Vietnam Logistics Research and Development Institute

5th Floor, Saigon Port Building, Dist 4, HCMC

Tel: (+84) 28 7301 8689 – Email: [email protected]
Website: www.vli.edu.vn

WELCOME TO
NATIONAL/INTERNATIONAL CARRIAGE BY
INLAND WATERWAY

(INLAND WATER TRANSPORT)

FIATA Diploma in International Freight Management

Module 8 – Inland Waterway Transport © Copyright 2021, Vietnam Logistics Research
and Development Institute
 MODULE OBJECTIVES
The learner should be able to:
v Describe how inland waterway transport is organized
v List the most common barges and their particularities
v Explain the documents to be used and give information on the pricing of
freight shipped in barge
v Name the most important navigable waterways

FIATA Diploma in International Freight Management

Module 8 – Inland Waterway Transport © Copyright 2021, Vietnam Logistics Research
and Development Institute
 MODULE CONTENTS
Chapter 1: LEGAL REQUIREMENTS OF TRANSPORT BY
INLAND WATERWAY
Chapter 2: TYPES OF BARGES USED IN INLAND WATERWAY
CARRIAGE
Chapter 3: WAYBILLS AND ACCOMPANYING DOCUMENTS
Chapter 4: DETERMINATION OF FREIGHT CHARGES FOR
INLAND WATERWAY TRANSPORT
Chapter 5: GEOGRAPHY OF INLAND WATERWAY
FIATA Diploma in International Freight Management
Module 8 – Inland Waterway Transport © Copyright 2021, Vietnam Logistics Research
and Development Institute
Welcome to CHAPTER 1

FIATA Diploma in International Freight Management

Module 8 – Inland Waterway Transport © Copyright 2021, Vietnam Logistics Research
and Development Institute
 CHAPTER 1. LEGAL REQUIREMENTS
OF TRANSPORT BY INLAND WATERWAY
Learning Objective:
v The student should be able to describe the international conventions,
regulations and conditions governing inland waterway transport in Europe
and those of Vietnam and the GMS (Greater Mekong Sub-regions)

Contents
ü Agreements between the countries concerned
ü Conditions of carriage
ü Legal framework
ü Conditions for the transport of dangerous goods ADN
FIATA Diploma in International Freight Management
Module 8 – Inland Waterway Transport © Copyright 2021, Vietnam Logistics Research
and Development Institute
 EUROPEAN SYSTEM

1. The Mannheim Convention – Rhine River

2. Objectives of the Manheim Convention
3. The central Commission for Navigation on the Rhine
4. Legal Framework

FIATA Diploma in International Freight Management

Module 8 – Inland Waterway Transport © Copyright 2021, Vietnam Logistics Research
and Development Institute
 Rhine River

FIATA Diploma in International Freight Management

Module 8 – Inland Waterway Transport © Copyright 2021, Vietnam Logistics Research
and Development Institute
 Rhine River
The volumes transported amount to about 200
million tonnes at the German-Dutch border. With
respect to traffic on the Dutch section of the river,
the volume of goods transported on the Rhine
can be estimated at 310 million tonnes.

The fleet travelling on the Rhine waterway can be

estimated at about 6,900 vessels, representing a
transport capacity of 10 million tonnes, of which
1,200 are pushed barges, 4,400 motor cargo
vessels and 1,300 tankers.
FIATA Diploma in International Freight Management
Module 8 – Inland Waterway Transport © Copyright 2021, Vietnam Logistics Research
and Development Institute
FIATA Diploma in International Freight Management
Module 8 – Inland Waterway Transport © Copyright 2021, Vietnam Logistics Research
and Development Institute
FIATA Diploma in International Freight Management
Module 8 – Inland Waterway Transport © Copyright 2021, Vietnam Logistics Research
and Development Institute
FIATA Diploma in International Freight Management
Module 8 – Inland Waterway Transport © Copyright 2021, Vietnam Logistics Research
and Development Institute
FIATA Diploma in International Freight Management
Module 8 – Inland Waterway Transport © Copyright 2021, Vietnam Logistics Research
and Development Institute
FIATA Diploma in International Freight Management
Module 8 – Inland Waterway Transport © Copyright 2021, Vietnam Logistics Research
and Development Institute
 The Mannheim Convention – Rhine River
Ø Important role of Rhine river -> political interest
Ø Signed in 1868 by Switzerland, Belgium, Luxembourg,
France, Germany, The Netherlands and the United
Kingdom
Ø A treaty in nature
Ø Official name “The Revised Rhine Navigation Act of 17
October 1868”
FIATA Diploma in International Freight Management
Module 8 – Inland Waterway Transport © Copyright 2021, Vietnam Logistics Research
and Development Institute
 Objectives of the Manheim Convention

Ø Freedom of shipping on the Rhine and its tributaries

Ø Interest of safety
Ø No shipping levies
Ø Equal treatment
Ø Great uniformity between laws

FIATA Diploma in International Freight Management

Module 8 – Inland Waterway Transport © Copyright 2021, Vietnam Logistics Research
and Development Institute
 The central Commission for
Navigation on the Rhine
Ø Established in accordance with art 43 of the Manheim
Convention
Ø Based in Strasbourg
Ø Consists of representatives from the signatories to the
Convention
Ø Rhine Navigation Commissioners
Ø Technical matters
FIATA Diploma in International Freight Management
Module 8 – Inland Waterway Transport © Copyright 2021, Vietnam Logistics Research
and Development Institute
 LEGAL FRAMEWORK

