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Understanding Integers and Their Operations

The document explains integers, which include all whole numbers and their opposites, as well as the concepts of positive and negative integers. It details the use of a number line, operations with integers (addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division), and the rules for each operation based on the signs of the integers involved. Additionally, it provides practical examples of how negative numbers are used in real-life scenarios, such as measuring temperature and debt.

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mary.haroon05
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73 views17 pages

Understanding Integers and Their Operations

The document explains integers, which include all whole numbers and their opposites, as well as the concepts of positive and negative integers. It details the use of a number line, operations with integers (addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division), and the rules for each operation based on the signs of the integers involved. Additionally, it provides practical examples of how negative numbers are used in real-life scenarios, such as measuring temperature and debt.

Uploaded by

mary.haroon05
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

INTEGERS

Khadija Haroon
[Link]. (2nd Year)
IIMT
E240530000031
Class: 7
What Are Integers?
• Integers – Integers are all the
whole numbers and all of their
opposites on the negative
number line including zero. i.e.

7 opposite -7
What Are Positive Integers?

• Positive integers – a number


greater than zero.

0 1 2 3 4 5 6
What Are Negative Integers?

• Negative integers – a number


less than zero.

-6 -5 -4 -3 -2 -1 0
What Is A Number Line?
Number line -
• A line with arrows on both ends that show
the integers with slash marks
• Arrows show the line goes to infinity in
both directions ( + and -)
• Uses a negative sign (-) with negative
numbers but no positive sign (+)
with positive numbers
• Zero is the origin and is neither
negative nor positive
Negative Numbers Are Used to
Measure Temperature
Negative Numbers Are Used to
Measure Under Sea Level
30
20
10
0
-10
-20
-30
-40
Negative Numbers Are Used to
Show Debt

Let’s say our parents bought a car but


had to get a loan from the bank for $5,000.
When counting all their money they add
in -$5.000 to show they still owe the bank.
Positive & Negative Numbers
Working with positive and negative
numbers is like driving in traffic.
We have to watch the traffic signs
and follow the driving rules.
Hint
• If we don’t see a negative or
positive sign in front of a
number it is positive. i.e.

9 means + 9
What Can We Do to Integers?
• Integers are numbers, so we can add,
subtract, multiply, and divide them

• Each operation has different rules to follow


Adding Rules – Same Signs

• If the integers have the SAME signs: ADD


the numbers & keep the same sign!
• Positive + Positive = Positive Answer
• Negative + Negative = Negative Answer
Examples: -3 + (-10) = ? ? = -13
• 6 + (8) = ? ? = 14
Adding Rules – Different Signs

• If the integers have the DIFFERENT signs:


SUBTRACT the numbers & use sign of the
BIGGER number!
• Bigger # is Positive = Positive Answer
• Bigger # is Negative = Negative Answer
Examples: -13 + (7) = ? ? = -6
• 23 + (-8) = ? ? = 15
Subtracting Rules
• Put ( ) around second number & its sign
• Change SUBTRACTION sign to an ADDITION sign
• Change sign of 2nd number to its opposite
• Follow the rules for ADDITION:
-SAME signs: Add & keep the same sign
-DIFFERENT signs: Subtract & use sign of bigger
Examples: -5 – -10 = ? ? = 5
9 - 23 = ? ? = -14
Multiplying Rules
• Multiply the numbers like usual
• If the integers have the SAME signs:
ANSWER will be POSITIVE
• If the integers have DIFFERENT signs:
ANSWER will be NEGATIVE
Examples: -3 · (-5) = ? ? = 15
• -9 · (-10) = ? ? = 90
-7 · 7 = ? ? = -49
• 6 · -6 = ? ? = -36
Dividing Rules
• Divide the numbers like usual
• If the integers have the SAME signs:
ANSWER will be POSITIVE
• If the integers have DIFFERENT signs:
ANSWER will be NEGATIVE
• Examples: -33 ÷ (-3) = ? ? = 11
• -90 ÷ (-10) = ? ? = 9
-20 ÷ 2 = ? ? = -10
• 6 ÷ (-6) = ? ? = -1
THE END

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