L.S.
RAHEJA SCHOOL OF ARCHITECTURE
Raheja Education Complex, Kher Nagar, Bandra (E), Mumbai-51
BARC 901 & 902- Architectural Design and Urban Design
Project Title - Reimagining Urban Mobility Systems through the lens of Safety and Surveillance
Class Mentor: Ar. Arun Fizardo
Class In-charges – Ar. Swanand Mahashabde, Ar. Mildred Jose
Architectural Design Subject Faculty - Ar. Mandar P, Ar. Geevith, Ar. Tassaduq, Ar Arun Fizardo, Ar. Swanand
Mahashabde, Ar. Mildred Jose,
Allied Design Subject Faculty: Ar. Mildred Jose, Ar. Charvi Kamat, Ar. Ninad Sansare, Ar. Divya Menon, Ar.
Anisha Joshi
Project Duration – 16 Week
Premise:
Amongst most urban service sectors, urban transport in India is a very important service that provides for
mobility of people for the sake of employment, education, shopping, health, entertainment opportunities etc.
However, as cities grow and evolve from monocentric to polycentric models, the role of urban transport has
shifted from being merely a facilitator of movement to a powerful determinant of urban form, economic
potential, and quality of life.
“Mobility flows have become a key dynamic in the rapid urbanization process of Indian cities with urban
transport infrastructure constituting the skeleton of the urban form”
Moreover, inefficiencies such as increasing trip lengths, overdependence on personalized modes of transport,
underutilized infrastructure, lack of integration between transport and land use etc. have culminated in a
mobility crisis characterized by congestion, environmental pollution, and unequal access to
services—threatening the long-term sustainability of individuals in the urban habitat calling for rethinking the
design, governance, and planning of urban mobility systems in the Indian context.
Introduction:
Urban transport in cities is more than just infrastructure—it is a connection that binds together the social,
economic, and spatial fabric of a city. In India, where urban areas are expanding rapidly and unevenly, the
transport system has become a critical lever in determining how cities grow, who they serve, and how livable
they become. With rising private vehicle ownership, fragmented planning, and inadequate investment in
sustainable modes, the existing urban mobility framework struggles to keep pace with growing demands. The
intensifying pressures of urbanization in India marked by expanding city limits, increasing population densities,
and rising aspirations have exposed critical weaknesses in existing urban transport systems. Congested roads,
long commutes, inadequate public transit, and deteriorating air quality are not just logistical issues; they are
symptoms of a systemic disconnect between land use planning and transport development. The consequences
of poorly planned transport systems extend far beyond traffic jams - as mobility also becomes a determining
factor in access to jobs, education, healthcare, and social opportunities. They directly affect economic
productivity, social inclusion, and thereby the quality of urban life. More importantly, the unchecked dominance
of private vehicles has deepened issues such as carbon emissions and space inefficiencies—further
exacerbating urban sprawl and marginalizing non-motorized and public modes of transport. The result is an
L.S. RAHEJA SCHOOL OF ARCHITECTURE
Raheja Education Complex, Kher Nagar, Bandra (E), Mumbai-51
BARC 901 & 902- Architectural Design and Urban Design
Project Title - Reimagining Urban Mobility Systems through the lens of Safety and Surveillance
Class Mentor: Ar. Arun Fizardo
Class In-charges – Ar. Swanand Mahashabde, Ar. Mildred Jose
Architectural Design Subject Faculty - Ar. Mandar P, Ar. Geevith, Ar. Tassaduq, Ar Arun Fizardo, Ar. Swanand
Mahashabde, Ar. Mildred Jose,
Allied Design Subject Faculty: Ar. Mildred Jose, Ar. Charvi Kamat, Ar. Ninad Sansare, Ar. Divya Menon, Ar.
Anisha Joshi
Project Duration – 16 Week
urban environment that is increasingly inequitable, inefficient, and environmentally unsustainable.
Yet within this crisis lies a transformative opportunity. With India investing heavily in mobility innovation and
infrastructure, there is a growing momentum to rethink urban transport; not just as a technical problem, but as a
human-centric challenge that demands holistic, inclusive, and forward-looking solutions.