Ø Legislative system in European Union

Ø CCNR – Relationships with the EU
Ø The Central Commission for the Navigation of the Rhine
(CCNR)

Ø National laws

FIATA Diploma in International Freight Management

Module 8 – Inland Waterway Transport © Copyright 2021, Vietnam Logistics Research
and Development Institute
 CCNR – Relationships with the EU

§ Co-ordination between CCNR & EU regulations

§ Signatories to the Mannheim Convention – almost EU

members

FIATA Diploma in International Freight Management

Module 8 – Inland Waterway Transport © Copyright 2021, Vietnam Logistics Research
and Development Institute
 NATIONAL LAWS

Ø Preferably fit into the framework of the CCNR

Ø Sailing hours and resting times
Ø Crew numbers
Ø The access of barges to transport on the national inland
waterways
Ø Access to profession
FIATA Diploma in International Freight Management
Module 8 – Inland Waterway Transport © Copyright 2021, Vietnam Logistics Research
and Development Institute
FIATA Diploma in International Freight Management
Module 8 – Inland Waterway Transport © Copyright 2021, Vietnam Logistics Research
and Development Institute
 VIETNAM INLAND WATERWAY SYSTEM

Ø Vietnam Inland Waterway Administration

Ø The code of Vietnam inland waterway
Ø ..

FIATA Diploma in International Freight Management

Module 8 – Inland Waterway Transport © Copyright 2021, Vietnam Logistics Research
and Development Institute
 Vietnam Inland Waterway Administration

§ To propose to the Minister of MOT the participation in international

conventions, the signing of Agreements and Decrees on
Waterways as regulated by the law

§ To train and issue driving license and certificate for technical

workers working in inland waterways section

§ To mange the organization, personnel, labour and assets

allocated by the State as regulated by the law

FIATA Diploma in International Freight Management

Module 8 – Inland Waterway Transport © Copyright 2021, Vietnam Logistics Research
and Development Institute
 The code of Vietnam inland waterway

Ø Regulate activities related to inland waterway

Ø 9 chapters

Ø 103 clauses

Ø Came into force since 01-01-2005

FIATA Diploma in International Freight Management
Module 8 – Inland Waterway Transport © Copyright 2021, Vietnam Logistics Research
and Development Institute
 CONDITIONS OF CARRIAGE
1. Good cargo conditions è obligations
2. CMNI Convention (1999)
3. General conditions
4. Charter party: Loading & Discharge Times and Demurrage
5. Start of the loading times
6. Start of discharge times
7. Demurrage fees
8. Demurrage days
FIATA Diploma in International Freight Management
Module 8 – Inland Waterway Transport © Copyright 2021, Vietnam Logistics Research
and Development Institute
 Good cargo conditions è Obligations

§ Sender responsible for loading cargo transported

on board the ship

§ Carrier makes ship available for loading/unloading

§ Recipient responsible for discharging goods from

the ship

FIATA Diploma in International Freight Management

Module 8 – Inland Waterway Transport © Copyright 2021, Vietnam Logistics Research
and Development Institute
 CMNI Convention (1999)

Ø Convention on the Contract for the Carriage of

Goods by Inland Waterway
Ø Single liability system

FIATA Diploma in International Freight Management

Module 8 – Inland Waterway Transport © Copyright 2021, Vietnam Logistics Research
and Development Institute
 GENERAL CONDITIONS
§ Parties not have to reformulate general or standard
stipulations
§ The General Ferry and Barge Shipping Conditions in
rotations systems
§ The General Push – Towing Conditions of 1998 in push –
towing
§ The General Towing Conditions in Towing services
FIATA Diploma in International Freight Management
Module 8 – Inland Waterway Transport © Copyright 2021, Vietnam Logistics Research
and Development Institute
 Charter party: Loading & Discharge Times
& Demurrage
§ The number of loading and discharge days
§ The calculation of loading and discharge fees
§ The number of available demurrage days
§ The demurrage fees
§ The duration of working hours and the hours on which
working hours start and end
FIATA Diploma in International Freight Management
Module 8 – Inland Waterway Transport © Copyright 2021, Vietnam Logistics Research
and Development Institute
 Charter party: Loading & Discharge Times
& Demurrage
§ The compensation for and/or inclusions of nights,
Saturday, Sunday and Public Holidays
§ The method used to determine the weight of goods that
have been transported or are to be transported
§ The way in which notice should be given that ship is
ready to load or discharge

FIATA Diploma in International Freight Management

Module 8 – Inland Waterway Transport © Copyright 2021, Vietnam Logistics Research
and Development Institute
 Charter party: Loading & Discharge Times &
Demurrage
• GENCON is globally the most used general-purpose
voyage charterparty.120 GENCON was issued by BIMCO
already in 1922 and since then only a few amendments
have been made.
• GENCON is a standard voyage charter party. It is a
general purpose agreement for the services of a ship in
exchange for freight and can be used in a variety of
trades. It is accompanied by its own bill of lading,
CONGENBILL 2022. The latest edition of this contract is
GENCON 2022.
FIATA Diploma in International Freight Management
Module 8 – Inland Waterway Transport © Copyright 2021, Vietnam Logistics Research
and Development Institute
GENCON

