Summary of all English

lessons including Poems.

Class 9 –[Both the books]
CHAPTERS FROM
MOMENTS AND
BEEHIVE
 In the kingdom of fools
‘In the kingdom of fools’ is an interesting story of a kingdom run by a foolish king. One day, a
saint and his disciple reached the kingdom. The saint was astonished to see that the people were
sleeping during the day and worked during the night. He was disturbed to see that all the food
items in the kingdom costed the same, one duddu. He analysed that it was a kingdom of fools and
ordered his disciple to leave the place. The disciple did not leave with his guru as he was lured by
the abundance of cheap food. One day, a man approached the king for justice. He claimed that his
brother was committing his ancient trade of theft and during that, the wall of a man’s house fell on
him and he died. He asked the king to get him compensated. As the king was foolish, he did not
analysed that the dead man was a criminal. On the contrary, he tried all the people who were
involved in the death of the thief the rich merchant who was the owner of the house whose wall
had broken, the man who had built the wall, the dancing girl due to whom the builder had built a
weak wall and the Goldsmith because of whom the dancing girl had to move around in the street
that day. Finally, the king decided that the merchant’s father was the real culprit. As he was dead
and his son had inherited all his property, so, he would also get punished in place of his father.
Another turn of events takes place when the minister feels that the merchant is too thin to be killed
by the stake. The king orders his men to find a fat person who could be punished in place of the
merchant. As the disciple had become very fat, the men took him to the king. The innocent man
prayed to his guru for help . The guru visualizes that his disciple is in trouble and reaches to save
him. He uses his Intelligence and wisdom to trap the foolish king. Finally, the king and his minister
get themselves killed by the stake in place of the Guru and his disciple. The people of the kingdom
beg the guru and his disciple to become their new king and minister. The guru agreed on a
condition that the kingdom would function normally like all other kingdoms did
 Iswaran The Storyteller
“Iswaran the Storyteller” is written by R. K. Laxman. The story is about a junior
supervisor named Mahendra, and his cook, Iswaran. Mahendra had to move from one place to
another as it was the nature of his job. He was a simple man, and so were his needs. Moreover,
Mahendra had the company of Iswaran, an excellent cook and storyteller. Iswaran was fond of
reading thrilling Tamil stories during his leisure time. Those Tamil thrillers influenced Iswaran
because he would narrate the stories to Mahendra by giving expressions and bodily gestures even
for the smallest [Link] first incident Iswaran narrated to Mahendra was about a mad
elephant. At that time Iswaran was studying in high school. One day, while the students were
playing on the ground, a wild elephant entered the school campus by breaking the
walls. Children and teachers ran to the roof of the building to save their lives. Later, Iswaran took
a stick from one of his teacher’s hand and went near theelephant. After approaching the elephant,
Iswaran gave a sudden kick to the elephant’s third toenail. As a result, the elephant
became unconscious and fell to the [Link] a full-moon night, Iswaran started talking about
ghosts. He said that the place where they were living was once a burial ground. Iswaran told
Mahendra about the spirit he had seen on a full-moon night. The ghost carried an unborn
baby(foetus) in her arms. This terrified Mahendra so much that he could hear a crying sound of a
woman outside his window while he was sleeping. He looked out in fear, and there he saw the spirit
of the woman holding a bundle in her hands. He thought to himself that it was
his subconscious mind playing all kinds of tricks. The next morning Iswaran started asking
Mahendra about the sight he had seen during the previous night. But Mahendra was too
frightened that he didn't let Iswaran complete his conversation. He hurried off to his
office determined to resign from his job and leave the haunted place the very next day.
 The Adventures Of Toto
The writer’s grandfather liked to collect animals and had a zoo at home. Once he bought a monkey
named Toto from a tonga driver for a sum of five [Link] was kept secretly as the grandmother
disliked animals. Toto was very mischievous. When the writer and his grandfather hid Toto in a
cupboard, and tied him to a hook, he broke the hook and caused havoc in the room. The next day,
when he was kept in the servants room along with other animals, he did not let them sleep all
[Link] grandfather had to go to Saharanpur for work, he decided to take the monkey along with
him. He carried Toto in a strong bag made of canvas and closed the zip nicely so that Toto could
not escape. Toto made unsuccessful attempts to get out of the bag, which made the back jump and
roll. This aroused the curiosity of fellow passengers at the railway station. At the Saharanpur
railway station, when grandfather was getting his ticket checked, Toto peeked out of the bag and
smiled at the ticket collector. As the ticket collector declared that it was a dog, grandfather had to
buy a ticket for 3 rupees, much to his [Link] toto was accepted by grandmother, it was
given a place in the stable along with the donkey- Nana. Toto did not get along with nana as
[Link] enjoyed taking bath in warm water during the winter season. One day, he almost boiled
himself when he jumped into a kettle of boiling water. One afternoon, Toto ate the family meal of
pulao. He threw the empty dish from the tree and it broke it into several [Link]’s mischiefs
grew by the day and grandfather realized that they could not keep him at home. Finally, he found
the same tonga driver and sold Toto back to him for a sum of three rupees.
