Section A (1 marks)
Choose the correct answer:
1. An object is placed 10 cm in front of a concave mirror of
focal length 15 cm. The nature of image formed is:
(A) Virtual, erect and enlarged
(B) Real, inverted and enlarged
(C) Real, inverted and same size
(D) Real, inverted and diminished
2. Which of the following correctly explains the cause of
dispersion of light through a prism?
(A) Different angles of incidence
(B) Different densities of prism faces
(C) Different speeds of different colours in glass
(D) Wavelength-dependent refraction in air
3. The eye defect caused by gradual weakening of ciliary
muscles due to aging is:
(A) Myopia (B) Astigmatism (C) Presbyopia (D)
Hypermetropia
4. The relationship between refractive index (n), speed of
light in vacuum (c), and speed in medium (v) is:
(A) n = v/c (B) n = c/v (C) v = c × n (D) n = 1/cv
5. Which lens combination will be required to correct a
person suffering from both myopia and hypermetropia?
(A) Plano-concave only
(B) Convex only
(C) Bifocal lens (concave upper, convex lower)
(D) Cylindrical lens
6. Which of the following phenomena is not a result of
atmospheric refraction?
(A) Twinkling of stars
(B) Advanced sunrise
(C) Delayed sunset
(D) Rainbow formation
Section B (2 marks)
1. A lens forms a real and inverted image of an object at a
distance of 30 cm from it. If the image is of the same size as
the object, find the type of lens and object distance.
2. Why does the sun appear oval (flattened) during sunset?
Explain with reference to atmospheric refraction.
3. What is accommodation of the eye? What happens to the
eye lens when you shift your vision from a distant object to
a nearby one?
4. Why is the red colour used in danger signals, not blue or
green? Give two scientific reasons.
5. A person can see distant objects clearly but not nearby
objects.
(a) Name the defect.
(b) Suggest the type of lens used to correct it.
(c) Draw a labelled ray diagram for the correction.
6. A convex lens has a focal length of 25 cm. At what distance
from the lens should an object be placed so that it forms
an image at infinity? Justify your answer.
Section C (3 marks)
1. Derive the mirror formula using ray diagrams and sign
conventions. Also define the terms involved.
2. A concave lens has a focal length of 15 cm. An object is
placed 30 cm from it.
(a) Calculate the image distance and magnification.
(b) State the nature and position of the image.
3. Explain why the sky appears blue but the sun appears
reddish at sunrise and sunset, using the concept of
scattering of light. Include diagrams for both.
4. Study the data given below showing the focal length of
three concave mirrors A, B and C and the respective
distances of objects placed in front of the mirrors:
Case Mirror Focal Length (cm) Object Distance (cm)
1 A 20 45
2 B 15 30
3 C 30 20
(i) In which one of the above cases the mirror will form a
diminished image of the object? Justify your answer.
(ii) List two properties of the image formed in case 2.
(iii) What is the nature and size of the image formed by
mirror C? Draw ray diagram to justify your answer.
Section D (4 marks)
1. Ramesh visits an eye specialist who diagnoses him with
difficulty seeing nearby objects. The doctor prescribes a
lens of +2 D.
a) Name the defect of vision Ramesh is suffering from.
b) What is the focal length of the prescribed lens in cm?
c) Draw a ray diagram to show how the defect is corrected.
d) What is the least distance of distinct vision for a normal
human eye?
2. Draw a neat labelled diagram of the human eye. Explain the
functions of its parts (any four). Also, explain what happens
in the case of hypermetropia and how it is corrected with
the help of a ray diagram.
3. Name and explain the phenomenon of light due to which
the path of a beam of light becomes visible when it enters a
smoke filled room through a small hole. Also state the
dependence of colour of the light we receive on the size of
the particle of the medium through which the beam of light
passes
4. A student places a glass prism on a table near a window
and allows a narrow beam of white light to fall on one face.
On a white screen placed on the other side, a band of
seven colours is seen.
a) Name the phenomenon observed.
b) Which colour deviates the most and why?
c) Why does white light split inside the prism and not in a
glass slab?
d) Draw a ray diagram showing dispersion through a prism.
5. Draw ray diagrams and explain the image formation by a
convex lens when the object is placed at different
positions: (a) At infinity, (b) Beyond 2F, (c) At 2F, (d) Between
F and 2F, and (e) Between F and O. Also state the nature of
the images in each case.