FIATA Diploma in International Freight Management

Module 8 – Inland Waterway Transport © Copyright 2021, Vietnam Logistics Research
and Development Institute
FIATA Diploma in International Freight Management
Module 8 – Inland Waterway Transport © Copyright 2021, Vietnam Logistics Research
and Development Institute
FIATA Diploma in International Freight Management
Module 8 – Inland Waterway Transport © Copyright 2021, Vietnam Logistics Research
and Development Institute
FIATA Diploma in International Freight Management
Module 8 – Inland Waterway Transport © Copyright 2021, Vietnam Logistics Research
and Development Institute
FIATA Diploma in International Freight Management
Module 8 – Inland Waterway Transport © Copyright 2021, Vietnam Logistics Research
and Development Institute
FIATA Diploma in International Freight Management
Module 8 – Inland Waterway Transport © Copyright 2021, Vietnam Logistics Research
and Development Institute
FIATA Diploma in International Freight Management
Module 8 – Inland Waterway Transport © Copyright 2021, Vietnam Logistics Research
and Development Institute
FIATA Diploma in International Freight Management
Module 8 – Inland Waterway Transport © Copyright 2021, Vietnam Logistics Research
and Development Institute
FIATA Diploma in International Freight Management
Module 8 – Inland Waterway Transport © Copyright 2021, Vietnam Logistics Research
and Development Institute
 Laytime Calculation
- Except or Excluded – EX • Holidays- H:
- Weather Permitting – WP • Notice Of Readiness- NOR
- Unless Used – UU - FI- Free in
−Working Days of 24 hours: - FO – Free out
−Days: D - FIO- Free in and out
−Runing days: RD - FI.S- Free in and Stowage
−Working days: WD - FI.T - Free in and Trimming
• Weather working days- WWD: - FI.O.S
• Sundays - S: - FI.O.T
FIATA Diploma in International Freight Management
Module 8 – Inland Waterway Transport © Copyright 2021, Vietnam Logistics Research
and Development Institute
−Cargo to be loaded and discharge in 10 weather working days of 24 consecutive
hours, Sundays, holidays excepted, unless used= WWD, S.H.E.X.U.U
−Cargo to be loaded and discharge in 10 weather working days of 24 consecutive
hours, Sundays, holidays excepted both and even if used= WWD, S.H.E.X.E.I.U
−Cargo to be loaded and discharge in 10 weather working days of 24 consecutive
hours, Sundays, holidays included= WWD, S.H.Inc
üLaytime on fact > laytime on C/P -> demurrage
üLaytime on fact < laytime on C/P -> despatch
- Despatch on all time saved – ATS
- Despatch on working time saved – WTS
- Demurrage - Once on demurrage, always on demurrage
FIATA Diploma in International Freight Management
Module 8 – Inland Waterway Transport © Copyright 2021, Vietnam Logistics Research
and Development Institute
 TIME SHEET
Date/day From time to Laytime on Laytime on Remark
Month/year time C/P fact
Information concerned: D H M D H M

Ship arrived

NOR tender
and acepted

FIATA Diploma in International Freight Management

Module 8 – Inland Waterway Transport © Copyright 2021, Vietnam Logistics Research
and Development Institute
 CASE STUDY 01
Set up “time sheet”, know that:
- Q load = 9,375 MT
- M load = 1,500 MT/day
- Ship arrived on 10.00 date Feb.01st (Thur)
- NOR was presented and accepted on 13.00 date Feb.01st
- Laytime started on 7.00 date Feb. 02nd
- Laytime started according to GENCON form
- Laytime counted upon condition RD
- Woking days of 24 consecutive hours
- Loading has finished on 15.00 date Feb.09th
- Despatch rate: USD1,500/day for WTS
FIATA Diploma in International Freight Management
Module 8 – Inland Waterway Transport © Copyright 2021, Vietnam Logistics Research
and Development Institute
FIATA Diploma in International Freight Management
Module 8 – Inland Waterway Transport © Copyright 2021, Vietnam Logistics Research
and Development Institute
 CASE STUDY 02
• Laytime on C/P: 5 WWDSHEXEIU/ GENCON 1994
• Dem. Money: Usd 3,000/ day
• Statement of facts: 9:00 Mon/ 15th Aug ship arrived
• 9:00 Tue/ Nor tendered. 9:30 Tue/ 16th Aug NOR accepted
• 15:00 Wed laytime on fact started
• 9:30 Wed/ 24th Aug loading finished
• Woking days of 24 consecutive hours

FIATA Diploma in International Freight Management

Module 8 – Inland Waterway Transport © Copyright 2021, Vietnam Logistics Research
and Development Institute
 CONDITIONS OF CARRIAGE

§ Start of the loading times: the day after the

carrier notifies sender that the ship is ready to be
loaded

§ Start of discharge times: the day after the carrier

notifies recipient that the ship is ready to be
discharged
FIATA Diploma in International Freight Management
Module 8 – Inland Waterway Transport © Copyright 2021, Vietnam Logistics Research
and Development Institute
 DEMURRAGE FEES

§ Compensation carrier received if allowed or agreed

loading or discharge time are exceeded

§ Loading time exceeded è sender pays demurrage

§ Discharge time exceed è recipients pays demurrage

§ Force majeure – carrier still entitled to demurrage fee

FIATA Diploma in International Freight Management
Module 8 – Inland Waterway Transport © Copyright 2021, Vietnam Logistics Research
and Development Institute
 DEMURRAGE FEES