 The Lost Child
It was the season of spring. The people of the village came out of their houses, in colorful attire and
walked towards the fair. A child along with his parents was going to the fair and was very excited
and happy. He was attracted to the stalls of toys and sweets. Though his father got angry but his
mother pacified him and diverted his attention towards other things. The child moved forward but
once again lagged behind because his eyes were caught by one thing or the other every now and
then. As they moved forward, the child wanted the various things on the stalls. His mouth watered
seeing sweets decorated with gold and silver leaves. He wanted his favorite burfi but knowing that
his parents would refuse on the ground that he was greedy, he walked ahead. Then he saw
beautiful garlands of Gulmohar but didn’t ask for it, then he saw balloons but he knew very well
that his parents would deny due to the fact that he was too old to play with balloons, so he walked
away. Then he saw a snake charmer and a roundabout swing. As he stopped to ask his parents for
permission to enjoy the swing, to his astonishment, there was no reply. Neither his father nor his
mother was there. Now the child realized that he was lost. He ran here and there but could not find
them. The place was overcrowded. He got terrified but suddenly a kind-hearted man took him up in
his arms and consoled the bitterly weeping child. He asked if he would like to have a joyride but the
child sobbed “I want my father, I want my mother.” The man offered him sweets, balloons and
garland but the child kept sobbing “I want my father, I want my mother.”
 The Little Girl
The Little Girl’ is the story of a little girl, Kezia who misunderstood her father’s strictness and
usually remained scared of him. She kept a distance from him, whenever he would be at home. She
considered him to be as big as a giant. She would often get nervous and stutter while talking to
him. She longed for his love and affection like her neighbour Mr Macdonald. Once she was kept
indoors as she was affected by cold. Her grandmother suggested that she make a gift for her
father’s birthday next week. They decided that Kezia would make a pincushion for him. Kezia made
a beautiful pin-cushion; but she accidentally made a mistake. She filled it with bits of paper that
she got by tearing her father’s important speech. She was punished for that. This incident further
estranged Kezia from her father. She would often look at the neighbours, the Macdonalds playing
joyously in their lawn. Mr. Macdonald was such a good father and played so lovingly with his
children. She wondered he might be a different sort of father. Once her mother fell ill and was
hospitalized. She was left alone at home under the care of the cook. At night she had a nightmare
and woke up screaming. She found her father standing by her bedside. He picked her up and took
her to her room. He tucked her up in his bed and soon fell asleep. Kezia felt secure lying near her
father. She realized that her father was not as big as a giant. She felt the beating of her father’s
loving large heart. Finally, she realized her father was very loving and had a generous heart.
 A Truly Beautiful Mind
Albert Einstein was born on 14th March in 1879, in the German city of Ulm. Till the age of two and
a half years, he could not speak and when he started speaking, he spoke every word twice. His
playmates considered him to be boring and his mother thought that he was crazy because of the
abnormally large size of his head. At school, his headmaster regarded him as stupid and good for
[Link] he proved them all wrong. At the age of 6, at the insistence of his mother, he learned
to play the violin. He became a gifted violinist. At the age of 15, his family moved to Munich. He did
not feel comfortable with the strict discipline at the school and left [Link] completing his schooling,
he joined the University at Zurich because the atmosphere there was more liberal, and accepted
new ideas and concepts. He showed more interest in Physics and Mathematics.
He met a fellow student, Mileva Maric at the University. She was equally intelligent and clever.
