Medicine

Faculty f
m) 024-2025
ir“"ve‘r!r mic Yepar 2
medkzl students, AcC ades
m for the ‘h
End of Year Exa
10:00am-24 2*
- bnivemw opH-315 (
with 15
SRS ), 3 Cases
PAPER I: Part I: 30 McQ and 10 EMQ questions for40 marks (on! e mark each
1. hourur,,
30 minutes
marks each)
TRUE or FALSE statements for 30 marks (two
Part 1 8 essay questions for 32 marks 1 hour
Paper I: 12 pages in total

Section A MCQ: Choose ONE answer in the bubble sheet

1. All of the following muscles arise from the apex of the orbit, EXCEPT:
a. Superior oblique muscle
b Lateral rectus muscle
(o Inferior oblique muscle
d Inferior rectus muscle

2. Marfan syndrome is associated with all of the following EXCEPT:

a. Retinal detachment
b. Lens subluxation
c. Tall stature
d. Short fingers

proptosis in adults is:

3. The most common cause of bilateral
a. Thyroid orbitopathy
b. Orbital metastasis
c. Lymphoma
d. Frontal lobe meningioma

of the following EXCEPT:

4. Lagophthalmos can occur in all
a. 7th cranial nerve paralysis
b. 5th cranial nerve paralysis
c. Thyrotoxic exophthalmos
\
d. Parotid tumor

Page1of12
 ial canthus. The
compl ains of an a cute painful swelling at the med
5. [Link]-old femal e
was reluctant to
chronic dacryocystitis, but
patient gives a history of being treated for ¢
undergo surgery. What would be the most appropriate current management?
a. Surgery connecting the sac to the nose
b. Probing of the lacrimal sac
c. Intubation of the lacrimal sac
d. Systemic antibiotics

r cylinder axis 180 has:

6. A patient corrected with a minus 2 diopte
a. Simple hypermetropic astigmatism
b. Simple myopic astigmatism
c. Compound myopic astigmatism
d. Simple myopia

are true EXCEPT:

7. In keratoconus, all the following statements
a. Munson sign is positive
b. Corneal opacity may be seen
¢. Corneal topography is diagnostic
d. Kayser Fleisher ring is present.

mpa nied by:

8. Early senile nuclear cataract is acco
a. Myopic shift of refraction.
b. Hyperopic shift of refraction.
c. Night blindness.
d. Ocular pain.

superior rectus muscle?

9. What is the action of the
a. Elevation, intorsion, abduction
ion
b. Elevation, intorsion, adduct
ion
¢. Elevation, extorsion, adduct
ion
d. Elevation, extorsion, abduct
in the right eye &
ents with a recent onset of esodeviation
10. A 40-year-old male patient pres right esotropia 30
either eye. On examination, there is
diplopia that improved on covering management plan?
ction. What is the pest
prism diopters and limited abdu
a. Prescribing glasses
b. Starting systemic antibiotics
c. Asking for brain MRI
ery
d. Scheduling of urgent extraocular muscle surg

Page2of 12
T T e

ucoma, EXCEPT:
-angle gla
11. All the following field changes are associated with o
a. Nasal step
b. Central scotoma
¢. Arcuate scotoma
d. Tubular field

12. Phacolytic glaucoma occurs in the setting of:

a. Intumescent cataract
b. Open anterior lens capsule
€. Long-standing retinal detachment
d. Hypermature cataract

13. Which mechanism describes secondary glaucoma following ischemic central retinel =
occlusion?
a. Blood in the trabecular meshwork
b. Rise of IOP following arise in systemic blood pressure:
. Neo-vessel formation in the anterior chamber angle
d. Angle recession

14. Inviral conjunctivitis, all the following are true EXCEPT:

a. ltis self-limiting resolving in 14 days
b. Characterized by enlarged tender pre- auricular lymph nodes
c. Itis usually non-contagious.
d. One of the causes of follicular conjunctivitis

15. A 37-year-old man presented with aching pain and a drop of vision in the left eye for 5
days. Slit lamp examination revealed fine keratic precipitates, aqueous cells and flare in the
left eye. Which of the following medications is contraindicated?
a. Topical Corticosteroid eye drops
b. Topical Pilocarpine 2% eye drops
c. Topical Atropine 1% eye drops
g B g
d. Topical Timolol 0.5% eye drops
7 a
16. Complications of trachoma include:
13
a. Corneal descematocele
b. Cicatricial entropion
c. Sub conjunctival hemorrhage-
d. Ptosis

Page3of 12
 in diabetic retinopathy?
the mos t co mm on cause of drop of vision
17. Whatis
a. Macular edema
b. Retinal tear
¢. Retinal hemorrhage
d. disc edema

causes night blindness?