§ Level of demurrage – affected by ship size

§ Large ship è more cargo è more cost to lie
§ Level of demurrage
ü specified in charter agreement
ü referring to the regulation
FIATA Diploma in International Freight Management
Module 8 – Inland Waterway Transport © Copyright 2021, Vietnam Logistics Research
and Development Institute
 CONDITION FOR THE TRANSPORT
OF DANGEROUS GOODS (ADN)
Ø Adopted on 25 May 2000 by the UNECE and CCNR

Ø Consist main legal text and Regulations annexed

thereto

Ø Set up high level of safety on the entire European

Inland Waterway Network

Ø Not entered into force yet

FIATA Diploma in International Freight Management
Module 8 – Inland Waterway Transport © Copyright 2021, Vietnam Logistics Research
and Development Institute
 End of CHAPTER 1

FIATA Diploma in International Freight Management

Module 8 – Inland Waterway Transport © Copyright 2021, Vietnam Logistics Research
and Development Institute
Welcome to CHAPTER 2

FIATA Diploma in International Freight Management

Module 8 – Inland Waterway Transport © Copyright 2021, Vietnam Logistics Research
and Development Institute
CHAPTER 2. TYPES OF BARGES USED IN
INLAND WATERWAY CARRIAGE
Learning Objective:
v Define the main types and classes of barges applied
in inland water transport

Contents
ü Types of barges
ü Overview of Classified Barge Types
ü The Stability of an Inland Barge
FIATA Diploma in International Freight Management
Module 8 – Inland Waterway Transport © Copyright 2021, Vietnam Logistics Research
and Development Institute
FIATA Diploma in International Freight Management
Module 8 – Inland Waterway Transport © Copyright 2021, Vietnam Logistics Research
and Development Institute
 INLAND BARGES

Ø Motor barges – self movement

Ø Towed barges – movement by towboat

Ø Push barges – movement by pushing

FIATA Diploma in International Freight Management

Module 8 – Inland Waterway Transport © Copyright 2021, Vietnam Logistics Research
and Development Institute
Motor barges – self movement

FIATA Diploma in International Freight Management

Module 8 – Inland Waterway Transport © Copyright 2021, Vietnam Logistics Research
and Development Institute
 Towed barges – movement by towboat

Construction barges regularly relocate to different job

sites by being pushed or towed by another vessel.

FIATA Diploma in International Freight Management

Module 8 – Inland Waterway Transport © Copyright 2021, Vietnam Logistics Research
and Development Institute
Push barges – movement by pushing

FIATA Diploma in International Freight Management

Module 8 – Inland Waterway Transport © Copyright 2021, Vietnam Logistics Research
and Development Institute
 INLAND BARGES

FIATA Diploma in International Freight Management

Module 8 – Inland Waterway Transport © Copyright 2021, Vietnam Logistics Research
and Development Institute
 ….

Ø ..

Ø ..

FIATA Diploma in International Freight Management

Module 8 – Inland Waterway Transport © Copyright 2021, Vietnam Logistics Research
and Development Institute
 ….

Ø ..

Ø ..

FIATA Diploma in International Freight Management

Module 8 – Inland Waterway Transport © Copyright 2021, Vietnam Logistics Research
and Development Institute
 ….

Ø ..

Ø ..

FIATA Diploma in International Freight Management

Module 8 – Inland Waterway Transport © Copyright 2021, Vietnam Logistics Research
and Development Institute
 STABILITY OF AN INLAND BARGE

Ø Based on experience

Ø Stowed properly

Ø Not exceed the height of gangway

Ø Container – loading method not endanger stability

FIATA Diploma in International Freight Management
Module 8 – Inland Waterway Transport © Copyright 2021, Vietnam Logistics Research
and Development Institute
 Obligation to perform a stability calculation
Width of Height of
Width of ship
container layer container layer
Less than 9.5 m More than 1 layer

Between 9.5 to 11 m More than 2 layer

More than 3
11 m or more More than 3 layer
rows
FIATA Diploma in International Freight Management
Module 8 – Inland Waterway Transport © Copyright 2021, Vietnam Logistics Research
and Development Institute
 ….

Ø ..

Ø ..

FIATA Diploma in International Freight Management

Module 8 – Inland Waterway Transport © Copyright 2021, Vietnam Logistics Research
and Development Institute
 End of CHAPTER 2

FIATA Diploma in International Freight Management

Module 8 – Inland Waterway Transport © Copyright 2021, Vietnam Logistics Research
and Development Institute
Welcome to CHAPTER 3

FIATA Diploma in International Freight Management

Module 8 – Inland Waterway Transport © Copyright 2021, Vietnam Logistics Research
and Development Institute
 CHAPTER 3. WAYBILLS AND
ACCOMPANYING DOCUMENTS
Learning Objective:
v The student should be able to explain the main documents in
inland shipping and their application

Contents
ü Charter party
ü Bills of lading
ü Waybills

FIATA Diploma in International Freight Management

Module 8 – Inland Waterway Transport © Copyright 2021, Vietnam Logistics Research
and Development Institute
 CHARTER PARTY

Ø Carriage agreement

Ø Not be prescribed by national law – recommended

Ø Information of C/P

FIATA Diploma in International Freight Management

Module 8 – Inland Waterway Transport © Copyright 2021, Vietnam Logistics Research
and Development Institute
 INFORMATION OF CHARTER PARTY
ü Name and address of the ü Loading location
owner
ü Destination
ü Description of the ship
ü The agreed freightage
ü Name and address of the
ü Instruction to the carrier
charterer