Later on, they married and had 2 sons but unfortunately, their marriage did not survive, and were
divorced in [Link] completing his education, Albert worked as a technical expert in the patent
office at Bern. Here, he worked secretly on his idea of relativity. In 1915, he published his paper on
the special theory of relativity, followed by the world-famous equation E = [Link] 1915, he
published his paper on General Theory of Relativity, which gave an absolutely new definition to the
concept of gravity. This theory made him a famous figure. In 1919, during the solar eclipse, his
theory came out to be accurate and revolutionized physics. In 1933, he emigrated to the USA as
Nazis had come to power in Germany. He did not want his finding and research to be used for
[Link] 1938, when Germany discovered the principle of Nuclear Fission, he was the first
person to write to the American President about the dangers of the atomic bombs. In 1945, when
America dropped the Atomic Bombs on Nagasaki and Hiroshima, he was deeply hurt and wrote to
the United Nations for the formation of a world government to prevent the recurrence of such
[Link] spent his later days in politics advocating world peace and democracy. He died at
the age of 76 in the year 1955.
POEMS FROM
BEEHIVE
 Wind
In the poem, the poet is talking to the wind and he asks the wins to come softly. Poet also
says that wind should not be strong and it should come delicately and softly. Then he
describes that powerful wind is destructive and it breaks the shutters and windows and
scatters the paper. Moreover, when the wind is very powerful then it takes down the books
from the shelves. After that, he asks the wind to look at the damage it has [Link],
whenever the wind is strong all the weak things like plants, children, etc. get fearful and
sometimes get hurt. In the initial part of the poem, the poet is referring to the wind as a
young child. Firstly, he said that it comes softly as a child does. Later on, we come to know
that it became destructive like a youth full of energy, violence, and [Link] the next
pare he continuously repeated the word ‘crumbling’ to lay stress that everything crumbles in
the face of strong wind. So, the poet wants to say that everything breaks when the wind is
very strong and powerful. He says that weak houses, weak doors, beams, wooden structures,
bodies of people, animals, etc. all fall and crumbles. In addition, everything which is weak
reacts by breaking or falling down in the face of hardship. Hence, the poet says that whenever
weak people faces and hardship or challenge in life they fall or break [Link] the next
paragraph, he addresses the wind as ‘wind god’ and he says that the powerful god of wind
examines, meaning it shifts people and those who are weak fall down and get crushed.
Therefore, here the poet made a comparison between wheat and people. Just like we sort the
wheat to separate the grain from the chaff, in the same way, the wind god separates the
strong people form weak people.
Moreover, when there is strong wind all the things that are weak fall and get [Link]
that, the poet wants us to make friends with the wind i.e. the hardships in our lives. He says
that we should be ready for the problems as they will come and will not listen to us. Also, we
should build strong homes and close the doors of our house firmly so the wind cannot enter
them. Moreover, the poet says that we should make our hearts and bodies stronger to face
these challenges. And when we are strong enough to face challenges then we will not feel
[Link] keeps the wind on a pedestal and comparing it to god. The poet says that
wind is a god and we praise it daily. He also adds that everything that is weak gets over in
the face of the strong wind. In addition, all the things that are strong flourish and grow
stronger. The poet gives us the message we should make ourselves physically and mentally
strong to face these challenges. Also, when we become their friends then we will be happy. As
they will help us to become stronger and better because the challenges and hardships of life
make us better
 The Road Not Taken
The article is all about the Road Not Taken Summary by Robert Frost. It explains about the road not
taken summary in short. This poem signifies a situation where the poet was walking down a road that
had a diversion. He had to choose between the two paths. Since he was a single person, he could choose
only one of the two paths. The wood was yellow which represents a world full of people who have been
residing for many [Link] poet kept standing at that fork and looked at the paths very carefully. He
looked as far as he could. Before moving forward on one path, he wants to understand how it was. Was it
suitable for him to walk on it or not? He was able to see the path till from where it got curved. However,
afterward it was covered with trees and thus was hidden. He wanted to understand the advantages and
disadvantages of the paths. The same happens in life too. We have to make decisions thinking about its
good and bad consequences in the [Link] poet looked at one path for a long time to decide whether
it’s good or not for him. Then he takes the alternative path as he feels that both paths are equally good.
He feels that the path he chose was better for him. The path was grassy which depicted that it was
walked over by fewer people and also, it was ‘wanted wear”.It depicted that the path was unused.
