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ENGINEERING CONTINOUS ASSESMENT III
LITTORAL 2025
MATHEMATICS: (4H)
Exercise 1: Probability of sequences and Evaluation of your
creativity. (10mks)
In 2023, Ngali created an intelligence robot for enterprises that chat with people using the notion
of probability. If someone greats the bot, there is a greater probability that the bot will demand for
his name. If someone wishes the bot goodbye, he(the bot) will be sad, and will be silence for a
while. If the first thing someone says to the bot is a greetings sentence, then, there is a probability
of 1/5 for him to wish the robot goodbye in his next sentence. If the person says goodbye in his
first sentence, then there is a probability of 1/20 of him saying goodbye again in his next sentence.
Ngali used his voice as the data to train the bot. This robot uses human natural language as the
input data, processes it and responds to the person according to the probability it gets.
For any non-zero integer n, let’s have 𝑅𝑛 the event “someone wishes the robot goodbye in
sentence n”. Assuming that a person can either greet the bot or wish it goodbye,
Let’s have 𝑃𝑛 the probability of 𝑅𝑛 and 𝑞𝑛 the probability of 𝑅n it is assumed that P1 = 0
1. Determination of mathematical Induction relation.
a. Determine the conditional probabilities 𝑃𝑅𝑛 (𝑅𝑛+1 )𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑃𝑅𝑛 (𝑅𝑛+1 )
b. Determine 𝑃(𝑅𝑛 ∩ 𝑅𝑛+1 ) in terms of 𝑃𝑛 and 𝑃(𝑅𝑛+1 ∩ 𝑅𝑛 ) in terms of qn.
c. Express 𝑣𝑛 terms of 𝑃𝑛 and 𝑞𝑛
1 3
d. Deduce that 𝑃𝑛+1 = 5
+ 20
𝑃𝑛
4
2. Study of the sequence ( 𝑃𝑛 ), for any non-zero integer n, we pose 𝑣𝑛 = 𝑃𝑛 − 23
3
e. Show that (𝑣𝑛 ) is a geometric sequence of common ratio − 20
f. Express 𝑣𝑛 , then 𝑃𝑛 in ternis of n.
g. Justify that the sequence ( 𝑃𝑛 ) is converging and calculate its limits
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National Centre for Career Orientation and preparations into the Best
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Exercise 2: Barycenter and affine transformation (10 marks)
This problem comprises two compulsory parts A and B
Part A: 4, 25 marks
𝐴𝐵𝐶 Is and isosceles triangle with base 𝐵𝐶 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝐴𝐶𝐷 is a right angled
isosceles triangle with right angled at 𝐶 such that: 𝐴𝐵 = 𝐴𝐶 =
⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ ) = 𝜋 ; 𝑎𝑛𝑔𝑙𝑒 (𝐶𝐷
⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ , 𝐴𝐶
𝐶𝐷; 𝑎𝑛𝑔𝑙𝑒 (𝐴𝐵 ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ ) = 𝜋. Let 𝔯𝐴 be the rotation with
⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ , 𝐶𝐴
4 2
𝜋
center 𝐴 that transforms 𝐵 to 𝐶, 𝔯𝐶 = 𝔯 (𝐶, − ). Let 𝑓 = 𝔯𝐶 𝑜𝔯𝐴
2
1) Construct the figure that will be completed accordingly 0,
25 Mark
2) a) Determine the image of A and B after the transformation 𝑓 0, 5
Mark
b) Determine the nature of 𝑓 and give its center Ω and its angle ∝ 0,
75 Mark
c) Deduce the exact nature of the quadrilateral 𝐴𝐵Ω𝐶 0, 5
Mark
3) Let S be the direct similitude with center Ω, that transforms A to B, and
let 𝐶 ′′ = 𝑆(𝐶), 𝐻′ = 𝑆(𝐻) where H is the midpoint of line segment [𝐵𝐶]
a) Determine the angle of 𝑆 and show that 𝐶 ′ is on the line(Ω𝐴) 0, 75
Mark
b) Show that 𝐻′ is the midpoint of the line segment [Ω𝐵] and that (𝐶 ′ 𝐻′ )
is perpendicular (Ω𝐵). 1 Mark
c) Deduce that 𝐶 ′ is the center of the circumscribed circle of triangle
Ω𝐵𝐶. 0, 5 Mark
Part B 5, 75 marks
In a plane, 𝐴𝐵𝐶𝐷 is a square with center 𝑂 and side 𝐴𝐵 = 6. I is the
midpoint of the line segment [𝐴𝐵], 𝑀 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑁 are respectively, points on the
line segment [𝐴𝐷] 𝑎𝑛𝑑 [𝐷𝐶] such that 𝐴𝑀 = 𝐷𝑁, 𝑀 ≠ 𝐴 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑀 ≠ 𝐷
1) Let r be the rotation that transforms 𝐴 𝑡𝑜 𝐷 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑀 𝑡𝑜 𝑁. Determine the
principal angle of the rotation r. 0, 25 Mark
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National Centre for Career Orientation and preparations into the Best
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2) a) Show that 𝑂𝑀 2 = 18 − 6𝐴𝑀 + 𝐴𝑀 2 = 𝑂𝑁 2 1 Mark
b) Deduce that 𝑂 is the center of rotation r 1 Mark
3) Let the sequence 𝐴𝑀 = 𝑥 and we denote by 𝐺 the center of gravity of
the system 𝐴(7 − 𝑥), 𝐵(1) 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝐷(𝑥).
⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ = 𝑘𝐷𝑀
a) Let 𝑘 be a real number such that 𝐴𝑀 ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ . Determine 𝑘 in terms of
𝑥 and deduce that 𝑀 is the center of gravity of points 6(6 − 𝑥) 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝐷(𝑥).
0, 75 Mark
⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ + 𝐺𝐵
b) Show that (7 − 𝑥)𝐺𝐴 ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ + 𝑥𝐺𝐷
⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ = 𝐺𝐴
⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ + 𝐺𝐵
⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ + (6 − 𝑥)𝐺𝐴
⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ + 𝑥𝐺𝐷
⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗
and deduce that 𝐺 is the center of gravity of the point 𝑀 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝐼. 0, 5 Mark
c) Let 𝐺 ′ be the image of 𝐺 after the transformation r and 𝐽 the midpoint
3
of the line segment [𝐴𝐷]. Justify that 𝐺 ′ 𝐽 = 𝑁 ⃗ 𝐽 0, 5 Mark
4
4) a) Express the areas of 𝐼𝐴𝑀 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑀𝐷𝑁 in term of 𝑥 0, 5 Mark
b) Show that the area 𝐴1 of the trapezium 𝐵𝐶𝑁𝐼 in square units is 𝐴1 =
27 − 3𝑥 0, 25 Mark
1
c) Deduce that the area of triangle 𝐼𝑀𝑁 in square units is 𝐴2 = 𝑥 2 −
2
3
𝑥 + 9. 0, 25 Mark
2
5) Determine the value of x for which the area of the triangle 𝐼𝑀𝑁 in
minimal 1, 25 Mark
Exercise 3: Functions and limits(10mks)
- Part I:
2𝑥
Consider the function f defined in the interval ]−1; +∞[ 𝑏𝑦 𝑓(𝑥) = − ln(1 + 𝑥)
1+𝑥
1. Study the limits of the function f at the boundaries of its domain. To study the limit on
2𝑥−(1+𝑥) ln(1+𝑥)
-1, we note that 𝑓(𝑥) = 1+𝑥
2. Study the variations of the function f and draw the table of variation.
3. Prove that equation 𝑓(𝑥) = admits, in the interval ]−1; +∞[ a unique solution
denoted 𝛼. Chech that the approximate value of 𝛼 with a 10-1 precision is 3.9.
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National Centre for Career Orientation and preparations into the Best
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4. Specify, according to the values of 𝑥, the sign of 𝑓(𝑥).
- Part II:
ln(1+𝑡)
Let 𝑔 is continuous is the interval [𝑂; +∞[ 𝑏𝑦: 𝑔(0) = 0 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑔(𝑡) = 𝑖𝑓 𝑡 > 0
√𝑡
1. Show that is continuous in the interval [𝑂; +∞[ . Study the differentiability of 𝑎𝑡 0 .
1
2. Show that for any real number t strictly positive, we have: 𝑔′ (𝑡) = 𝑓(𝑡).
2𝑡√𝑡
1
3. a. Calculate the limit of 𝑔 𝑎𝑡 + ∞. note for 𝑡 > 0: ln(1 + 𝑡) = ln 𝑡 + ln (1 + 𝑡 )
b. Draw the table of variation of 𝑔
4. The plane is reported to orthogonal system(0; 𝑖; 𝑗). We will take as unit scale: 1cm on the
axis (0; 𝑖)and 10 cm on the axis (0; 𝑗). Plot the curve (ɼ ) of 𝑔.
- PART III:
The objective of this part is to determine the area A, in area unit, of the plane
domain limited by the 𝑥 − 𝑎𝑥𝑖𝑠, the curve ( ɼ) and the straight line of equation
(𝑥 = 1).
