Mathematics Class 5

Unit 1
Put Comma after three digits: 567,345,244.
K-2 is the 2nd highest mountain the world. It is located on the Pakistan-China border. Its
height is 861,100 centimetres.
When a number is divided by another number, the result is called the quotient and the left
over quantity is called the remainder.
Unit 2
The greatest number which divides 2 or more numbers simultaneously, is called their HCF.
18 and 24 HCF is 6.
Hammad has 36 red pencils and 54 blue pencils. He wants to put his pencils in boxes such
that every box has equal pencils of the same colour. What will be the maximum number of
pencils in each box?
Divide the greater number 54 by the smaller number 36 and find the remainder, which is 18.
Divide 36 by the remainder 18. We will get zero as the remainder. The last divisor is 18. So,
it is the HCF of 36 and 54.
I want to find out the greatest number which completely divides 26, 48 and 60.
First divide the greates number 60 by 48. HCF of 48 and 60 is 12. Now, divide the number
(remaining number ) 26 by 12. The number 2 is the last divisor. So, this is the greatest
number which completely divides 25, 48 and 60.
Try it: Find three 2 digit numbers whose sum is 152 and whose HCF is 8.
Least Common Multiple LCM
For a science project preparation, grade 4 students visit the science laboratory after every 8
days. While grade 5 students visit laboratory after every 12 days. If students of both grades
visited the lab today, find when will they visit the laboratory on the same day?
LCM = product of common prime factors multiply product of non-common prime factors.
Key fact: the LCM of two or more numbers is the smallest number which divides each of the
given number completely.
Unit # 3
Addition of Fraction: Yesterday we spend 1 by 2 hour and today we spent 1 by 4 hour in the
computer lab. How much time have we spent in the lab altogether?
Find the total time spent in the laboratory, we need to add these fractions.
I have to make the denominator same
Sidra used 1 and 3 by 4 metre of red ribbon and 7 by 8 meter of blue ribbon to decorate the
gift boxes. Find the total length of the ribbon she used.
Division: For an experiment on cold and hot water, i have to pour 7 and 1 by 3 litres of water
in glasses with a capacity of 1 by 3 litres. How many glasses will i be able to fill?
Multiplication of Fraction: Sania and Ali grew plants in pots. After a week, the height of
Sania’s plant is 3 and 2 by 5 cm while the height of Ali’s plant is 1 and 1by 4 times that of
Sania’s plant. Find the height of Ali’s plant.
Unit 5: Nangaparbat is the fifth highest mountain in the world. Its height is 8 kilometeres 126
metres. What will be its height in meters?
The height of Minar-e-Pakistan is 70m. What will be tis height in centimetres?
1 killometer is 1000m
1 meter is 100cm
1cm is equal to 10mm
Petronas twin towers in Malysia is 452m high. While Burj Khalifa in dubai is 828 mtres high.
What is the difference between their heights?
Unit 7: Geometry

Angles
 Straight Angle:
An angle that measures exactly 180 degrees is called a straight angle.

An angle (e.g., ∠AOB) that is greater than 180 degrees but less than 360 degrees
 Reflex Angle:

is called a reflex angle.

Pairs of Angles
Adjacent Angles
Two angles are called adjacent angles if:
 They have a common arm.
 They are on opposite sides of the common arm.
 They have a common vertex.
Complementary Angles
 Two angles are called complementary angles if their sum is 90 degrees.
 They can be adjacent or non-adjacent.
o Adjacent Complementary Angles: Share a common arm and vertex.
o Non-Adjacent Complementary Angles: Do not share a common arm.
Supplementary Angles
 Two angles are called supplementary angles if their sum is 180 degrees.
 They may be adjacent or non-adjacent.

Triangles
A triangle is a simple closed figure having three sides and three angles.
Types of Triangles by Sides
1. Equilateral Triangle
o All sides are equal.
o All angles are 60 degrees.
2. Isosceles Triangle
o Two sides are equal.
o Two angles opposite those sides are also equal.
3. Scalene Triangle
o All sides are of different lengths.
o All angles are different in measure.
Types of Triangles by Angles
1. Acute-Angled Triangle
o All angles are less than 90 degrees.
2. Right-Angled Triangle
o One angle is exactly 90 degrees.
3. Obtuse-Angled Triangle
o One angle is greater than 90 degrees.
🔺 Note: The sum of interior angles of any triangle is always 180 degrees.