18. Which of the following diseases
a. Central retinal vein occlusion
tors
b. Degeneration of retinal photorecep
c. Macular edema
d. Retinal detachment

of keratoconus?
19. Which refractive error is characteristic
a. Regular astigmatism
b. Hypermetropia
c. Irregular astigmatism
d. Emmetropia

wing EXCEPT:
20. Mydriasis is present in all the follo
a. Third nerve lesion
b. Pontine hemorrhage
c. Blunt trauma
d. Acute angle closure glaucoma
duct obstruction?
tment in congenital nasolacrimal
21. What is the first line of trea
a. Probing.
b. Intubation.
c. Dacryocystorhinostomy.
d. Massage.
lacrimation, and
to you with big, hazy comeas,
22. A newly born presented t?
step in his managemen
photophobia. What s the first na
hysiological study of the reti
@ Electrop
duct
b. Syringing of nasolacrimal
stai ning of the cornea
¢. Fluorescein
sure
d. Measuring his intraocular pres

page4of 12
 diseases EX CEPT:
23. Panuveitis is a common presentation in the (0“""""5
a. Behcet's disease.
b. Rheumatoid arthritis.
c. Vogt Koyanagi Harada syndrome.
d. Sarcoidosis.

24. Myasthenia Gravis is a disease characterized by:

a. Autoantibodies against the acetylcholine recel ptors
b. Constant ptosis and intermittent diplopia
c. Improved ptosis with hot packs applied to the lids
d. Amsilon test is diagnostic

Choose the correct statement:

25. Concerning the effect of pregnancy on the eye.
a. The IOP measurements are always high during pregnancy
b. There is an increased sensitivity of the cornea
c. Accommodation may be weak during pregnancy
d. There is an improvement of retinopathy in women with diabetic retinopathy

26. Iris neovascularization may be seen in the following conditions, EXCEPT:

a. Carotid occlusive diseases
b. Central retinal vein occlusion
c. Proliferative diabetic retinopathy
d. Central retinal artery occlusion

27. In the presence of hyphema due to blunt trauma, the MOST important treatment is:
a. Antibiotics
b. Anti-glaucoma medications
c. Anti-viral drugs
d. Lubricant eye drops

28. Topical steroids are contraindicated in @ case of viral corneal ulcer for fear of:
a. Secondary uveitis
b. Cortical cataract
¢. Corneal perforation
d. Corneal opacity

ucoma treatment is contraingicateq N

29. Which of the following anti-gla
a. Carhonic anhydrase inhibitors
b. Cholinergic agonists ] \
) .
c. Beta adrenergic antagonists
d. Alpha adrenergic agonists

Page 5 of 12
 surgery?
corneal refractive
30. Which LASER is used for
a. Diode laser.
b. Carbon dioxide laser.
¢. Excimer laser.
d. ND YAG laser

matching questions:
Section B: Extended
[Link]: Acute red eye
Regarding causes, SIENS: and symptoms as W?“ as management of acute red eye, choose the
and write it in the bubble sheet.
correct answer from the options below
twice, or not at all)
ion may be used once,
Answer options (each opt
a. Acute conjunctivitis
b. Bacterial keratitis
¢. Fluorescein dye test
d. Patching of the eye
e. Acanthamoeba keratitis
£, Miotic pupil
g. Keratic precipitates
h. Endophthalmitis

Question stems: surgery.