ü Nature and volume of the

cargo
FIATA Diploma in International Freight Management
Module 8 – Inland Waterway Transport © Copyright 2021, Vietnam Logistics Research
and Development Institute
 BILL OF LADING

Ø Information content:

ü A description of cargo

ü Destination

ü Name and address of recipient to whom the cargo must be

delivered

ü The conditions under which the delivery will take place

FIATA Diploma in International Freight Management

Module 8 – Inland Waterway Transport © Copyright 2021, Vietnam Logistics Research
and Development Institute
 BILL OF LADING
Ø Original B/L – sent to recipient of cargo

Ø Determines ownership of the goods

Ø Duly dated document

Ø Conditions delivery takes place

Ø Declaration of receiving particular cargo – deliver to rightful party

Ø Negotiable - transferred to third parties

FIATA Diploma in International Freight Management
Module 8 – Inland Waterway Transport © Copyright 2021, Vietnam Logistics Research
and Development Institute
FIATA Diploma in International Freight Management
Module 8 – Inland Waterway Transport © Copyright 2021, Vietnam Logistics Research
and Development Institute
FIATA Diploma in International Freight Management
Module 8 – Inland Waterway Transport © Copyright 2021, Vietnam Logistics Research
and Development Institute
 CONSOLIDATION

FIATA Diploma in International Freight Management

Module 8 – Inland Waterway Transport © Copyright 2021, Vietnam Logistics Research
and Development Institute
FIATA Diploma in International Freight Management
Module 8 – Inland Waterway Transport © Copyright 2021, Vietnam Logistics Research
and Development Institute
FIATA Diploma in International Freight Management
Module 8 – Inland Waterway Transport © Copyright 2021, Vietnam Logistics Research
and Development Institute
FIATA Diploma in International Freight Management
Module 8 – Inland Waterway Transport © Copyright 2021, Vietnam Logistics Research
and Development Institute
FCL vs LCL Shipment; Which one to Choose?

FIATA Diploma in International Freight Management

Module 8 – Inland Waterway Transport © Copyright 2021, Vietnam Logistics Research
and Development Institute
FIATA Diploma in International Freight Management
Module 8 – Inland Waterway Transport © Copyright 2021, Vietnam Logistics Research
and Development Institute
 WAYBILL

Ø Goods received for carriage Ø The cargo

Ø The location where carrier is toØ Other conditions

receive the goods
Ø Not negotiable
Ø The destination to which
carrier is to transport goods Ø Difference between B/L and
waybill: Negotiable vs. non
Ø The address negotiable

FIATA Diploma in International Freight Management

Module 8 – Inland Waterway Transport © Copyright 2021, Vietnam Logistics Research
and Development Institute
FIATA Diploma in International Freight Management
Module 8 – Inland Waterway Transport © Copyright 2021, Vietnam Logistics Research
and Development Institute
 End of CHAPTER 3

FIATA Diploma in International Freight Management

Module 8 – Inland Waterway Transport © Copyright 2021, Vietnam Logistics Research
and Development Institute
Welcome to CHAPTER 4

FIATA Diploma in International Freight Management

Module 8 – Inland Waterway Transport © Copyright 2021, Vietnam Logistics Research
and Development Institute
 CHAPTER 4. DETERMINATION OF
FREIGHT CHARGES FOR
INLAND WATERWAY TRANSPORT
Learning Objective:
v Explain the market structures where the inland shipping industry operates,
and be aware that freight charges are concluded with reference to different
factors including the forms of inland shipping companies
v Explain how tariffs in inland shipping are calculated, and what the
influential factors are
Contents
ü Agreements/Conventions of Freight Charges
ü How freightage is calculated?

FIATA Diploma in International Freight Management

Module 8 – Inland Waterway Transport © Copyright 2021, Vietnam Logistics Research
and Development Institute
 AGREEMENTS/CONVENTIONS OF
FREIGHT CHARGES
Ø International organizations in inland shipping
Ø Inland shipping companies
Ø One-man business vs. Shipping companies
Ø Disadvantage of one-man business
Ø Co-operatives in Inland Shipping
Ø Parties involved in Inland Shipping
FIATA Diploma in International Freight Management
Module 8 – Inland Waterway Transport © Copyright 2021, Vietnam Logistics Research
and Development Institute
 International organizations in inland shipping

Ø EINU – European Inland Navigation

Ø ESO – European Skippers Organization

Ø CCR – Central Committee for Rhine Shipping

Ø IAR – Labor Organization for Rhine Shipping

FIATA Diploma in International Freight Management

Module 8 – Inland Waterway Transport © Copyright 2021, Vietnam Logistics Research
and Development Institute
 INLAND SHIPPING COMPANIES

Ø Standard shipping companies – use their own

ships and constitute a single large entity in the
market

Ø Working shipping companies – specifically carry

goods for industrial businesses

FIATA Diploma in International Freight Management

Module 8 – Inland Waterway Transport © Copyright 2021, Vietnam Logistics Research
and Development Institute
 One-man business vs. Shipping
companies
Ø Advantage of one-man business

Ø Low price compared with shipping companies

Ø Lower wage cost

Ø Overhead cost much lower

FIATA Diploma in International Freight Management
Module 8 – Inland Waterway Transport © Copyright 2021, Vietnam Logistics Research
and Development Institute
 DISADVANTAGE OF ONE-MAN BUSINESS

