Compiled by Sara Qazi
KP-PMS screening test preparation
Abbreviations and Their Full Forms
1. AIDS – Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome
2. BASIC – Beginner’s All-Purpose Symbolic Instruction Code
3. BTU – British Thermal Unit
4. CFC – Chloro Fluoro Carbons
5. CNG – Compressed Natural Gas
6. DBS – Data Base System
7. DNA – Deoxyribonucleic Acid
8. ECG – Electrocardiography
9. ETT – Exercise Tolerance Test
10.HDL – High-Density Lipoprotein
11.LAN – Local Area Network
12.LASER – Light Amplification through Stimulated Emission of Radiations
13.LCD – Liquid Crystal Display
14.LED – Light Emitting Diode
15.LPG – Liquefied Petroleum Gas
16.MASER – Microwave Amplification by Stimulated Emission of Radiation
17.MeV – Mega Electron Volt
18.NPN – Negative Positive Negative
19.NTP – Network Time Protocol
20.PVC – Polyvinyl Chloride
21.RADAR – Radio Detection and Ranging
22.ROM – Read-Only Memory
23.RQ – Respiratory Quotient
24.SARS – Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome
25.SONAR – Sound Navigation and Ranging
26.TNT – Trinitrotoluene
27.UHF – Ultra-High Frequency
28.WAN – Wide Area Network
29.WWW – World Wide Web
Biology Facts and Concepts
● Mitochondria are often called the powerhouse of the cell.
● A ligament connects the muscle with the bone.
● Polio is caused by a virus.
● The rupture of red blood cells is called Eryptosis.
● The left lung has two lobes, while the right lung has three lobes.
● DNA has a double helix structure, while RNA does not have a double helix structure.
● The pulmonary veins return oxygenated blood to the right atrium.
● The normal temperature of human blood is 37°C (98.60°F).
● The metal atom present in chlorophyll is Magnesium.
● The cell structure that controls the movement of materials into and out of the cell is the
Cell Membrane.
● A mammal that can fly is the Bat.
● The conversion of non-diffusible substances into diffusible ones by the action of
enzymes is called digestion.
● When a person can see nearby objects but not distant ones, he is said to have
Myopia/Near-sightedness/Short-sightedness.
● Cellulose is the main chemical substance in the plant cell wall.
● Enzymes are organic catalysts made up of proteins.
● According to recent classifications, living organisms are divided into five kingdoms.
● ADH is a hormone secreted by the posterior pituitary gland.
● Cancer can be treated by Chemotherapy and Radiotherapy.
● The number of spinal nerves in humans is 31 pairs.
● Muscle stiffness is caused by a disease called Tetanus.
● The three elements needed for the healthy growth of plants are N (Nitrogen), P
(Phosphorus), and K (Potassium).
● Influenza is caused by a virus.
● The liver produces bile, which is involved in the breakdown of fats.
● About 60-70% of the human body consists of water.
● All the oxygen we breathe is produced by the splitting of water during
photosynthesis.
● Morphine can cause constipation and lower blood pressure.
A convex lens is used for the correction of Hyperopia (Long-sightedness).
● The total number of bones in the human face is 14.
● Persons with AB+ blood group are considered to be universal recipients.
● Fruits with seeds, like bananas, are called Parthenocarpic fruits.
● Myopia is a defect of the human eye. It can be corrected using a concave lens.
● Inhaled air passes through the bronchiole in the last stage.
● Hepatitis A is transmitted through feces.
● Digestion involves ingestion, digestion, absorption, and elimination. In humans, most
nutrient molecules are absorbed by the small intestine.
● All plant life is based upon compounds made of Oxygen, Carbon, and Nitrogen.
● In blood, the percentage of water is 90%.
● Measles is a viral disease.
● Leukemia is a type of blood cancer.
● Hemophilia is a hereditary disease.
● Cataract is a disease of the eye.
● Rayon is made of cellulose.
● The inherited traits of a person can be investigated through the study of
Deoxyribonucleic Acid (DNA).
● The acid present in sour milk is Formic acid.
● The most important stimulant in tea leaves is Caffeine.
● Film in a camera is analogous to the retina in the human eye.
● 72-80 is the average adult pulse rate.
● After drinking contaminated water, a person is most likely to develop Typhoid fever.
● In eye donation, the cornea of the donor’s eye is utilized.
● Alzheimer's is a disease of the brain.
● Convex lenses are used for the correction of Long-sightedness (Hyperopia).
● The procedure of crushing gallstones and kidney stones using a laser is called
Lithotripsy.
● In a normal healthy body, the number of red blood cells (erythrocytes) in each cubic
millimeter of blood is 5.0 million.
● The average lifespan of a red blood cell in the body is about 120 days.
● DNA is a class of nucleic acids.
● The protein that renders a cell less susceptible to attack by viruses is called
Chloromycetin.
● ECG is an instrument used for the disorder of the heart.
● In Chlorophyll, magnesium is present.
● Calcium deficiency causes impaired growth in infants.
● Wheat, rice, corn, and maize are the best sources of carbohydrates.
● In thyroid glands, iodine is required for the synthesis of Thyroxin.
● Impure blood is received in the heart in the right auricle.
● Plants take nitrogen in the form of nitrate.
● Washing soda in water behaves acidic.
● The pituitary gland maintains body temperature.
● Dead red blood cells are stored in the liver.
● The color of the skin is due to the presence of melanin.
● The liver secretes bile.
● The part of the body directly affected by pneumonia is the respiratory system.
● Amino acids are a product of the digestion of protein.
● Ptyalin is a starch-digesting enzyme.
● Pepsin, a digestive enzyme, is produced in the stomach.
● Milk is nearly a complete food by itself.
● AIDS was first identified in 1983.
● Anthrax is a bacterial disease.
● Blood is formed in the bone marrow of the human body.
● Trachoma is a disease of the eye.
● The heart of a normal adult human male weighs about 300 grams, and that of a female
weighs about 200 grams.
● The heart pumps 5 liters of blood per minute in a normal human adult at rest.
● The part of the body directly affected by Rickets is bone tissue.
● Histology is the study of tissues.