1. a. Show that the function 𝑔1 defined in the interval [𝑂; +∞[ ∶ 𝑔1 (𝑥) =
√𝑥 ln(1 + 𝑥) is differentiable at 0.
b. Let us have 𝝋 the function defined in the interval [𝑂; +∞[ by;
1 2√𝑡
𝜑(𝑥) = 2√𝑥 ln(1 + 𝑥) − ∫0 𝑑𝑡. Show that 𝝋 is differentiable in the interval
1+𝑡
[𝑂; +∞[ 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝜑 ′ (𝑥)
= 𝑔(𝑥).
1 2√𝑡
2. deduce that: 𝐴 = 2 ln 2 − ∫0 𝑑𝑡.
1+𝑡
1 2√𝑡
3. The aim of this question is to calculate the integral ∫0 𝑑𝑡.
1+𝑡
1 2√𝑡
Given h the function defined in the interval [𝑂; +∞[ 𝑏𝑦 ℎ(𝑥) = ∫0 𝑑𝑡. 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑘 the function
1+𝑡
defined in the interval 𝐼 = [0; 𝜋⁄2[ by 𝑘(𝜃 = = 𝑡𝑎𝑛2 𝜃
a. Calculate (ℎ°𝑘)(0)
b. Show that, for any O belonging to I, (ℎ°𝑘)′ (0) = 4 𝑡𝑎𝑛²𝜃
c. By writing 𝑡𝑎𝑛2 𝜃 in the form (𝑡𝑎𝑛2 𝜃 + 1)- 1, determine the primitive of (ℎ°𝑘)′ , and
then give the expression of (ℎ°𝑘).
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d. Calculate h(1).
4. Deduce from the previous results the exact value of A.
Exercise 4: Integration and differential equation 10 marks
𝜋 𝜋
1 1
1) Calculate the following integrals: ∫ 𝜋
3
𝑑𝑥 𝑎𝑛𝑑 ∫ tan 𝑥 + tan 𝑥 𝑑𝑥 .
𝜋
3
sin 2𝑥
4 4
1, 5 Mark
𝜋 1
2) Consider the function ℎ defined on ]0; [ 𝑏𝑦 ℎ(𝑥) =
2 cos 𝑥
𝜋
a) Show that ℎ defined on ]0; [ is a bisection on an interval to be
2
determined. 1, 5 Mark
b) Determine the set on which the inverse function ℎ−1 is derivable and
determine the derivative of ℎ−1 . 1, 5 Mark
2
2 𝑒 −𝑡+𝑥
Given the function ℎ defined on ℝ 𝑏𝑦: ℎ(𝑥) = ∫1 𝑑𝑡
𝑡2
3) Show that there exist a real number 𝛿 such that for all 𝑥 ∈ ℝ, ℎ(𝑥) =
2
𝛿𝑒 𝑥 . What is the sign of 𝛿? 0, 5 Mark
4) Calculate ℎ′ (𝑥) in terms of 𝛿 and deduce the sign of the variable of ℎ over
ℝ. 0, 75 Mark
5) a) Using integration by parts show that:
2
2 𝑒 −𝑡+𝑥 𝑒 −2 2 𝑒 −𝑡
∫1 𝑡 2 𝑑𝑡 = − + 𝑒 −1 − ∫1 𝑑𝑡. 0, 75 Mark
2 𝑡
𝑒 −2 2 𝑒 −𝑡
b) Show also that : ≤ ∫1 𝑑𝑡𝑡 ≤ 𝑒 −1 . 0, 5 Mark
2 𝑡
c) Hence deduce the bounds of 𝛿. 0, 5 Mark
6) Consider the differential equation (𝐸): 𝑦 ′ − 2𝑥𝑦 = 0 where y is a function
on ℝ
2
a) Show that 𝑔𝑜(𝑥) = 𝑒 𝑥 is a solution of (𝐸). 0, 25 Mark
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National Centre for Career Orientation and preparations into the Best
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b) Show that a function 𝑔 is a solution of (𝐸) if and only if the function
2
𝑘(𝑥) = 𝑒 −𝑥 𝑔(𝑥) is a constant function. 1 Mark
c) Hence deduce the general solution of (𝐸). Is ℎ a solution of (𝐸)? 0, 5
Mark
𝑒𝑥
7) Given the function 𝑓 defined on ]−1; +∞[ 𝑏𝑦 𝑓(𝑥) = 1+𝑥. (𝐶) Is the representative
curve on the orthonormal coordinate plane with 1 unit = 4 cm on both axes.
1 𝑒𝑡
Consider 𝐽 = ∫0 𝑑𝑡. The main aim of this part is to find the approximate value of 𝐽.