Quadrilaterals
A quadrilateral is a shape with four sides and four angles.
Types of Quadrilaterals
1. Square
o Four equal sides
 o Four right angles (90° each)
2. Rectangle
o Opposite sides are equal in length
o Four right angles
3. Parallelogram
o Opposite sides are parallel and equal
o Opposite angles are also equal
4. Rhombus
o All sides are equal and parallel
o Opposite angles are equal
o No right angles
5. Trapezium
o Only one pair of opposite sides is parallel
6. Kite
o Two pairs of equal adjacent sides

Symmetry
 Line of Symmetry:
A figure is symmetrical if it can be folded along a line and both halves match exactly.
 Rotational Symmetry:
A figure has rotational symmetry if it looks the same after a certain amount of rotation
(less than a full turn).

3D Shapes and Nets

 A dice is an example of a three-dimensional shape.
 A net is a two-dimensional pattern that can be folded to form a three-dimensional
solid.
 A 3D shape can have more than one possible net.
Examples:
 Cuboid
o A solid made up of 6 rectangles.
o Its net consists of six rectangular faces.
 Square-Based Pyramid
o Made up of four triangles and one square (the base).
o Its net unfolds into those five shapes.
Perimeter and Area

🔷 Perimeter
 Definition:
The perimeter is the total length of the boundary of a closed figure. It tells us how
long the outer edge is.

Perimeter of a Square
 Formula:
Perimeter=4×side\text{Perimeter} = 4 \times \text{side}Perimeter=4×side
 Example:
If the side of a square is 6 meters:
Perimeter=4×6=24 meters\text{Perimeter} = 4 \times 6 = 24 \
text{ meters}Perimeter=4×6=24 meters

Perimeter of a Rectangle
 Formula:
Perimeter=2L+2WorPerimeter=2×(L+W)\text{Perimeter} = 2L + 2W \quad \text{or} \quad \
text{Perimeter} = 2 \times (L + W)Perimeter=2L+2WorPerimeter=2×(L+W)
where:
o LLL = length
o WWW = width
 Example:
If L=10L = 10L=10 cm and W=4W = 4W=4 cm:
Perimeter=2×(10+4)=28 cm\text{Perimeter} = 2 \times (10 + 4) = 28 \
text{ cm}Perimeter=2×(10+4)=28 cm

🔶 Area
 Definition:
The area is the space covered by the surface of a two-dimensional shape. It's
measured in square units (like cm², m²).

Area of a Square
  Formula:
Area=side×side=side2\text{Area} = \text{side} \times \text{side} = \
text{side}^2Area=side×side=side2
 Example:
If the side of a square is 11 meters:
Area=11×11=121 m2\text{Area} = 11 \times 11 = 121 \text{ m}^2Area=11×11=121 m2

Area of a Rectangle
 Formula:
Area=Length×Width\text{Area} = \text{Length} \times \text{Width}Area=Length×Width
 Example:
If L=8L = 8L=8 cm and W=5W = 5W=5 cm:
Area=8×5=40 cm2\text{Area} = 8 \times 5 = 40 \text{ cm}^2Area=8×5=40 cm2
Unit 8: Data Handling
Average

📘 Definition:
To find the average of a set of values, you:
1. Add all the quantities together to find the sum.
2. Divide the sum by the number of quantities.

🧮 Formula:
Average=Sum of all quantitiesNumber of quantities\text{Average} = \frac{\text{Sum of all
quantities}}{\text{Number of
quantities}}Average=Number of quantitiesSum of all quantities

✅ Example:
Suppose we have five numbers: 6, 8, 10, 12, and 14.
 Step 1: Find the sum
6+8+10+12+14=506 + 8 + 10 + 12 + 14 = 506+8+10+12+14=50
 Step 2: Divide by the number of values (5)
Average=505=10\text{Average} = \frac{50}{5} = 10Average=550=10
📌 Key Points:
 Average helps us understand the central value or the typical amount in a group.
 It is also known as the arithmetic mean.