Initiatives
A number of initiatives have been undertaken at various levels by the Government and some are under
implementation to develop a sustainable and integrated urban transport system. National Urban Transport
Policy NUTP, 2005 and Jawaharlal Nehru National Urban Renewal Mission (JnNURM) 2005 (JnNURM was
discontinued in 2014) marked a significant impact on shaping urban mobility at various spatial planning levels
as mentioned below,
National level
● Focus on mobility of people than vehicles
● Reduction of travel demand through integration of land use and transport
● Investment in public transport and non motorized modes
● Introduction of ITS - Intelligent Transport Systems
● Strategies for efficient use of parking space and freight traffic movement
● Equitable allocation of road space
● Awareness campaigns for citizens
State level
● Creation of a Unified Metropolitan Transport Authority (UMTA) in million plus cities to coordinate urban
transport
● Setting up of a Dedicated Urban Transport Fund at the state level
● To integrate land use and transport by densification along with the MRTS corridors and areas around
the stations.
● Setting up a Special Purpose Vehicle (SPV) to manage bus services
● Setting up a regulatory mechanism to periodically revise fares for all public and intermediate public
transport systems.
L.S. RAHEJA SCHOOL OF ARCHITECTURE
Raheja Education Complex, Kher Nagar, Bandra (E), Mumbai-51
BARC 901 & 902- Architectural Design and Urban Design
Project Title - Reimagining Urban Mobility Systems through the lens of Safety and Surveillance
Class Mentor: Ar. Arun Fizardo
Class In-charges – Ar. Swanand Mahashabde, Ar. Mildred Jose
Architectural Design Subject Faculty - Ar. Mandar P, Ar. Geevith, Ar. Tassaduq, Ar Arun Fizardo, Ar. Swanand
Mahashabde, Ar. Mildred Jose,
Allied Design Subject Faculty: Ar. Mildred Jose, Ar. Charvi Kamat, Ar. Ninad Sansare, Ar. Divya Menon, Ar.
Anisha Joshi
Project Duration – 16 Week
City Level
● Setting up of a Dedicated Urban Transport Fund at the city level
● Multi modal integration including integration with suburban railways
● Setting up of a Traffic Information Management Control Centre for effective monitoring and
enforcement of traffic
● Parking policies imposing parking fees on true land values, banning parking on arterial roads, multi-
level parking facilities in City centers, park and ride facilities etc
In response to growing urban mobility challenges, Indian cities have additionally undertaken a range of
initiatives, including Comprehensive Mobility Strategies; BRTS-Bus Rapid Transit Systems in 14 cities, MRTS -
Mass rapid transit systems in 8 cities. Additionally, the formation of Unified Metropolitan Transport Authorities
(UMTAs) has enabled better coordination and funding of modern, intelligent transport systems, including
automated multi-storey parking solutions under Public-Private Partnerships (PPP). However, to truly transform
urban mobility, it is essential to integrate land use with transport infrastructure, ensuring cities are livable,
healthy, and smart. This aligns with the concept of ‘Sustainable New Urbanism’ proposed by Peter Calthorpe in
The Next American Metropolis, which advocates for Transit-Oriented Development (TOD)—a planning
approach that encourages high-density, mixed-use development around public transit nodes. In lieu of the
above idea, the Government of India launched the National TOD Policy in 2017 to promote inclusive,
walkable urban growth centers that maximize accessibility and efficiency while minimizing environmental
impact.
Within this framework, railway stations emerge as crucial assets. They serve as massive public infrastructures
through which people, products, materials, and energy flow every day. They also serve as convergence points
for multiple mobility modes—private, shared, and public—acting as vital one-stop hubs for urban [Link],
they are one of the most preferred energy efficient and economic modes of transport in the country. Given the
scale and reach of Indian Railways, one of the largest rail networks globally, railway stations have immense
potential to drive sustainable urban transformation by enabling intermodal connectivity, supporting active
mobility, and delivering localized services. Considering the current scenario, railway stations could be seen as
a possible potential player in the development of TOD ideas, as they could play a role here of mediation
between the needs of public transport operators, the private mobility service providers that occupy the urban
space, and the local communities that need to use the public space. The Government of India is in the process
of chalking out new ventures under the “National Rail Plan” policy to integrate the rail network with order
L.S. RAHEJA SCHOOL OF ARCHITECTURE
Raheja Education Complex, Kher Nagar, Bandra (E), Mumbai-51
BARC 901 & 902- Architectural Design and Urban Design
Project Title - Reimagining Urban Mobility Systems through the lens of Safety and Surveillance
Class Mentor: Ar. Arun Fizardo
Class In-charges – Ar. Swanand Mahashabde, Ar. Mildred Jose
Architectural Design Subject Faculty - Ar. Mandar P, Ar. Geevith, Ar. Tassaduq, Ar Arun Fizardo, Ar. Swanand
Mahashabde, Ar. Mildred Jose,
Allied Design Subject Faculty: Ar. Mildred Jose, Ar. Charvi Kamat, Ar. Ninad Sansare, Ar. Divya Menon, Ar.
