a vessel pneumatically what shouldbe on hand oa inthe vise A. Abeer BInsultrs to remove te insulation . Soap soltion or ulravonie sound detector. . Acoustic embsion eqaipment 40, The spk est suse for, A. taspecton of eas inglss, paste or rubber linings. ‘Determining the ches voailiy and corrosive nature of e substance. Metallurgical detemiation of alloys and their chemist. Determining te chemical composition of deposit ina vessel 41. Vessels in water serie are subject o maximum earosion where ‘A. Cooling waters are hgh inp 8 Cooling waters are low ia PEL C. Water temperatures a highest 1. Water tempertues re lowes 42, Nonmetali inngsare often used to feduce the effets ofcoresion, ny breaks inthe lining reduce i effectiveness snsierbly these breaks are sometimes refered ts; A.Vacstions. B. Holidays C Brooches D. Cavers 43. The performance ofsome rays a proces vessel depends on; ‘A.The weight of tb Mid B. The temperature of te id C-The wscsiy ofthe Iai 1. The amount of leakage ocurrng atthe ty. 4, When inspecting ira ofa catalytic eactr, the inspection will mostly consist of what? ‘A Ulrasonie measurement 1. Profile radiogapy. Line seaming. D, Ws inspection with some picking and sraping. Page 12 of 1848, During an inspection ofa pressure vessel which has previously been in service, thickness ‘measurement location shouldbe taken based on ‘A. Locations uring previous inspection cycles. B, Areas that have thing. CC. Ateas wien nave the most deterraion, or deterioration i wie spread enough feadingsbasare an accurate determination ofthe remaining thickness, D. Areas tha haves known problem only. 46, Cracks inves are mos likely t occur in vessels in what locations? |. At sharp changes in shape, size or ner wed scams. BL Atweld cums CC. Attachment weld for intra D. Whore previous repairs ave ben performed. 7. Hamm Test i used to supplement visual examination. Which ofthe following is not ‘xs for the inspecurs hammer ar decribed in APRIP.S72? |A. Check for sracs in metallic inings B, Dislodg sale or debi in piping upstream ofa catalyst bed C. Check frie lack of tond in concrete of refactor ining DD. Check thetighmess of ves, bolts, brackets, Page 13 oF 1510. Condition Assessment and Repair 1. Before any repair toa pressure vessel in accordance with its code of constuction, what if any ‘aiionl requirement or inspection may ned tobe considered? [A Jurisdictional quirements that might override the API S10 CODE, B. Who is doing the repair? C.The quality of the pat materials 1D. The toed for qualified welding procedures 2. Some juriditons gute that welded repairs toa pressure vesel be documented by the ‘completion and fling of, [A.A detied report ofthe locaton and extent of reps 1 A qualifications record of al repair personne CC. A permit esd by the jurisdiction 1D. Thecational Boer of Boiler and Pressure Vessel Inspectors Form “R-I™ 3 Wiy should weld probe or tepan inspection methods be avoided ital possible? {A The repsirconcem wil normally charge more to epi thse destructive ets sitesi the vessel 'B, These types of desretve test site (holes ae dieu torepair andthe weld quay of such epi ikely tobe oor. CC. Most jurisdictions prohibit such destctve test. 1D. NDE personne! ae ill equiped o text such site pric torepar 4. fa rachis discovered in a base metal it should be completly removed and then the {xcaaton examined using an appropiate NDE technique before a weld real isatempred ‘A concer the must be addressed in thi repai presse that, ‘This typeof repair i dificult to make in the overhead wong postion. ‘The crack length must not exceed 6 times the base metal thickness, Any effort to remove the crack using ae gouging may cause the crack o grow. ‘The crack tips must be dil hole stopped pris to welding ‘5 What must an inspestor consider when recommending the filling of is with an epoxy? [A Is this permite bythe repair concer? Willis epoxy hold up inthis sevice? CC. Thestrength the epoxy wl add base metal being repre 'D. What willbe requred ocean the pits prior tapplicatica ofthe epoxy? 6. 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