Ø No land-based operation è find cargo by

themselves

Ø Impacted considerably during little cargo period –

long waiting period between voyages

Ø Impossible to offer clients security of carriage

FIATA Diploma in International Freight Management
Module 8 – Inland Waterway Transport © Copyright 2021, Vietnam Logistics Research
and Development Institute
 Co-operatives in Inland Shipping
Ø Make ship available to the co-operatives
Ø Remains owner of the ship
Ø Acquisition of cargo arranged centrally
Ø Possible to take over transport operations
Ø Security of carriage
Ø Strengthen ship owner’s market position
FIATA Diploma in International Freight Management
Module 8 – Inland Waterway Transport © Copyright 2021, Vietnam Logistics Research
and Development Institute
 Parties involved in Inland Shipping

Ø Shipper Ø Carrier

Ø Forwarder Ø Broker

Ø Ship charterer

FIATA Diploma in International Freight Management

Module 8 – Inland Waterway Transport © Copyright 2021, Vietnam Logistics Research
and Development Institute
 HOW FREIGHTAGE IS CALCULATED?

1. Transporting goods via inland shipping

2. Determinants of freight and surcharges

3. Freight account

4. Ascertain Weights of Goods

FIATA Diploma in International Freight Management
Module 8 – Inland Waterway Transport © Copyright 2021, Vietnam Logistics Research
and Development Institute
 Transporting goods via inland shipping
1. The types of goods that are to be transported
2. The annual volumes
3. Is haulage to and from the terminal required?
4. Ship size
5. How quickly can the cargo be loaded and discharged?
6. What is the total sailing time?
7. Additional costs
FIATA Diploma in International Freight Management
Module 8 – Inland Waterway Transport © Copyright 2021, Vietnam Logistics Research
and Development Institute
The types of goods that are to be transported

v Loose bulk cargo, packaged unit, large

inseparable pieces

v Conditions of transportation

FIATA Diploma in International Freight Management

Module 8 – Inland Waterway Transport © Copyright 2021, Vietnam Logistics Research
and Development Institute
 THE ANNUAL VOLUMES

v Frequency

v Possibility of return cargo

FIATA Diploma in International Freight Management

Module 8 – Inland Waterway Transport © Copyright 2021, Vietnam Logistics Research
and Development Institute
Is haulage to and from the terminal
required?

v Are there good storage facilities?

v Can the government subsidy for “connecting

waterways” be utilized?

FIATA Diploma in International Freight Management

Module 8 – Inland Waterway Transport © Copyright 2021, Vietnam Logistics Research
and Development Institute
 SHIP SIZE

v Maximum dimensions

v Draught – height at loading/discharging points

– on the rout

FIATA Diploma in International Freight Management

Module 8 – Inland Waterway Transport © Copyright 2021, Vietnam Logistics Research
and Development Institute
 Determinants of Freight & Surcharges

Ø Freightage per ton or lump sum payment

Ø The duration of the loading and discharge times

Ø High and low tide surcharges

Ø Surcharges for ice, level of watermark and the

ship being stranded
FIATA Diploma in International Freight Management
Module 8 – Inland Waterway Transport © Copyright 2021, Vietnam Logistics Research
and Development Institute
 FREIGHT ACCOUNT

Ø Collect freightage – after discharging

Ø Cash – bank transfer
Ø Charterer’s commission – VAT
Ø Demurrage

FIATA Diploma in International Freight Management

Module 8 – Inland Waterway Transport © Copyright 2021, Vietnam Logistics Research
and Development Institute
 ASCERTAIN WEIGHTS OF GOODS

Ø Not enough cargo – deduct no more than 2½ % from

freightage
Ø Calculation for cargo loaded/discharged – done by
certified draught surveyor
Ø Tanker – tonnage agent
Ø Freightage – based on volume of cargo discharged
FIATA Diploma in International Freight Management
Module 8 – Inland Waterway Transport © Copyright 2021, Vietnam Logistics Research
and Development Institute
 End of CHAPTER 4

FIATA Diploma in International Freight Management

Module 8 – Inland Waterway Transport © Copyright 2021, Vietnam Logistics Research
and Development Institute
Welcome to CHAPTER 5

FIATA Diploma in International Freight Management

Module 8 – Inland Waterway Transport © Copyright 2021, Vietnam Logistics Research
and Development Institute
 CHAPTER 5. GEOGRAPHY OF
INLAND WATERWAY
Learning Objective:
v Define the European and Vietnamese network of navigable
waterways, inland ports and obstacles
Contents
ü Network of navigable waterways
ü Locks
ü Side rivers and canals
ü Most important river ports

FIATA Diploma in International Freight Management

Module 8 – Inland Waterway Transport © Copyright 2021, Vietnam Logistics Research
and Development Institute
EUROPEAN INLAND WATERWAY

FIATA Diploma in International Freight Management

Module 8 – Inland Waterway Transport © Copyright 2021, Vietnam Logistics Research
and Development Institute
 EUROPEAN INLAND WATERWAY