Anisha Joshi
Project Duration – 16 Week
transport systems and develop a cohesive, multi-modal urban mobility landscape.
The recent introduction of the Amrit Bharat Station Scheme (ABSS) in February 2024 aims to enhance,
upgrade and modernize a total of 1275 stations across the Indian Railway system. It involves creation of
Master Plans and executing them in phases to enhance various station facilities namely station accessibility,
waiting areas, toilet facilities,provisions for Universal Access- lifts/escalators, cleanliness, offering of free Wi-fi,
setting of kiosks for local products (One Station One Product), enhancing passenger information systems,
establishing Executive Lounges, spaces for business meetings, landscaping amongst others. Further, it also
emphasizes on upgrading station structures with roof plazas, integrating stations with surrounding city areas on
both sides, promoting multi modal connectivity, implementing sustainable and eco-friendly solutions
transforming them into vibrant city centers over the long term.
STUDIO ASSIGNMENT SEMESTER 09
The Semester 09 Allied Design assignment proposed is supposed to be in tandem with the Semester 09
Architectural Design project with the focus on “Safety and Surveillance”
In the quest of efficient, sustainable and inclusive mobility systems, the dual roles of safety and surveillance
have emerged as critical yet contested mechanisms for managing mobility, shaping public behavior, and
enabling governance.
In rapidly urbanizing contexts, where cities face mounting pressures from population growth, infrastructural
deficits, and environmental degradation, mobility must go beyond mere transportation to ensure access and
opportunity for all. Safety, long recognized as a cornerstone of urban transport planning, has gained renewed
urgency in light of rising road/rail fatalities, gender-based violence in public spaces, and vulnerability of
non-motorized transport users. At the same time, the thoughtful application of surveillance technologies
ranging from intelligent traffic systems to real-time monitoring can support data informed planning, proactive
governance and rapid response mechanisms. When implemented with transparency, accountability, and
sensitivity to privacy and equity, these tools can significantly enhance the effectiveness and inclusiveness of
mobility systems. With these alignments, cities have the opportunity to create urban mobility environments that
are not only secure and efficient but also just and empowering for all segments of society. This semester study
embraces this integrated approach, recognizing safety and surveillance as key enablers of sustainable,
L.S. RAHEJA SCHOOL OF ARCHITECTURE
Raheja Education Complex, Kher Nagar, Bandra (E), Mumbai-51
BARC 901 & 902- Architectural Design and Urban Design
Project Title - Reimagining Urban Mobility Systems through the lens of Safety and Surveillance
Class Mentor: Ar. Arun Fizardo
Class In-charges – Ar. Swanand Mahashabde, Ar. Mildred Jose
Architectural Design Subject Faculty - Ar. Mandar P, Ar. Geevith, Ar. Tassaduq, Ar Arun Fizardo, Ar. Swanand
Mahashabde, Ar. Mildred Jose,
Allied Design Subject Faculty: Ar. Mildred Jose, Ar. Charvi Kamat, Ar. Ninad Sansare, Ar. Divya Menon, Ar.
Anisha Joshi
Project Duration – 16 Week
equitable, and resilient mobility futures.
STAGE 01: Students are assigned the task of analyzing a few of the stations proposed in the Amrit Bharat
Station Scheme
STAGE 02: Students are to explore and envision new ideas and concepts of redesigning railway stations as per
the ABSS scheme, come up with possible and potential design solutions, understanding feasibility of the
proposed designs
Aim:
To develop a critical understanding of the role of safety and surveillance in shaping sustainable, equitable, and
secure urban mobility systems in India, with a focus on policy, technology, and inclusive design interventions.
Studio Objectives:
● To critically examine the inefficiencies and mobility challenges in urban transport landscapes
● To explore the complex interplay between mobility, safety and surveillance in urban setups
● To examine how data-driven urban design frameworks could enhance security and ensure equitable
access to transport systems
● To explore innovative, integrated, and sustainable approaches to planning and design, while sensitizing
to the needs of the ever growing densities in urban areas.
