ALLEN JEE-Physics 1

ENTHUSIAST COURSE
ADDITIONAL QUESTIONS
ON
NUCLEAR PHYSICS
1. A light beam falls on top surface of a plank of negligible mass at an angle q with vertical as
shown in figure. Reflection coefficient for upper surface is 0.5. What can be minimum value of
coefficient of friction between plank and ground among the following so that plank does not
move. (q = 60°, l = 4000 Å)

wavelength l
q q = 60°

Rough

(A) 0.6 (B) 0.5 (C) 0.4 (D) 0.3

2. A radioactive sample contains two nuclides 'A' and 'B' having decay constants l and 2l
respectively. Initially 25% of total decay comes from A. How long (in hr) will it take before 75%
of total decay comes from A. [Take : l = ln3 hr–1]
(A) 2 (B) 1 (C) 4 (D) 2.5
3. A liquid dose containing radioactive substance x is scheduled to be prepared at 9 AM and
1 ml of it is given to a patient at 10 : 30 AM. If patient gets late and takes the dose at
11 : 15 AM, how much quantity of dose should be given to patient ? (Half life of x is 90 min.)
(A) 4 ml (B) 1.41 ml (C) 2 ml (D) 2.82 ml
4. A radioactive material has a mean life 1620 years and 520 years for a and b emissions respectively.
1
The material decays by simultaneous a and b emissions. What is the time in which of material
4
is intact?
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(A) 4675 years (B) 720 years (C) 545 years (D) 324 years
5. A certain radio nuclide starts getting produced at a constant rate = 104 s–1 by some mechanism at
a certain moment t = 0. At this moment, there are already 105 number of radio-nuclides present in
the sample. The mean life of the radionuclide is 20 seconds. At t = 40 sec, what will be dN/dt,
rounded to the nearest whole number? [Given that e2 = 7.4]
(A) – 375 /s (B) +676 /s (C) – 676 /s (D) + 762 /s
6. In a sample initially there are equal number of atoms of two radioactive isotopes A and B. 3 days
later the number of atoms of A is twice that of B. If half life of B is 1.5 days, half life of A is :-
(A) 1.5 days (B) 3 days (C) 9 days (D) 12 days
7. The probability that a radioactive nucleus will survive 10 times longer than its half life, is
5
æ 1ö
(A) 2–20 (B) 2–10 (C) çè ÷ø (D) data insufficient
2

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2 Additional Questions on Nuclear Physics ALLEN
8. The following masses are known

1
0 n 1.008665u
1
1 H 1.007825u
62
28 Ni 61.928349 u

62
The binding energy of 28 Ni , in MeV, is closest to :
(A) 545 (B) 600 (C) 650 (D) 710
9. If nuclide 1 is a mirror isobar of nuclide 2, then Z1 = N2 and N1 = Z2. Consider the mirror isobar of
19
9 F
. Compared to 19
9 F
, it's mirror isobar is expected to have.
(A) Larger binding energy (B) Smaller binding energy
(C) Same binding energy (D) Cannot be predicted
10. Consider a b decay reaction
3
1 H ¾¾® 32 He + e–1 + n

Atomic mass of 13 H & 32 He are 3.016050u & 3.016030u. Find the maximum possible energy of
electron :-
(A) 0.729 MeV (B) 0.293 MeV (C) 0.0186 MeV (D) 0.0439 MeV
11. Consider two arbitrary decay equations and mark the correct alternative (s) given below :
(i) 230
92
229
U ® n +92 U (ii) 230
92 U ® p +229
91 Pa

Given : M ( 230
92 U ) = 230.033927 u,

M ( 229
92 )
U = 229.03349 u, mn = 1.008665 u,

M ( 229
91 )
Pa = 229.032089, mp = 1.007825, 1 amu = 931.5 MeV.

