International Journal of Research Publication and Reviews, Vol 6, Issue 4, pp 9954-9957 April 2025

International Journal of Research Publication and Reviews

Automatic Fish Feeding System.

Prof. A. A. Patil1, Miss. Sana Fakruddin Shaikh2, Miss. Shraddha Jitendra Todkar3, Miss. Prajakta
Ankush Waghmare4
1234
Department of Electronics and Telecommunication Engineering DACOE, Karad.

ABSTRACT:

The Automatic Fish Feeding System represents an advanced product that improves aquarium feeding operations through optimum management of fish nutrition.
The aquaculture feeding process receives optimal nutrition through this system which prevents excessive waste, minimizing waste. The automated feeding system
combines advanced sensors with feeding controllers within this project. A combination of advanced sensor technology will enable the system to observe fish
activities alongside water conditions during automated feeding schedule execution. The system achieves accurate food portioning with the help of a microcontroller-
based system. The system generates precise food distribution at pre-programmed time periods and addresses fish behavior plus environmental changes. The system
incorporates an interface which users will find friendly to operate. The system features a mobile application which enables simple customization and device
supervision. The automated system enhances both operational efficiency and efficiency of fish farming. At the same time, this system helps to support sustainable
operations by properly distributing feed while managing water quality efficiently. The Automatic Fish Feeding System establishes its main objective as working to
improve fish wellness as well as yield quantity and establishes economic sustainability for aquaculture operations.

Keywords: Fish Feeder, Automatic System, Timer-Based Feeding, Smart Aquarium, Motor Control, Microcontroller, Sensor Monitoring, Remote
Control.

1. Introduction:

The modern fish farming activities are experiencing exponential growth that now supplies protein as a major food source to numerous populations
throughout the world significant source of protein for millions of people worldwide increasingly demand fish products the accelerating fish consumption
demand has made it crucial to implement better sustainable farming methods traditional fish feed management currently depends on workers who
undertake manual tasks that generate multiple feeding problems and water resource damage the practice of feeding fish irregularly along with excessive
food distribution produces negative effects on fish health and water conditions health and water quality the automatic fish feeding system resolves these
problems through its automated feeding solution feeding process modern technological capabilities built into this system enable precise feeding of fish
will get controlled portion sizes at the exact feeding moments that consider their natural feeding patterns and environmental conditions the system
implements sensors to provide real-time checking the system monitors fish behaviors as well as water measurements to change feeding operations
accordingly feeding schedules accordingly the project includes a mobile application which ensures user-friendliness for its operations fishermen can use
this system to conveniently set up and inspect automation of feeding operations this not the system both optimizes daily management and gives farmers
the power to base their decisions on collected data that enhance productivity and sustainability the automatic fish feeding system functions as an advanced
system that brings substantial contributions to the aquarium industry the research team develops advanced aquaculture technology to boost fish medical
health outcomes while minimizing waste output and advancing industry economic results such technology aids the industrial sector to achieve economic
development through innovation and the project brings automation to fish farming operations that seeks to develop sustainable fish management for future
years farming

2. Literature Survey:

The table below provides a comparative analysis of research papers focused on Automatic Fish Feeding System. It highlights the authors, titles, publication
years, along with the advantages (pros) and limitations (cons) of the proposed methods and technologies in each study. This comparison aims to offer
insights into the advancements and challenges in the domain of automated answer grading systems using artificial intelligence, natural language
processing (NLP).