tion that may occur after cataract
31. A rare but vision-threatenin| g intraocular infec
c b ranching pattern.
32. A diagnostic aid that can highlight a dendriti hygiene
sers who do not follow good
33, This condition is common among contact lens u:
procedures and lens care al hyperemia.
mucopurulent discharge, and conjunctiv
34. Often presents with eyelid edema,
35. 15 a sign of anterior uveitis visible on slit-lamp exam-
iI. Theme: Retinal disorders
al disorders, choose the
toms as well as management of retin
Regarding causes, signs, and symp
correct answer from the options below and write it in the bubble sheet.
used once, twice, OF not at al
11}
Answer options: (each option may be
a. Optical coherence tomography (OCT)
b. Intravitreal anti-VEGF injection
¢. Branch retinal vein occlusion (BRVO)
d. Rhegmatogenous retinal detachment
e. Fundus fluorescein angiography (FFA}
f. Diabetic macular edema i
g. Pan retinal photoc oagula tion
h. Retinitis pigmentosa
Page 6 of 12
 fi¢iel
: pheral d 105
ri
i dness and periP’
" Jar glaucom? Joaters
Question stems:
eri ted condition presenungwf}"
36. A pr og re ss iv e inh
WIT " yden vision s an
of P! R as well as CRVO i i hemicareasv
37. Is used to treat cases at ma ‘/‘ o g ‘
retinoj at h th ss in
38. A complication of diabetic us ef ul for asse
d is
circul :jafio‘r: an
30. A test that visualizes retinal and may require
al break
40, Involves a full-thickness retin
related state
3 cases and state whether the
Section C: Read the following
bubble sheet (Two marks each)

CASEL
a"d_ 2 dzrt‘:};aii‘aflract
sudd en onset of floaters, flashes of light, ble
pain. He is mY:aPi': :enen ith a visi
A 55-year- old man pres ents with
din g over the Vi sual field in his left eye. He denies any reti
, elevate d, and mobile
des cen
examination, a grey
surgery last year. On fundus
retinal tear superiorly. e
untreate d. > Tru
t can lead to per ma ne nt vision loss If
[Link] detachmen
factor for retinal detach
ment. > True
[Link] is @ known risk
the first to be lost. > False
[Link] vision is usually
achment. = True
ses the risk of retinal det
[Link] surgery increa
y painful. -> False
[Link] condition is typicall

CASE2
Her
and tearing in the right eye.
with redness, eye pain, photophobia,
A 30-year-old woman presents linear lesion on the cornea. The
Fluores! cein staining reveals a branching
vision is mildly reduced.
of similar episodes.
patient also gives history
simplex virus.
c: ally caused by herpes
[Link] ulcers are typi
.
en increased in these patients
[Link] sensation is oft
mainstay of treatment.
48 Antiviral therapy is the
first-line treatment.
49. Topical steroids are
teral.
[Link] condition is always bila

Page 7 of 12
 CASE3
eye in recent
his parents after they noticed something unusual in his
A2-year-old child is brought in by
pictu res, one eye appears to
reflect white instead of the normal
say that in some
photographs. They
s playful 1 and active. No hist
ory of trauma is reported. The
red reflex. The child, otherwise, seem
ology for further evaluation.
pediatrician refers him to ophthalm
llary reflex.
1, Leukocoria refers to a white pupi
causes of leukocoria.
Retinoblastoma is one of the possible
ing in children.
Leukocoria is always a benign find
S

g leukocoria.
A red reflex test is useful for detectin

Cataract cannot cause leukocoria.

LU

Page8of12
 P
T dicine
; ulty of Me
Fac
Cai ro Uni ver sit y
i ts, Academic Year 20
third-year medical studen
End of Year Exam for the am-1 pm)
2025 2July2025 OPH-315 (10:00

total 32 marks) 1 hour:

Part I
8 Short essay questions (4 marks each,
Answers should be in the booklet
a diagram. (4 marks]
t is the sym pat het ic sup ply to the pupil? Please use
1— Wha

proptosis and how to investigate a case of proptosis. (4 marks]

2- Enumerate the causes of

Page 9 of 12
Page 10 of 12
 or
i factfor
5l5)Enumer: ate the risk sry (Mflwwnfiifl"arksl
prima

man: ’g‘ement for eye injury? (4 marks)

6) Whatis the immediate primary care

Page 11 of 12
 e UVveitis?
(4 marks|
7). How to investigate a case of acut

membrane? (4 marks)
8) What are the causes of choroidal neovascular

J
e THEEND -

Page 12 0f 12