Methodology and Framework for Assessment:
URBAN DESIGN FRAMEWORK
Parameter Brief Description Weightage
Data Collection and
Mapping Levels of Mobility Systems, Mobility flows and modes, 30%
Demographic diversity of users (Stakeholder profiles) and their
needs, Intermodal connections and Complexities, existing
mobility infrastructure,IoT integration
Critical Analysis
Critical assessment of mobility infrastructure 20%
L.S. RAHEJA SCHOOL OF ARCHITECTURE
Raheja Education Complex, Kher Nagar, Bandra (E), Mumbai-51
BARC 901 & 902- Architectural Design and Urban Design
Project Title - Reimagining Urban Mobility Systems through the lens of Safety and Surveillance
Class Mentor: Ar. Arun Fizardo
Class In-charges – Ar. Swanand Mahashabde, Ar. Mildred Jose
Architectural Design Subject Faculty - Ar. Mandar P, Ar. Geevith, Ar. Tassaduq, Ar Arun Fizardo, Ar. Swanand
Mahashabde, Ar. Mildred Jose,
Allied Design Subject Faculty: Ar. Mildred Jose, Ar. Charvi Kamat, Ar. Ninad Sansare, Ar. Divya Menon, Ar.
Anisha Joshi
Project Duration – 16 Week
Surveillance technologies, Safety Audits, Crime- Hotspots and
Vulnerable Users
Studying Safety Policies, Initiatives and City-wide safety and
surveillance frameworks
Design
Macro Master Plan
Incorporating safety audits and surveillance data into
large-scale transit and land use plans, CPTED (Crime 20%
Prevention Through Environmental Design), Community-led
monitoring ideas
Meso
Zoning and Land Use Coordination: Ensuring active
frontages, mixed-use zones, and walkable environments to
promote natural surveillance.
Micro:
Design detailing for User experience and immediate safety
features.
30%
Street Design: Well-lit paths, clear signages, raised crossings,
visibility at corners, reserved cycling lanes.
Smart Infrastructure: Installation of panic buttons, sensor
lighting, AI-enabled cameras, and emergency communication
kiosks.
Inclusive Design Elements: Barrier-free access ,
gender-neutral facilities, and seating for vulnerable users.
Behavioral Nudges: Visual cues, murals, or street furniture
that encourage collective vigilance
ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN FRAMEWORK : Stage wise submission schedule Architectural Design to
be based on the Council of Architecture’s Scope of Work and Schedule of Services for
Comprehensive Architectural Services.
L.S. RAHEJA SCHOOL OF ARCHITECTURE
Raheja Education Complex, Kher Nagar, Bandra (E), Mumbai-51
BARC 901 & 902- Architectural Design and Urban Design
Project Title - Reimagining Urban Mobility Systems through the lens of Safety and Surveillance
Class Mentor: Ar. Arun Fizardo
Class In-charges – Ar. Swanand Mahashabde, Ar. Mildred Jose
Architectural Design Subject Faculty - Ar. Mandar P, Ar. Geevith, Ar. Tassaduq, Ar Arun Fizardo, Ar. Swanand
Mahashabde, Ar. Mildred Jose,
Allied Design Subject Faculty: Ar. Mildred Jose, Ar. Charvi Kamat, Ar. Ninad Sansare, Ar. Divya Menon, Ar.
Anisha Joshi
Project Duration – 16 Week
Parameter Brief Description Weightage
Data Collection and
Mapping To be handled exclusively by the UD Team - Simultaneously with Architectural
Design Studios
Critical Analysis
Design STAGE 1: CONCEPT + BROADER NARRATIVE 20%
Macro
Deliverables:
Design Brief Analysis
Imageability and Concept (Massing/Circulation/Zoning/ Cost
Estimate); Study models - Digital, Impact Analysis of proposed
concept on urban fabric,
Site Analysis Report: Contextual mapping, Zoning and land use
implications, Photographic documentation, Accessibility and
connectivity, Climate studies and Environmental Impact, SWOT
analysis
Meso STAGE 2: DESIGN DEVELOPMENT
Deliverables: 30%
Revised Concept Drawings
Schematic Plans, Sections, Elevations (to scale) explaining
functional zoning and spatial layouts
Draft Study Models (Physical)
Preliminary Structural Concept
Indicative Landscape Strategy
Updated Area Program & Cost Estimate
Micro: STAGE 3: STATUTORY DRAWINGS SUBMISSION SET
Deliverables: 50%
Site Plan, Layout, Floor Plans, Sections, Elevations in
Compliance with building norms and guidelines - FSI
Calculations, Fire Norms etc.
L.S. RAHEJA SCHOOL OF ARCHITECTURE
Raheja Education Complex, Kher Nagar, Bandra (E), Mumbai-51
BARC 901 & 902- Architectural Design and Urban Design
Project Title - Reimagining Urban Mobility Systems through the lens of Safety and Surveillance
Class Mentor: Ar. Arun Fizardo
Class In-charges – Ar. Swanand Mahashabde, Ar. Mildred Jose
Architectural Design Subject Faculty - Ar. Mandar P, Ar. Geevith, Ar. Tassaduq, Ar Arun Fizardo, Ar. Swanand
Mahashabde, Ar. Mildred Jose,
Allied Design Subject Faculty: Ar. Mildred Jose, Ar. Charvi Kamat, Ar. Ninad Sansare, Ar. Divya Menon, Ar.
