A nurse has developed a nursing diagnosis of ineffective airway clearance for a client who sustained an
inhalation burn injury. Which of the following nursing intervention should include in the plan of care for
this client?
a. Monitor oxygen saturation every 4 hrs.
b. Encourage coughing and deep breathing every 4 hrs.
c. Elevate the head of bed
d. Asses respiratory rate and breath sounds every 4 hrs.
A nurse in the telemetry unit is monitoring a client for cardiac changes indicative of hypokalemia. Which
of the following if noted in cardiac monitor, would indicate the presence of hypokalemia?
a. Tall, peaked T wave
b. ST segment depression
c. Widening QRS complex
d. Prolonged PR interval
A client who sustained an inhalation injury arrives in ER. On initial assessment the nurse notes that the
client is very confused and combative. The nurse determines that the client is most likely experiencing?
a. Anxiety
b. Fear
c. Pain
d. Hypoxia
A nurse is performing an assessment on a client who was admitted to the hospital with a diagnosis of
carbon monoxide poisoning. Which of the following assessments performed by the nurse would primarily
elicit data related to a deterioration of the client’s condition?
a. Skin color
b. Apical rate
c. Respiratory rate
d. Level of consciousness
A nurse suspects that a pulmonary embolism has developed in a postpartum client with femoral
thrombophlebitis. The immediate nursing action would be to:
a. Monitor vital signs
b. Elevate the head of the bed 30 to 40degrees
c. Initiate an intravenous line if one is not already in place
d. Administer oxygen by face mask as prescribed at 8-10l/min
A client with a history of silicosis is admitted to the hospital with respiratory distress and impending
respiratory failure. The nurse plans to have which of the following items readily available at the client’s
bedside?
a. Chest tube drainage system
b. Intubation tray
c. Thoracentesis tray
d. Crash cart
1.] Caspases are involved in ?
a. Necrosis
b. Apoptosis
c. Atherosclerosis
d. Inflammation
2.] True about apoptosis are all except ?
a. Inflammation in present
b. Chromosomal breakage
c. Clumping of chromatin
d. Cell shrinkage
3.] Most pathognomic sign of irreversible cell injury ?
a. Amporphous densities in mitochondria
b. Swelling of the cell membrane
c. Ribosome detached from endoplasmic reticulum
d. Clumping of nuclear chromatin
.] Programmed cell death is known as ?
a. Cytolysis
b. Apoptosis
c. Necrosis
d. Proptosis
.] Irreversible cell injury in cell is ?
a. Deposition of Ca++ in mitochondria
b. Swelling
c. Mitotic figure
d. Ribosomal detachment
.] Apoptosis is ?
a. Cell degradation
b. Type of cell injury
c. Cell regeneration
d. Cell activation
.] Apoptosis is alternatively called as ?
a. Ischemic cell death
b. Programmed cell death
c. Post traumatic cell death
d. All of the above
.] Liquefactive necrosis is seen in ?
a. Heart
b. Brain
c. Lung
d. Spleen
.] Coagulative necrosis is founded in which infection ?
a. TB
b. Sarcoidosis
c. Gangrene
d. Fungal infection
.] Caspases are seen in which of the following ?
a. Cell division
b. Apoptosis
c. Necrosis
d. Inflammation
Which of the following is correct for the partial pressure of oxygen in alveoli?
(a) less than carbon dioxide
(b) less than the blood
(c) more than the blood
(d) equal to that of the blood
2. Which of the following is a chronic respiratory disorder caused by smoking?
(a) Asthma
(b) Emphysema
(c) Respiratory alkalosis
(d) Respiratory acidosis
3. Most of the carbon dioxide produced in the tissues is transported to the lungs as
(a) carbonates
(b) bicarbonates
(c) dissolved in the blood
(d) attached to haemoglobin
4. The gaseous exchange in alveoli is a type of
(a) simple diffusion
(b) osmosis
(c) active transport
(d) passive transport
5. The linings that separate air contained in lungs from venous blood
(a) squamous epithelium and tunica media
(b) squamous epithelium and endothelium
(c) transitional epithelium and tunica externa
(d) none of the above
6. Which of the following organs only receives oxygenated blood?
(a) Lungs
(b) Gills
(c) Liver
(d) Spleen
7. Which of the following parts of the brain regulates the respiratory process?
(a) The vagus nerve
(b) Cerebral peduncle
(c) Medulla oblongata
(d) Cerebellum
8. Which of the following membranes encloses lungs?
(a) Pleural membrane
(b) Pericardium
(c) Perichondrium
(d) Periosteum
9. RBCs present in the blood of a person residing at higher altitudes
(a) decrease in size
(b) increase in size
(c) decrease in the number
(d) increase in the number
10. The alveolar epithelium of lungs is
(a) ciliated squamous
(b) nonciliated squamous
(c) nonciliated columnar
(d) ciliated columnar