However, as he walks on the path for some distance, he realizes that both the paths were similarly worn
out. Even in our life, every decision has its own good and bad consequences. We might think we are in a
better position than the others but it is not the [Link] poet says that the two paths looked similar
that morning. Both were having leaves on them. No one stepped on that and thus they were green. He
decided to move forward on one path and keep the other for another day. Although he knew that he
would not be able to return back as one path would lead to another. This happens in life too. We make a
decision and move forward in that direction. We think that we would get a chance to start over again if
we fail. But that does not [Link] poet says that sometime in the future, he will take a deep breath
and tell that once in a lifetime he had to take a tough decision.
He was standing at a diversion of two roads. Both looked to him equally well. Thus, he
decides to move forward on the road which fewer people took. As a result, it has made
him what he is today. That one decision shaped his [Link], in the future, when
we grow up, and then we have to say that once upon a time when you were in your youth,
you have to take tough decisions. The choice made by you had made you what you are
today. Thus, the article of the poem the road not taken summary gives a very strong
message to the [Link] tells us to be careful in making decisions in life. One should be
very wise and careful while making choices as our choices shape our future. Also, once
we make a decision, it is very difficult to change and start again. One bad decision could
make us regret it throughout life. All this depends on the choices we make today.
 Rain On The Roof
In this poem, the poet says that when the humid shadows drift (here, ‘humid shadows’ means dark
clouds full of water). He says that when the sky is full of dark clouds which have moisture, and are
full of water and are about to bring rain. Further, when these clouds float around the sky over the
starry spheres (refers to the sky at night time that is full of stars).Then, huge clouds that are full of
moisture move around in the sky. And the raindrops that seem like a tear falling from the sky wipe
the sad darkness of the night. Moreover, the poet is comparing the raindrops to tears as to him the
dark sky seems very sad. Also, it appears as if it is weeping and the raindrops are the tears shed by it.
He further adds that it is like a blessing to lie on the bed in his room. And listen to the sound made
by raindrops falling on the [Link] the next part, the poet expresses his feelings when he hears the
raindrops falling on the roof of his house. Poet says that every tinkle on the shingles has an echo in
the heart. Whenever he hears raindrops falling on the rooftop its sound repeats in his heart and in
his dreams. Further, he has many different and fantastic imaginations. Also, the falling drops of rain
on the rooftops creates many new different dreams in his mind. For instance, he recollects many
memories of the past which come back into his mind as dreams
Hence, he listens to the patter of the rain upon the roof, he has many new dreams in his
mind. And his memories of the past come back in the form of [Link] the last
paragraph, the poet introduces his mother and says that he is dreaming of his mother. As
in the previous stanza that rain brings memories of the past. They were the memory of his
mother who is no longer alive. Long ago, his mother uses to love him a lot and she uses to
consider him a darling. Also, she would let him sleep until daybreak and have sweet
dreams. As he listens to the song made by the raindrops falling on the rooftop of his room
he feels that his mother is looking at him. Moreover, the sound of rain makes him
correlate his past with his present. That’s the reason he was so moved by the sound of
the raindrops on the shingles of his room. Every time he hears this sound it brings back
memories of the past as he reminds of his mother.
 The lake Isle Of Innisfree
In this poem ‘I’ refers to the poet William Yeats who says that he wants to go Innisfree.
There he will build a small room for himself with clay and small sticks that he will use to
make walls and fences of the cabin. Also, when he will live there then he will need some
food to eat. So, he will grow nine rows of beans near his cabin. Along with that, he will
have a beehive to get fresh honey from the beehive. Moreover, the poet says that the open
space, where he will build his room will be full of the buzzing sound of the bees. There he
will live alone in peace and [Link] the second paragraph, the poet says that when in
Innisfree, he will feel peaceful. And gradually he will feel peaceful as the feeling of peace is
felt slowly. He also describes how he would feel peaceful. When it is cloudy in the morning
and the view of the sky is not very clear, then it will appear as if the morning has worn a
veil and has hidden. Moreover, looking at this scene makes him feel peaceful. Also, he
says that when male cricket sings their song, that sound will also bring him peace. In the
midnight, when he sees the twinkling in the night sky, their shine five him peace. During
the afternoon, when the sunlight gives a purplish glow, which also gives him peace. In the
evening, when he sees the linnet bird flying in the sky, then again he feels peaceful.
This paragraph, the poet states that now he will take a stance and will go to Innisfree,
because all this time, the sound of the lake waters striking the shore repeats in his mind.
In addition, the sound of the lake attracts him towards the lake. Moreover, whenever he is
standing on the roadway or on the grey-colored pavements, he hears the sound deep in
the innermost part of his heart.
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