1. Network of navigable waterway

2. Most important river ports
3. Side Rivers and Canals
4. Locks and other obstacles in inland shipping

FIATA Diploma in International Freight Management

Module 8 – Inland Waterway Transport © Copyright 2021, Vietnam Logistics Research
and Development Institute
 Network of Navigable Waterway
§ Presence of natural waterways and canals
§ Most country accesible by inland shipping
§ Continuosly being improved - deepening; lock and flood-gate
construction
§ Netherlands è centre of waterway system
§ Belgium è Extend to South of France
§ German canal è Extend to Poland
§ Western Europe è transfer points
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 Network of Navigable Waterway
§ Coal and ore è transported to industrial areas
§ Fertilized è to agricultural areas
§ Grain è from agricultural areas
§ Feed producer è to livestock farming areas
§ The Rhine
ü Main artery of Western Europe
ü Most important river for goods transport via inland shipping
ü Navigable length – approximately 850 km
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 THE RHINE

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 Network of Navigable Waterway
Ø The Rhine – 4 stretches
ü Lower Rhine -> from North Sea to Cologne/Bonn
ü Middle Rhine -> from Bonn to Bingen
ü Upper Rhine -> from Bingen to Basel
ü Hoch Rhein -> from Basel to the Boden Sea
Ø The Danube and Don/Volga rivers
ü Important route for Europe – Asia axis
ü Transit traffic grows by 35-40% by 2010
ü Gradual restoration of free navigation on the Danube
ü Inland waterway projects on the Don/Volga rivers
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 MOST IMPORTANT RIVER PORTS
Ø Sea ports with an inland waterway connection to European hinterland
ü Rotterdam, Antwerp (Rhine, Meuse, Scheldt and beyond)
ü Hamburg, Bremen (Weser, Elbe and beyond)
ü Constantia (Danube and beyond)
ü Odessa (Dnieper)
ü St Petersburg, Astrakhan, Rostov-on-Don (Neva, Don, Volga)
Ø Inland river ports with a major multimodal transshipment hinterland
ü Duisburg, Frankfurt
ü Vienna, Budapest, Belgrade
ü Volgograd
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 SIDE RIVERS AND CANALS
Ø Classification of the waterways
ü Based on dimensions of artificial structures – bridges, locks,
flood-gates
ü Determine maximum size of ships being able to navigate a
particular waterway
ü Ensure safety for course
Ø Classification of the waterways
ü Maximum permissible dimensions of ships
ü Combinations of pushed barges
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 SIDE RIVERS AND CANALS
Ø Classification of the waterways
v CEMT Class I, Spits
ü Dimensions 38.5 x 5.05
ü Smallest class designed
v CEMT Class II, Kempenaar
ü Traditional Kempenaars (built before 1980)
ü New Neo Kemps, 24 – 36 TEUs
v CEMT Class III; Dortmund – Ems – Canal barge
ü Ship capacity 24 – 48 TEU
v CEMT Class IV; Rhine – Herne – Canal barge
ü Ship capacity 81 – 120 TEU
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 SIDE RIVERS AND CANALS
Ø Classification of the waterways
v CEMT Class Va; Big Rhine barge
ü Ship capacity 120 – 208 TEU
ü Mostly in Netherlands
ü Dimension 110m x 11.4m
v CEMT Class VIb, Jowi Class container barges
ü Capacity 300 – 470 TEU
ü Dimensions 135m x 17 m
ü New class of barge
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 SIDE RIVERS AND CANALS
Ø Classification of the waterways in Viet Nam

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 MAXIMUM VESSEL DIMENSIONS
ACCORDING TO CEMT (1992)
Motor vessels

Class Tonnage Length (m) Width (m) Draught (m) Barges

IV 1,500 85 9.5 2.8 1

Va 3,000 110 11.4 4.5 1
Vb 6,000 185 11.4 4.5 2
VI a 6,000 110 22.8 4.5 2
VI b 12,000 195 22.8 4.5 4
VI c 18,000 270 22.8 4.5 6
VI c 18,000 195 34.2 4.5 6

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 MAXIMUM VESSEL DIMENSIONS
ACCORDING TO CEMT (1992)
Motor vessels
Class Tonnage Length (m) Width (m) Draught (m)
I
300 38.5 5.05 2.2
II
650 55.0 6.60 2.5
III
1,000 80.0 8.20 2.5
IV
1,500 85.0 9.50 2.5
Va
2,500 110.0 11.40 2.8
VI b
6,000 140.0 15.00 3.9

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 Locks and other obstacles in inland shipping

Ø Artificial obstacles

Ø Natural obstacles

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 ARTIFICIAL OBSTACLES
Ø Determine inland shipping possibility
Ø Standard dimensions for ships
Ø Height – important for container transport
Ø Rhine shipping height
Ø River information system
Ø Closing times of locks and bridges
Ø Improve voyage planning
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 NATURAL OBSTACLES
Ø Water level
ü Crucial to effective use of waterways
ü Low water level
ü High water level
ü Ice
ü Rhine river – available via telephone or teletext
ü Water level gauges – placed along the river
ü Impact cargo loading on board
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EUROPEAN INLAND WATERWAY

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 NATURAL OBSTACLES
Ø Floating ice
ü River freeze less easily than before
ü Ice breaker
ü Increased engine capacity
Ø Storm, fogs
ü Not impact much to the course
ü Radar installations è sail under foggy conditions
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 POTENTIAL OF INLAND WATERWAY