(A) Only decay (i) is possible (B) Only decay (ii) is possible
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(C) Both the decays are possible (D) Neither of the two decays is possible
12. Gold 198
79
Au undergoes b– decay to an excited state of 198
80 Hg . If the excited state decays by emission
of a g-photon with energy 0.412 MeV, the maximum kinetic energy of the electron emitted in the
decay is. The masses of the neutral atoms in their ground states ae 197.968225 u for 198
79 Au and

197.966752 u for 198

79 Hg .) :-
(A) 0.412 MeV (B) 1.371 MeV (C) 0.959 MeV (D) 1.473 MeV
13. A nucleus at rest disintegrates into two nuclear fragments with velocities in the ratio 8 : 27. The
ratio of their nuclear radii will be
(A) 3 : 2 (B) 9 : 4 (C) 27 : 8 (D) 8 : 27

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 ALLEN JEE-Physics 3
14. Lets F1 = net force between two protons inside a nucleus
F2= net force between a proton and a neutron inside a nucleus
It is also given that the spins of both the protons are parallel and that of the proton and neutron are
opposite then
(A) F1 > F2 (B) F1 < F2 (C) F1 = F2 (D) Data insufficient

15. A proton is bombarded on a stationary Lithium nucleus. As a result of collision two a-particles
are produced. The direction of motion of the a-particles with the initial direction of motion

-1 1
makes an angle cos . If B.E/Nucleon for Li7 and He4 are 5.60 MeV and 7.06 MeV respectively,
4

then :-
(A) Kinetic energy of striking proton is 17.28 MeV.
(B) Kinetic energy of striking proton is 8.64 MeV.
(C) Kinetic energy of striking proton is 4.32 MeV.
(D) Kinetic energy of striking proton is 2.16 MeV.
16. Consider the nuclear reaction
X200 ® A110 + B90
If the binding energy per nucleon for X, A and B is 7.4 MeV, 8.2 MeV and 8.2 MeV respectively,
what is the energy released ?
(A) 200 MeV (B) 160 MeV (C) 110 MeV (D) 90 MeV
17. Proton striking a stationary lithium target activate a reaction :
Li7 + p ® Be7 + n
At what value of proton's kinetic energy can the resulting neutron be stationary.

Given: m ( 11 H ) = 1.00783 amu, m(Be7) = 7.01693, m(Li7) = 7.01601, m(n) = 1.00867, 1 amu =

931MeV
(A) 0.2 MeV (B) 1.9 MeV (C) 3.8 MeV (D) 7 MeV
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18. In a large sample of radioactive nuclei we choose 4 active nuclei :-

3
(A) The probability that in 1 half life exactly two nuclei would have decayed is .
8

11
(B) The probability that in 1 half life 2 or more than 2 nuclei would have decayed is .
16

1
(C) The probability that in 1 half life no nuclei would have decayed is .
16

1
(D) The probability that in 1 half life exactly 1 nuclei would have decayed is
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4 Additional Questions on Nuclear Physics ALLEN
19. The following histogram represents the binding energy per particle (B.E./A) in MeV as a function
of the mass number A of a nucleus. Which of the following statements are correct?

B.E. 6
A
4

0 20 40 80 120 160 200

A

(A) If a nucleus of mass number 140 splits into two nuclei of equal mass, an energy of
560 MeV is released.
(B) If two nuclei of mass number 20 and 40 combine, an energy of 280 MeV is released
(C) If two nuclei of mass number 20 and 50 combine, an energy of 100 MeV is released
(D) If a nucleus of mass number 60 splits into two parts of mass number 20 and 40, an energy of
320 MeV is released.
20. A radioisotope of nuclear half life 10 days and activity 2 µCi is introduced into body at t = 0. It
is seen that the excretion of isotope from the body also follow the exponential law as the radioactive
decay but biological half life for excretion (all via urine) is 20 days. Urine collection were made
at regular intervals of time (every 8 hours).
(A) The nuclear activity of isotope in body just after 80 hrs is 1µCi.
(B) The nuclear activity of urine collected till 80 hrs at t = 80 hrs is (21/6 – 1) µCi.
(C) The nuclear activity of isotope in body just after 80 hrs is 21/6 µCi.
(D) The nuclear activity of urine collected till 80 hrs at t = 80 hrs is 21/3 µCi.
Paragraph for Question Nos. 21 to 23
In many nuclear probes a neutron or an electron projected from a large distance towards the fixed
target nucleus. The projectile need not be aimed directly towards the centre of the nucleus. Even
if it is of by a certain distance called impact parameter (b), the projectile may be captured by the
nucleus. Crudely, we can say that it is captured if it reaches the edge of the nucleus. node06\B0B0-BA\Kota\JEE(Advanced)\Enthuse\Physics\Additional Exercises\Capacitance_(Star)\Eng.p65