1+𝑡
𝑡
a) Using the variation of the function 𝑓 above, show that 1 ≤ 𝐽 ≤ 2. 0, 5 Mark
1
b) Suppose, for all natural number n, 𝑢𝑛 = (−1)𝑛 ∫0 𝑡 𝑛 𝑒 𝑡 𝑑𝑡.
ii) Calculate 𝑢0 . 0, 25 Mark
ii) Using integration by parts, show that 𝑢𝑛+1 = (−1)𝑛+1 𝑒 + (𝑛 + 1)𝑢𝑛 . 0, 25 Mark
The end
Goodluck
A student who has 30/40 in this mathematics
has 30,000frs from me.
By Engineer Ngali
National Centre for Career Orientation and preparations into the Best
Faculties Home and Abroad
ENGINEERING CONTINOUS ASSESMENT III
LITTORAL 2025
PHYSICS: (2H)
EXERCISE 1: Electrical oscillation (12mks)
An electrical circuit is made of a resistance R, a coil of inductance L, and capacitor of
capacity C mounted in series; at the boundaries of the set. We maintain a sinusoidal difference
of potential U of effective U Constant and frequency f variable (see figure 2), .we designate
by I the effective value of courant and by Z the impedance of circuit
1. We want to study the variation of the mean absorbed power P by the circuit in function
of the frequency (or the pulsation =2𝜋f ).
1
Numencal data,U = 3,O V; R=5,O ‘Ω L = O,25.103 H ; C = 1,O.1O-9 𝐹; 𝑡𝑎𝑘𝑒 = 0,318
𝜋
1.1 Calculate the power - factor cos𝝋 of the circuit using the construction of Fresnel. Express
cos𝝋 as a function of Z and R
1.2 Deduce the expression of P from U,R and Z on one hand and I on the other hand (𝝋
designated the difference of phase between the intensity and the tension).
1.3 One says that the circuit is at resonance what the power is at its maximum numerically
calculate
a) 𝑓0 ; 𝑍0 ; 𝐼0 ; 𝑃0 . Values de f, Z, I, P at the resonance
𝑈𝐿 𝐿𝑊0
b) The overvoltage coefficient 𝑄 = = , (UL: effective tension at the boundaries of the
𝑅 𝑅
coil at the resonance).
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National Centre for Career Orientation and preparations into the Best
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𝑃0
c) Put P under the form 𝑃 = 𝑋² , Z² = R² + X² where X represents the reactive part of
(1+ )
𝑅²
impedance.
1.4 show that there exist two value f’1 and f2 of f on both sides of 𝑓0 for which P takes the value
𝑃0
𝑃1 = 𝑃2 = for this, it will be enough to study the variations of P with f (without calculating
2
f’1 and f2) Calculate the value of Z, I and cos𝝋 corresponding to p1 and P2
1 5 One calls weakening in decibels (dB) the expression a =1 Olog (p/p) (decimal logathm).
Express a function of I and I0. Numerically calculate a1 and a2 for f or f = f 1 and f = f 2
2. study P in a neighborhood of the resonance by letting 𝜔 = 𝜔O + ∆𝜔 = 𝜔0 (1 + 𝜀) with
𝜀 = ∆/𝜔0. relative variation of frequency ,one wil suppose that 𝜀 << 1
2.l Express x/R and P as a function of 𝜀 and Q. W e remind the approximation formula
(1 + 𝜀) = 1 + 𝑛 𝜀 𝑖𝑓 𝜀 << 1
2.2 Assuming the preceding expression is still valuable for P1 and P2, deduce the approached
values of f1 and f2. Calculate the bandwidth B = f1 – f2 and the relative bandwidth B/ fo
of the circuit.
EXERCISE 2: Mechanical oscillation (8mks)
A vertical axis is rigidly fixed on a horizontal rod ox. On this rod, a spring R of length at
rest Lo=48cm is strung. The spring R has one of its ends fixed at 0 and the other to the
mass m=50g which can slide without friction on the rod ox. This string lengthens 1cm
under the action of the wait of a mass M=300g. the rotation speed of the system is N=2tr
per seconds. We have g=9.8units
1. calculate the stiffness constant of the spring R
2. calculate the elongation of the spring and deduce the new length of the
spring
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3. determine the centrifugal force that exert on the mass m
4. what is the tension of the spring ?
5. the spring in perpetual movement can’t exceed a length of 1m, what is the
highest rotation speed permitted ?
on this rod ox is strung after the spring R , a second identical spring R’ of
length at rest L’o=60.2cm as seen above. one of the end of R’ is attached
to m(wholes length is negligible), the other end is attached to a mass
m’=m which also slide without friction along ox and can be considered as
punctual. The system rotate about the axis with a speed of rotation N=2tr
per second.
6. Calculate the elongation x and y of each spring
7. the new length L’1 and L’2 of each spring
8. the tension T1 and T2 of each spring.
The end
Goodluck
A student who has 15/20 in this physics has
30,000frs from me.
By Engineer Ngali