Anisha Joshi
Project Duration – 16 Week
Brief Requirements:
1. Circulation Area
2. Waiting Halls
3. Retiring Room
4. Station Master Room
5. Staff Restrooms and changing areas
6. Enquiry cum Reservation office
a. General
b. Counter
7. Time table, Digital train information boards
8. Parcel/ Luggage Office
a. General
b. Counter
9. Platforms
a. Open
b. Covered
10. Passage ways
a. Corridors
b. FOB
c. Stairs
d. Barrier Free paths- Escalators, Elevators,
Tactile Paths, Ramps etc.
11. Outdoor Parking
12. Restaurant Area/ Food Court
a. Kitchen
b. Stores
c. Dining Hall
13. Other Services- Shops, kiosks, ATMs, Bookstores/
Pharmacy etc
14. Cloak Room
L.S. RAHEJA SCHOOL OF ARCHITECTURE
Raheja Education Complex, Kher Nagar, Bandra (E), Mumbai-51
BARC 901 & 902- Architectural Design and Urban Design
Project Title - Reimagining Urban Mobility Systems through the lens of Safety and Surveillance
Class Mentor: Ar. Arun Fizardo
Class In-charges – Ar. Swanand Mahashabde, Ar. Mildred Jose
Architectural Design Subject Faculty - Ar. Mandar P, Ar. Geevith, Ar. Tassaduq, Ar Arun Fizardo, Ar. Swanand
Mahashabde, Ar. Mildred Jose,
Allied Design Subject Faculty: Ar. Mildred Jose, Ar. Charvi Kamat, Ar. Ninad Sansare, Ar. Divya Menon, Ar.
Anisha Joshi
Project Duration – 16 Week
a. General
b. Counter
15. Public Utility Services (Toilet/ Bathroom)
16. Safety and Security Measures:
CCTV surveillance system, Fire detection and
suppression systems, Emergency exits and
signage,Metal detectors and baggage
scanners,Security personnel facilities
STAGE 4: COMPLETION
Deliverables:
Complete Drawings Set (selected areas)
STAGE 5: FINAL PROPOSAL
Deliverables
Cohesive Project Summary Report (Design Intent, Challenges,
Learnings)
Project Outcomes: ( Architectural Design and Allied Design)
By the end of the project, The student should have fulfilled the following criterias:
● Should have the ability to conduct a comprehensive contextual analysis identifying challenges and
opportunities within urban mobility systems.
● Should have a capacity to interpret socio-economic, cultural, and political factors that shape user
vulnerability and influence the design of safe and surveilled mobility environments.
● Should critically analyze mobility-related safety issues in cities, identifying gaps in surveillance
coverage
● Should gain a holistic knowledge of policies, smart surveillance systems, gender-sensitive planning,
and urban governance and their relation in creating integrated safe mobility networks.
● Have the ability to propose integrated urban mobility designs that balance safety, surveillance,
accessibility, and user experience while maintaining ethical standards.
● Should gain understanding of urban design interventions at multiple scales and how safety and
surveillance strategies adapt to varying urban contexts.
L.S. RAHEJA SCHOOL OF ARCHITECTURE
Raheja Education Complex, Kher Nagar, Bandra (E), Mumbai-51
BARC 901 & 902- Architectural Design and Urban Design
Project Title - Reimagining Urban Mobility Systems through the lens of Safety and Surveillance
Class Mentor: Ar. Arun Fizardo
Class In-charges – Ar. Swanand Mahashabde, Ar. Mildred Jose
Architectural Design Subject Faculty - Ar. Mandar P, Ar. Geevith, Ar. Tassaduq, Ar Arun Fizardo, Ar. Swanand
Mahashabde, Ar. Mildred Jose,
Allied Design Subject Faculty: Ar. Mildred Jose, Ar. Charvi Kamat, Ar. Ninad Sansare, Ar. Divya Menon, Ar.
Anisha Joshi
Project Duration – 16 Week
Final Portfolio Requirements
Each student will submit a compiled digital and printed portfolio with all 4 stages, annotated drawings, process
documentation and reflections.
Conclusion:
The final portfolio should not merely be a technical challenge; it needs to be a foundational requirement to
build equitable, inclusive and sustainable urban life with integration of responsive infrastructure,
intelligent surveillance, and community-oriented design. By prioritizing user trust and ethical surveillance
practices, the proposed design should aim to create safer public spaces that encourage movement without
fear.