Table 1 – Comparative Analysis of Research

Sr. No. AUTHOR TITLE YEAR PROS CONS

[1] Sobri, M.A., Topiq, S. Automatic Fish Feed 2024 Enables precise feeding Requires stable internet connectivity;
Design and IoT Based schedules, real-time water may be complex for beginners.
Monitoring Using monitoring, and remote
NodeMCU ESP8266 control via smartphone.
Microcontroller

[2] Shafie, R., Abdullah, Design and 2018 Utilizes RTC for accurate Limited to preset feeding times; lacks
R., et al. Development of an feeding times; includes remote monitoring capabilities.
Automatic Fish Feeder LCD and LED indicators
Using Real Time Clock for user-friendly operation.
(RTC)

[3] Osueke, O.C., Design and 2018 Electrically powered with Fixed dispensing capacity; may not
Olayanju, T.M.A., et Construction of an a capacity to dispense be suitable for varying fish sizes or
al. Automatic Fish Feeder 420g of feed pellets in 90 species.
Machine seconds; addresses manual
feeding challenges.

[4] Indrawati, E.M., Development of Fuzzy 2025 Integrates fuzzy logic for Complex system design; may require
Suprianto, B., et al. Logic Automatic Fish adaptive feeding; includes advanced technical knowledge for
Feeding System and IoT-based water quality setup.
IoT-based Water monitoring with high
Quality Control accuracy.

[5] Mahendra, T.C., Automatic Feeding 2024 Utilizes IoT for scheduled Relies on consistent power supply;
Sunardi, S. System in Pond Fish feeding; integrates may face connectivity issues in
Farming Based on the ultrasonic sensors for remote areas.
Internet of Things monitoring; enhances pond
fish farming efficiency.

[6] Hu, Zhao, et al. Intelligent Fish Feeding 2023 Explores machine vision Primarily a review; lacks practical
Based on Machine applications in intelligent implementation details.
Vision: A Review feeding, including fish size
measurement and behavior
analysis.

3. Block diagram & Flow chart of proposed system:

Fig. a) shows block diagram of proposed system fig. b) shows flow chart of proposed system
 International Journal of Research Publication and Reviews, Vol 6, Issue 4, pp 9954-9957 April 2025 9956

[1] To design and develop an automatic fish feeding system using an ESP8266 microcontroller, integrated with IoT for real-time monitoring and remote
control to ensure efficient and timely fish feeding.

[2] To create a user-friendly automatic fish feeder using a Real Time Clock (RTC) module that allows accurate and scheduled feeding, reducing the need
for manual labor in small-scale aquaculture.

[3] To design and build a simple, electrically powered automatic fish feeding machine capable of dispensing a fixed quantity of feed at regular intervals,
addressing the challenges of manual feeding in fish farming.

4. Modules and Their Functionalities:

Module 1: Control and Processing Module

The system control capabilities are located in this module which operates using specific microcontrollers including AVR ATmega328 and ESP32 and
Raspberry Pi to control all functionalities. The system depends on a Real-Time Clock (RTC) technology to preserve planning integrity by delivering feed
at specific time points. The microcontroller takes input signals from connected sensors before it runs the programmed feeding logic and establishes
communication with other modules for coordinated operations.

Module 2: Feeding Mechanism Module

Through its implementation the physical feeding process functions with a servo or stepper motor which operates from a food container or dispensing
mechanism. A controlled module activation of the motor causes it to rotate and drop a specific volume of fish food to the water tank. The automated feed
dispenser features an adjustable design component which enables it to deliver suitable fish food amounts for different types and sizes based on
environmental requirements.

Module 3: Power and Connectivity Module

A suitable power supply unit inside this module powers the entire system by providing unvarying voltage to the microcontroller and motor and any
installed sensors. The system supports remote control through Wi-Fi or Bluetooth interfaces which use an ESP32 or Raspberry Pi to allow users to control
feeding with a smartphone or computer. The system operates nonstop thanks to this module while its wireless communication features enhance operational
flexibility.

Module 4: User Interaction and Monitoring Module

Users interact with this module through an LCD display and smartphone application which enables the programming then monitoring of feeding
sequences. The system can be equipped with additional sensors which detect food supplies and water conditions to provide live information about
management decisions. Environmental data collection and feeding history maintenance through the system make it easier to achieve better aquarium and
fish farm administration.

5. Objective:

1. The system should have a design that distributes food based on time schedules through automated dispense components connected to a
microcontroller and RTC module. A microcontroller together with an RTC module controls the feeding intervals.