b R

b = impact parameter
For a neutron, impact parameter is equal to the radius of the nucleus, for proton which is repelled
by the nucleus, impact parameter is less than the radius. But for a proton, the kinetic energy of
Ze 2
incident proton should be greater than , or proton will not reach the nucleus. If neutron or
4pÎ0 R
proton are used as a projectile, nuclear reaction may be triggered off. For probing nuclear structure,
electron is preferred over proton or neutron.

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 ALLEN JEE-Physics 5

Ze 2
21. In a certain situation, we have protons of energy . Here R0 is the radius of nucleus, being
6pÎ0 R 0
used and Z0 is its atomic number. We decide to choose a different nucleus as a target. Which
target nuclei should be selected so that the proton with the same energy may be captured by the
nucleus?
(A) Nucleus with higher atomic number and lower mass number
(B) Nucleus with higher atomic number and same mass number
(C) Nucleus with same atomic number and low mass number
(D) Nucleus with same atomic number and higher mass number
22. The impact parameter for protons with kinetic energy K is

Ze 2 Ze 2 Ze 2 R Ze 2
(A) R 1 + (B) R 1 - (C) R 1 - (D) 1 -
4 pÎ0 RK 8pÎ0 RK 4 pÎ0 RK 2 4pÎ0 RK

23. Why is electron preferred over nucleons for probing nuclear structure ?
(A) Electron do not experience strong nuclear force
(B) Electron will have a higher energy than their initial energy on striking the nucleus
(C) Electron will radiate energy while coming does to the nucleus
(D) The impact parameter of electrons will be less than the radius of the nucleus
Paragraph for question nos. 24 to 26
64
29 Cu
can decay by b¯ or b+ emission, or electron capture. It is known that 64
29 Cu
has a half life of
12.8 hrs with 40% probability of b¯ decay, 20% probability of b decay and 40% probability of
+

electron capture. The mass of 64 29 Cu

is 63.92977 amu while 64 64
30 Zn is 63.92914 amu and 28 Ni is
63.92796 amu.
24. What is the half life for electron capture?
(A) 5.12 Hrs. (B) 32 Hrs. (C) 2.56 Hrs. (D) 16 Hrs.
25. What is the Q value of b¯ decay?
(A) 0.587 MeV (B) 0.077 MeV (C) 1.686 MeV (D) 0.666 MeV
26. 22 64
If initially there was 10 atoms of 29 Cu, what is the initial rate at which energy is being pro-
duced due to b+ decay?
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(A) 5.8 × 104 W (B) 3.2 × 103 W (C) 8.4 × 102 W (D) 1.6 × 104 W
Paragraph for Question No. 27 and 28
231
92 U decays to 231
91 Pa . The proposed mode is b+ decay or K shell capture. The masses are
M U = 231.03621 amu MPa = 231.03588 amu. mass of electron = 0.51 MeV/C2 1 amu = 931 MeV/C2.
Neglect the mass of neutrino emitted.
27. 231
U can decay by :-
(A) K shell capture & b+ decay both. (B) K shell capture but not b+ decay
(C) b+ decay but not K shell capture (D) Neither b+ decay nor K shell capture.
28. Assuming neutrino to be like a photon, what is the recoil velocity of 231Pa atom in K capture.
1 amu = 1.6 × 10–27 kg :-
(A) 443.3 m/s (B) 4.43 m/s (C) 44.3 m/s (D) 4433.3 m/s