Ø Number of rivers and canals – 2,300

Ø Lengths – 198,000 km

Ø Possible operation – 41,000 km

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EUROPEAN INLAND WATERWAY

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VIETNAM INLAND WATERWAY
Number of
Length (km)
rivers
The North 2,762.9 66
The Central 802.5 21
The South 3083.2 101
Total 6648.6 188

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 INLAND WATERWAY FLEET
1993 1997 2000 2002 2003

Number of
19,876 43,087 69,076 75,957 81,143
vessels

DWT 610,700 1,136,100 1,904,525 2,516,295 3,112,755

Cargo (mT) 19.058 25.81 40.70 44.80 50.97

Cargo
2,416 2,655 4,838 5,700 6,710
(mT.km)

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 INLAND WATERWAY FLEET
• To 2017:

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 VIETNAM INLAND WATERWAY

Ø Classification
Ø Inland waterway along the Mekong river
Ø Inland waterway in the Red river delta
Ø Key Southern inland waterway routes

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 CLASSIFICATION
Ø National inland waterway
§ Connect key centres of economics, culture
§ Connect key nodes of transportation
§ Cross-border transportation
Ø Local inland waterway
§ Control by provinces or cities
§ Serve for provincal development
Ø Specialized inland waterway
§ Serves for purpose of specific companies
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 Inland waterway along the Mekong river

Ø Connect the key economic zone and Mekong delta river

Ø Transshipment Vietnam – Cambodia

Ø Ho Chi Minh – Can Tho corridor : 195 km

Ø Can Tho – Ca Mau corridor: 192 km

Ø Can Tho – Kien Luong corridor: 173 km

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 Inland waterway in the Red river delta

Ø Navigable distance – 227 km

Ø Cargo volume – 27 million tons

Ø Vessel less than 1,000 DWT

Ø Connect to Kunming (China)

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 Key Southern inland waterway routes
Ø Sai Gon – Ca Mau; Sai Gon – Kien Luong; Sai Gon – Dong Thap Muoi
Ø Route of Vam Co Dong river
Ø Route of Vam Co Tay river
Ø Route of Hau river (passing by Dinh An gateway)
Ø Route of Tien river (passing by Tieu gateway)
Ø Sai Gon – Vung Tau (passing by Sai Gon, Long Tau rivers)
Ø Sai Gon – Vung Tau (passing by Soai Rap river)
Ø Dong Nai river – Sai Gon river – Nha Be river – Soai Rap gateway
Ø Sai Gon – Tra Vinh – Ca Mau
Ø Rach Gia – Ca Mau – Ong Doc gateway
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FIATA Diploma in International Freight Management

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FIATA Diploma in International Freight Management

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FIATA Diploma in International Freight Management

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FIATA Diploma in International Freight Management

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FIATA Diploma in International Freight Management

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FIATA Diploma in International Freight Management

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FIATA Diploma in International Freight Management

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FIATA Diploma in International Freight Management

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FIATA Diploma in International Freight Management

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 IMPORTANT RIVER PORT
Ø Key Northern river ports
Ø Group North – Northwest (Red River)
Ø Group Ha Noi (Red River)
Ø Group Southeast (River Thai Binh)
Ø Key Northern river ports
Ø Group Dong Nam Bo
Ø Group Mekong Delta River
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 KEY NORTHERN RIVER PORTS

Ø Port of Hanoi

Ø Port of Khuyen Luong

Ø Port of Viet Tri

Ø Port of Hoa Binh

Ø Port of Da Phuc
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 Group North – Northwest (Red River)
Ø Port of Van Phu – Yen Bai
Ø Port of Huong Ly – Yen Bai
Ø Port of Phu Tho – Phu Tho
Ø Port of Tuyen Quang – Tuyen Quang
Ø Port Pho Moi – Lao Cai
Ø Port of Ta Hoc (Son La)
Ø Port of Van Yen (Son La)
Ø Port of Ba Cap (Hoa Binh)
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 GROUP HA NOI (RED RIVER)
Ø Port of Chem – Ha Noi
Ø Southern port – Ha Noi
Ø Easthern port – Ha Noi
Ø Port of Van Kiep – Ha Noi
Ø Port of Chu Phan – Vinh Phuc
Ø Port of Trieu Duong – Hung Yen
Ø Port of Son Tay – Ha Tay
Ø Port of Hong Van – Ha Tay
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 Group Southeast (River Thai Binh)

Ø Port of Dap Cau - Bac Ninh

Ø Port of A Lu – Bac Giang
Ø Port of Cong Cau – Hai Duong
Ø Port of So Dau – Hai Phong
Ø Port of Ben Binh – Hai Phong
Ø Port of Quang Ninh – Quang Ninh
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 KEY NORTHERN RIVER PORTS

Ø Port of Phu Dinh

Ø Port of Nhon Duc
Ø Port My Tho
Ø Port of Can Tho
Ø Port of My Thoi

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 GROUP DONG NAM BO

Ø Port of Rach Ong Lon

Ø Port of Long Binh Tan
Ø Port of Ba Lua
Ø Port of Ben Keo

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 GROUP MEKONG DELTA RIVER

Ø Port of Tan An Ø Port of Giao Long

Ø Port of Cao Lanh Ø Port of Tac Cau

Ø Port of Sa Dec Ø Port of Dai Ngai

Ø Port of Long Duc Ø Port of Ho Phong

Ø Port of Vinh Thai Ø Port of Ca Mau

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 End of CHAPTER 5

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 End of MODULE
INLAND WATER TRANSPORT
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 Q&A

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