2. Sensors should be used to measure food consumption for automatic adjustment of feeding distribution frequencies amounts accordingly.

3. A real-time monitoring interface needs development through construction of an LCD display for feeding purposes status and system settings.

4. Moving forward the team will enable Internet-enabled control that lets users oversee feeding operations remotely through IoT technology.
Schedules via smartphone or web app.

5. The system needs to undergo testing under different performance conditions to validate operational reliability conditions to validate its
effectiveness.

6. Conclusion:

The automated fish feeding system functions as an efficient method to manage regular tuna feeding operations in aquarium settings.

The automatic fish feeding system provides aquariums with enhanced time-based feeding control enabling better aquarium pet care. By integrating a

The microcontroller-powered device and servo motor with sensor options provides exact food distribution.

Food dispensing at designated times. Users can operate the interface smoothly to perform tasks within the system.

The system offers optional features of remote control alongside data logging capabilities in addition to essential functions such as monitoring and
configuration. This project provides two main benefits by streamlining aquarium fish care procedures.
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Through its operation the system delivers benefits to fish health as well as creates better environmental conditions in the tank becoming an important tool
for aquarists.

REFERENCES:

[1] P. D. Karningsih, R. Kusumawardani, N. Syahroni, Y. Mulyadi, M. S. B. M. Saad, “Automated Fish Feeding System for an Offshore Aquaculture
Unit”, IOP Conf. Ser.: Mater. Sci. Eng., 2021.

[2] P. Babu, K. Ashok Kumar, N. Rakesh, C. Ramana, “Development of Automatic Fish Feeding Machine for Integrated Floating Cage Aquageoponic
System”, Int. J. Environ. Climate Change, 2023.

[3] Ogunlela A.O., Adebayo A.A., “Development and Performance Evaluation of an Automatic Fish Feeder”, Int. J. Sci. Univ. Res. Publ., 2018.

[4] Sampath T., Senthil Kumar G., Dhanagopal R., Pavanram, “Smart Fish Feeding System for Aquaculture”, Int. J. Control Autom., 2020.

[5] Ferdaus A. Jibon, Farjana S. Rafi, Zinia B. Jamal, Afia Anjum, Md. A. Islam, “An Improved IoT-based Prototype for Fish Feeding and Monitoring
System”, Glob. J. Comput. Sci. Technol., 2024.

[6] Made A.S. Widyati, Yusuf Anshori, Chairunnisa A.L., Rahmah Laila, Yuri Y. Joefrie, “Automatic Fish Feeding and Temperature Control System
Based on IoT”, J. Appl. Inform. Comput., 2024.

[7] R. Shafie, R. Abdullah, A. N. Jaafar, S. Rohafauzi, N. N. S. N. Dzulkefli, “Design and Development of an Automatic Fish Feeder Using RTC”, J.
Fundam. Appl. Sci., 2018.

[8] K. Priyadarshini, B. Tharun, Farooq H. Mohammad, K. Anji, V. Neelima, “IoT-Based Fish Feeder System”, IJCT, 2025.

[9] Indrawati E.M., Bambang Suprianto, Unit T. Kartini, “Development of Fuzzy Logic Auto Fish Feeding and IoT Water Quality Control”, J. Eng. Res.
Rep., 2025.

[10] Rania Hossam, Ahmed Heakl, Walid Gomaa, “Precision Aquaculture: Computer Vision and IoT for Tilapia Feeding”, arXiv, 2024.

[11] Nurul H. M. Tahir, Safuan N. Mohamad, Wan F. W. Tarmizi, M. Luqman M. Zain, “IoT Aquarium Monitoring with Fish Feeder Automation”, J.
Eng. Technol. (JET), 2020.

[12] M.A. Sobri, S. Topiq, “Automatic Fish Feed Design and IoT Monitoring Using ESP8266”, Int. J. Innov. Res. Sci. Eng. Technol., 2024.