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6 Additional Questions on Nuclear Physics ALLEN
29. A thin uniform radioactive coating of an a–emitter is applied on a metallic sphere of radius 'a'.
The sphere is connected to the ground by means of a thin wire of resistance 'R' as shown in figure.
Assume that, the sphere is uncharged at t = 0, the initial activity of a-emitter is A0 and the
disintegration constant of radioactive material is l = 3 sec–1. Also assume that all the a-particles
emitted go out of the sphere. Find the time (in sec) at which charge on the sphere is maximum.
1
[Use ln 2 = 0.69 and = 2Rl]
4pe0a

30. A shell of radius 1m is coated with a thin layer of b– active material. It's initial charge is zero and
4
initial number of active atoms is ´ 1012 . If half life of decay is 1 hr and all the electron are
3
emitted with an energy of 1.44 keV, find the time (in hr.) after which charge on the sphere
becomes constant. Neglect the time taken by electron to return back.
31. If the graph of Binding energy (B/A) per nucleon versus mass number (A) looks like as shown in
figure. Fission of nuclei with mass number 150 into two nuclei of equal number will release energy
K × 100 MeV. find the value of K
B/A(MeV)

A
50 100 150 200
24 24
32. In beta decay of 11 Na ® 12 Mg + -01b + g , mass 24Na = 23.990963 amu, 24Mg = 23.985042 amu,
me = 0.000549 amu, an electron is observed with KE of 2.15 MeV. What is the energy of accom-
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panying antineutrino (in MeV) ?

238 206
33. 92 U decays to 82 Pb by a series of alpha and beta decays. The series can be said to have a half
238
life of 5 ×109 years. Assume 3.14 gm of 92 U
238
m of 92 U = 238.050786 amu
206
m of 92 Pb = 205.974455 amu

m of 42 He = 4.002603 amu
m of -01 e = 0.000549 amu
1 amu = 931.5 MeV/C2
1 year = 3.14 × 107 sec.
What is the rate at which energy is being generated in sample (in 10–7W)
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 ALLEN JEE-Physics 7
34. Certain nuclei can capture protons when fired such that the protons ‘touch’ the surface of the
27 27
nucleus. Assume that 13 Al can undergo reaction 13 Al + 11 p ® 14
28
Si . For this, assume that strong
nuclear force does not act on the proton till it touches the nucleus. If R0 = 1.2 fm and proton were
to be fired at certain r so that it was captured, what can be the maximum value of r (in fm) if
initial KE of proton is 5.2 MeV? Assume target atom remains fixed.

proton
r

35. Column-I Column-II

(A) b-decay (P) Charged particles are emitted having continous
energy till certain maximum value.
(B) a-decay (Q) Charged particles are emitted having discrete
energies.
(C) Photoelectric emission from (R) Angular momentum of emitting body is changed in
a standard photoelectric process of emission
effect experiment apparatus.
(D) Photons of wavelength 90 nm (S) If external factors change, the process of emission
pass through a sample of may stop.
hydrogen gas in groundstate.
(T) Electronic configuration of the atom is changed
in process of emission.
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Additional Questions Answer key

1. Ans. (A) 2. Ans. (A) 3. Ans. (B) 4. Ans. (C) 5. Ans. (B)
6. Ans. (B) 7. Ans. (B) 8. Ans. (A) 9. Ans. (B) 10. Ans. (C)
11. Ans. (D) 12. Ans. (C) 13. Ans. (A) 14. Ans. (D) 15. Ans. (A)
16. Ans. (B) 17. Ans. (B) 18. Ans. (A,B,C,D) 19. Ans. (A,B) 20. Ans.(B,C)
21. Ans. (D) 22. Ans. (C) 23. Ans. (A) 24. Ans. (B) 25. Ans. (A)
26. Ans. (B) 27. Ans. (B) 28. Ans. (A) 29. Ans. 0.23 30. Ans. 2
31. Ans. 3 32. Ans. 3.36 to 3.37 33. Ans. 2.80 to 3.00
34. Ans. 2.4 35. Ans. (A) P,R,T (B) Q,T (C) P,S (D) Q,R,S,T